2022年高三英语试卷摸底联考试题及答案

高三摸底联考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthespeakersbegintohavedinner?A.At5:00pm.B.At6:30pm.C.At7:00pm.2.HowoldisAndynow?A.18yearsold.B.19yearsold.C.21yearsold.3.Whatteamwillthemantryoutfor?A.Thevolleyballteam.B.Theswimmingteam.C.Thebasketballteam4.Whydoesthewomancomplain?A.Themandidn'tkeephispromise.B.TheT-shirtismoreexpensive.C.TheT-shirtisnotwhatshewanted.5.WherewillthespeakersmeetonSunday?A.Atthemanshome.B.Atthetrainstation.C.Attheirschool.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Seethefilm.B.Watchsomething.C.Helpheroperatethesystem.7.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.PressButton7.B.Touchthescreen.C.Listentoaradioconcert.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Takeatour.B.Gethissuitcase.C.Gotothehoteldirectly.9.Howmanypiecesofbaggagedoesthemanhave?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthemostpossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Policemanandwitness.11.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthevisitor?A.Heisverytall.B.Heisalittlethin.C.Hewearsnoglasses.12.Whatdidthemalespeakerdolastnight?A.Heattendedaparty.B.Hedrewapictureforaman.C.Hegotacallfromthevisitor.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题.13.HowlongdidthemanstayinAmerica?A.Tendays.B.Fourteendays.C.Thirtydays.14.WhydidDavidgotoAmerica?A.TostudyEnglish.B.Tovisithisrelatives.C.Totravelaround.15.Howdidthemansschoolgetthemoney?A.Fromabusinessman.B.Fromthegovernment.C.Fromacompany.16.HowwasthemangettingonwithhisEnglishwhenhewasinAmerica?A.Quitewell.B.Justsoso.C.Verybadly.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatwasJacquesCartier?A.Anofficer.B.Anexplorer.C.Ahistorian.18.WhowerethefirsttocolonizeNorthAmerica?A.TheFrench.B.TheSpanish.C.TheBritish.19.WhichisthesecondlargestFrenchspeakingcityworldwidely?A.Quebec.B.Paris.C.Montreal.20.HowdidtheFrenchandEnglishtrytoseparate?A.Byarguing.B.Byfighting.C.Byvoting.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;侮小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D中,选出最佳选项。ATheBoyintheStripedPyjamasThisbooktakesyouthroughwavesofemotionasyoustarttoundcrstdadthemaincharacter,the9-year-oldsonBrunooftheAuschwitzcommandant(（司令官）.TheplottakingplaceduringtheHolocaust（大屠杀）,wewitnessthehorrorfromtheboysviewpoint.whojustwantsfriends.You11beshockedbysomeofthemoresurprisingaspectsofthebookastheboybefriendsoneoftheboysontheothersideofthefence.TheBookThiefThestoryisaboutayounggirlnamedLieselwhohastolivewithfosterparents(养父母）duringWorldWarⅡ.Onthewaytohernewhome.herbotherdies,settingthesadtoneforthestory.Thereishope,however,whenLieseldiscoversherloveforreadingandsharesherstolenbookswithherneighborsduringbombingattacksaswellaswiththeJewishmanhiddeninherbasement.TheFaultinOurStarsThisisprobablythemostlikelybook

tomakeyoucry,asitrecordstheexperiencesofteenswhoarcdyingfromcancerandlivingtheirlastdaysinlove.Theirlifeistragicandjarringatthesametimeaswewatchtheirhealthdeteriorate（恶化）.Therealtragedyisthelovebetweenthemaincharacters,whoknowthatitiscertainto"die".AChildCalled"It"Easilyoneofthesaddeststoriesofabuseinrecentdecades.AhildCalled"It"isbasedonthetruestoryofDavePelzer,aboyfromCaliforniawhosufferedatthehandsofhissadistic(施虐癖的)family,thetearswillconicfrombothsadnessandtheinspirationliedtoDave'sfightforsurvivalinanenvironmentwhereheisconsideredworthless.1.Whichbookisbasicallyaromance?A.TheBookThief. B.AChildCalled“it”C.TheFaultinOurStars. D.TheBoyintheStripedPyjamas.2.Whoisconsideredtohavenogoodqualitiesorusefulskillsinthefamily?A.Liesel'sbrother B.The9-year-oldsonBruno.C.AyounggirlnamedLiesel. D.HavePelzer,aboyfromCalifornia.3.Whatdothefournovelshaveincommon?A.Theyallexposethedarksideofsociety. B.Theyareallemotionallypowerful.C.Theyareallconnectedwithwars. D.Theyallhaveasadending.BA74-year-oldmanispounding(沉重地走)thepavementinthehopeoffindingakidneyforhissickwife.WayneWintersbeganwalkingalongthestreetsnearhishomeinFarrWest,Utahearlythismonthwithasandwichboardcontaininganunusualrequest.“NeedKidneyforWife,"thesignreads.Winters'phonenumberandhiswifeDeanne'sbloodtypearealsoincluded.Deannehasseverekidneyfailureandisinneedofatransplant.Desperatetodosomethingtohelphissickwife,Winterswalksalongthestreetsarmedwithanewsuitnewshoes,andhissignwithapiea(恳请)forakidney.Thoughhedoesn'twalkfast.Winters'unusualmethodoftrackingdownakidneyforDeannehasattractedplentyofattention.Inadditiontothemotoristsandpassers-bywhohaveseenWintersoutwalkingmilesaday,hisrequestforakidneyhasnowhittheInternetandattractedtheattentionofmillionsmorepeople.Winterssaidhewasinspiredtopoundthepavementonbehalfofhiswifeafterseeingastoryonlineaboutanothermanwhodidthesamethingandgotnationalattention.Rushhourishisfavoritetimetowalkupanddownthestreetsbecausedriversaresloweddown.Thoughhehasn'thadanysuccessyet,WintersremainsconfidenthewillfindakidneyforDeanne,andsayshewon’trestuntilhemakesit.WintershasstatedevenafteramatchforDeanneisfound,hewillcontinuetoraiseawarenessaboutkidneydonationbecauseitisnowhisMlifemission".Infact,thebackofhiscurrentsignincludesamessageaimedathelpingothersinneed.Itread,"1,000kidneysareneededinUtahandIdaho."TheNationalKidneyFoundationreportstheaveragewaitforanindividualsfirstkidneytransplantisoverthreeandahalfyears,andcanvarydependingonhealth,compatibility（兼容性）andavailabilityoforgans.Theorganizationalsonotesover3,000newpatientsareaddedtothekidneywaitinglisteachmonth,and13peopledieeachdaywhilewaitingforalife-savingkidneytransplant.4.Whyistheoldmanwalkingalongthestreets?A.Tohelphissickwife. B.Todosomeexercise.C.Tolookforsomethinghehaslost. D.Toappreciatethesightsofthecity.5.WhatencouragedWinterstothinkofwalkingalongthestreets?A.Others'advice. B.Amovingmovie.C.Astoryonline. D.Hisdevotiontohiswife.6.AccordingtoPara.4,howcanwedescribeWinters?A.Optimisticandkind. B.Patientandgenerous.C.Passiveandstubborn. D.Positiveandsuccessful.7.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Akidneytransplantisalife-savingoperation.B.Gettingasuitablekidneyforapatientisnoteasy.C.Newpatientsthatareaddedtothekidneywaitinglist.D.Thesuccessofakidneytransplantdependsonseveralfactors.CThenumberofsnowgeesearrivingintheArcticeachspringtobreedhasrisenoverthepastfewdecades.Atfirst,wildlifebiologistssawthisasanenvironmentalcrisis,pointingtomarshes（沼泽地）whereplantswereeatenbythehungrybirds,andthefederalgovernmentrespondedbylooseningrestrictionsonsnowgoosehuntingacrossthecountry.ButhowdotheInuit（因纽特人），inwhosebackyardthisistakingplace,andforwhomfreshgooseeggsandmeatareamongthepleasureofanArcticspring,viewthesituation?ArecentstudyisbringingInuitwildlifeexpertsandscientiststogethertolookforcommongroundonmanagingthespecies.ThesnowgoosestudyaskedexpertsinCoralHarbourandArviat,onthenorthandwestcoastofHudsonBay,tosharetheirgenerationsofknowledgeaboutsnowgeeseandtheirviewsonwhatshouldbedone.“Thecommunityhadconcernsaboutcontrollingthepopulation,"saysRonNingeongan,acommunityofficerfortheKivalliqInuitAssociationinCoralHarbour,"andInuitsnowgooseknowledgehadneverbeenrecorded.Peoplewantedtopassonwhattheyknew."TheInuitexpertsrejectedtheideaofacull(选择性宰杀），consideringitwastefulofthegeeseandunnecessaryfortheenvironmentingeneral,butfeltthathuntingmoregeeseinanorganizedway—forinstance,payinglocalhuntersaminimumamountofmoneyanddistributingthebirdstodisadvantagedfamiliesoroperatingalimitedcommercialhuntthatwouldemploylocalpeople—wouldbeappropriate.TheInuitsaythatwhiletheremaybetoomanysnowgeeseinsomeareas,it'snotacrisis.Biologistsnowgenerallyagreethatthereseemtobeplentyofundamagedmarshesavailableandnewerresearchshowsthatsomedamagedareascanrecover.Conservationplannersforthethreemigratorybirdreservesintheareawillusethestudy'srecommendations,whichisanexcellentexampleofhowindigenous（土著的）knowledgecanstrengthenwildlifemanagementJohnsonsays.“NowthatwehaverecordedanddocumentedInuitknowledgeofsnowgeese,"saysNingeongan."whenfacingthecrisisagain,otherpeoplewillbeabletousetheinformationtohelpmanagethespecies,whichisfundamentaltodealingwithiteffectively.”8.Whydidthefederalgovernmentloobenrestrictionsonsnowgoosehunting?A.Tocreatemoremarshes. B.Toprotectecosystem.C.Tomakemoreprofits. D.Towipeoutthehungrybirds.9.WhichofthefollowingmightInuitwildlifeexpertsagreeon?A.Regardingtoomanysnowgeeseasacrisis.B.Neverorganizinglarge-scalecommercialhunts.C.Employingpoorfamiliestohuntmoresnowgeese.D.Usingsnowgoosehuntingtoman'sbestadvantage.10.Whatdobiologiststhinkaboutthemarshes'futureatpresent?A.It'sunpredictable. B.It’shardtogetbetter.C.It'stoodiscouraging. D.lt'sabitpromising.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thecrisis. B.Thespecies.C.Inuitknowledge. D.Inuitresearch.DIn1969,whenNeilArmstrongbecamethefirstpersontowalkonthemoon.theastronomicalbodywasforChinesejustaglowingorb（圆形物）overheadtostareatandmuseabout.Now,fiftyyearslater,Chinahasbecomethefirstnationtolandaroboticspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.AstheworldcelebratesthehistoricUSmoonlandingonJuly20,1969,Chineselunarexplorerssaidtheirmoonexplorationprogram,includingplansforaroboticlunarresearchstationprototype（原型）by2030topreparemannedmissions,isopentointernationalcooperation.Thelunarresearchstationwillbecomeabaseforastronautstovisitbrieflyandultimatelyforalong-termstay,accordingtoLiChunlai,directoroftheGroundResearchandApplicationSystemoftheChineseLunarExplorationProject,andthreeofhiscolleagues."InternationalcooperationisanimportantelementinChina'sstrategyoflunaranddeepspaceexploration,"theywroteinanarticlepublishedonFridayinaspecialissueoftheUSjournalSciencetomarktheanniversaryoftheApollo11moonlanding.In2004,Chinaunveiledathree-phaseroboticlunarexplorationprogram—orbiting,landingandreturning-namingittheChangeProject.Fourmissionswereconductedbetween2007and2019,withChange-4deploying（部署）alanderandtheYutu-2roveronthesurfaceofthefarsideofthemooninearlyJanuary.Thefifthmission,scheduledforearlynextyear.istoreturnrockstoEarthfromalunarareathathasnotyetbeensampled（取样），accordingtothearticlesauthors.TheauthorswrotethatChinaisopentocooperationwithNASAonlunarexploration."Bothsidescanstartcooperatingonaspectssuchasexchangeofscientificdataandspacesituationalawarenessinformation,"thearticlesaid."ChinaalsolooksforwardtoexploringmoreopportunitiestocooperatewithNASAtopreservethespaceenvironmentforgenerationstocome.”Already,China'slatestlunarmissionChange-4hascarriedoutexperimentsfromGermany,SwedenandtheNetherlands（荷兰),itsaid.InApril,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationannouncedcooperationopportunitiesforChinassixthlunarmissionanditsasteroid（小行星）explorationmission.ItalsosignedlunarexplorationcooperationagreementswiththeUnitedNationsOfficeforOuterSpaceAffairs.Turkey,EthiopiaandPakistan.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"museabout"inPara.Imean?A.Worryabout. B.Complainabout.C.Doubtabout. D.Thinkabout.13.WhatisChina'sfifthlunarmission?A.Toexploretheasteroidsofthemoon.B.Tobringrockstotheearthfromthemoon.CTobuildaroboticresearchstationprototype.D.TocarryoutexperimentsfromGermany,SwedenandtheNetherlands・14.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Chinahasn'tdecidedwhethertoexploremoreopportunitiestocooperatewithNASA.B.ChinasignedlunarexplorationcooperationagreementswithTurkey,IndiaandPakistan.C.China'slatestlunarmissionChang'e-4hasdoneexperimentsfromsomeEuropeancountriess.D.Chang'e-4deployedalanderandtheYutu-2roveronthesurfaceofthenearsideofthemooninearlyJanuary.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.ChinainvitesnationstojoininmoonexplorationB.TheworldcelebratesthehistoricUSmoonlandingC.China'spresentandfuturelunarexplorationprogramsD.Chinaunveilsathree-phaseroboticlunarexplorationprogram第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.Theconflictinthefamilycanaffecteveryone'sfunctioning.Remembertohandleyourfamilyproblemsusingthefollowingproblem-solvingskills.Scheduleatimetotalkasagroup.Facingandovercomingfamilyproblemscanseemimpossible.Whenyouworktogether,however,resolvingfamilydifferencesbecomesmorefeasible.______16______Makeeveryoneawareofthepurposeofthemeetingandthatyouwantthemtoarriveatsuggestionsandsolutionsattheready.______17______Whendisagreementsoccur,peoplehaveatendencytobringupeveryunresolvedissuetheyhaveeverencounteredwiththeotherparties.Strivetouncoverwhatisactuallyimportantaboutthecurrentproblem.Buildingacaseorbringingupoldmisdeedswillnotassistyouinresolvingthisissue.______18______Directcommunicationisessentialtoeffectiveconflictresolution.Eachpartyshouldusethe"I"statementtoclearlystatetheirneeds,wants,andconcerns.Makingan"I"statementallowseachpersontoberesponsibleforwhattheyarefeeling,andsuggestsaremedyfortheproblematthesametime.Listenwithoutinterrupting.Toreachanagreementduringafamilyconflict,listeningisimperative.______19______Effectivelisteningallowstheotherpersonstofeelheardandmotivatestheotherpartiestowanttolistentoyou.Decideonasolutiontogether.Onceeveryonehassharedtheirneeds,wants,andconcerns,thenstriveforacompromise.______20______Everyonepresentshouldfeelgoodabouttheproposedsolution.Ifnecessary,developacontractorawrittenagreementoutlininghowyouwillmanagetheproblem.ASeekprofessionaladvice.B.Focusontheissueathand.C.Haveeveryonestatewhattheytrulymean.D.Beawareofhowdifferentfamilymembersmayreacttoproblems.EHaveameetingatatimethatismostlyconvenientforeveryone.F.Considerallthesuggestionsthateachpartyhasprovidedandlookformiddleground.G.Onlybyactivelylisteningtoeachpartycanyouunderstandwhatheistryingtocommunicate.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题,每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中•选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.Oneday,mymotherfoundabald（光秃的）spotonthebackofmyheadandshelookedworried.ButIdidn'ttakeit____21____"Itwillgoback/'Ithought."____22____I'ma17-yearoldteenager,I'mfinallyallowedtogrowmyhair.”Atfirst,thelosswasverysmall.Afewweekslater,Ifoundthatthespotwasahttle____23____,Ibegantoworry.Asthedayswentby,myhairstartedto____24____fasterandinlargerquantities.Ibeganusingmyremaininghairasa____25____forthebaldareas.Finally,Inolongerhadenoughhairtohidethe____26____areas.SoIturnedtowigs(假发).AtthatpointIstillhadsomehairabovemycarssoI____27____ittothewig'shairs,tryingtomakethehairpiece(假发)look____28____Iwenttoadoctoraswell.Buthistreatmentdidn't____29____much.IfoundthereWasstillno____30____ofmyhair’sgrowingback.Iwas____31____totellmyfriendsaboutit,becauseIdidn'tknowhowtheywould____32____theintormation.Whatifthey____33____me,anddidn'tIwanttobemyfriendsanymore?Slowlyand____34____,Itoldthemwhatwashappening.Tomy____35____.theyallseemedtotakeit.Icameto____36____whathappenedwasnotsomethingthatIshouldbe____37____of.IlearnedthatIshouldnotletthisconditionhaveanyinfluenceonmy____38____ofself-worth.Beingbalddoesn't____39____whoIam,andifIdon'tletitaffectmyselfidentity,thenotherpeoplearemuchmorelikelyto____40____measIam,too.21.A.seriously B.personally C.securely D.differently22.A.Eventhough B.Ifonly C.Incase D.Nowthat23.A.darker B.larger C.deeper D.smaller24.A.giveout B.runout C.fallout D.workout25.A.cover B.cure C.shelter D.substitute26.A.flat B.empty C.plain D.smooth27.A.related B.subjected C.fixed D.added28.A.special B.natural C.fashionable D.appropriate29.A.help B.care C.cost D.mean30.A.image B.scene C.vision D.sign31.A.confused B.scared C.annoyed D.frustrated32.A.handle B.analyze C.spread D.introduce33.A.turnedto B.livedupto C.putupwith D.laughedat34.A.firmly B.intentionally C.hesitantly D.clearly35.A.regret B.surprise C.amuserment D.sadness36.A.promise B.realize C.remember D.declare37.A.sceptical B.certain C.tired D.ashamed38.A.sense B.wisdom C.pressure D.guidance39.A.tolerate B.suspect C.change D.inform40A.accept B.accompany C.avoid D.acknowledge第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)Everthoughtaboutrunningalemonadestandtomakemoney?Sixth-graderJamariaCrumphas.Shehasbeenvery_____41_____(success)init,too.Ittookthe11-year-oldoneyeartobuildherlemonadestandtoearnmoneyforthoseinneed.Herbusiness,LemonTopia,isahil,whichherteachersaidwassurprising.Shewaspraisedforit.Shemakespies,cakesandcookiesbesideslemonade.Jamiaria_____42_____(build)LemonTopiaherselfwith_____43_____helpofhermother.“Imateacherandhadnotimetohelpheratfirst.SoshebeggedforalemonadestandforayearortwobeforeIletherdoit,"saidJasmineHall,Jamaria'smother.Jamaria'sschoolmadean_____44_____(announce)thatitwouldholdahakingsalein2017,_____45_____wastheperfectchancetotryoutJamaria'splanforalemonadestand.Afterthebakingsale,shekeptsellingatschoolandcommunityevents,Nowshehasherownbusinessatastreetmarket.HallsaysJamariadoesnotlikethecleaningup."Sheismade_____46_____(wash)allofherowndishes.Itrytopersuadehertodothat_____47_____(constant),"Hallsaid.Thelemonadebusinesscanhave_____48_____(it)upsanddowns.I'mveryproudofherforstickingwithit,”saidHall.ShewonderedifJamariawouldgetboredandstop.Butthathasnothappened.Infact,JamariawishestostudyinParisandconsiders_____49_____(become)adessertcook.Fornow,she'llbakeandsellhergoods.SheisturningLemonIopia_____50_____astrongstarlingpointforasweetfuturetohelpothers.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.増加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写上该加的词.删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉.修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词.注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词）2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分.FourmonthsagoIamwalkingonthecampuswhenIheardtwostudentssayingthatMrs.Wu,whomhadbeenteachingusEnglishfortwoyears,wouldretirethenextmonth.Ireturnedtotheclassroomandsharedthenewsformyclassmates.ToexpressourthankstoMrs.Wuforherpatientteaching,weagreedonacelebrateafteraheateddiscussion.Afterschoolwebegantomakefullypreparations.Iwenttotheflowershop,whereIboughtabunchofflowers.representsourloveandrespectforourdearteacher.OneofmyclassmateshadsomePowerPiontslidesmake,whichincludedanumberofphotorecordingthetouchingmomentswespenttogether.WhenshecameintotheclassroomonWednesdaymorning,andallofusstoodup.Ipresentedtheflowerstoher.Withtearsinhereyes.Mrs.Wugreatlymovedbywhatwedid!Shesaidherfeelingswerebeyondwords.第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假设你是高三学生李华,你需要设计一份英语俱乐部招收新成员的海报。你想请外籍教帅Mr.Brown帮助策划。请根据提示,用英语给Mr.Brown写一封电子邮件,向他寻求帮助,要点如下：1.设计海报的目的；2.为何要求助请Mr.Brown帮助设计海报；3.为何希望得到他的指导——Mr.Brown按长设计海报,并且有这方面的经验；4.感谢他的帮助。注意.1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高三摸底联考参考答案第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;侮小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D中,选出最佳选项。A【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】这是一则广告。文章介绍了四部小说。这四部小说在阐述情感上都很强大。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据左边下面的表格中的“...teenswhoaredyingfromcancerandlivingtheirlastdaysinlove”和“Therealtragedyisthelovebetweenthemaincharacters”可知，TheFaultinOurStars基本上是一部爱情小说的书。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据右边下面的表格中的“...inanenvironmentwhereheisconsideredworthless”可知，HavePelzer，一个来自加利福尼亚的男孩被认为在家庭中没有好的品质或有用的技能。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一本小说中的“wavesofemotion”；第二本小说中的“herbotherdies,settingthesadtoneforthestory”；第三本小说中的“Thisisprobablythemostlikelybooktomakeyoucry”和最后一本小说中的“Thetearswillcomefrombothsadnessandtheinspiration”可知，这四部小说在阐述情感上都很强大。故选B项。B【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。一个叫温特斯的老人在大街上散步，为生病的妻子寻找肾源，并且他还打算为别人寻找肾源。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“A74-year-oldmanispoundingthepavementinthehopeoffindingakidneyforhissickwife”可知，那个老人在街上颠簸是为了帮助他生病的妻子寻找肾源。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Winterssaidhewasinspiredtopoundthepavementonbehalfofhiswifeafterseeingastoryonlineaboutanothermanwhodidthesamethingandgotnationalattention”可知，其他人的建议鼓励温特斯考虑沿着街道散步。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的关键词“confident”可知，他是一个很乐观的人，下文提到他还打算为别人寻找肾源，又可推知他是非常善良的。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中提到换肾一般需要等待的时间，条件以及需要换肾的人越来越多。故选B项。C【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍猎获雪雁所给生态系统带来的危机以及因纽特人是如何加强野生动物管理的。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“wildlifebiologistssawthisasanenvironmentalcrisis,pointingtomarsheswhereplantswereeatenbythehungrybirds,andthefederalgovernmentrespondedbylooseningrestrictionsonsnowgoosehunting”“”野生动物生物学家认为这是一场环境危机，他们指出沼泽地里的植物被饥饿的鸟类吃掉了，联邦政府对此的反应是放松对猎雪鹅的限制可知，联邦政府要限制猎雪雁是为了保护生态系统。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“huntingmoregeeseinanorganizedway—forinstance,payinglocalhuntersaminimumamountofmoneyanddistributingthebirdstodisadvantagedfamiliesoroperatingalimitedcommercialhuntthatwouldemploylocalpeople—wouldbeappropriate”“以一种有组织的方式来猎杀更多的雪雁——例如，付给当地猎人最少的钱，并将这些雪雁分配给贫困家庭，或者通过雇佣当地居民来进行有限的商业捕猎——都是合适的”可知，因纽特野生动物专家会同意“利用雪雁狩猎为人类带来最大的好处。”故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Biologistsnowgenerallyagreethatthereseemtobeplentyofundamagedmarshesavailableandnewerresearchshowsthatsomedamagedareascanrecover”“生物学家现在普遍认为，似乎有大量未受损害的沼泽可以利用，最新的研究表明，一些受损地区可以恢复”。可知，目前生物学家认为沼泽的未来有点希望。故选D项。【11题详解】代词指示题。根据文章首段中的“asanenvironmentalcrisis”，“作为一场环境危机”画线词it所在句子中提到的“whenfacingthecrisis”，“当面临危机时”。再结合该词前的dealingwith，“处理”。可知，it指代的是“危机”。故选A项。【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。本题第4小题，根据文章首段中的“asanenvironmentalcrisis”，画线词it所在句子中提到的“whenfacingthecrisis”，再结合该词前的dealingwith，可知，it指代的是“危机”。故选A项。D【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。中国的第五次探月任务是“把岩石从月球带到地球。”中国最新的探月任务嫦娥四号已经完成了一些欧洲国家的实验。中国将邀请各国参与月球探索。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“theastronomicalbodywasforChinesejustaglowingorb(圆形物）overheadtostareat”“对中国人来说，天体只是头顶上一个发光的球体”。结合上下文，可知该词组是“沉思”的意思。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thefifthmission,scheduledforearlynextyear,istoreturnrockstoEarthfromalunarareathathasnotyetbeensampled(取样),accordingtothearticle’sauthors”可知，中国的第五次探月任务是“把岩石从月球带到地球。”故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Already,China'slatestlunarmissionChange-4hascarriedoutexperimentsfromGermany,SwedenandtheNetherlands（荷兰),itsaid.可知，中国最新的探月任务嫦娥四号已经完成了一些欧洲国家的实验。故选C项。【15题详解】标题判断题。根据全文，如第二段中的“Chineselunarexplorerssaidtheirmoonexplorationprogram,includingplansforaroboticlunarresearchstationprototypeby2030topreparemannedmissions,isopentointernationalcooperation”“中国探月者表示，他们的探月计划，包括到2030年建立无人月球研究站原型，以准备载人任务，是开放的国际合作”。可知，中国邀请各国参与月球探索。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。家庭中的冲突会影响每个人的正常生活，文章主要就如何处理家庭问题提出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文Whenyouworktogether,however,resolvingfamilydifferencesbecomesmorefeasible.可知然而，当你们一起工作时，解决家庭分歧变得更加可行。后文Makeeveryoneawareofthepurposeofthemeetingandthatyouwantthemtoarriveatsuggestionsandsolutionsattheready.可知让每个人都知道会议的目的，你希望他们能随时提出建议和解决方案。由此可知，上文提到了当每个人在一起时，解决分歧会更加可行，可推知本句是说明选择每个人都方便的时间开会，将大家聚集到一起解决问题。故E选项“在每个人都方便的时间开会”符合上下文语境，故选E。【17题详解】本句为本段的中心句，根据后文中Strivetouncoverwhatisactuallyimportantaboutthecurrentproblem.可知努力发现当前问题中真正重要的是什么。由此可知，本段主要说明的是要专注目前手头上的问题。故B选项“专注于手头的问题”符合上下文语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据后文Directcommunicationisessentialtoeffectiveconflictresolution.Eachpartyshouldusethe"I"statementtoclearlystatetheirneeds,wants,andconcerns.Makingan"I"statementallowseachpersontoberesponsibleforwhattheyarefeeling,andsuggestsaremedyfortheproblematthesametime.可知直接沟通对于有效解决冲突至关重要。每一方都应该使用“我”来清楚地陈述他们的需要、想要和关注。说出“我”可以让每个人对自己的感受负责，同时提出解决问题的建议。由此可知，本段主要说明了要让每个人陈述自己的意思，这一可以让每个人对自己的感受负责，同时提出解决问题的建议。故C选项“让