职称英语报考指南

目录

一、职称英语报考指南1

二、职称英语考试技巧3

三、阅读练习50

［职称英语］

知识点讲解大全

2015年11月1日

一、职称英语报考指南

•报名时间

每年11月中下旬（双休日除外），逾期不再补报。

•考试时间

全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试一般为每年4月的第二个星期日举行

•考试级别/适用范围

以下是全国职称外语等级考试级别划分及适用范围，请大家根据自己的职称英语要求选

择报考。

考试等级申报职称职称系列A级B级C级

高校教师教授、副教授讲师

自然科学研究与社会科学研究研究员、副研究员助理研究员社会科学研究（研究员、副

研究员第二外语）

卫生技术（医、药、护、技）主任医（药、护、技）师副主任医（药、护、技）师⑴主治（管）

医（药、护、技）师⑵在县及县以下所属单位工作的人员申报正、副主任医（药、护、技）

师，在县及县以下所属单位工作的人员申报主治（管）医（药、护、技）师。

工程技术高级工程师（含教授级高级工程师）⑴工程师⑵在县及县以下所属单位工作

的人员申报高级工程师（含教授级高级工程师）⑵在县及县以下所属单位工作的人员申报工

程师。

农业技术农业技术推广研究员高级农艺师农艺师

实验技术高级实验师实验师

中学教师中学高级教师

中等专业学校教师高级讲师讲师

技工学校教师高级讲师（高级实习指导教师）讲师

经济专业高级国际商务师高级经济师国际商务师经济师助理国际商务师

会计专业高级会计师会计师

统计专业高级统计师统计师

审计专业高级审计师审计师

体育教练员国家级教练高级教练一级教练

工艺美术专业高级工艺美术师工艺美术师

翻译专业译审、副译审（第二外语）翻译（第二外语）

播音专业播音指导主任播音员一级播音员

新闻专业高级记者（高级编辑）主任记者（主任编辑）记者（编辑）

艺术（广播电视艺术）艺术一级艺术二级、主任舞台技师艺术三级、舞台技师

出版专业编审副编审编辑（一级校对）

文博专业、图书资料专业、档案专业研究馆员副研究馆员馆员

公证员一级公证员二级公证员三级公证员

律师一级律师二级律师三级律师

•报考类别的选择

综合类，理工类，卫生类考试原则上没有严格的界限。综合类文章可以考到理工类去，

理工类可以考到卫生类和综合类。三类考试之间没有严格界限区分。国家在每位考生评定职

称的时候，到底要求是理工类成绩，卫生类成绩，基本上国家还没有明确规定。假如你评定

主任医师，卫生类职称，你可以考综合类，也可以考卫生类。严格意义上没有很严格的要求。

到底决定报综合类，理工类，还是卫生类，有两个依据。首先问一下自己单位的人，要评定

职称要报什么类比较合适。如果单位没有明确要求和规定的话，可以根据自己的现实情况选

择，如果工作中接触的文章都是理工类的文章，那就报理工类。假如接触的文章是社会类文

章，那就报综合类。

•免考规定

取得外语（从事翻译工作人员及外语教师笫二外语）专业专科及以上学历的人员申报中、

高级职称评审;获得博士学位申报高级（含正高级）职称评审;获得硕士学位申报中级职称评审;

留学回国人员首次参加职称评审;申报副高级职称评审时已取得职称外语合格证书（含1977

年底前参加工作人员外语成绩达到45分）的人员申报正高级职称评审;参加《全国工商企业

出国培训备选人员外语考试》，通过中（I）级者申报中级职称评审，通过高（A）级者申报高级

职称评审等五类考生可免职称外语等级考试。

凡参加国家人事部和北京市人事局组织的各类专业技术资格考试和职（执）业资格考试

取得资格证书的人员，聘用单位可根据岗位需要自主决定对应聘人员的外语水平要求。凡

实行考评结合的系列（专业）及体育教练员、工艺美术、广播电视艺术、技校高级实习指导教

师系列（专业），外语考试成绩可不作为申报条件，其合格成绩或当年考试成绩作为职称评

审的要素之一。

•注意事项

为了保证报考信息的准确采集和处理，报考人员在报名和考试时要注意以下事项：

1、根据各省市人事厅（局）考试中心发布的报名程序和要求，到指定的报名点领取报名

表。如果规定实行光电阅读器一计算机自动采集报名信息，还要领取报名信息卡和《报考手

册》。由单位集体组织报名的，应按本人所在单位规定的具体程序报考。

2、如实、准确、工整地填写报名表中的各有关项目，并由所在单位加盖公章。使用报

名信息卡的，除按要求填写报名表外，还应严格按照《报考手册》中规定的填涂工具和填涂

要求，认真、准确添涂好报名信息卡。报名表和报名信息卡填好后，应认真检查，确保报名

的填写和报名信息卡的填涂准确无误。

3、携带报名表、报名信息卡、照片、身份证和其它所需证件到报名点办理报名手续，报名

点发给每一报考人员一个报名序号，该报名序号应保存好，以备后用。

二、职称英语考试技巧

给大家说说关心的“字典”问题：

针对职称英语考试中的第一部分词汇题，我建议大家带一本同义词词典（双解词典），

这类词典的特点是用几个同义词注解某一英文单词，大家可以非常方便地在注解中找到答

案。

有了字典，又该如何查呢？我经常听到有学员在答疑室中说:某某单词在字典里查不到，

其实不是字典里没有，而是他们不会查，最常见到的情况有两种：

第一种：分不清单词词性；如：

1.Beforeleavingthehouse,sheclosedthewindows.

2.Sheisclosetosuccess.

两句话里都有close,但是词性不同，第一句话里的是动词，因为有形式上的变化(-ed);

而第二句话里的close跟在is的后面，而且形式上没有变化，因此判断为形容词。当寻找

他们的同义词时，应针对不同的词性加以判断。这一点对于大家来说非常重要！

第二中：分不清划线单词是原形，现在分词或过去式：

如：Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.(P602)

advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised

如果去字典里查urged,当然是查不到的。

Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.(P461)

postedB.SentC.handedD.Given

接下来，我们一起练几题，大家可以八仙过海各显神通，看谁做得又快又好！

1.Practicallyallanimalscommunicatethroughsounds.

A.ClearlyB.AlmostC.AbsolutelyD.Basically

2.Thestorywasverytouching.

A.InspiringB.BoringC.MovingD.absorbing

Youshouldhaveblendedthebutterwiththesugarthoroughly.

A.SpreadB.MixedC.BeatenD.covered

4.Iwon'ttoleratethatkindofbehaviour.

A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take

5.TheindexisthegovernmentJschiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity.

A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner

阅读理解常用提问方式

1.有关主旨题的提问方式：

1）Themain（主要的）idea（思想，主意）ofthispassage（文章）is…

2）Whichofthefollowing（下列的）statements（句子）bestexpresses

（表达）themainideaofthepassage?

3）Thepassagemainlydiscusses（讨论）・•・

4）Thispassagemainlydealswith（涉及）・・•

5）TheauthorJspurpose（意图）inwritingthispassageis…

6）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.有关细节题的提问方式：

1）Somepeopledosth.because?

2）Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.

3）What・・・?Which・・・?Who（Whom）•••?When（Whattime）

4）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueexcept...?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentioned?

Whichofthefollowingismentioned?

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

3.有关词语释义题的提问方式：

1）Theword"・・•"inline（行）…refersto（指）…

2）Inparagraph4,“it”referto（means）

4.有关推理判断题的提问方式：

1）Itcanbeinferred（推断）fromthepassagethat.

2）Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred?

3）Itcanbeconcluded（结论）fromthepassagethat・••.

5.有关作者观点意图题的提问方式:

1）77?eauthorJsmain（主要的）purpose（目的）inthispassageis・・・.

2）72?eauthorJspurposeofwritingthispassageis.

3）InthispassagetheauthorJsattitude（看法）couldbest..

4）TheauthorJsmainthought（思想）isthat…

众所周知，阅读理解题的成败关乎到考试能否及格，所以一定要掌握好的解题方法，在

大家词汇量都不是很多的情况下，方法就显得极其重要！

阅读理解例题：

例一：

LightNight,DarkStars

1.Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheirnight

sky.Onaclearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallightstoblockthe

view,peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky,saysDennisWard,an

astronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）in

Boulder,Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurroundedbycitylights.hesays,they're

luckytosee150stars.

2.Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreat

distance,you'vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,

officebuildings,signs,andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthe

nightsky.Thishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleon

Earth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,making

stargazingdifficulto

3.Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsenthe

effectsotlightpollution,"Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollutionthan

another,MWardsays,“thatcitywillsuffertheeffectsoflightpollutiononamuch

greaterscale.”

4.Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.

5.Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,ruralareas.Light

fromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringtilefaintlightgivenoffby

distantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocatetheseobjects,theycan,tlearnmore

aboutthem.

6.Lightpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlife

too.It'sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooff

course”.ThereJsincreasingevidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsuse

sunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreausJr.,a

scientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,”

hesays,“ithasaverydisruptiveinfluence.”Sometimesbirdsflyintolighted

towers,highrises,andcablesfromradioandtelevisiontowers.Expertsestimate

thatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope.

BWhentheyareinalargecity.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolightpollution?

AAhazeoflightformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsandbuilding

lights.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceandilluminatethe

nightsky.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthenight.

DStargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeintheair.

3.DoesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomersJwork?Whydoeshe

thinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights.

BNo.Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudystarso

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclearnight

4.Howdoeslightpollutiotlaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities.

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitle“LightNight,Dark

Stars”?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

先理解标题，推测文章内容：LightNight,DarkStarso没有生词，明亮的夜晚，昏

暗的星空。只是看题目，还不易推测出文章的主要内容，因此，要快速浏览全文，看能否找

到出现频率较高的词或短语，它们有可能就是文章的核心！大家看到了我用黑线标出了出现

频率最多的短语：lightpollution.所以可以推测文章的内容和光污染有关。

接下来判断所给5题的题型，我们发现1至4都是细节题，因此只需要找到关键词逐

一回答即可。而第5题是主旨题，而且是最后一•题，所以要等文章读完后最后做。

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope当他们有一个非常不错的望远镜.

BWhentheyareinalargecity当他们在大城市时.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights当夜空中没

有云、月光和人造灯光时.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog当夜空没有阴霾和大雾时.

分析：关键词很容易找14000stars,在第一段出现了该词：

Thousandsofpeople（数以千计的人）aroundtheglobe（世界上）stepoutside（走

出去）togazeat（凝视）theirnightsky.Onaclear（晴朗的）night,withnoclouds,

moonlight,orartificial（人造的）lightstoblock（遮挡、挡住）theview,peoplecan

seemorethan14,000starsinthesky（答案C）,saysDennisWard,anastronomer

（天文学家）withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）in

Boulder,Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurrounded（被。。。包围）bycitylights.hesays,

they'reluckytosee150stars.

补充：请注意短语：beclearofsth:无阻碍、障碍、危险

如：Waituntiltheroadisclearoftrafficbeforecrossing」等到路上没车时再过马路。）

2.Whichofthefollowingstatements（叙述）isNOTrelatedto（同。。。有关）light

pollution?

AAhazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsandbuilding

lights（阴霾的光是由人造光而形成的，如路灯和建筑物的光）.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceandilluminatethe

nightsky来自于不同来源的光进入太空并照亮了夜空.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthenight夜

空由晚上大城市发出的光照亮.

DStargazing（star+gazing观望星星）becomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerof

hazeintheair由于空气中有一层霾，所以观望星星变得困难.

分析：本题的关键词是lightpollution,而且按照题目的题号应该在文章的前面，所以从第

二段找找看：

Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreat

,

distance（答案C）2youvewitnessed（见证、目睹）lightpollution.Itoccurswhen

lightfromstreetlights,officebuildings,signs,andothersourcesstreamsinto

spaceandilluminatesthenightsky（答案A,B表述）.Thishazeoflightmakesmany

starsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglow

fromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficult（请注意这句话并不是答案D,他们不

同，该句是说：甚至在晚上，许多像纽约这样的大城市所产生的灯光使观望星星变得困难。）

所以，D的表述同光污染没有关联。

3.DoesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomersJwork?Whydoeshe

thinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights因为曾经黑暗的乡

村地区被光污染了.

BNo.BecausetheyCallstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudystars

因为乡村地区不是一个好的研究星星的地方。

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclearnight

分析：题目是说：不断扩大的城市会影响天文学家的工作吗？为什么他会这样认为?

在A答案中我们可以看到线索词：polluted和lights.所以，根据阅读的规律，只要和线索

词有关的答案，多半就是最终答案。如果大家想检查答案是否正确的话，也可以带着关键词

astronomers去找答案：

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.

通过对句子的分析，排除答案B,D.留下A,C.在接下来的段落中可以对答案加以判断：

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbs（交B区）aregrowinginoncedark,rural

areas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuring（使。变得模

糊）thefaint（微弱的）lightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocate

（确定。。。的位置）theseobjects,theycan,tlearnmoreaboutthem.

总结：做阅读理解时大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心词，只要被选项中有核心内容的出

现就可以推测为正确答案！

4.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights

由于受到人造光的吸引，动物们可能偏离航向.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities.

动物们可能会受到人造光的吸引而进入城市

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

夜间的人造光可能会使迁徙的鸟类们迷路

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

由于受到人造光的吸引，鸟类飞进有光的建筑物里。

分析：题目是说：光污染是如何影响野生动物？下列哪个说法不正确？

关键词就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到内容：

Lightpollutiondoesn,tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It's

clearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooffcourse”（答案

A）.There'sincreasingevidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsets

andsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreausJr.,ascientistat

ClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,“hesays,

“ithasaverydisruptive（破坏，性的）influence（答案C）.”Sometimesbirdsflyinto

lightedtowers（答案D）,highrises,andcablesfromradioandtelevision

towers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

所以，答案B并未提到。

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosest（最接近的）inmeaning（意思）tothetitle"Light

Night,DarkStars"?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack夜空是浅色的而星星是黑色的.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark

光显现在夜晚而在黑暗中人们看见星星.

C,Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible

城市的灯光照亮了夜空而使得星星已经无法看见.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

夜晚的城市的灯光照亮了天空中的星星。

分析：本题是唯一的一道主旨题，所以需要纵观全文。通过我们对前4题的解答，完全可

以判断出文章的主题就是说：由于不断扩大的城市，越来越多的城市灯光，已经成为一种污

染，使得天空中的星星黯然失色，所以答案就是C。

例二：

DecliningInterestinDevelopingForeignLanguageSkills

1.AustraliaJsforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,voiceofAmericahasreported.

Newfiguresshowthatonly13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeaka

foreignlanguage.Butfourdecadesago,40percenthadforeignlanguageskills.

2.ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasingly

studentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheircareer.She

believesthatAustraliaJseconomicboom,whichisdrivenbyred-hotdemandfor

itsminerals,ishelpingmaskseriousdeficienciesinitslanguageskills.

3.AustraliadoesbusinessverysuccessfullyinEnglishwithmostofitstrading

partners.Butastheworld9seconomicpowershiftstoemergingregionssuchas

Asia,itslanguagegapcouldsoonbeexposed.Accordingtothenewfigures,less

than6.5percentofhighschoolgraduatesareproficientinanAsianlanguage.

AcademicsworrythatthismeansAustraliawillincreasinglybeisolatedfromits

economicallyimportantAsianneighbors.DilipDutta,fromtheeconomicsand

businessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetrading

opportunities.IfAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisvery

importantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertothe

culture.

4.ButstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutAsianlanguagelearningPippa

McCowage,a22-year-oldAustralianstudent,saysmanyyoungAustralianshave

ahalf-heartedapproachtoforeignlanguages,andthelanguagecurriculumis

oftenweak.uWhilewe'reencouragedinhighschooltolearnanotherlanguage,

it'snotreallyapparenttomeasarealisticexpectationthatyouwillhaveto

speakit,“saidMcCowage."Forexample,IlearnedJapaneseinhighschool,

whenIwentonanexchangeinYear10,IfoundthattheJapanesestudentsofmy

agehadamuchgreaterproficiencyinEnglishthanIdidinJapanese.Sointhat

sense,italmostdiscouragesyou.

5.Atpresent,about70percentofAustraliaJsmajorexportsgotoAsiaandthe

Australiangovernmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingclosereconomicand

diplomatictieswithAsia.Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld,s

economicpowerhouses,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitisto

takefulladvantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

1.Howmuchpercentofhighschoolgraduateswereproficientinforeign

languagesfortyyearsago?

A.70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.

B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentbeenkeenlyinterestedinstrengthening

tieswithAsia?

A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaJsmajorexportsgo.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternationalaffairs.

5.Theword''faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A）college.B）institute.C）university.D）department.

解题目：Declining衰退的Interest兴趣inDeveloping发展、开发ForeignLanguage

外语Skills技能，所以串在一起可以将之理解成：逐渐丧失提高外语技能的兴趣。通过理

解题目，我们可以推测一下，在文章中foreignlanguages和declininginterest应是核心

词。

接下来，来看5道题的题目，对出题方式加以判断：1,3,4都是细节题，而2题是推断

题；5题是词语释义题。针对不同出题方式的题目要以不同的方法加以应对。

1.Howmuchpercent百分数ofhighschoolgraduates（高中毕业生）wereproficient

（精通的）inforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago（40年前）?

A）70.B）13.C）40.D）6.5.

分析：这是细节题，关键词：highschoolgraduates,fortyyearsagoG位于第一题的位

置，所以答案应该来源于第一段：

AustraliaJsforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,VoiceofAmericahasreported.

Newfigures（数字）showthatonly13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeaka

foreignlanguage.Butfourdecades（一个decade是10年）ago（40年前）,40percent

hadforeignlanguageskills（答案的出处）.

2.Whatcanbeinferred（推测出）fromparagraph2?

A）Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.（澳大利亚有丰富的矿藏）

B）Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C）AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D）Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

分析：题目中有infer,所以该题是推断题。因此，需要读第二段，寻找核心内容，主要是

要找到关键句：

ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasinglystudents

donotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheircareer.Shebelieves

thatAustraliaJseconomicboom（经济的繁荣），whichisdriven（受到驱动）by

red-hot（非常有活力的）demand（要求）foritsminerals矿物（核心词），ishelping

mask掩盖seriousdeficiencies不足initslanguageskills.

注意：一般发现A、B、C、D四个选项中，哪个选项出现中心词，一般该选项就是正确答

案。

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

分析：这是一道标准的细节题，中心词就是：DilipDuttao带着它，我们可以在第三段里

搜索到相关的语句：

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomiceandbusinessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,says

languageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities（答案D出处！）.IFAustralians

wanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthe

languagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertotheculture.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernment（澳大利亚政府）beenkeenly（强烈地）

interestedinstrengthening（加强）ties（联系）withAsia（亚洲）?

A）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsg。

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternationalaffairs.

分析：从题目的类型来说，一定是细节题，找到核心词：Australiangovernment,keenly

interestedin,tieswithAsiao我们会发现核心词没有出现在第四段中，而在最后一段中

出现了：

Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia'smajorexports（主要的出口货物）goto

Asiaand（该词相当于so,因果关系连词）theAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeen

ondevelopingcloser（亲密的）economic（经济的）anddiplomatic（外交的）ties

withAsia（答案出处）.Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld's

economicpowerhouses（支柱）,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifit

istotakefulladvantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

5.Theword“faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A）college学院.B）institute学会、研究所

C）university大学.D）department系.

分析：这是一道词语释义题。大家可以查字典，也可以根据单词出现的前后文来判断：Dilip

Dutta,fromtheeconomics（经济学）andbusiness（贸易）facultyatSydney

University,ooo因为后面有…university,因此自然想到是大学里的“系

例三：

OlderVolcanicEruptions

1.Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausetheywere

bigger,butbecausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlifegreaterease.

2.PaulWignallfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetween

volcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilledofflarge

numbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctionsoverthepast300millionyears

coincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthe

massivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoremoredamagetheyseemedtodo.He

calculatedthe,killingefficiency”forthesevolcanoesbycomparingthe

proportionoflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflavathattheyproduced.He

foundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10timesaseffectiveat

wipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyearsago,is

markedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveranarearoughlythesizeof

westernEurope.Thosevolcanoesarethoughttohavepumpedoutabout10

gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.Theglobalwarmingthatfollowedwiped

out80percentofallmarinegeneraatthetime,andittook5millionyearsforthe

planettorecover.Yet60millionyearsago,therewasanotherhugeamountof

volcanicactivityandglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdid

disappearbutthingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears."The

mostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,"Wignallsays.Heignoredthe

extinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,becausemany

scientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.Hethinks

thatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswere

betteradaptedtodealingwithincreasedlevelsofCO2.

4.VincentCourtillot,directoroftheparisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,says

thatWignallJsideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhardtodothese

sortsofcalculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerofvolcaniceruptions

dependsonhowlongtheylasted.Anditisimpossibletotellwhetherthehuge

blastslastedforthousandsormillionsofyears.Healsoaddsthatitisdifficultto

estimatehowmuchlavaprehistoricvolcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolume

maynotnecessarilycorrespondtocarbondioxideemissions.

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecentones?

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

2.HowdidWignailcalculatethekillingpowerofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflavaproduced.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?

A)300millionyearsago.

B)250millionyearsago.

C)60millionyearsago.

D)65millionyearsago

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerningdinosaurs?

A)Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid.

B)Theydiedofdrasticclimatechange.

C)Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D)Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversialissue.

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?

A)Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B)Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C)Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D)Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.

解标题：OlderVolcanic（火山的）Eruptions（喷发）

本文讲的是远古火山喷发，所以oldervolcaniceruptions应是核心词。

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecentones?（为

什么远古火山喷发比近期喷发损害更大？）

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

分析：细节题。第一题，一般在开头段落寻找答案。

Volcanoesweremoredestructive（更具有破坏性的）inancienthistory（在古代的劳

历史中）,notbecause（不是因为）theywerebigger,butbecause（而是因为）the

carbondioxide（二氧化碳）theyreleased（他们所释放的，定语修饰前面的thecarbon

dioxide）wipedout擦去、抹去life生命greaterease（更容易）.

句子是说：古代的火山更具杀伤力，不是因为它们更大，而是因为它们释放出来的二氧化碳

更容易把人杀死。所以答案A表述的内容同本段相符。

2.How（如何，询问方式）didWignailcalculate（计算）thekillingpower（杀伤

力）ofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.通过估计他们持续多长时间。

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.通过数死去的恐龙的的数量

C.By