高一下学期开学收心卷01（英语）

20232024学年高一下学期开学收心卷01英语总分：150分考试时间：120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应项目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hesawamovie. B.Hewenttothepark. C.Hebookedsometickets.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Did

you

enjoythemovielastnight?M:Wecouldn’tgetanytickets,sowewenttotheparkinstead.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Collectacustomer. B.Drivehertotheairport. C.LookforGreg.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:John,I’vebeenlookingforyou.M:Isthereaproblem?W:No.IneedsomeonetopickupacustomerfromtheairportonSaturday.M:IthoughtGregwasdoingthat.3.WhatrelationisTimtoJenny?A.Herheadteacher. B.Herfuturehusband. C.Herelderbrother.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:MysisterJenny’sgettingmarried!M:Really?When?W:Nextmonth.She’smarryingTimshemetwhentheywerestudyinginCanada,andwe’reallgoingtoTorontoforthewedding.M:Soundsgreat.Andhowaboutyourbrother?What’shebeendoinglately?4.Whenwillthefirstperformanceend?A.At7:00. B.At9:00. C.At9:10.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Could

you

tellmethestartingtimesforbothperformances?M:Thefirstbeginsat7

and

itlastsfor2hours.Andthentheotheronebegins10minuteslater.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acity. B.Abook. C.Apark.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:NewYorkisabeautifulcity!Iamsohappywearehere,Mike.M:IamexcitedtoseeCentralPark.Tanya,howmanyparksdoesNewYorkCityhave?W:Iwilllookinmybook.Hmmm,hereitis!NewYorkCityhasmorethan1,700parks.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whereisthemangoing?A.Toalibrary. B.Tohishome. C.Toacafe.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisparttimejob?A.It’sbadlypaid. B.It’sboring. C.It’ssatisfactory.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Bob!Whereareyouoffto?

M:

Tothelibrary.Ihavetofinishthehomeworkfortomorrow’sclass.

W:

Whydon’tyoudoitathome?

M:

IhaveaparttimejobintheeveningsowhenIgethome,I’llbetootiredtodoit.

W:

Wheredoyouwork?

M:

Iworkinacafe.

W:

Whydoyoulikethejob?

M:

It’sinteresting.Ireallyenjoyworkingwithpeopleandgetextramoney.

W:

Howisthepay?

M:

Thepay’salright.Iget£7anhour.IwouldliketoearnmoreasIneedalotofmoneytobuyanewsmartphone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whoisansweringthephone?A.Sam. B.Ben. C.Michelle.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.VisitBentomorrow.B.Changethemeetingtime.C.InviteMichelleforlunch.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Michelle.ThisisSam.

CanIspeak

withBen?W:Hi,Sam.No,I’msorry.He’snothomerightnow.M:Doyouknowwhenhe’llbeback?W:He’s

goingtobe

outforseveralhours.Doyouwanttoleaveamessage?M:Yeah,thanks.I’msupposedtomeetBenatCafeJoanforlunchatnoontomorrow.ButIhavetoseethedoctor,so

I’mgoingto

beafewminuteslate.W:Doyouknowwhattimeyou’regoingtobethere?M:I’lltrytogetthereassoonasIcan.I

shouldbethere

by12:30.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.WhatdoweknowaboutKempTownBeach?A.Itisknownforitscoastalwalks.B.Itisneartheman’shome.C.Thewaterthereisclean.11.Whichbeachwillthespeakersgoto?ACanveyIslandBeach. B.KempTownBeach. C.BirlingGapBeach.12.Howwillthespeakersgotothebeach?A.Bycar. B.Bytaxi. C.Bytrain.【答案】10.A11.C12.C【解析】原文】W:Doyouwanttogotothebeachthisweekend?Bobisingtoo.M:I’dloveto!Whichbeacharewegoingto?W:Well,wehaven’tdecidedyet.ThenearestbeachLondonhasisCanveyIslandBeach.Itonlytakesanhour’sdrivefromLondon,butwegothereoften.M:WecangotoKempTownBeachinBrightonorBirlingGapBeachinEastSussex.KempTownisfamousforitscoastalwalks,theSevenSisterspathalongthesouthcoast.Wecansurf,swim,andflykites.W:Soundsfun!Butthewaterisnotsoclean.IprefertogotoBirlingGapbecausethewaterqualityisexcellent.M:Howlongdoesittaketogetthere?W:It’lltakeusabouttwohourstogotherebytrain.M:Actually,Idon’tliketravelingbytrain,butsinceIwillbetravelingwithmyfriendsitshouldbeOK.W:Great.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whoencouragedthemantolearncooking?A.Hisgrandmother. B.Hismother. C.Histeacher.14.Howlongdidtheclasslast?A.6hours. B.8hours. C.10hours.15.Whatdidthemandoafterthefirsthalfhour?A.Hemadeameal. B.Hetastedsomedishes. C.Heboughtsomefoods.16.Howdidthemanfeelattheendoftheday?A.Tired. B.Dissatisfied. C.Happy.【答案】13.B14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:HiAdam.Howisthecookingcourseyou’redoing?M:Well,itwasmymotherwhotoldmetodoit.AtfirstIthoughtitwouldn’tbesointerestingasIdon’twanttobeacooklikeher.Buthalf

an

houraftertheclassstarted,Irealizeditwasgreatfun.W:I’msureitwasagreatwaytospendtheday.M:Itwas!Wewereinakitchenfrom10a.m.to6p.m.Itwasaveryinterestingexperience.Afterthefirsthalfhourwhentheteachertolduswhattouse,ittookmeonlythreehourstomakeaveryspecialmealwithverysimplefoodssuchascheese,vegetablesandeggs.WhenIgotbackintheeveningIwasreallyhappyabouttheresults.W:Wasthekitchenlarge?M:Verylarge.AndtodayI’lltrytomakeamealformygrandmother.Shereallylovestryingnewdishes.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthelistenerstodo?A.Buysomephotosfirst. B.Avoidtakingpictures. C.Followhimintothegate.18.WhereisMarilynMonroe’shouse?A.Ontheleft. B.Ontheright. C.Aroundthecorner.19.WhatisJoeDiMaggio?A.Anactor. B.Abasketballplayer. C.Abaseballplayer.20.Whosehouseisyellow?A.JamesDean’s. B.JoeDiMaggio’s. C.ArnoldSchwarzenegger’s.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,andweletoHollywood,California.AndI’myourtourguide,Jack.Ihopeyouallenjoytoday’stourofthehousesofthestars.Herewego!Nowremember,youcanbuyphotosofallthestars’houseswhenthetourisover,sopleasedon’ttakeanypicturesduringthetour,okay?UpontheleftisthehousewhereMarilynMonroelived.Aftershegotmarried,sheleftthishouseandmovedtoNewYorktolivewithherhusband,afamousAmericanbaseballplayernamedJoeDiMaggio.Now,justaroundthecorneryou’llseeabrightyellowhouse.Canyouseeit?Uponthehill?ThisiswhereJamesDeanlived.Finally,doyouseethatbiggateontheright?Well,thisistheentrancetoArnoldSchwarzenegger’shouse.Unfortunately,youcan’tseethehousefromhere,andwe’renotallowedtogoinsidethegate.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分42.5分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(江苏省泰州市20232024学年高一上学期期末模拟)ChineseLanguageProgramforInternationalStudentsThenondegreeChineseLanguageProgramofChongqingUniversityoffersChineselanguageandculturecoursestointernationalstudents.Theprogramcoverslevelsfrombeginnerstoadvancedlearners.ThecoursesincludeprehensiveChinese,Speaking,Listening,Reading,Writing,andChineseCulture.Requirements●NonChinesecitizenswithavalid(有效的)passport,ingoodphysicalandmentalhealth.●Highschoolgraduatesorabove,betweentheagesof18and55.Application(申请)Documents●Personalinformationpageofthepassport:Thepassportshallbevalidforatleastoneyear.ForapplicantswhoarealreadyinChina,aphotocopyofVisaorResidencePermitshouldbeprovidedaswell.●Bankstatement:Thebalanceshouldbenolessthan30,000RMB.●Physicalexaminationform:TheformshallbefilledbythedoctorinChineseorEnglish.Examinationresultsshallbeuploaded.Pleasecarefullyplanyourphysicalexaminationscheduleastheresultisvalidforonly6months.●StudyorWorkcertificate(证明):Forapplicantswho’renowstudyingorworkinginalargeorganization,aCertificateofEnrollmentorEmploymentissuedbytheorganizationisrequired.ApplicationandAdmissionProcedures●Visitourwebsites:///member/login.do,andcreateanaccountinouronlineapplicationsystem.Fillintheapplicationformanduploadrequiredsupportingdocuments.●Paytheapplicationfeeonlineandhandintheapplication.ApplicationDeadline●31stMayforautumnintake●30thNovemberforspringintakeFees(RMB)●ApplicationFee:400RMB●TuitionFee(学费):7,000RMB/Semester;13,000RMB/YearReferto:///Tuition_and_Acmodation_Fees.htmformoreinformation.ContactinformationFormoreinformation,pleasesendanemailtoadmissions@.Wealsoweleyoutovisitourwebsite:///.21.Whichofthefollowingistherequirementforapplicants?A.Theyshouldbehealthyinmindandbody.B.Theyshouldbeattheageof16orolder.C.TheyshouldbeabletospeakChinesewell.D.Theyshouldbeahighschoolstudent.22.Whatinformationdoallapplicantsoftheprogramhavetoprovide?A.TheirtimeinChina. B.Theirworkexperience.C.Theirlearningability. D.Theirbankstatement.23.Whichofthefollowingcanyouvisittofinishtheapplicationform?A.s:///member/login.doB.:///C.admissions@D.:///Tuition_and_Acmodation_Fees.htm【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了重庆大学为国际学生提供的汉语语言和文化课程学习项目的相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Requirements部分的“NonChinesecitizenswithavalid(有效的)passport,ingoodphysicalandmentalhealth.(非中国籍公民，持有效护照，身心健康。)”可知，申请人需要身心都健康。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ApplicationDocuments部分的“Bankstatement:Thebalanceshouldbenolessthan30,000RMB.(银行对账单：余额不低于3万元人民币。)”可知，申请人必须提供银行结单。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据ApplicationandAdmissionProcedures部分的“Visitourwebsites:///member/login.do,andcreateanaccountinouronlineapplicationsystem.Fillintheapplicationformanduploadrequiredsupportingdocuments.(访问我们的网站s:///member/login.do，并在我们的在线申请系统中创建一个帐户。填写申请表并上传所需证明文件。)”可知，填申请表需要访问s:///member/login.do。故选A。B(广东省珠海市广东实验中学珠海金湾学校20232024学年高一上学期12月考试)Myhandswereshakinguncontrollably.ItriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthewordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.Itriedtoconquermyfearofspeakinginpubliconnumerousoccasionsthroughoutmylife.Duringcollegeandatmyfirstfewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresentationorleadameeting.PublicspeakinghadbeenmynightmareforaslongasIcouldremember.Theninmymidthirties,IdecidedtojointhepublicspeakinggroupToastmasters.Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtopetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.Itwasn’tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplacewheredreamsetrue—thisiswhyweallneedtoprotectscience.Inaddition,‘asasciencewriter,Itrytogetreaderstounderstandhowscienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.SoIendeduponthatfrighteningstageonthatsunnySaturdayinApril—EarthDay.Despitethebodyshakesandfear,Ipersevered.Thatday,IlookedoutintothecrowdoflikemindedsciencesupportersandIfeltfort.Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.Atalmostforty,IlearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflameinmyhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.24.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“conquer”inPara.1?A.Face. B.Control. C.Forget. D.Develop.25.HowdidtheauthorbehaveaboutpublicspeakingafterleavingToastmasters?A.Hebegantofeellessworried. B.Hebecameapolishedspeaker.C.Heremainedashyspeaker. D.Thingsbecameworseforhim.26.WhatmadetheauthorwanttospeakoutonEarthDay?A.Itwasagoodchancetolearnscience. B.Hemustriseuptoprotecthisprofession.C.ItwasaprojectorganizedbyToastmasters. D.Hecouldn’thavepeopleattackingscience.27.Whatlessondidtheauthordrawfromhissuccessfulspeech?A.Passioncanencourageustoachievetheunachievable.B.Anydifficultycanbeoverewithgreateffort.C.Sciencecanleadustomakewonderfulchanges.D.Failurecanbesteppingstonestosuccess.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何克服对公开演讲的恐惧，并在年近四十时发现了自己的激情，最终在科学演讲中找到了新的机会和冒险的经历。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Myhandswereshakinguncontrollably.ItriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthewordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.(我的手无法控制地颤抖着。我非常努力地把注意力集中在我花了几个小时写在纸上的单词上。)”可判断，作者是想“克服或控制”这种恐惧。选项A“Face(面对)”；选项B“Control(控制)”；选项C“Forget(忘记)”；选项D“Develop(发展)”。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theninmymidthirties,IdecidedtojointhepublicspeakinggroupToastmasters.Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtopetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.(在我35岁左右的时候，我决定加入公共演讲团体Toastmasters。在每次会议上，我们都会被评分，并被迫与其他演讲者竞争奖项。你可能会认为，这些经历会让我成为一名出色的演讲者，但似乎没有什么奏效。)”可知，加入公共演讲团体Toastmasters对作者并没有什么作用，也就是说他仍然是一个害羞的演讲者。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Itwasn’tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplacewheredreamsetrue—thisiswhyweallneedtoprotectscience.Inaddition,‘asasciencewriter,Itrytogetreaderstounderstandhowscienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.(直到最近，当科学和科学机构在疫情期间因不公平的原因受到攻击时，我才决定我必须大声疾呼。科学使这个国家成为梦想成真的地方——这就是为什么我们都需要保护科学。此外，作为一名科学作家，我试图让读者了解科学与他们的日常生活是如何相关的。)”可知，作者想在地球日发声是想保护科学，不让人们攻击科学和科学机构。故选D。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.Atalmostforty,IlearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflameinmyhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.(完成演讲这个里程碑式的目标真的改变了我。快40岁的时候，我明白了激情可以点燃我心中的火焰，让我做一些我做梦都想不到的事情。导致我发表演讲的黑暗肯定会带来新的机会和冒险。)”可知，作者认为热情能够帮助我们做我们以为自己做不到的事情。故选A。C(山东省百师联盟20232024学年高一上学期12月考试)ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusetts(UMass)announcedrecentlythattheyhaveworkedouthowtodesignabiofilm(生物膜)thatcollectstheenergyinevaporation(蒸发)andchangesittoelectricity.Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNature,hastheabilitytochangetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensors(感应器)topersonalelectronics.“Thisisaveryimpressivetechnology,”saysLiXiumeng,agraduatestudentinelectricalandputerenergy,“andunlikeothersocalled‘greenenergy’sources,itsproductionisabsolutelygreen.”Thatisbecausethisbiofilm—whichisasheetofbacterialcells(细菌细胞)andasthinasasheetofpaper—isproducednaturallybyanimprovedversionofthebacteriumGeo.Geoisknowntoproduceelectricityandhasbeenusedbeforein“microbialbatteries”topowerelectricalequipment.ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatGeobeproperlycaredforandfedacontinuousdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasabatteryofthesimilarsize,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseitisdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.Thesecretbehindthisnewbiofilmisthatitmakesenergyfromthemoisture(水分)onyourskin.Whilewedailyreadstoriesaboutsolarpower(太阳能),atleast50%ofthesolarenergyreachingtheearthgoestowardevaporatingwater.“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy,”saysYeXun,professorofelectricalandputerengineeringatUMass,andthepaper’soneseniorauthor.Sincethesurfaceofourskinisalwayswetwithsweat,thebiofilmcanmakeuseofitandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopowersmallequipment.“Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoresmarterwearableelectronics,”saysYe,andLipointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.28.WhichcanbiofilmdoaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Inventwearableelectronics. B.Getpowerfromevaporation.C.Supplyenergytomicrobialbatteries. D.Producemoreelectricitythanbefore.29.Thebiofilmisbetterthan“microbialbatteries”because.A.itisrelativelythinner B.itisenvironmentallyfriendlyC.itappliesarareenergysource D.itdecreasesthecostinusage30.WhatdoYeandLithinkofthefutureofthebiofilm?A.Doubtful. B.Bright. C.Unclear. D.Harmful.31.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceustoanewbiofilm.B.Todescribethedisadvantagesofthebiofilm.C.Toparethenewbiofilmwithothers.D.Tochangepeople’sviewonthenewbiofilm.【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一种生物膜，可以在蒸发过程中收集能量，并将其转化为电能。并且其生产也是真正的绿色环保。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusetts(UMass)announcedrecentlythattheyhaveworkedouthowtodesignabiofilm(生物膜)thatcollectstheenergyinevaporation(蒸发)andchangesittoelectricity.(马萨诸塞大学(UniversityofMassachusetts,UMass)的科学家最近宣布，他们已经设计出一种生物膜，可以收集蒸发过程中的能量并将其转化为电能。)”可知，生物膜从蒸发中获取能量，故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasabatteryofthesimilarsize,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseitisdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.(相比之下，这种新的生物膜可以提供与同等大小的电池一样多的能量，并且可以连续工作，因为它是死的。因为它已经死了，所以不需要喂食。)”可知，生物膜与微生物电池相比，其优势是降低了使用成本，故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy(这是一种巨大的、未被发现的能源)”和““Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoresmarterwearableelectronics,”saysYe,andLipointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.(Ye说：“我们的下一步是增加薄膜的尺寸，为更智能的可穿戴电子设备供电。”Li指出，目标之一是为整个电子系统供电，而不是单个设备。)”可知，Ye和Li认为生物膜的未来是光明的，故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusetts(UMass)announcedrecentlythattheyhaveworkedouthowtodesignabiofilm(生物膜)thatcollectstheenergyinevaporation(蒸发)andchangesittoelectricity.(马萨诸塞大学(UniversityofMassachusetts,UMass)的科学家最近宣布，他们已经设计出一种生物膜，可以收集蒸发过程中的能量并将其转化为电能。)”可知，文章介绍了一种生物膜，可以在蒸发过程中收集能量，并将其转化为电能。并且其生产也是真正的绿色环保，因此本文目的是向我们介绍一种新的生物膜。故选A。D(江苏省苏州第一中学20232024学年高一上学期1月自主学习能力检测)Humans’lightatnightdoesnotspareeventheseafromitsglare(强光).Researcherspublishedthefirstglobalmapofoceanlightpollution.Itshowslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.Andthatrisksconfusingordisruptingthebehaviorsofsealife.TimSmythledateamtoresearchtheareasoftheoceanwherelightpollutionisstrongest.Smythandhiscolleaguesstartedwithaworldmapofmanmadenightskybrightnessthathadbeencreatedin2016.Thentheyaddeddataontheoceanandatmosphere.Somedatacamefromshipboardmeasurementsofmanmadelightinthewater.Otherscamefromsatelliteimagesthatjudgehowclearthewateris.Particles(微粒)inthewater,suchastinyfloatingplantsandanimals,canaffecthowfardownwardlighttravels.Thesefactorsvaryfromplacetoplaceandmaychangewiththeseasons.Theteamalsousedputerstocopyhowdifferentwavelengthsoflightmovethroughwater.Next,theywantedtoknowhowthatunderwaterlightmightaffectanimals.Notallspecieswillbeeasilyaffected.Theteamfocusedoncopepods(桡足亚纲甲壳动物).Thesemoncreaturesareakeypartofmanyoceanfoodchains.Theyuselightasasignaltomovealltogethertothedarkdeep,seekingsafetyfromothersurfacecreatures.Normallytheyusethesunorthewintermoonastheirsignal.Toomuchmanmadelightcanmessuptheirusualpatterns.Lightpollutionisstrongestinaboutthreefeetofthewater.Here,manmadelightcanbestrongenoughtoconfusethecopepods.Nearly2millionsquarekilometersofoceangetsuchstrongnightlight.That’sanareaaboutthesizeofMexico.Fartherdown,thelightgetsweaker.Buteven65feetdeep,it’sstillbrightenoughtobothercopepodsacross840,000squarekilometersofocean.TheteampublisheditsfindingsonDecember13inElementa:ScienceoftheAnthropocene.32.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“disrupting”inParagraph1?A.Upsetting. B.Observing. C.Ensuring. D.Protecting.33.Whatdoweknowaboutcopepodsfromthepassage?A.Theyaremaineatersofothercreatures.B.Theyarenotaffectedbyunderwaterlight.C.Theycanescapeattackswiththehelpoflight.D.Theycanweakentheeffectofmanmadelight.34.HowdoestheauthorshowtheseriousnessoflightpollutioninParagraph4?A.Bystatingopinions. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byraisingquestions. D.Bygivingreasons.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LightPollutionfromSeaLife B.LivingConditionsofCopepodsC.DiscoveriesofCopepods D.LightPollutionEveninSea【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是海洋中也有光污染以及光污染对海洋生物的影响。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Itshowslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.Andthatrisksconfusing(它显示了大片海域在夜间被点亮。这可能会使困惑)”和“thebehaviorsofsealife(海洋生物的行为)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“大片海域在夜间被点亮。这可能会混淆或扰乱海洋生物的行为”，因此划线词disrupting的意思是“扰乱”，和upset意思相近。故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Theyuselightasasignaltomovealltogethertothedarkdeep,seekingsafetyfromothersurfacecreatures.(它们用光作为信号，一起移动到黑暗的深处，寻求远离其他表面生物的安全地方)”可知，桡足亚纲甲壳动物动物可以在光的帮助下躲避攻击。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Nearly2millionsquarekilometersofoceangetsuchstrongnightlight.That’sanareaaboutthesizeofMexico.Fartherdown,thelightgetsweaker.Buteven65feetdeep,it’sstillbrightenoughtobothercopepodsacross840,000squarekilometersofocean.(近200万平方公里的海洋受到如此强烈的夜光照射。这是一个相当于墨西哥大小的地区。越往下，光线就越弱。但即使是65英尺深，它仍然足够明亮，足以困扰84万平方公里海洋中的桡足类动物)”可推知，作者在第四段通过列出数字来展示光污染的严重性。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Humans’lightatnightdoesnotspareeventheseafromitsglare(强光).Researcherspublishedthefirstglobalmapofoceanlightpollution.Itshowslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.Andthatrisksconfusingordisruptingthebehaviorsofsealife.(人类夜晚的光线即使是大海也无法免受其眩光。研究人员发表了第一张全球海洋光污染地图。它显示了大海的大部分在夜晚被点亮。这可能会混淆或扰乱海洋生物的行为)”可知，本文主要讲的是光污染对海洋生物的影响。由此可知，D项LightPollutionEveninSea(海洋中的光污染)适合作本文标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(福建省三明市五校联考20232024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题)ThreeinfivepeopleintheUKholdalibrarycard.Forsome,they’reashelterfromthestressesofdaytodaylife.___36___Ifyou’reconsideringjoiningyourlocallibrary,nowisthetimetodoso.Andifyouneedanymoreencouragement,hereareseveralreasonswhyyoushould.MostlibrariesintheUKallowmembersofthegeneralpublictoeandgoastheylike.___37___Youcanalsotakeoutalibrarycardandborrowbooksforfree,althoughyouwillinevitablyfaceafineforlatereturns.___38___Imaginejusthowmanybooksyouhaveatyourfingertipswithalibrarycard?Therearelotsofmodernones,aswellasoriginals,andyoucancontinuetoexpandyourlearningandvocabularyallthetime.It’sapricelessexperience,especiallyforkids,andalsoagreatwaytoleveltheeducationalplayingfield.Librariesdevelopwithtimes.Theyhavechangedgreatlysincedecadesago.___39___Somelibrarieshaveappssoyoucanseewhenyourbooksareduebackandevenreservebooksinsomecases.Therearealsolibrarieswhichletyouaccessbooksindigitalformatsonyourmobiledevice—prettycool.Librariesareoneofveryfewspacesleftintownsandcitieswheremembersofthepubliccanetogetherandactuallybeandfeellikeamunity.Theyhavenoticeboardstoofferserviceslikeexerciseclassesorlearningcenters.___40___A.Librarieshelppeoplelearn.B.Librarieshelpeducatethekids.C.Theycreateagreatsenseofmunity.D.Youcangoin,settledownandreadabookwithoutbeingchargedapenny.E.MostlibrariesnowhaveputersandallowpeopletoborrowCDsandDVDs.F.Librarieshelpussavemoneyaswe’reborrowingbooksratherthanbuyingthem.G.Forothers,particularlythehomelessandpeopleinpoverty,alifelinetotheworld.【答案】36.G37.D38.A39.E40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该多去图书馆的几个理由。【36题详解】根据前句Forsome,they’reashelterfromthestressesofdaytodaylife.对一些人来说，它们是躲避日常生活压力的庇护所，可知，对其他人，特别是无家可归者和贫困人口来说，这是通向世界的生命线。这里抓住关键词Forsome，接着后面应该为Forothers。故选G。【37题详解】根据前句MostlibrariesintheUKallowmembersofthegeneralpublictoeandgoastheylike.在英国，大多数图书馆都允许公众随意出入，和后句Youcanalsotakeoutalibrarycardandborrowbooksforfree,althoughyouwillinevitablyfaceafineforlatereturns.你也可以拿出借书证免费借书，不过如果逾期还书，你将不可避免地面临罚款，可知，你可以进去，坐下来读一本书而不收一分钱。这里抓住后句关键词Youcanalso，接着前面应该为Youcan。故选D。【38题详解】这里为考查本段主题句。根据本段中andyoucancontinuetoexpandyourlearningandvocabularyallthetime.你可以随时继续扩大你的学习和词汇，和It’sapricelessexperience,especiallyforkids,andalsoagreatwaytoleveltheeducationalplayingfield.这是一次无价的经历，尤其是对孩子们来说，也是一个很好的方式来公平教育的环境，可知，本段的主题句为：图书馆帮助人们学习。故选A。【39题详解】根据本段主题句Librariesdevelopwithtimes.图书馆是与时俱进的，可知，现在大多数图书馆都有电脑，允许人们借CD和DVD。故选E。【40题详解】根据前面Librariesareoneofveryfewspacesleftintownsandcitieswheremembersofthepubliccanetogetherandactuallybeandfeellikeamunity.Theyhavenoticeboardstoofferserviceslikeexerciseclassesorlearningcenters.可知图书馆是城镇中仅存的为数不多的公共空间之一，在这里，公众可以聚集在一起，真正成为并感觉像一个社区，所以它们创造了一种伟大的社区意识。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。江苏省常州市联盟学校20232024学年高一上学期12月学情调研AsuddenillnesstookawaymostofRebecca’shearingwhenshewasonlysixyearsold.Afterwards,shesaysher___41___wenttoo.Unabletolisten,she___42___tomunicatewiththegreathelpofherfamilyandfriends.Rebeccafeltlonely,butshedidnot___43___herself.Shesaysherbiggestconcernwas___44___tolivelikeanormalperson.Shetaughtherselftoreadlips,andlearnedtospeakconfidentlywithoutbeingabletohearherself.___45___,shefoundtherightplacetoflourish(茁壮成长).Today,workingattheQetanSewingCenter,Rebeccarediscoveredsomethingshegreatly___46___:asenseofbelonging.“Thecenterhasareally___47___impactonmeintermsofbeingabletomeetpeople.Theenvironmentis___48___,whichhelpsyoumoveforward,”saysRebecca.Betterstill,Rebeccahasalsofoundaprofessionaloutlet.“I’vealwaysbeen___49___thearts.Drawingandlogodesignaremajorpartsofourwork.I____50____thisverymuch,”shesays.Rebeccasaysher____51____ofselfdiscoveryisnotyetover.Everyday,sheisseekingto____52____herself.“Openyourmindtothe___53____.Takenotice