消息队列:Pulsar:Pulsar的持久化与可靠性机制_第1页
消息队列:Pulsar:Pulsar的持久化与可靠性机制_第2页
消息队列:Pulsar:Pulsar的持久化与可靠性机制_第3页
消息队列:Pulsar:Pulsar的持久化与可靠性机制_第4页
消息队列:Pulsar:Pulsar的持久化与可靠性机制_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩18页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

消息队列:Pulsar:Pulsar的持久化与可靠性机制1消息队列:Pulsar:Pulsar的持久化与可靠性机制1.1Pulsar简介与架构1.1.1Pulsar的架构概述ApachePulsar是一个分布式消息队列,它提供了消息的发布与订阅功能,同时保证了消息的持久性和可靠性。Pulsar的架构设计主要由以下几个组件构成:Broker:负责处理客户端的请求,如发布、订阅消息等。ZooKeeper:用于存储集群的元数据信息,如Broker的列表、Topic的元数据等。BookKeeper:Pulsar的核心存储组件,负责持久化消息数据,保证数据的高可用性和持久性。FunctionWorker:用于执行流处理函数,可以将消息队列与流处理引擎结合使用。PulsarManager:提供了一个用户界面,用于管理Pulsar集群。Pulsar的架构设计使得它能够支持大规模的消息处理,同时保证了消息的持久性和可靠性,即使在节点故障的情况下,也能保证消息不会丢失。1.1.2消息持久化的重要性在分布式系统中,消息队列是连接不同服务的重要桥梁。消息的持久化和可靠性是消息队列的核心特性,主要体现在以下几个方面:防止数据丢失:持久化可以确保即使在系统故障或崩溃的情况下,消息也不会丢失。保证消息顺序:持久化可以保证消息的顺序,这对于某些业务场景非常重要。支持消息重试:持久化可以支持消息的重试机制,当消息处理失败时,可以从存储中重新读取消息进行处理。提供消息审计:持久化可以提供消息审计的能力,对于故障排查和业务审计非常有帮助。1.2Pulsar的持久化与可靠性机制1.2.1持久化机制Pulsar使用BookKeeper作为其消息存储组件,BookKeeper是一个分布式日志系统,它将数据分散存储在多个节点上,通过副本机制保证数据的高可用性和持久性。BookKeeper的存储模型BookKeeper的存储模型基于Ledger和Entry。一个Ledger是一个日志,它由一系列的Entry组成。每个Entry是一个消息,它被存储在多个Bookie(BookKeeper的存储节点)上,形成一个副本集。BookKeeper的副本机制BookKeeper使用副本机制来保证数据的高可用性和持久性。每个Ledger的每个Entry都会被复制到多个Bookie上,形成一个副本集。当一个Bookie故障时,可以通过其他Bookie上的副本恢复数据。BookKeeper的持久化流程消息写入:当一个消息被写入Pulsar时,Broker会将消息封装成一个Entry,然后将Entry写入BookKeeper的Ledger中。副本确认:BookKeeper会将Entry复制到多个Bookie上,当所有Bookie都确认接收到Entry后,BookKeeper会向Broker发送确认消息。消息持久化:当Broker收到BookKeeper的确认消息后,消息就被认为是持久化的,可以被客户端消费。1.2.2可靠性机制Pulsar的可靠性机制主要体现在以下几个方面:消息确认在Pulsar中,当一个消息被写入Broker后,Broker会等待BookKeeper的确认消息,只有当所有Bookie都确认接收到消息后,Broker才会向客户端发送确认消息,这保证了消息的持久化。消息重试在Pulsar中,当一个消息处理失败时,可以通过消息重试机制重新处理消息。消息重试机制可以通过设置消息的重试次数和重试间隔来实现。消息审计在Pulsar中,所有的消息都会被持久化,这提供了消息审计的能力。可以通过查询BookKeeper的Ledger来查看消息的详细信息,这对于故障排查和业务审计非常有帮助。故障恢复在Pulsar中,当一个Broker或Bookie故障时,可以通过ZooKeeper的元数据信息和BookKeeper的副本机制恢复数据。ZooKeeper会检测到故障的Broker或Bookie,然后将请求重定向到其他可用的Broker或Bookie上。1.2.3示例:消息持久化以下是一个使用JavaAPI将消息写入Pulsar并持久化的示例:importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.PulsarClient;

importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.PulsarClientException;

importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.Producer;

importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.MessageId;

publicclassMessagePersistenceExample{

publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsPulsarClientException{

//创建Pulsar客户端

PulsarClientclient=PulsarClient.builder().serviceUrl("pulsar://localhost:6650").build();

//创建消息生产者

Producer<String>producer=client.newProducer().topic("persistent://sample/standalone/ns/my-topic").create();

//发布消息

MessageIdmessageId=producer.send("Hello,Pulsar!");

//关闭生产者和客户端

producer.close();

client.close();

}

}在这个示例中,我们首先创建了一个Pulsar客户端,然后创建了一个消息生产者,将消息发布到一个持久化的Topic上。当消息被成功写入并持久化后,send方法会返回一个MessageId,这表示消息已经被成功持久化。1.2.4示例:消息重试以下是一个使用JavaAPI设置消息重试的示例:importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.PulsarClient;

importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.PulsarClientException;

importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.Consumer;

importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.Message;

importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.ConsumerType;

publicclassMessageRetryExample{

publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsPulsarClientException{

//创建Pulsar客户端

PulsarClientclient=PulsarClient.builder().serviceUrl("pulsar://localhost:6650").build();

//创建消息消费者

Consumer<String>consumer=client.newConsumer().topic("persistent://sample/standalone/ns/my-topic").subscriptionName("my-subscription").consumerType(ConsumerType.Failover).subscribe();

//消费消息

Message<String>message=consumer.receive();

try{

//处理消息

System.out.println("Receivedmessage:"+message.getValue());

//如果消息处理失败,可以调用redeliverLater方法重新发送消息

consumer.redeliverLater(message,1000);

}finally{

//确认消息

consumer.acknowledge(message);

//关闭消费者和客户端

consumer.close();

client.close();

}

}

}在这个示例中,我们首先创建了一个Pulsar客户端,然后创建了一个消息消费者,订阅了一个持久化的Topic。当消息被消费后,如果消息处理失败,可以调用redeliverLater方法重新发送消息,这实现了消息的重试机制。1.3结论Pulsar的持久化和可靠性机制是其核心特性,它通过BookKeeper的存储模型和副本机制保证了数据的持久性和高可用性,通过消息确认、消息重试和消息审计等机制保证了消息的可靠性。这些机制使得Pulsar能够支持大规模的消息处理,同时保证了消息的持久性和可靠性。2消息持久化机制2.1BookKeeper在Pulsar中的角色BookKeeper是ApachePulsar消息队列中用于实现消息持久化的核心组件。它是一个分布式日志系统,设计用于高可用性和高吞吐量的场景。在Pulsar中,BookKeeper负责存储所有消息数据,确保即使在节点故障的情况下,消息也不会丢失。2.1.1原理BookKeeper通过将数据分散存储在多个Bookie(BookKeeper的存储节点)上来实现数据的持久化和高可用性。每个Bookie都是一个独立的存储节点,它们共同组成一个集群。当一个消息被发送到Pulsar时,Pulsar会将消息写入BookKeeper的Ledger中。Ledger是一个逻辑上的日志,它由多个Entry组成,每个Entry代表一个消息或消息的一部分。为了保证数据的可靠性,BookKeeper使用了复制机制。每个Ledger的Entry都会被复制到多个Bookie上,通常至少三个副本。这样,即使部分Bookie发生故障,数据仍然可以被恢复。BookKeeper还使用了Quorum机制来决定数据的写入和读取,确保数据的一致性和可用性。2.1.2代码示例在Pulsar中,使用BookKeeper进行消息持久化的代码通常在Pulsar的Broker和BookKeeper的客户端中实现。以下是一个简化的BookKeeper客户端代码示例,用于创建Ledger并写入数据://导入BookKeeper客户端库

importorg.apache.bookkeeper.client.BookKeeper;

importorg.apache.bookkeeper.client.LedgerHandle;

importorg.apache.bookkeeper.client.LedgerEntry;

//创建BookKeeper客户端

BookKeeperbk=BookKeeper.create(newBookKeeper.ClientConfig()

.setZkServers("localhost:2181")

.setBookieClientThreads(10));

//创建Ledger

LedgerHandlelh=bk.createLedger(3,3,3,newDigestType(),newbyte[16]);

//写入数据

byte[]data="Hello,Pulsar!".getBytes();

lh.addEntry(data);

//关闭LedgerHandle

lh.close();在这个例子中,我们首先创建了一个BookKeeper客户端,然后使用该客户端创建了一个Ledger,其中参数3分别表示了写入Quorum、读取Quorum和副本的数量。接着,我们向Ledger中写入了一条消息,最后关闭了LedgerHandle。2.2消息日志的存储与管理在Pulsar中,消息日志的存储与管理是通过BookKeeper的Ledger和Entry来实现的。每个Topic的消息都会被存储在一个或多个Ledger中,而每个Ledger又由多个Entry组成。Pulsar的Broker负责管理这些Ledger和Entry,确保消息的正确存储和检索。2.2.1原理Pulsar的Broker在接收到消息后,会将消息写入BookKeeper的Ledger中。为了提高存储效率和减少写入延迟,Pulsar使用了预分配的Ledger机制。这意味着Broker会预先创建Ledger,并在需要时将消息写入这些Ledger中,而不是在每次写入消息时都创建新的Ledger。此外,Pulsar还使用了Ledger的分片机制来管理大量的消息。当一个Ledger的大小达到一定阈值时,Broker会创建一个新的Ledger,并将后续的消息写入新的Ledger中。这样,即使一个Ledger变得非常大,也不会影响到消息的读取性能。2.2.2代码示例在Pulsar的Broker中,管理Ledger和Entry的代码通常涉及到Ledger的创建、写入、读取和删除。以下是一个简化的代码示例,展示了如何在Broker中创建Ledger并写入消息://导入PulsarBroker和BookKeeper相关库

importorg.apache.pulsar.broker.service.persistent.PersistentTopic;

importorg.apache.bookkeeper.client.BookKeeper;

importorg.apache.bookkeeper.client.LedgerHandle;

importorg.apache.bookkeeper.client.LedgerEntry;

//创建PersistentTopic实例

PersistentTopictopic=newPersistentTopic("persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-topic",brokerService);

//创建BookKeeper客户端

BookKeeperbk=BookKeeper.create(newBookKeeper.ClientConfig()

.setZkServers("localhost:2181")

.setBookieClientThreads(10));

//通过Broker创建Ledger

LedgerHandlelh=topic.createLedger(3,3,3,newDigestType(),newbyte[16]);

//写入数据

byte[]data="Hello,Pulsar!".getBytes();

lh.addEntry(data);

//关闭LedgerHandle

lh.close();在这个例子中,我们首先创建了一个PersistentTopic实例,然后通过该实例创建了一个BookKeeper客户端。接着,我们使用Broker创建了一个Ledger,并向Ledger中写入了一条消息。最后,我们关闭了LedgerHandle。2.2.3结论通过上述原理和代码示例的介绍,我们可以看到,ApachePulsar通过BookKeeper实现了消息的持久化和高可用性。BookKeeper的Ledger和Entry机制,以及预分配和分片策略,确保了Pulsar在处理大量消息时的存储效率和性能。这对于构建可靠和高性能的消息队列系统至关重要。3消息队列:Pulsar:可靠性保障3.1消息的重复处理与幂等性在分布式系统中,消息队列如ApachePulsar扮演着关键角色,确保消息的可靠传输和处理。其中,消息的重复处理与幂等性是保证系统稳定性和数据一致性的重要机制。幂等性原则确保即使消息被重复处理,系统状态也不会发生改变,这对于处理事务性和非事务性消息至关重要。3.1.1幂等性设计在Pulsar中,实现幂等性通常依赖于消息的唯一标识和状态存储。例如,如果一个消息被标记为已处理,那么即使该消息再次被发送到队列中,系统也会忽略它,避免重复处理。示例代码假设我们有一个订单处理服务,需要确保每个订单只被处理一次。我们可以使用以下伪代码来实现这一功能:#导入必要的库

importpulsar

frompulsar.schemaimport*

#创建Pulsar客户端

client=pulsar.Client('pulsar://localhost:6650')

#创建消费者

consumer=client.subscribe('persistent://sample/standalone/ns/my-topic',

'my-subscription',

consumer_type=ConsumerType.Exclusive,

message_listener=lambdamsg:process_order(msg.data(),msg))

#订单处理函数

defprocess_order(order_data,msg):

order_id=extract_order_id(order_data)

ifis_order_processed(order_id):

#如果订单已处理,确认消息

msg.ack()

else:

#处理订单逻辑

process_logic(order_data)

#更新订单状态为已处理

update_order_status(order_id,'processed')

#确认消息

msg.ack()

#提取订单ID

defextract_order_id(data):

#假设数据格式为JSON,解析并返回订单ID

order=json.loads(data)

returnorder['id']

#检查订单是否已处理

defis_order_processed(order_id):

#从数据库或缓存中查询订单状态

returnget_order_status(order_id)=='processed'

#更新订单状态

defupdate_order_status(order_id,status):

#更新数据库或缓存中的订单状态

set_order_status(order_id,status)3.1.2解释上述代码中,我们定义了一个订单处理服务,它订阅了Pulsar中的一个主题。当接收到消息时,process_order函数首先检查订单是否已经被处理过。如果订单已处理,它会直接确认消息,避免重复处理。如果订单未处理,它会执行处理逻辑,更新订单状态,并确认消息。3.2消息的持久化与恢复Pulsar通过将消息持久化到磁盘,确保即使在节点故障的情况下,消息也不会丢失。此外,Pulsar提供了消息恢复机制,允许消费者在断线后重新连接并继续处理消息。3.2.1持久化机制Pulsar使用分层存储架构,将消息首先写入内存,然后异步地持久化到磁盘。这种设计确保了高吞吐量和低延迟,同时也提供了数据持久性。3.2.2恢复机制当消费者断线后,Pulsar会保留未确认的消息,直到消费者重新连接并请求恢复。消费者可以设置为从最新消息开始处理,或者从断线时的最后位置开始处理,这取决于订阅模式。示例代码下面的代码示例展示了如何在Pulsar中实现消息的恢复处理:#创建Pulsar客户端

client=pulsar.Client('pulsar://localhost:6650')

#创建消费者,设置为从断点恢复

consumer=client.subscribe('persistent://sample/standalone/ns/my-topic',

'my-subscription',

consumer_type=ConsumerType.Failover,

receiver_queue_size=1000,

max_total_receiver_queue_size_across_partitions=5000)

#消费者循环处理消息

whileTrue:

try:

#接收消息

msg=consumer.receive()

#处理消息

process_message(msg.data())

#确认消息

consumer.acknowledge(msg)

exceptExceptionase:

#如果发生错误,记录并重新抛出

print(f"Erroroccurred:{e}")

consumer.negative_acknowledge(msg)

finally:

#如果消费者断线,自动恢复

consumer.redeliver_unacknowledged_messages()3.2.3解释在上述代码中,我们创建了一个Pulsar消费者,它被配置为从断点恢复。消费者在一个无限循环中接收消息,处理消息,并确认消息。如果在处理过程中发生错误,消费者会记录错误并拒绝确认消息,这将导致Pulsar重新发送该消息。此外,consumer.redeliver_unacknowledged_messages()确保在消费者断线后,未确认的消息会被重新发送,从而实现消息的恢复处理。通过这些机制,Pulsar能够提供强大的持久化和可靠性保障,使它成为构建高可用和分布式系统时的首选消息队列服务。4高级持久化特性4.1消息分片与负载均衡在Pulsar中,消息分片(MessageSharding)和负载均衡(LoadBalancing)是确保消息持久化和系统高可用性的关键机制。Pulsar通过将消息分布到多个分片(Shard)上来实现水平扩展,每个分片可以独立存储和处理消息,从而提高系统的整体吞吐量和持久化能力。4.1.1消息分片Pulsar的分片机制基于主题(Topic)进行。一个主题可以被划分为多个分片,每个分片独立存储消息。这种设计允许Pulsar在多个节点上并行处理消息,从而提高消息处理速度和系统吞吐量。例如,一个高流量的主题可以被划分为10个分片,每个分片在不同的Broker节点上运行,这样即使单个节点出现故障,其他分片仍然可以继续提供服务,确保消息的持久性和可靠性。4.1.2负载均衡Pulsar的负载均衡机制确保了系统的资源被合理分配,避免了热点问题。当一个Broker节点的负载过高时,Pulsar可以自动将部分主题的分片迁移到负载较低的节点,以平衡整个集群的资源使用。这种动态调整能力是Pulsar高可用性和持久化特性的基石。4.2数据压缩与优化数据压缩是Pulsar提高存储效率和网络传输效率的重要手段。通过压缩消息数据,Pulsar可以减少存储空间的使用,同时降低网络带宽的消耗,这对于处理大量数据的场景尤为重要。4.2.1数据压缩Pulsar支持多种压缩算法,包括LZ4、ZLib和ZSTD等。在消息存储和传输过程中,Pulsar可以根据配置自动选择合适的压缩算法。例如,使用ZSTD算法可以实现较高的压缩比,但同时也会消耗更多的CPU资源。在实际应用中,需要根据系统的具体需求和资源状况来选择最合适的压缩算法。示例代码//创建一个Producer,使用ZSTD压缩算法

ProducerBuilder<byte[]>producerBuilder=client.newProducer()

.topic("persistent://my-property/use/my-ns/my-topic")

.compressionType(CompressionType.ZSTD);

Producer<byte[]>producer=producerBuilder.create();

//发送消息

byte[]message="Hello,Pulsar!".getBytes();

producer.send(message);在上述代码中,我们创建了一个使用ZSTD压缩算法的Producer,然后发送了一条消息。Pulsar会自动将消息压缩后再存储和传输,从而节省存储空间和网络带宽。4.2.2数据优化除了压缩,Pulsar还通过多种方式优化数据存储和处理,包括:分层存储(TieredStorage):Pulsar支持将数据存储在不同层级的存储介质上,如将热数据存储在SSD上,冷数据存储在HDD或云存储上,以实现成本和性能的平衡。消息索引(MessageIndexing):Pulsar提供了消息索引功能,允许消费者通过消息ID或发布时间等属性快速定位和检索消息,提高了消息检索的效率。消息缓存(MessageCaching):Pulsar在Broker节点上缓存最近的消息,以减少对持久化存储的访问,提高消息处理速度。分层存储示例#在Pulsar的Broker配置文件中设置分层存储

brokerDeleteInactiveTopicsEnabled=false

brokerEntryMaxAge=24h

brokerEntryMaxAgeGracePeriod=1h

brokerEntryMaxAgeGracePeriodEnabled=true

brokerEntryMaxAgePolicy=delete

brokerEntryMaxSize=1048576

brokerMaxMessageSize=104857600

brokerNumIOThreads=16

brokerNumNettyIOThreads=16

brokerNumNettyNonBlockingIOThreads=16

brokerNumNonBlockingIOThreads=16

brokerNumWorkerThreads=16

brokerServicePort=6650

brokerServicePortTls=6651

brokerShutdownTimeoutMs=30000

brokerShutdownTimeoutTickDurationMs=1000

brokerTickDurationMs=1000

brokerWebServicePort=8080

brokerWebServicePortTls=8443

cluster=standalone

dataLogDirectory=/pulsar/data/log

dataRootDir=/pulsar/data

deletePolicies={}

deleteReplicationBacklog=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThreshold=10485760

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindow=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriod=1h

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsGracePeriodEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicy=delete

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsPolicyEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMs=1000

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTimeWindowTickDurationMsTickDurationMsEnabled=false

deleteReplicationBacklogThresholdTime

#可靠性机制深入

##自动故障转移与恢复

在分布式系统中,故障是不可避免的。ApachePulsar通过自动故障转移和恢复机制确保了系统的高可用性和消息的可靠性。这一机制主要依赖于Pulsar的Broker和ZooKeeper的紧密集成。

###自动故障转移

当Pulsar的Broker发生故障时,ZooKeeper会检测到这一变化,并触发故障转移流程。这一流程包括以下步骤:

1.**检测故障**:ZooKeeper监控所有Broker的状态,一旦某个Broker不再响应,ZooKeeper会将其标记为不可用。

2.**重新分配Topic**:ZooKeeper会将故障Broker上的Topic重新分配给集群中其他健康的Broker。这一过程是自动的,无需人工干预。

3.**更新客户端**:客户端会定期从ZooKeeper获取Topic的最新位置信息,因此在故障转移后,客户端能够自动连接到新的Broker,继续发送和接收消息。

###自动恢复

当故障的Broker恢复后,它会重新加入集群。ZooKeeper会检测到这一变化,并开始恢复流程:

1.**状态检查**:Broker在启动时会进行状态检查,确保其能够正常运行。

2.**重新分配Topic**:ZooKeeper会重新评估集群的负载,并可能将一些Topic重新分配给恢复的Broker,以平衡集群的负载。

3.**数据同步**:如果在故障期间有新的消息被发送,恢复的Broker会从其他Broker或者存储层(如BookKeeper)同步这些消息,确保数据的一致性。

##消息重试与死信队列

在消息处理中,消息重试和死信队列是确保消息处理正确性和系统稳定性的关键机制。

###消息重试

当消息处理失败时,Pulsar提供了消息重试机制。这一机制允许消息在处理失败后,被重新发送到消息队列中,以供后续处理。消息重试可以通过以下方式配置:

```java

//Java示例代码

importorg.apache.pulsar.client.api.Consumer;

importorg.apache.pulsar.c

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论