江苏省镇江丹阳市高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

高一期末质量检测试卷·英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whoremendedtheparktothewoman?A.Hermother.B.Herfather.C.Hersister.2.Whereisthewoman?A.Inthecar.B.Intheoffice.C.Inthekitchen.3.Whatsalestargetarethespeakerstryingtoachieve?A.Anincreaseof50%.B.Anincreaseof75%.C.Anincreaseof90%.4.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Gooutfordinner.B.Joininavideocall.C.Lookafterhisbrother.5.WhathashappenedtoMark?A.Hehasretired.B.Hehasgotanotherjob.C.Hehasmovedtoanewhouse.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?A.Thewoman'sflight.B.Theweather.C.Thepostservice.7.Whattimedidthewomangethome?A.At7：00p.m.B.At8：00p.m.C.At11：00p.m.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhoisTony?A.Ateacher.B.Aparent.C.Astudent.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthesummerterm?A.ItmadeTonydisappointed.B.Newtextbookswereasuccess.C.Teachingmethodsremainedthesame.10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atameeting.B.Ataninterview.C.Ataclass.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Cookmeals.B.Unpackthefood.C.Setupthetents.12.Whatdidthespeakerseatforlunch?A.Fruitandnuts.B.Chipsandcookies.C.Hamburgersandhotdogs.13.Howarethespeakersfeelingattheendoftheday?A.Fullbuttired.B.Hungrybuthappy.C.Thirstyandsad.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Roommates.C.Fellowteachers.15.WhereisAlicefrom?A.TheUS.B.China.C.TheUK.16.WhatisAlicemainlydoinginthecountry?A.Working.B.Studying.C.Traveling.17.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.InviteAlicetohercountry.B.TakeAlicetovisitsomeplaces.C.HelpAlicewithherEnglish.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Asaleofkitchenequipment.B.Acookingmethod.C.Arepairserviceforkitchenequipment.19.Howlongwillthespecialofferlast?A.Forthreedays.B.Fortwoweeks.C.Foronemonth.20.Whyshouldcustomerscallsoon?A.Togetalowerprice.B.Towinaprize.C.Toavoidequipmentproblems.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AChildrenloveboatsandourCanalMuseumisagreatplacetobringthemwhatwillbebothinterestingandeducational.Theywillloveexploringthenarrowboatcabin,andtheywilllovethehorse!Children’ssummeractivitiesOnmostWednesdays,weofferspecialfunfilleddaysofactivitiesforchildren.SeetheWateryWednesdayspageformoredetails!AgeandsuitabilityWeremendthemuseumforchildrenagedsixandover.Youngerchildrenarewelebutareprobablynotoldenoughtoenjoymuseumvisits.Childrenunder14yearsmustvisitacpaniedbyanadult.TheactivityzoneTheactivityzoneisasmallareaonthegroundfloorforouryoungestvisitors.Theretheycanbuildabridge,usingthematerialsprovided,andthereisawhiteboardwithmagneticlettersandcanalrelatedimagestobeusedtocreateartisticeffects!Therearechildren’sbooks,andthingstocolourin.Cutoutmodelboatstomakeareavailablefreefromreception.Supervision(监管)Parentsandotheradultsinchargeofchildrenshouldrememberthattheyareresponsibleforsupervisionatalltimes.Childrenshouldnotbeallowedtotourthebuildingunacpanied.Henrietta’strailHenrietta’strailisthemostexcellentjourneyaroundthemuseumledbyHenrietta,themuseum’shorse.InvariousplacesaroundthebuildingyouwillseetheimageofHenrietta.Therearefreetrailsheetsavailableatreception.Itisajourneyofdiscovery—afunwaytoexploretheexhibitionsandlearnsomethingatthesametime.1.Whatshouldyoudowhenyour7yearoldsonwantstovisitthemuseum?A.Totellhimhecan’tenjoyhimselfinthemuseum.B.ToaskhimtoreadWateryWednesdayspagefirst.C.Toaskhimtoplayallbyhimself.D.Tobewithhimwhenvisitingit.2.Whatcanchildrendointheactivityzone?A.Theycanlearntodrawpictures. B.Theycandeveloptheiroperatingability.C.Theycanbuildabridgewithwhiteboardsoffered. D.Theycangetsomebooksfornothing.3.Whichofthefollowingisthemostattractiveforchildren?A.Readingchildren’sbooks. B.Makingmodelboats.C.Beingwithparents. D.RidingHenrietta.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一家博物馆的活动安排及相关说明。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Ageandsuitability中的“Childrenunder14yearsmustvisitacpaniedbyanadult.(14岁以下儿童必须在成人陪同下参观。)”可知，当你7岁的儿子想参观博物馆时，你应该和他一起去参观。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Theactivityzone中的“Theretheycanbuildabridge,usingthematerialsprovided,andthereisawhiteboardwithmagneticlettersandcanalrelatedimagestobeusedtocreateartisticeffects!(在那里，他们可以使用提供的材料建造一座桥，还有一块带有磁性字母和运河相关图像的白板，用于创造艺术效果!)”可知，孩子们在活动区，儿童可以用白板搭一座桥。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“theywilllovethehorse(他们会喜欢马)”以及最后一段中的“Henrietta’strailisthemostexcellentjourneyaroundthemuseumledbyHenrietta,themuseum’shorse.(亨丽埃塔的足迹是博物馆最精彩的旅程，由博物馆的马亨丽埃塔带领。)”可知，骑小马亨丽埃塔对孩子最有吸引力。故选D。BThereisaconstantstrugglebetweentalentandhardwork.Thetopicof“hardworkvstalent”hasbeenresearchedbymanyscientistsandeventheydonothavetheonlyrightconclusion.Ericsson,Krampe,andTechRomerhavepointedoutthattalentisirrelevantindistant1993yet.Theyconnectedsuccesswithadeliberatepracticethatlastsforover10thousandhours.Moreover,itmustbegoaloriented,intensiveandthoughtfulforbetterresults.However,recentstudiessupportanotherviewpoint.BothMalcolmGladwell(2008)andDavidBrooks(2011)agreethatthereisnoguaranteethatapersonwithahigherIQlevelwillbemoresuccessfulinlife.Atthesametime,talentmeansnothingwithouthardworkandthisthoughtwasformulated(阐述)byStephenKingseveraldozenyearsago.Whyistalentimportant?Itgoeswithoutsayingthattherearenoequalpeopleintheworld.Evensiblings(兄弟姐妹)maylookabsolutelythesamebutbedifferentincharacterandpreferences.Thatmeansthattheirinborntalentsarevariousaswell.Forexample,ifyougather10childreninoneclassroomandteachthemthesameinformationusingasingleapproach,theresultsofthisstudyingwillbeverydifferent.Notonlytalentwillplayasignificantroleinthatbutalsoattention,desire,andevenupbringing(家庭教育).Ofcourse,ithasbeenconfirmedthatintelligenceisinheritedbutupbringingisnotlessimportant.Someparentsworkwiththeirkidsfromthefirstdayofpregnancyandthesechildrenwillshowbetterresultsthanonesleftontheirown.IfyouwishtobeebestofthebestlikeanOlympicGameschampion,talentappearstobeanecessityhere.Butifyoudesiretogetpromotionandwinthepetitionamongyoungcolleagues,hardworkanddesireareyourkeystosuccessevenifyouarenotluckytohavebeenborntalented.4.WhatisEricsson’sviewontalent?A.It’sharmful. B.It’sunimportant. C.It’sessential. D.It’shelpful.5.WhichonecanbestdescribeDavidBrooks’idea?A.Talentisofnousewithouteffort.B.Talentisuselesswithoutadesireforsuccess.C.Peopleshouldattachmoreimportancetoeffort.D.Smartpeoplearenotnecessarilymoresuccessful.6.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressbymentioningparentsandchildren?A.Upbringingisasimportantastalent.B.Talentismoresignificantthandesire.C.Childrenwithagoodupbringingperformbetter.D.ChildrenfromthesamefamilyhavedifferentIQlevels.7.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?ATalentcanmakeaworldchampion.B.Talentisthedecisivefactorinsuccess.C.Essentialfactorsforsuccessvarywithgoals.D.Hardworkisenoughforpromotionintheworkplace.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于天赋和勤奋之间到底哪个更重要，许多科学家都研究过，但是谁都没有正确的结论。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ericsson,Krampe,andTechRomerhavepointedoutthattalentisirrelevantindistant1993yet.Theyconnectedsuccesswithadeliberatepracticethatlastsforover10thousandhours.Moreover,itmustbegoaloriented,intensiveandthoughtfulforbetterresults.(Ericsson，Krampe和TechRomer指出，早在1993年，天赋还无关紧要。他们将成功与持续1万小时以上的刻意练习联系起来。此外，它必须是目标导向的，密集和深思熟虑的更好的结果。)”可知，Ericsson认为天赋是不重要的。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,recentstudiessupportanotherviewpoint.BothMalcolmGladwell（2008）andDavidBrooks（2011）agreethatthereisnoguaranteethatapersonwithahigherIQlevelwillbemoresuccessfulinlife.(然而，最近的研究支持另一种观点。MalcolmGladwell(2008)和DavidBrooks(2011)都认为，没有人能保证拥有更高智商的人在生活中会更成功。)”可知，DavidBrooks认为聪明的人不一定会更成功。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段提到父母和孩子之前的内容“Ofcourse,ithasbeenconfirmedthatintelligenceisinheritedbutupbringingisnotlessimportant.(当然，已经证实智力是遗传的，但教养也同样重要。)”可知，作者提到父母从小照顾孩子是为了证明教养和天赋等是一样重要的。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“IfyouwishtobeebestofthebestlikeanOlympicGameschampion,talentappearstobeanecessityhere.Butifyoudesiretogetpromotionandwinthepetitionamongyoungcolleagues,hardworkanddesireareyourkeystosuccessevenifyouarenotluckytohavebeenborntalented.(如果你想成为像奥运会冠军那样的精英中的精英，天赋似乎是必不可少的。但是，如果你想在年轻同事的竞争中获得晋升和胜利，即使你不是天生的天才，努力工作和欲望也是成功的关键。)”可知，最后一段主要告诉读者成功的要素因目标而异。故选C。CHouseholdchoresmightseemadrag,butresearchershavesuggestedtaskslikedusting,scrubbingfloorsandwashingthewindowsmighthelpadultstostayhealthyintooldage.WritinginthejournalBMJOpen,aSingaporebasedteamofresearcherssaidregularphysicalactivity“improvesphysicalandmentalhealth,mitigatestherisksandeffectsofchronicdiseases,andreducesfalls,immobility,dependencyandmortalityamongolderadults”.TheteamrandomlyrecruitedadultsfromthetownofYishuninSingapore,andaskedthemtopletecognitivefunctiontestsaswellasactivitiestoassesstheirphysicalcapabilities,suchasstandingupfromachairasquicklyastheycould.Participantswerealsoquizzedontheirlevelsofphysicalactivity,includingtheamountoflighthousework(suchasdusting)andheavyhousework(suchasfloorscrubbing)theydid,andwereassessedfortheirriskofhavingafallbasedonmeasuressuchaskneeextensionstrength.Thestudyinvolved249participantsaged21—64and240participantsaged6590.Mostofthosewhoreporteddoinghighlevelsofheavyorlighthouseworkwerewomen.Aftertakingintoaccountfactorsincludingage,sex,andtheamountoflighthouseworkundertaken,theteamfoundcognitivescoresandattentionscoreswere8%and14%higherrespectivelyforolderadultsdoinghighamountsofheavyhousework—onaverage131minutesaweek—paredwithlowlevels,whichappearedtoamounttononeatall.Sittostandtimeswerelowerforolderadultsreportinghighamountsofheavyhouseworkparedwithlowamounts,whiletheywerealsoassessedasbeingatlowerriskofhavingafall.Theteamalsofoundcognitivescoreswere5%higherforolderadultswhoreportedhighlevelsoflighthousework—onaveragedoing902minutesaweek—andmemoryscoreswerealsohigher,paredwiththoseundertakinglowlevelsofsuchtasks,averaging89minutesaweek.8.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Theresearchinvolvesparticipantsofdifferentagesworldwide.B.Doinghouseworkcanprotectoldadultsfromsufferingfromdiseases.C.Oldadultstakingonmoreheavyhouseworktendtostandupfasterthanthosedoingless.D.Womentendtodomorehouseholdchoresthanmenforhealthbenefits.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigates”inParagraph2mean?A.Lessens. B.Strengthens. C.Stimulates. D.Shortens.10.Howdoesthewriterdemonstratehisviewpoint?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byshowingstatistics.C.Bypresentingtheories. D.Bystatingcausesandeffects.11.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toencourageoldadultstotakeonsomehouseworkforhealthbenefits.B.Toremendsomenewwaystokeepfit.C.Toclarifytheconnectionbetweenhealthanddoinghousework.D.Tointroducesomebenefitsofdoinghouseworkforoldadults.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，家务琐事似乎很累人，但研究人员表示，掸灰尘、擦地板和擦窗户等任务可能有助于成年人健康长寿。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Sittostandtimeswerelowerforolderadultsreportinghighamountsofheavyhouseworkparedwithlowamounts,whiletheywerealsoassessedasbeingatlowerriskofhavingafall.(做大量家务的老年人由从坐下到站起来所花的时间比做少量家务的老年人要少，同时他们摔倒的风险也较低。)”可知，承担更多家务的老年人往往比那些做得少的人站得更快。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“improvesphysicalandmentalhealth(促进身心健康)”和“reducesfalls,immobility,dependencyandmortalityamongolderadults(减少老年人摔倒、不活动、依赖和死亡率)”可知，有规律的身体活动可以改善身心健康，减轻慢性疾病的风险和影响，因此划线词mitigates的意思是“减少”，和lessen“减少”意思相近，故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Aftertakingintoaccountfactorsincludingage,sex,andtheamountoflighthouseworkundertaken,theteamfoundcognitivescoresandattentionscoreswere8%and14%higherrespectivelyforolderadultsdoinghighamountsofheavyhousework—onaverage131minutesaweek—paredwithlowlevels,whichappearedtoamounttononeatall.(在考虑了年龄、性别和轻家务量等因素后，研究小组发现，做大量重家务的老年人的认知得分和注意力得分分别高出8%和14%——平均每周131分钟——相比之下，做重家务的老年人的认知得分和注意力得分较低，似乎根本没有得分。)”和最后一段的“Theteamalsofoundcognitivescoreswere5%higherforolderadultswhoreportedhighlevelsoflighthousework—onaveragedoing902minutesaweek—andmemoryscoreswerealsohigher,paredwiththoseundertakinglowlevelsofsuchtasks,averaging89minutesaweek.(研究小组还发现，从事轻度家务的老年人的认知能力得分要高出5%——平均每周做902分钟；与从事轻度家务的老年人（平均每周做89分钟）相比，他们的记忆力得分也更高。)”可知，作者通过展示统计数据来证明他的观点，故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Householdchoresmightseemadrag,butresearchershavesuggestedtaskslikedusting,scrubbingfloorsandwashingthewindowsmighthelpadultstostayhealthyintooldage.(家务琐事似乎很累人，但研究人员表示，掸灰尘、擦地板和擦窗户等任务可能有助于成年人健康长寿。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究人员表示，掸灰尘、擦地板和擦窗户等任务可能有助于成年人健康长寿，因此本文的目的是介绍老年人做家务的一些好处。故选D。DBillionswillbespenttryingtodealwithabargainintheapproachtoChristmas.Butascloseattentionturnstowhetherornotthedealsonofferarerealdiscounts,insteadofmarketingtricks,spareathoughtforthethousandsofextradeliveriesthatwillbemadeandtheresultingcrowdingandblockage,CO2emissions(释放),andstressthatthisshoppingholidaycreates.Demandformoredrivershighlightsthehighlyseasonalnatureofshopping,withsimilarincreasesonMother’sDay,Valentine’sDayandtherunuptoChristmas.Althoughtheindustryisconstantlylearningfrompastmistakestobetterservecustomers,itneglectsextremelyimportantenergy,abilitytomovearoundandhealthissues.Behindthescenes,thebasicequipmentthatmakesallthisonlineshoppingpossibleishuge—theextradeliveryvansaddtoalreadycrowdedandblockedroads,anddriverssufferfromstressandtiredness.SeasonalshoppingeventslikeBlackFridayharmpeopleandtheplanet.OnemediumsizedbusinessinLondonrecentlytoldusthatroughly75%ofthegoodsreceivedbyitsfrontdeskintherunuptoChristmaswerepersonalparcels.Extremelyimportantly,inahubandspoke(辐射状的)model,notonlydotheseparcelsarrivefromdifferentvanstravellinglongdistancesfromdifferentwarehouses,butdeliveryresultsintravellingonsomeofthemostprecious,crowdedandblockedandpollutedstreetsinLondon—simplytoserviceonlineshoppingpreferences.Atthisearlystageofthenextevolutionofshopping,itisimportantthatweconsiderthebenefitsandbroadersocietalcostsofdifferentshoppinganddeliveryoptions.Orelseweriskhardwiringinasetofexpectationsfightingwithourresponsibilitiestocutcarbonandimproveairqualityincities.12.Whatcanweknowabouttheresultofextraholidaydelivery?A.Itcreateslesspleasure. B.ItproducesmoreCO2emissions.C.Itmakespeoplecrowdintheshops. D.Itmakesthedriversearnmoremoney.13.WhatcanweinferaboutthedriversinParagraph2?A.Theyharmthepeopleandtheplanet.B.TheyareneededlessonMother’sDay.C.Theyleadtocrowdedandblockedroads.D.Theyfeelexhaustedduringtheholidayshoppingdelivery.14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“highlights”?A.Emphasizes. B.Suggests. C.Remends. D.Challenges.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofholidayshopping.B.Theconcernsabouttheholidayshoppingdelivery.C.Thestressandtirednesscausedbytheholidayshopping.D.Theholidayshopping’sinfluenceonsocietyandenvironment.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了假期的配送发货由此带来的拥挤和堵塞、二氧化碳排放，以及给购物节日带来的压力，同时，作者也表达了对假日购物配送的担忧。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butascloseattentionturnstowhetherornotthedealsonofferarerealdiscounts,insteadofmarketingtricks,spareathoughtforthethousandsofextradeliveriesthatwillbemadeandtheresultingcrowdingandblockage,CO2emissions,andstressthatthisshoppingholidaycreates.”（但是，当人们的密切关注转向所提供的交易是否是真正的折扣，而不是营销技巧时，不妨想想将会发生的数千次额外配送，以及由此带来的拥挤和堵塞、二氧化碳排放，以及这个购物节日带来的压力。）可知，额外的假期配送发货的结果是它产生更多的二氧化碳排放。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Althoughtheindustryisconstantlylearningfrompastmistakestobetterservecustomers,itneglectsextremelyimportantenergy,abilitytomovearoundandhealthissues.Behindthescenes,thebasicequipmentthatmakesallthisonlineshoppingpossibleishuge—theextradeliveryvansaddtoalreadycrowdedandblockedroads,anddriverssufferfromstressandtiredness.SeasonalshoppingeventslikeBlackFridayharmpeopleandtheplanet.”（虽然这个行业不断从过去的错误中吸取教训，以更好地服务客户，但它忽略了极其重要的能源、移动能力和健康问题。在幕后，使所有这些网上购物成为可能的基本设备是巨大的——额外的快递货车增加了本已拥挤和堵塞的道路，司机们承受着压力和疲劳。像黑色星期五这样的季节性购物事件伤害了人类和地球。）可知，司机们承受着压力和疲劳，故可推断，他们在假日购物配送期间感到精疲力竭。故选D项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Demandformoredrivers”（对更多司机的需求）以及设题句后“withsimilarincreasesonMother’sDay,Valentine’sDayandtherunuptoChristmas.”（在母亲节、情人节和圣诞节前也有类似的增长。）故可猜测，highlights为“凸显”的意思，即购物季凸显了需求更多司机的问题。结合选项A.Emphasizes“强调”意思一致。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Atthisearlystageofthenextevolutionofshopping,itisimportantthatweconsiderthebenefitsandbroadersocietalcostsofdifferentshoppinganddeliveryoptions.Orelseweriskhardwiringinasetofexpectationsfightingwithourresponsibilitiestocutcarbonandimproveairqualityincities.”（在购物的下一步发展的早期阶段，我们必须考虑不同的购物和送货选择的好处和更广泛的社会成本。否则，我们就有可能抱着一套不切实际的期望，与削减碳排放和改善城市空气质量的责任作斗争。）可知，文章主要讲的是关于假日购物配送的担忧。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Groupdiscussionsareagreatwaytogetthingsdone.Youcanexploreatopic,eupwithaplanofaction,orsolveanissue,justtonameafew.____16____Don’tworry.Herearesometipsforyou.Alloweveryonetointroducethemselves.Tostartagroupdiscussion,youwillwanttomakesureeveryoneisfortable.Agoodwaytobreaktheiceistoleteveryoneintroducethemselves.Then,foraclassroomsetting,whatcouldbeabettericebreakeractivity?____17____Establishsomegroundrules.Beforelaunchingintothediscussion,makesureeveryoneknowstherulesofconduct.Rulescanbeestablishedasneeded.Herearesomegeneralones.Adviseeveryonetotreatoneanotherwithrespect.____18____Remindeveryonetobeawareoftime.Encouragepeopletoconsidertheirmentsseriously,andtoavoidbeingdefensiveifsomeonedisagrees.Explainthetopic.____19____Eveniftheparticipantsknowwhatthattopicis,givethemaquickrefresherbeforethediscussionbegins.Youcanintroducethetopicbyaskingquestions.Youcanalsoquicklyintroducetheidea.Saysomethinglike,“Asyouknow,todayinclasswe’regoingtodiscussguncontrol.”____20____Youdonotwanttoaskquestionswithasimple“yes”or“no”answer,especiallynotinitially.Yourquestionsshouldencouragepeopletosharemeaningfulthoughtsandideas.Questionscanbeconfusingtotheparticipants.Manyparticipantsmaynotknowtheanswersrightawaythemselves,soencouragethemtothinkduringdiscussion.A.Encourageeveryonetoparticipate.B.Askopenendedquestionstobegin.C.Makesurepeopleknownottointerrupt.D.Notsurehowtogetyourowngroupdiscussionstarted?E.Usually,agroupdiscussionwillbebasedaroundacentralissue.F.Youcould,forexample,haveeveryonesharetheirfavoriteicecreamflavor.G.Youmayinviteeachpersontosharewhattheyhavegotfromthediscussion.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.E20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条关于如何开启小组讨论的建议。16题详解】根据下文“Don’tworry.Herearesometipsforyou.(别担心。这里有一些建议给你。)”可知，本句应该引出文章主上旨，再结合下文的各个段首句，本文主要就如何开启小组讨论给出了儿条建议。选项D“Notsurehowtogetyourowngroupdiscussionstarted?(不知道如何开始自己的小组讨论?)”引出下文，与文意一致。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Agoodwaytobreaktheiceistoleteveryoneintroducethemselves.Then,foraclassroomsetting,whatcouldbeabettericebreakeractivity?(打破僵局的一个好方法是让每个人做自我介绍。那么，在课堂环境中，什么是更好的打破僵局的活动呢?)”可知，空处是在给出建议，如何在课堂环境中打破僵局。选项F“Youcould,forexample,haveeveryonesharetheirfavoriteicecreamflavor.(例如，你可以让每个人分享他们最喜欢的冰淇淋口味。)”正是介绍了一种打破僵局的方法。故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“Herearesomegeneralones.Adviseeveryonetotreatoneanotherwithrespect.(这里有一些基本规则。建议大家互相尊重。)”以及下文“Remindeveryonetobeawareoftime.(提醒每个人注意时间。)”可知，空处应承接上文，也是介绍小组讨论的基本规则，且形式上为祈使句。选项C“Makesurepeopleknownottointerrupt.(确保人们知道不要打断别人。)”既符合形式，内容也一致。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Explainthetopic.(解释话题)”可知，本段讲的是要解释一下所给的话题。空后“Eveniftheparticipantsknowwhatthattopicis,givethemaquickrefresherbeforethediscussionbegins.(即使参与者知道这个话题是什么，也要在讨论开始前让他们快速复习一下。)”可知，空处要围绕话题展开。选项E“Usually,agroupdiscussionwillbebasedaroundacentralissue.(通常，小组讨论将围绕一个中心问题展开。)”承上启下，符合文意。故选E。【20题详解】空处为段首句，为本段中心句。根据下文“Youdonotwanttoaskquestionswithasimple“yes”or“no”answer,especiallynotinitially.Yourquestionsshouldencouragepeopletosharemeaningfulthoughtsandideas.(你不会想问一个简单的“是”或“不是”的问题，尤其是一开始。你的问题应该鼓励人们分享有意义的想法和想法。)”可知，主要提出了用一些开放性问题来开启小组讨论这一建议。选项B“Askopenendedquestionstobegin.(开始时问一些开放式的问题。)”正是此意。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分35分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsoldbyfallingoffaboxcarinagoodsyardinAtlanticCityandlandingonmyhead.NowIcandimlyrememberthe___21___ofsunshineandwhatcolorredis.Itwouldbewonderfultoseeagain,buta(n)catastrophe(灾难)candostrangethingstopeople.It___22___tometheotherdaythatImightnothaveetolovelifeasIdoifIhadn’tbeenblind.Ibelieveinlifenow.IamnotsosurethatIwouldhavebelievedinitsodeeply,otherwise.Idon’tmeanthatIwouldpreferto___23___withoutmyeyes.IsimplymeanthatthelossofthemmademeappreciatethemorewhatIhadleft.Life,Ibelieve,asksforacontinuousseriesof___24___toreality.Inspiteofthefactthattheyarenevereasy,Ihadmyparentsandteacherstohelp.ThehardestlessonIhadtolearnwastobelieveinmyself.IfIhadn’tbeenabletodothat,Iwouldhave___25___andbeeachairrockeronthefrontporchfortherestofmylife.WhenIsaybeliefinmyself,Iamnottalkingabout___26___thekindofselfconfidencethathelpsmedownan___27___staircasealone.Thatispartofit.ButImeansomethingbiggerthanthat:anassurancethatIam,despite___28___,areal,positiveperson;thatthereisaspecialplacewhereIcanmakemyself___29___.Ittookmeyearstodiscoverandstrengthenthisassurance.Ithadtostartwiththemostelementarythings.Onceamangavemeanindoorbaseball,IthoughthewaslaughingatmeandIwashurt.“Ican’tusethis.”Isaid.“Takeitwithyou,”heurgedme,“androllitaround.”Thewords___30___inmyhead.“Rollitaround!”ByrollingtheballIcouldhearwhereit___31___.ThisgavemeanideahowtoachieveagoalIhadthought___32___:playingbaseball.AtPhiladelphia’sOverbrookSchoolfortheBlindIinventedasuccessfulvariationofbaseball.Wecalleditgroundball.AllmylifeIhavesetaheadofmeaseriesofgoalsandthentriedtoachievethem,oneatatime.Ihadtolearnmy___33___.ItwasnogoodcryingforsomethingthatIknewatthestartwaswildlyoutof___34___becausethatonly___35___thebitternessoffailure.Iwouldfailsometimesanyway,butontheaverage,Imadeprogress.21.A.attraction B.brightness C.warmth D.charm22.A.struck B.happened C.occurred D.appealed23.A.choose B.stay C.go D.see24.A.changes B.references C.trials D.adjustments25.A.brokendown B.brokenup C.brokeninto D.brokenwith26.A.possibly B.simply C.frankly D.essentially27.A.unbelievable B.unstable C.unfamiliar D.unlikely28.A.fear B.imperfection C.concern D.unfairness29.A.fit B.live C.stand D.advocate30.A.stuck B.hit C.slipped D.bent31.A.stopped B.fell C.overthrew D.went32.A.reasonable B.realistic C.impossible D.potential33.A.dreams B.abilities C.limitations D.achievements34.A.control B.pity C.charge D.reach35A.proposed B.invited C.included D.abandoned【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.B29.A30.A31.D32.C33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者四岁时由于事故导致失明，通过一次滚球的经历明白了自己也能完成以前认为不可能的事情。有了自信，一生就能为自己设定一系列的目标，然后努力一个个去实现它们。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我模糊地记得阳光的明媚和红色是什么颜色。A.attraction吸引；B.brightness亮度；C.warmth温暖；D.charm魅力。根据开头“IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsold”可知，作者四岁时失明，现在依稀记得阳光的“明亮”和红色是什么样子，这里指阳光的亮度。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：前几天我突然想到，如果我没有失明，我可能不会像现在这样热爱生活。A.struck罢工；B.happened发生；C.occurred出现，发生；D.appealed呼吁。由后文“mightnothaveetolovelife”，可知作者在假想，此处指作者“突然想到”如果作者不是盲人，他可能不会像现在这样热爱生活。表示“想到”是occurto，为固定搭配。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是说我宁愿没有眼睛，我只是想说，失去他们让我更加珍惜我所拥有的。A.choose选择；B.stay停留；C.go走，去，进展；D.see看见。由后文“IsimplymeanthatthelossofthemmademeappreciatethemorewhatIhadleft.”可知，作者是并不喜欢没有眼睛地“走下去生活”，只是失去光明，让作者更加珍惜所拥有的。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信，生活需要不断地适应现实。A.changes改变；B.references参照；C.trials尝试；D.adjustments调整；适应。由前文“IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsold”可知，作者变成了盲人，所以需要重新“调整适应”新的生活。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我不能做到相信自己，我就会崩溃，就会在轮椅上度过一生。A.brokendown崩溃，倒塌；B.brokenup分手；C.brokeninto闯进；D.brokenwith与……决裂。由上文“IfIhadn'tbeenabletodothat”可知，如果作者不相信自己，那他会“崩溃”并在轮椅上度过一生。故选A项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我说相信自己时，我并不是仅仅谈论那种帮我独自走下了一段不熟悉楼梯的自信。A.possibly可能地；B.simply简单地，仅仅；C.frankly坦白地；D.essentially本质上地。由后文“Thatispartofit”可知，不“仅仅”只有自信能帮作者走出，这只是一部分。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.unstable不稳定的；C.unfamiliar不熟悉的；D.unlikely不太可能的。由上文“selfconfidence”可知，此处指那种帮作者独自走下了一段不熟悉楼梯的自信，此空指“不熟悉的”楼梯。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我指的是比这更重要的东西：自信，尽管不完美，但是真实的积极的人。A.fear害怕；B.imperfection不完美；C.concern