高中英语新教材必修二知识清单及巩固练习

高中英语新教材必修二Unit1知识清单***知识清单***一、词形转换1．threatn．威胁→threatenvt.威胁；危及2．huntv．打猎；搜寻；追捕→huntern．猎人3．raten．速度；(比)率vt.划分等级→ratingn．等级；级别4．extinctadj.已灭绝的→extinctionn．灭绝5．pressvt.压；按→pressuren．压力；要求6．concernn．担心；关心vt.让……担忧；涉及→concernedadj.担心的；关切的7．legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.不合法的；非法的→illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地8．alarmvt.使害怕；使惊恐；使担心n．警报；恐慌；警报器→alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的→alarmedadj.担心的；害怕的9．intendvi.&vt.打算；计划；想要→intentionn．打算；目的10．existvi.存在；生存→existencen．存在；生存二、重点单词和短语1．raten．速度；(比)率vt.划分等级；评价；评估①Mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerateof5

kilometresanhour.n.速度②Thebirthrateofthatcountryisreducing.n.(比)率③ChinaandIndiaareratedasthemostattractivemarketsnow.v.评价，看作2．reserven．(动植物)保护区；储藏(量)vt.预订；预留；保留①Theseseatsarereservedfortheelderlyandwomenwithbabies.vt.预留②I'dliketoreserveatableforthreeforeighto'clock.vt.预订③Wesetupawildlifereservetoprotectendangeredelephants.n.保护区

dieout灭绝；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭[例1]Withsocietydeveloping，manyoldcustomsaredyingout.发表评职称论文省级国家级均可安排G4纯教育期刊，知网全文收录专利，软著著作出书，挂名主编副主编，CIP可查国家级教育部课题，国家级各类证书，网上可查微信同号着社会的发展，许多古老的风俗在逐渐消失。[例2]Withthelivingenvironmentbecomingworseandworse，manyoftheearth'sspeciesaredyingout.随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种正在消失。[造句]一旦大火熄灭，救援队就会马上进入。Oncethefirehasdiedout，therescueteamwillmoveinimmediately.[知识拓展]dieaway逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失diedown

逐渐降低，逐渐平息dieoff

相继死去dieof

死于(内因)diefrom

死于(外因)diefor

为……而死alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的[例1]Itistruethattheearth'sresourcesarerunningoutatanalarmingrate，soweshouldmakegooduseofthem.的确，地球资源正以惊人的速度耗尽，所以我们应该好好利用它们。[例2]Thisideaseemstobecomelessalarming.这个想法似乎就变得不那么可怕了。[造句]人口正以惊人的速度下降。Thepopulationisdroppingatanalarmingrate.[知识拓展](1)alarm

vt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心n.警报；恐慌inalarm惊恐地(2)alarmedadj.惊恐的；忧虑的bealarmedat/by...对……大为惊慌bealarmedtodo...做……感到恐慌Wewerealarmedatthealarmingscreamasthescreamdidalarmus.我们被那令人惊恐的尖叫声吓了一跳，因为那叫声的确使我们感到惊恐。awareof意识到；知道Wemustmakepeopleawareoftheproblemandhelp

theendangeredwildlifebeforeit'stoolate！我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，并及时帮助……濒危野生动物！[例1]Inconclusion，peoplearoundtheworldshouldbewellawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage.总之，全世界的人们都应该清楚地知道水资源短缺的真实情况。[例2]Thefailuremademeawareofmyownshortcomings.这次失败使我意识到了我自己的缺点。[造句]每个人都意识到了污染的严重性。Everybodyisawareoftheseriousnessofpollution.[知识拓展](1)be/becomeawareof...对……知道；明白；意识到be/becomeawarethat...知道/体会到……as/sofarasIamaware

据我所知makesb.awareof...

使某人意识到……(2)awarenessn.

意识；认识developanawarenessof...

形成……的意识raiseawareness

提高意识她还没意识到她做错了。→Shewasnotawareofhavingdonewrong．→Shewasnotawarethatshehaddonewrong．→Shewasnotawareofwhatshehaddonewaswrong．[名师点津]

(1)aware后跟名词性从句时，一般从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。(2)修饰aware可用well，much，verymuch，fully，但不用very。(3)beaware后一般不接不定式。averageadj.平均的；正常的；普通的

n．平均水平；平均数(教材P14)Howmanyelephantsarekilledonaverageeveryday？平均每天有多少头大象被杀？[例1]Heisworkinghardandhisgradesareabovetheaverageinhisclass.他学习刻苦，成绩在班里高于平均水平。[例2]Theaverageof3，8and10is7.3，8，10的平均数为7。[造句]每个班平均有10名学生未通过考试。Anaverageoftenstudentshaven'tpassedtheexamineachclass.[知识拓展](1)on(the)average平均来看above(the)average

高于平均水平below(the)average

低于平均水平(2)anaverageof...

平均有……(后跟数词)theaverageof...

……的平均数Thetemperaturenowisbelowaverage．此时的气温低于平均水平。concernedabout对……关切的；为……担忧的(教材P15)I'mconcernedabouttheAfricanelephants.我很担心非洲大象。[例1]Sheisconcernedabout/forherson'sfuture.她担忧她儿子的未来。[例2]Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthimandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他，下课后你们会见面交谈。[造句]我们都担心她的安全。Weareallconcernedabouthersafety.[知识拓展](1)concernvt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注；(利害)关系showconcernfor关心(2)concernedadj.

担心的；关注的as/sofaras...beconcerned关于；至于；就……而言beconcernedwithsth.

牵涉到；与……有关(3)concerningprep.

关于Thestoryconcernstheprince'seffortstorescuePamina.Hewasconcernedthatshemightmisstheturningandgetlost.AllthedifficultiesconcerningPaminaweresolvedbytheprince.这故事讲的是王子奋力解救帕米娜。他担心她可能会错过转弯的地方而迷路。所有与帕米娜有关的难事都由王子解决。adaptvi.适应

vt.使适应；使适合；改编(教材P15)Elephantsneedlargelivingspaces，soit'sdifficultforthemtoadapttothechanges.大象需要很大的生存空间，所以它们很难适应变化。[例1]Notonlyhassheadapted(herself)tothefastrhythmofcitylife，butsheisbecomingmoreandmoreoutgoing.她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。[例2]Aftergraduationfromcollege，Igraduallyadaptedmyselftolivingonmyown.大学毕业后，我逐渐适应了独立生活。[造句]据说这部新影片是根据一本小说改编的。Thisnewfilmissaidtobeadaptedfromanovel.[知识拓展](1)adaptto适合，适应adaptoneselfto

使自己适应adapt...to...

使……适应……adapt...for...

将……改编为……adaptsth.fromsth.

根据……改编……(2)adaptableadj.

能适应的；可修改的(3)adaptationn.

改编本；适应[名师点津]

adapt(oneself)to中的to为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。Thechildrenarefindingithardtoadapttotheirnewsurroundings.孩子发觉很难适应新环境。measuren．措施；方法vt.测量；度量；估量(教材P15)Whatmeasuresarebeingtakentohelpthem?正在采取什么措施来帮助它们呢？[例1]Theroommeasures10metresacross.这个房间宽十米。[例2]Educationshouldn'tbemeasuredpurelybyexaminationresults.教育不应该仅仅用考试结果来衡量。[造句]你们应该采取有效措施来改善你们的工作环境。Youshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoimproveyourworkingconditions．[知识拓展](1)takemeasures/stepstodosth.采取措施做某事madetomeasure

量身定制的(2)measuresth.bysth.

用某物来衡量某物[名师点津]measure表示“量度为”时，是系动词，后跟测量结果，不用于被动语态及进行时。类似用法的单词还有weigh。Thinkaboutmeasuresofmeasuringtheweightoftheelephant.思考测量大象重量的办法。observevt.观察到；注视；看到；注意到；遵守(规则、法律等)；庆祝(教材P16)Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。[例1]Asamiddleschoolstudent，heshouldobservetheschoolrulesandtrafficregulations.作为一个中学生，他应该遵守校规和交通规则。[例2]Iobservedthatseveralstudentswereasleepinclass.我注意到有几个学生在课堂上睡着了。[造句]全世界的中国人都庆祝春节。ChineseallovertheworldobservetheSpringFestival.[知识拓展](1)observesb.dosth.观察到某人做了某事observesb.doingsth.观察到某人正在做某事observe＋that从句

发现……(2)observationn.

观察，观测[名师点津]表示“注意到，看到”，后面接复合宾语，其中用动词不定式和v.ing形式作宾语补足语，但动词不定式作宾语补足语时，要省略动词不定式符号to，强调动作发生的全过程，但用于被动语态时，不定式符号to不可省略；v.ing形式作宾语补足语时，强调动作正在进行。WhenweattendtheparadetoobservetheNationalDay，wemustobservethetrafficregulations.Ifweobservesomeonerunaredlight，weshouldstophim.当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候，我们必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。remindvt.提醒；使想起(教材P16)I'malsoremindedofthedangertheyarein.我也意识到了它们所处的危险。[例1]Idon'twantthemtoremindmeofher.我不想因它们而想起她来。[例2]Remindednottodriveafterdrinking，somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck，whichisreallydangerous.尽管被提醒不要酒后驾车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。[造句]这些老照片使我想起了我在农村度过的那些日子。TheseoldphotosremindedmeofthedaysIspentinthecountryside.[知识拓展]remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that...

使某人想起……；提醒某人……intendv．计划；打算；想要(教材P16)Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。[例1]Themeetingisintendedtodealwithsomeimportantproblems.开这个会的目的是想解决一些重要问题。[例2]Ihadintendedtowatchthegame，butIhadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.＝Iintendedtohavewatchedthegame，butIhadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.我本打算看这场比赛，但是有更重要的事要做。[造句]女朋友和我打算明年结婚。MygirlfriendandIintendtogetmarriednextyear.[知识拓展](1)intenddoing/todosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.

打算让某人做某事(2)beintendedtodo...

为了做……beintendedfor...

专门为……而设计的；专供……使用的(3)hadintendedtodosth.＝intendedtohavedonesth.本打算做某事(但没有做)(4)intentionn.

打算；计划haveintentionofdoing...打算做……Thewaterisnotintendedfordrinking.这是非饮用水。Iintendyoutotakeoverthebusiness.我打算让你来接管生意。三、重点句型Thisiswhy...“这就是……的原因”。(教材P16)Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。[句式分析]Thisiswhy...这就是……的原因。此处why引导表语从句。[例1]Tomwasill.Thatwaswhyhecamelateforthemeeting.汤姆病了。那就是他开会迟到的原因。[例2]I'vegotacold，thatiswhyIwouldn'tliketohaveameal.我感冒了，那就是我不想吃饭的原因。[造句]这就是为什么我写信要求做一名志愿者。ThisiswhyIamwritingthisletteraskingtobeavolunteer.[知识拓展](1)That/Thisis/waswhy...这就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)(2)That/Thisis/wasbecause...这是因为……(because从句表示原因)(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because)①Thereasonwhyhewasn'tadmittedintoakeyuniversitywasthathisgradesweretoolow．他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。②Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill．汤姆开会迟到了。那是因为他病了。only修饰状语位于句首，用部分倒装。(教材P16)Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。[句式分析]only修饰状语从句放在句首时主句须部分倒装。[例1]Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem.只有这样，你才能算出这道题来。[例2]Onlyifhegetsajobcanhehaveenoughmoneytocontinuehisstudiesatcollege.他只有找到工作才能有足够的钱继续大学的学业。[造句]只有到那时我才意识到我做错了。OnlythendidIrealizethatIhaddonewrong.[知识拓展]only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即把句子谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。[名师点津]若only修饰主语，即使在句首也不倒装。①Onlyinthiswaycanyoungpeoplelearnhowtoobserveexcellenttraditions.只有这样年轻人才能学会如何遵守优良的传统。②Onlywhenhereturnedhomewasheawareofwhathadhappened.当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。③Onlybypractisingpapercuttingmorecanyoulearnthefolkart.只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。

(教材P16)Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass，Iwasstruckbytheirbeauty.分析：本句是一个简单句。watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass在句中作状语。译文：看着它们慢慢地穿过绿色的草地，我被它们的美丽所打动。(教材P16)Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.[分析]本句是一个主从复合句，since引导的是一个原因状语从句。[译文]然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。(教材P16)Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.[分析]本句是一个主从复合句，whenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnature为时间状语从句，因前面有only修饰，故主句要用部分倒装。[译文]只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。

***同步练习***Unit1CulturalHeritage基础巩固练习一、重点短语

1.参与(某事)；参加(某活动)_______2.让步;屈服________3.保持平衡________4.导致________5.提出建议________6.向…求助________7.阻止;不准________8.保护…不受伤害_______9.向…捐赠________10.确保;设法保证________11.在世界各地________12.可能做某事________13.把……限制在……内________14.有助于；促使；导致________15.企图做某事；尝试做某事________16.因某事原谅某人________17.在某人看来________18.值得做某事________

二、词形转换1.create(v.)_____adj.______adv.

2.promote(v.)

_____n.3.apply(v.)_______n.申请；应用_____n.申请人4.contribute(v.)_______n.5.donate(v.)_______n.6.disappear(v.)________n.

______（反义）7.professional(adj.)______n.8.tradition(n.)_______adj.9.historic(adj.)_______n.10.comparison(n.)______v.三、单词拼写1.I’llhelpasmuchasIcan,butthereisa_______(限制）towhatIcando.2.Waitandplayarebothnecessarytohealth.The_______(前者)givesusenergyandthelattergivesusrest.

3.Itwasamazingthatshesolvedtheproblem________(创造性地）lastnight.4.Onlyinthiswaycanwekeep_______(平衡)betweenstudyandpleasure.

5.Weshould_______(捐赠）somemoneytothosewhoareintrouble.

6.Allofusshouldloveourparents_______(永远）andtrytoaccompanythemasmuchaspossible.7.Wemustdoourbesttopreventthesehistoricsitefrom_______(消失).

8.Thecommitteemetseveraltimestodiscusstheseimportant________(问题).

9.Althoughmanyofbooksare_______(数码的）,somebookswillstill

bearound.10.Suchapersonmaybe_______(原谅)ifheislate，butnotthosewhoaredeliberatelylate.

四、单选题1.Itishighlyimportanttopreventtheenvironmentfrom________.

A.polluting

B.pollutedC.tobepolluted

D.beingpolluted

2.LastSunday,ourschoolheldafive-kilometerrunningrace.Allthestudents_______it.

A.tookpartin

B.joinedC.playedpartin

D.attended3.Afteralongargument,wedidn't________eachother.

A.givein

B.giveupto

C.givewayto

D.giveawayto4.Eatingtoomuchfat________Tom’shealthproblems.

A.ledto

B.ledin

C.resultedto

D.dueto5.Theyallmadeaproposalthatthey________thetaxifair.

A.haveshared

B.shareC.shouldbeshared

D.willshare

6.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbeless___yourworkhome.A.likelybringingB.probablybringing

C.likelytobring

D.possiblytobring

7.WhenIamintrouble,Ialways_______myfriendsforhelp.

A.turnon

B.turntoC.turndown

D.turnin

8.Everyyear40,000peopleattempt________Kilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.A.climb

B.atclimbingC.toclimbing

D.toclimb9.Thearticleiswell________reading,butit'snot________ofbeingtranslated.

A.worth;worthy

B.worthwhile;worthC.worth;worthwhileD.worthy;worth10.Therecomesatime________theeconomyisdevelopingrapidly.A.when

B.than

C.while

D.as11.NotonlyyoubutalsoJudy________toblameforthisaccident.A.are

B.is

C.aregoing

D.isbeing

12.For________informationonhealthyeating,youcanvisitourwebsite.A.farther

B.furtherC.furthestD.farthest13.Youshouldchangetheway_______youtalktoyourparents.A.who

B.which

C.inwhich

D.where14.Weliveinanage_______everyonevaluestimeverymuch.A.that

B.where

C.when

D.which15.Thisisthebestnovel________Ihaveeverread.A.which

B.what

C.as

D.that五、句子翻译1她不但会说法语，还会打字。（notonly…butalso）2.他是我们大家都愿意向其学习的人。（定语从句）3.我们将去参加由你们学校举行的夏令营，这使我们感到非常兴奋。(takepartin,非限制定语从句)***参考答案***一、重点短语1.takepartin

2.givewayto3.keepbalance4.leadto

5.makeaproposal6.turnto7.prevent…from…8.protect...from...

9.donate...to...10.makesure11.allovertheworld12.belikelytodosth.

13.limit…to…

14.contributeto15.attempttodosth.16.forgivesb.forsth.17.inone’sopinion18.It’sworthwhiledoing/todosth.

二、词形转换1.creative;creatively2.promotion3.application;applicant4.contribution5.donation6.disappearance;appear7.profession8.traditional9.history10.compare

三、单词拼写1.limit2.former3.creatively4.balance

5.contribute/donate6.forever

7.disappearing

8.issues

9.digital10.forgiven四、单项选择

1-5

DACAB6-10

CBDAA

11-15

BBCCD五、句子翻译1.NotonlycanshespeakFrench,butalsosheknowshowtotype.2.Heisamanwhomweareallreadytolearnfrom.3.Wewilltakepartinthesummercampheldbyyourschool,whichmakesusveryhappy.高中英语新教材必修二Unit2知识清单***知识清单***一、词形转换1.threatn．威胁→threatenvt.威胁；危及2.huntv．打猎；搜寻；追捕→huntern．猎人3.raten．速度；(比)率vt.划分等级→ratingn．等级；级别4.extinctadj.已灭绝的→extinctionn．灭绝5.pressvt.压；按→pressuren．压力；要求6.concernn．担心；关心vt.让……担忧；涉及→concernedadj.担心的；关切的7.legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.不合法的；非法的→illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地8.alarmvt.使害怕；使惊恐；使担心n．警报；恐慌；警报器→alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的→alarmedadj.担心的；害怕的9.intendvi.&vt.打算；计划；想要→intentionn．打算；目的10.existvi.存在；生存→existencen．存在；生存二、重点单词和短语rate

n．速度；(比)率vt.划分等级；评价；评估①Mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerateof5

kilometresanhour.n.速度②Thebirthrateofthatcountryisreducing.n.(比)率③ChinaandIndiaareratedasthemostattractivemarketsnow.v.评价，看作reserve

n．(动植物)保护区；储藏(量)vt.预订；预留；保留①Theseseatsarereservedfortheelderlyandwomenwithbabies.vt.预留②I'dliketoreserveatableforthreeforeighto'clock.vt.预订③Wesetupawildlifereservetoprotectendangeredelephants.n.保护区

dieout灭绝；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭[例1]Withsocietydeveloping，manyoldcustomsaredyingout.随着社会的发展，许多古老的风俗在逐渐消失。[例2]Withthelivingenvironmentbecomingworseandworse，manyoftheearth'sspeciesaredyingout.随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种正在消失。[造句]一旦大火熄灭，救援队就会马上进入。Oncethefirehasdiedout，therescueteamwillmoveinimmediately.[知识拓展]dieaway逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失diedown

逐渐降低，逐渐平息dieoff

相继死去dieof

死于(内因)diefrom

死于(外因)diefor

为……而死alarming

adj.惊人的；使人惊恐的[例1]Itistruethattheearth'sresourcesarerunningoutatanalarmingrate，soweshouldmakegooduseofthem.的确，地球资源正以惊人的速度耗尽，所以我们应该好好利用它们。[例2]Thisideaseemstobecomelessalarming.这个想法似乎就变得不那么可怕了。[造句]人口正以惊人的速度下降。Thepopulationisdroppingatanalarmingrate.[知识拓展](1)alarm

vt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心n.警报；恐慌inalarm惊恐地(2)alarmedadj.惊恐的；忧虑的bealarmedat/by...对……大为惊慌bealarmedtodo...做……感到恐慌Wewerealarmedatthealarmingscreamasthescreamdidalarmus.我们被那令人惊恐的尖叫声吓了一跳，因为那叫声的确使我们感到惊恐。awareof...

意识到；知道Wemustmakepeopleawareoftheproblemandhelp

theendangeredwildlifebeforeit'stoolate！我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，并及时帮助……濒危野生动物！[例1]Inconclusion，peoplearoundtheworldshouldbewellawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage.总之，全世界的人们都应该清楚地知道水资源短缺的真实情况。[例2]Thefailuremademeawareofmyownshortcomings.这次失败使我意识到了我自己的缺点。[造句]每个人都意识到了污染的严重性。Everybodyisawareoftheseriousnessofpollution.[知识拓展](1)be/becomeawareof...对……知道；明白；意识到be/becomeawarethat...知道/体会到……as/sofarasIamaware

据我所知makesb.awareof...

使某人意识到……(2)awareness

n.

意识；认识developanawarenessof...

形成……的意识raiseawareness

提高意识她还没意识到她做错了。→Shewasnotawareofhavingdonewrong．→Shewasnotawarethatshehaddonewrong．→Shewasnotawareofwhatshehaddonewaswrong．[名师点津]

(1)aware后跟名词性从句时，一般从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。(2)修饰aware可用well，much，verymuch，fully，但不用very。(3)beaware后一般不接不定式。average

adj.平均的；正常的；普通的

n．平均水平；平均数Howmanyelephantsarekilledonaverageeveryday？平均每天有多少头大象被杀？[例1]Heisworkinghardandhisgradesareabovetheaverageinhisclass.他学习刻苦，成绩在班里高于平均水平。[例2]Theaverageof3，8and10is7.3，8，10的平均数为7。[造句]每个班平均有10名学生未通过考试。Anaverageoftenstudentshaven'tpassedtheexamineachclass.[知识拓展](1)on(the)average平均来看above(the)average

高于平均水平below(the)average

低于平均水平(2)anaverageof...

平均有……(后跟数词)theaverageof...

……的平均数Thetemperaturenowisbelowaverage．此时的气温低于平均水平。concernedabout...

对……关切的；为……担忧的I'mconcernedabouttheAfricanelephants.我很担心非洲大象。[例1]Sheisconcernedabout/forherson'sfuture.她担忧她儿子的未来。[例2]Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthimandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他，下课后你们会见面交谈。[造句]我们都担心她的安全。Weareallconcernedabouthersafety.[知识拓展](1)concernvt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注；(利害)关系showconcernfor关心(2)concernedadj.

担心的；关注的as/sofaras...beconcerned关于；至于；就……而言beconcernedwithsth.

牵涉到；与……有关(3)concerningprep.

关于Thestoryconcernstheprince'seffortstorescuePamina.Hewasconcernedthatshemightmisstheturningandgetlost.AllthedifficultiesconcerningPaminaweresolvedbytheprince.这故事讲的是王子奋力解救帕米娜。他担心她可能会错过转弯的地方而迷路。所有与帕米娜有关的难事都由王子解决。adapt

vi.适应

vt.使适应；使适合；改编Elephantsneedlargelivingspaces，soit'sdifficultforthemtoadapttothechanges.大象需要很大的生存空间，所以它们很难适应变化。[例1]Notonlyhassheadapted(herself)tothefastrhythmofcitylife，butsheisbecomingmoreandmoreoutgoing.她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。[例2]Aftergraduationfromcollege，Igraduallyadaptedmyselftolivingonmyown.大学毕业后，我逐渐适应了独立生活。[造句]据说这部新影片是根据一本小说改编的。Thisnewfilmissaidtobeadaptedfromanovel.[知识拓展](1)adaptto适合，适应adaptoneselfto

使自己适应adapt...to...

使……适应……adapt...for...

将……改编为……adaptsth.fromsth.

根据……改编……(2)adaptableadj.

能适应的；可修改的(3)adaptationn.

改编本；适应[名师点津]

adapt(oneself)to中的to为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。Thechildrenarefindingithardtoadapttotheirnewsurroundings.孩子发觉很难适应新环境。measure

n．措施；方法vt.测量；度量；估量Whatmeasuresarebeingtakentohelpthem?正在采取什么措施来帮助它们呢？[例1]Theroommeasures10metresacross.这个房间宽十米。[例2]Educationshouldn'tbemeasuredpurelybyexaminationresults.教育不应该仅仅用考试结果来衡量。[造句]你们应该采取有效措施来改善你们的工作环境。Youshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoimproveyourworkingconditions．[知识拓展](1)takemeasures/stepstodosth.采取措施做某事madetomeasure

量身定制的(2)measuresth.bysth.

用某物来衡量某物[名师点津]measure表示“量度为”时，是系动词，后跟测量结果，不用于被动语态及进行时。类似用法的单词还有weigh。Thinkaboutmeasuresofmeasuringtheweightoftheelephant.思考测量大象重量的办法。observe

vt.观察到；注视；看到；注意到；遵守(规则、法律等)；庆祝Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。[例1]Asamiddleschoolstudent，heshouldobservetheschoolrulesandtrafficregulations.作为一个中学生，他应该遵守校规和交通规则。[例2]Iobservedthatseveralstudentswereasleepinclass.我注意到有几个学生在课堂上睡着了。[造句]全世界的中国人都庆祝春节。ChineseallovertheworldobservetheSpringFestival.[知识拓展](1)observesb.dosth.观察到某人做了某事observesb.doingsth.观察到某人正在做某事observe＋that从句

发现……(2)observationn.

观察，观测[名师点津]表示“注意到，看到”，后面接复合宾语，其中用动词不定式和v.ing形式作宾语补足语，但动词不定式作宾语补足语时，要省略动词不定式符号to，强调动作发生的全过程，但用于被动语态时，不定式符号to不可省略；v.ing形式作宾语补足语时，强调动作正在进行。WhenweattendtheparadetoobservetheNationalDay，wemustobservethetrafficregulations.Ifweobservesomeonerunaredlight，weshouldstophim.当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候，我们必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。remind

vt.提醒；使想起I'malsoremindedofthedangertheyarein.我也意识到了它们所处的危险。[例1]Idon'twantthemtoremindmeofher.我不想因它们而想起她来。[例2]Remindednottodriveafterdrinking，somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck，whichisreallydangerous.尽管被提醒不要酒后驾车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。[造句]这些老照片使我想起了我在农村度过的那些日子。TheseoldphotosremindedmeofthedaysIspentinthecountryside.[知识拓展]remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that...

使某人想起……；提醒某人……intend

v．计划；打算；想要Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。[例1]Themeetingisintendedtodealwithsomeimportantproblems.开这个会的目的是想解决一些重要问题。[例2]Ihadintendedtowatchthegame，butIhadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.＝Iintendedtohavewatchedthegame，butIhadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.我本打算看这场比赛，但是有更重要的事要做。[造句]女朋友和我打算明年结婚。MygirlfriendandIintendtogetmarriednextyear.[知识拓展](1)intenddoing/todosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.

打算让某人做某事(2)beintendedtodo...

为了做……beintendedfor...

专门为……而设计的；专供……使用的(3)hadintendedtodosth.＝intendedtohavedonesth.本打算做某事(但没有做)(4)intentionn.

打算；计划haveintentionofdoing...打算做……Thewaterisnotintendedfordrinking.这是非饮用水。Iintendyoutotakeoverthebusiness.我打算让你来接管生意。三、重点句型Thisiswhy...“这就是……的原因”。Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。[句式分析]Thisiswhy...这就是……的原因。此处why引导表语从句。[例1]Tomwasill.Thatwaswhyhecamelateforthemeeting.汤姆病了。那就是他开会迟到的原因。[例2]I'vegotacold，thatiswhyIwouldn'tliketohaveameal.我感冒了，那就是我不想吃饭的原因。[造句]这就是为什么我写信要求做一名志愿者。ThisiswhyIamwritingthisletteraskingtobeavolunteer.[知识拓展](1)That/Thisis/waswhy...这就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)(2)That/Thisis/wasbecause...这是因为……(because从句表示原因)(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because)①Thereasonwhyhewasn'tadmittedintoakeyuniversitywasthathisgradesweretoolow．他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。②Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill．汤姆开会迟到了。那是因为他病了。only修饰状语位于句首，用部分倒装。Onlywhen

welearntoexistinharmonywithnature

canwestop

beingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。[句式分析]only修饰状语从句放在句首时主句须部分倒装。[例1]Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem.只有这样，你才能算出这道题来。[例2]Onlyifhegetsajobcanhehaveenoughmoneytocontinuehisstudiesatcollege.他只有找到工作才能有足够的钱继续大学的学业。[造句]只有到那时我才意识到我做错了。OnlythendidIrealizethatIhaddonewrong.[知识拓展]only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即把句子谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。[名师点津]若only修饰主语，即使在句首也不倒装。①Onlyinthiswaycanyoungpeoplelearnhowtoobserveexcellenttraditions.只有这样年轻人才能学会如何遵守优良的传统。②Onlywhenhereturnedhomewasheawareofwhathadhappened.当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。③Onlybypractisingpapercuttingmorecanyoulearnthefolkart.只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。

Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass，Iwasstruckbytheirbeauty.分析：本句是一个简单句。watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass在句中作状语。译文：看着它们慢慢地穿过绿色的草地，我被它们的美丽所打动。hegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.[分析]本句是一个主从复合句，since引导的是一个原因状语从句。[译文]然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。***同步练习***Unit1CulturalHeritage基础巩固练习一、重点短语

1.参与(某事)；参加(某活动)_______2.让步;屈服________3.保持平衡________4.导致________5.提出建议________6.向…求助________7.阻止;不准________8.保护…不受伤害_______9.向…捐赠________10.确保;设法保证________11.在世界各地________12.可能做某事________13.把……限制在……内________14.有助于；促使；导致________15.企图做某事；尝试做某事________16.因某事原谅某人________17.在某人看来________18.值得做某事________

二、词形转换1.create(v.)_____adj.______adv.

2.promote(v.)

_____n.3.apply(v.)_______n.申请；应用_____n.申请人4.contribute(v.)_______n.5.donate(v.)_______n.6.disappear(v.)________n.

______（反义）7.professional(adj.)______n.8.tradition(n.)_______adj.9.historic(adj.)_______n.10.comparison(n.)______v.三、单词拼写1.I’llhelpasmuchasIcan,butthereisa_______(限制）towhatIcando.2.Waitandplayarebothnecessarytohealth.The_______(前者)givesusenergyandthelattergivesusrest.

3.Itwasamazingthatshesolvedtheproblem________(创造性地）lastnight.4.Onlyinthiswaycanwekeep_______(平衡)betweenstudyandpleasure.

5.Weshould_______(捐赠）somemoneytothosewhoareintrouble.

6.Allofusshouldloveourparents_______(永远）andtrytoaccompanythemasmuchaspossible.7.Wemustdoourbesttopreventthesehistoricsitefrom_______(消失).

8.Thecommitteemetseveraltimestodiscusstheseimportant________(问题).

9.Althoughmanyofbooksare_______(数码的）,somebookswillstill

bearound.10.Suchapersonmaybe_______(原谅)ifheislate，butnotthosewhoaredeliberatelylate.

四、单选题1.Itishighlyimportanttopreventtheenvironmentfrom________.

A.polluting

B.pollutedC.tobepolluted

D.beingpolluted

2.LastSunday,ourschoolheldafive-kilometerrunningrace.Allthestudents_______it.

A.tookpartin

B.joinedC.playedpartin

D.attended3.Afteralongargument,wedidn't________eachother.

A.givein

B.giveupto

C.givewayto

D.giveawayto4.Eatingtoomuchfat________Tom’shealthproblems.

A.ledto

B.ledin

C.resultedto

D.dueto5.Theyallmadeaproposalthatthey________thetaxifair.

A.haveshared

B.shareC.shouldbeshared

D.willshare

6.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbeless___yourworkhome.A.likelybringingB.probablybringing

C.likelytobring

D.possiblytobring

7.WhenIamintrouble,Ialways_______myfriendsforhelp.

A.turnon

B.turntoC.turndown

D.turnin

8.Everyyear40,000peopleattempt________Kilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.A.climb

B.atclimbingC.toclimbing

D.toclimb9.Thearticleiswell________reading,butit'snot________ofbeingtranslated.

A.worth;worthy

B.worthwhile;worthC.worth;worthwhileD.worthy;worth10.Therecomesatime________theeconomyisdevelopingrapidly.A.when

B.than

C.while

D.as11.NotonlyyoubutalsoJudy________toblameforthisaccident.A.are

B.is

C.aregoing

D.isbeing

12.For________informationonhealthyeating,youcanvisitourwebsite.A.farther

B.furtherC.furthestD.farthest13.Youshouldchangetheway_______youtalktoyourparents.A.who

B.which

C.inwhich

D.where14.Weliveinanage_______everyonevaluestimeverymuch.A.that

B.where

C.when

D.which15.Thisisthebestnovel________Ihavee