职称英语卫生类b级模拟54

职称英语卫生类B级模拟54

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为

接近的选项。

1>Sallylikestoteaseherbrotherabouthisgirlfriends.

A.charmB.laugh

atC.criticizeD.respect

2、America1semphasisontheimportanceofeducationforeveryonehasspurred

scientificresearch.

A.encouragedB.endangeredC.endorsedD.enlarged

3、Youhavetofollowtheguidewhosesoleinterestistocoverallspotsaccording

tohisstrictschedule.

A.obviousB.simpleC.onlyD.assumed

4、In1861zitseemedinevitablethattheSouthernstateswouldbreakawayfrom

theUnion.

A.strangeB.certainC.inconsistentD.pr

oper

5、Techniquestoharnesstheenergyofthesunarebeingdeveloped.

A.convertB.storeC.utilizeD.r

eceive

6、Firsteditionsofcertainpopularbookscannotbeobtainedforloveormoney.

A.atanyplaceB.atanypriceC.inanylanguageD.in

anycountry

7、Inabullfight,itisthemovement,notthecolorofobjectsthatarouses

thebull.

A.confusesB.excitesC.scaresD.

diverts

8、Sulfurhasoccasionallybeenfoundintheearthinanalmostpurestate.

A.regularlyB.accidentallyC.sometimesD.s

uccessfully

9、Manyfinecooksinsistoningredients（成分）ofthehighestquality.

A.demandB.relyonC.prepareforD.create

10>Thecompanyrecommendedthatanewpetrolstationbebuilthere.

A.orderedB.insistedC.suggestedD.dem

anded

11>Itishardfortheyoungpeopletoimaginewhatsevereconditionstheir

parentsoncelivedunder.

A.sincereB.hardC.strictD.tight

12>Theyagreedtosettlethedisputebypeacefulmeans.

A.solveB.determineC.untieD.co

mplete

13>Thepolicecontendedthatthedifficultiestheyfacedweretoosevere.

A.arguedB.predictedC.saidD.sug

gested

14、Heexpressedconcernthattheshipmightbeindistress.

A.despairB.difficultyC.needD.

danger

15>Themostpressingproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarce

resources.

A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifyingD.u

rgent

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供

的是正确的信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误的信息，请选择B；如果该句的信

息稳重没有提及，请选择C。

BillGates：UnleashingYourCreativity

I*vealwaysbeenanoptimistsandIsupposethatisrootedinmybelief

thatthepowerofcreativityandintelligencecanmaketheworldabetter

place.

ForaslongasIcanremember,I*velovedlearningnewthingsandsolving

problems.SowhenIsatdownatacomputerforthefirsttimeinseventhgrade,

Iwashooked.Itwasachunkyoldteletypemachineanditcouldbarelydo

anythingcomparedtothecomputerswehavetoday.Butitchangedmylife.

WhenmyfriendPaulAllenandIstartedMicrosoft30yearsago,wehad

avisionof"acomputeroneverydeskandineveryhome,Hwhichprobablysounded

alittletoooptimisticatatimewhenmostcomputerswerethesizeof

refrigerators.Butwebelievedthatpersonalcomputerswouldchangetheir

world.Andtheyhave.

Andafter30years,I'mstillasinspiredbycomputersasIwasbackin

seventhgrade.

Ibelievethatcomputersarethemostincredibletoolwecanusetofeed

ourcuriosityandinventiveness—tohelpussolveproblemsthateventhesmartest

peoplecouldn*tsolveontheirown.

Computershavetransformedhowwelearn,givingkidseverywhereawindow

intoalloftheworld1sknowledge.They1rehelpingusbuildcommunitiesaround

thethingswecareaboutandtostayclosetothepeoplewhoareimportant

tous,nomatterwheretheyare.

LikemyfriendWarrenBuffettzIfeelparticularlyluckytodosomething

everydaythatIlovetodo.Hecallsit"tap-dancingtowork".Myjobat

Microsoftisaschallengingasever,butwhatmakesme11tap-dancingtowork"

iswhenweshowpeoplesomethingnew,likeacomputerthatcanrecognizeyour

1

handwritingoryourspeech,oronethatcanstorealifetimesworthofphotosz

andtheysay,HIdidn11knowyoucoulddothatwithaPC!

ButforallthecoolthingsthatapersoncandowithaPC,therearelots

ofotherwayswecanputourcreativityandintelligencetoworktoimprove

ourworld.Therearestillfartoomanypeopleintheworldwhosemostbasic

needsgounmet.Everyyear,forexample,millionsofpeoplediefromdiseases

thatareeasytopreventortreatinthedevelopedworld.

Ibelievethatmyowngoodfortunebringswithitaresponsibilitytogive

backtotheworld.Mywife,Melinda,and工havecommittedtoimprovinghealth

andeducationinawaythatcanhelpasmanypeopleaspossible.

Asafather,IbelievethatthedeathofachildinAfricaisnolesspoignant

ortragicthanthedeathofachildanywhereelse,andthatitdoesn11take

muchtomakeanimmensedifferenceinthesechildren*slives.

I*mstillverymuchanoptimist,andIbelievethatprogressoneventhe

world*stoughestproblemsispossible—andit1shappeningeveryday.We1re

seeingnewdrugsfordeadlydiseasesznewdiagnostictoolszandnewattention

paidtothehealthproblemsinthedevelopingworld.

11mexcitedbythepossibilitiesIseeformedicine,foreducationand,

ofcourse,fortechnology.AndIbelievethatthroughournaturalinventiveness,

creativityandwillingnesstosolvetoughproblems,we1regoingtomakesome

amazinginalltheseareasinmylife.

16、AcomputerwasasbigasaniceboxwhenBillGateswasahighschoolstudent.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>BillGateshasbeendreamingofthepopularityofcomputersforhislifetime.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、BillGatescompareshishardworkonaPCto"tap-dancingtowork".

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>ToBillGates*mind,thereisabigdifferencebetweenthedeathofthe

poor*schildrenandthedeathoftherich1schildren.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、SofarBillGateshascontributedseveraldozenbilliondollarstothe

charities.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、BillGatesandhiswifeconsiderittheirdutytohelpthepoorbetter

theirhealthandeducationasmuchaspossible.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22>BillGateswillleaveonlyasmallportionofhiswealthforhischildren.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：①第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1〜4段每段

选择1个最佳标题；②第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选

项。

GinsengShowsBenefitsinCancerTreatment

Flaxseedslowedthegrowthofprostatetumorsinmen,whileginsenghelped

relievethefatiguethatcancerpatientsoftenfeel,U.S.researchersreported

onSaturdayintwoofthefirstscientificallyrigorouslooksatalternative

medicine.

Thestudiesreflectdoctor1seffortstoexploretherisksandbenefits

offoodsandsupplementsthatareroutinelytakenbytheirpatientswithlittle

scientificprooftheyhelp.Americansspendbetween$36billionand$46billion

ayearoncomplementaryandalternativetherapieszaccordingtotheNational

CenterforHealthStatistics."Patientsaretakingthesecompoundsbutwe

needtoknowiftheyaredoinganygoodoranyharm,'*saidDr.BruceCheson

ofGeorgetownUniversityHospitalinWashington,wholedapanelonalternative

therapiesatameetingoftheAmericanSocietyofClinicalOncology.

Intheflaxseedstudy,researchersatDukeUniversityMedicalCenterin

NorthCarolinaandcolleaguesevaluatedtheseed1sroleasafoodsupplement

in161menwhowerescheduledtoundergosurgeryforprostatecancer."The

growthratewasdecreasedinthemenwhogotflaxseed,nsaidDr.NancyDavidson,

anoncologistatJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimorewhoispresidentelect

ofASCO.HIthinkthisisfascinating."Flaxseedisrichinomega-3fatty

acidsandligninszafiberfoundontheseedcoat."Wewerelookingatflaxseed

becauseofitsuniquenutrientprofile,HsaidWendyDemark-Wahnefried,a

researcherinDuke1sSchoolofNursing,wholedthestudy.

Halfofthemeninthestudyadded30gramsofflaxseeddailytotheir

dietsforabout30days.Halfoftheflaxseedgroupalsowentonalow-fat

diet.Afterthesurgery,thecancerceilsinboththeflaxseedgroupsgrew

about30to40percentslowerthanthecontrolgroup.

ButWendyDemark-Wahnefriedisnotreadytoprescribeflaxseed.*'It*sa

healthyfood.Ithasalotofvitaminsandalotoffiber.Butwecannot

definitelysayatthispointyoushouldtakeflaxseedbecauseitisprotective

againstprostatecancer,"shesaid,addingthatflaxseednowneededtobe

studiedtoseeifitcanpreventprostatecancer.

Intheginsengtrial,DebraBartonoftheMayoClinicinRochester,Minnesota,

andcolleaguestestedthreedifferentdosesoftheherbonpatientswitha

varietyofcancerswhowereexpectedtoliveatleastsixmonths.Twenty-five

percentofpatientstakinga1,OOOmgdoseandtwenty-sevenpercentofpatients

takinga2,00Omgdosesaidtheirfatiguesymptomswere"moderatelybetter"

or"muchbetter".Only10percentofthosetakinga75Omgdosereportedan

improvementzwhichwasaboutthesameastheplacebogroup.Patientsinthe

trialtookWisconsinginsengfromasinglecropthatwastestedforuniform

potency.Itwaspoweredandgiveninacapsuleform.111wouldn11havepredicted

this,Ihavetoadmit,”Davidsonsaidinaninterview."Wemightwanttotest

thisinalargescale.n

TheflaxseedstudywasfundedbytheNationalInstitutesofHealthand

theginsengstudywassupportedbyU.S.PublicHealthServicegrants.

A.TheMotivationofFlaxseedStudy

B.TheStudyonGinsengDisplaysItsGoodPromise

C.TheDoctor*sResponsibilitiesLedthemtoCarryOutTheseTwoStudies

D.GinsengIsasGoodtoCancerPatientsasFlaxseed

E.TheMethodsandResultsoftheStudyonFlaxseed

F.ADifferentOpinionontheUseofFlaxseed

23、Paragraph2_______

24、Paragraph4_______

25、Paragraph5_______

26>Paragraph6_______

27、A.thatledtheresearchersinDuke*sSchoolofNursingtostudyit

B.bygivingdifferentdosesoftheherbtopatientswithdifferentcancers

C.whetherthefoodsandsupplementspatientstookeverydayweregood

ornot

D.thoughbothflaxseedandginsengareallhealthyalternativemedicines

E.thateitherofthemisbeneficialtocancerpatients

F.becausewestillhavetoseeifflaxseedcanpreventprostatecancer

DoctorsintheU.S.wantedtoknow.

28、Bothstudiesonflaxseedandginsengshow.

29、Itistheuniquenutrientprofileofflaxseed.

30、Intheginsengtrialtheresearcherstestedthepotencyofginseng.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

Single-parentKidsDoBest

Singlemumsarebetteratraisingtheirkidsthantwoparents—atleast

inthebirdworld.Motherzebrafincheshavetoworkharderandraisefewer

chicksontheirown,buttheyalsoproducemoreattractivesonswhoaremore

likelytogetamate.

Thefindingshowsthatfamilyconflictisasimportantanevolutionary

drivingforceasecologicalfactorssuchashuntingandfoodsupply.With

twoparentsaround,there1salwaysaconflictofinterests,whichcanhave

adetrimentaleffectonthequalityoftheoffspring.

Inevolutionaryterms,thebeststrategyforanyparentintheanimalworld

istofindsomeoneelsetocarefortheiroffspring,sotheycanconcentrate

onbreedingagain.Soit1snormalforparentstotrytopassthebucktoeach

other.ButIanHartleyfromtheUniversityofLancasterandhisteamwondered

howfamiliessolvethisconflict,andhowtheconflictitselfaffectsthe

offspring.

Tofindout,theymeasuredhowmucheffortzebrafinchparentsputinto

raisingtheirbabies.Theycomparedsinglefemaleswithpairs,bymonitoring

theamountoffoodeachparentcollected,andremovingoraddingchicksso

thateachpairofbirdswasraisingfourchickszandeachsinglemumhad

two—supposedlythesameamountofwork.

Butsinglemums,theyfound,putinabout25%moreeffortzthanfemales

rearingwiththeirmate.Toavoidbeingexploited,motherswithapartner

holdbackfromworkingtoohardifthefatherisbeinglazy,andit1sthe

chicksthatpaytheprice.'*Theoffspringsuffersomeofthecostofthis

conflict,"saysHartley.

Thecostdoesnotshowinanyobviousdecreaseinsizeorweight,butin

howattractivetheyaretotheoppositesex.Whenthechicksweremature,

theresearcherstestedthe"fitness"ofthemaleoffspringbyofferingfemales

theirchoiceofpartner.Thosemalesrearedbysinglemumswerechosenmore

oftenthanthosefromtwo-parentfamilies.

Sexualconflicthaslongbeenthoughttoaffectthequalityofcaregiven

tooffspring,sayszoologistRebeccaKilneratCambridgeUniversity,whoworks

onconflictofparentsinbirds."Buttheexperimentalevidenceisnotgreat.

Thebreakthroughhereisshowingitempirically."Moresurprising,saysKilner,

isHartley*sstatementthatconflictmaybeastronginfluenceontheevolution

ofbehavior,clutchsizeandevenappearance.11Peoplehavenotreallymade

thatlink,"saysHartley.Afemale1sreproductivestrategyisusuallythought

tobeaffectedbyhuntingandfoodsupply.Kilnersaysconflictofparents

shouldnowbetakenintoaccountaswell.

31、Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorprobablyagree?

A.Singlemumsproducestrongersons.

B.Singlemumsdonotproducedaughters.

C.Two-parentfamiliesproducelessattractivechildren.

D.Two-parentfamiliesproducemorebeautifulof{spring.

32、Accordingtothepassage,inwhatwaydoesfamilyconflictaffectthe

qualityoftheoffspring?

A.Theyoungmalesgetlesscare.

B.Theyoungfemaleswilldecreaseinweight.

C.Theoffspringwillbecomelazyfathersormothersinthefuture.

D.Theoffspringwillnotgetmatureeasily.

33、WhatistherelationshipbetweenParagraph4andParagraph5?

A.Causeandeffect.

B.Experimentandresult.

C.Problemandsolution.

D.Topicandcomment.

34、AccordingtoHartley,whichofthefollowingisNOTinfluencedbysexual

conflict?

A.Theevolutionoftheoffspring1sbehavior.

B.Thelookoftheoffspring1sfaces.

C.Thenumberofeggsproducedbyoneoffspringatatime.

D.Theoffspring1sbodysize.

35、Accordingtothepassage,peoplebelievethatafemale*sreproductive

strategyisinfluencedby.

A.anevolutionarydrivingforce

B.aconflictofinterests

C.ecologicalfactors

D.thequalityoftheoffspring

箪一曾

勿J—、At+j

ProlongingHumanLife

Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Many

peoplealivetodaywouldhavediedofchildhooddiseasesiftheyhadbeen

born100yearsago.Becausemorepeoplelivelonger,therearemorepeople

aroundatanygiventime.Infactzitisadecreaseindeathrates,notan

increaseinbirthrateszthathasledtothepopulationexplosion.

Prolonginghumanlifehasalsoincreasedthedependency（依赖）load.In

allsocieties,peoplewhoaredisabledortooyoungortoooldtoworkare

dependentontherestofsocietytoprovideforthem.Inhuntingandgathering

cultures,oldpeoplewhocouldnotkeepupmightbeleftbehindtodie.In

timesoffamine（饥荒）,infantsmightbeallowedtodiebecausetheycould

notsurviveiftheirparentsstarved（饥饿）,whereasiftheparentssurvived

theycouldhaveanotherchild.Inmostcontemporarysocieties,peoplefeel

amoralobligationtokeeppeoplealivewhethertheycanworkornot.Wehave

agreatmanypeopletodaywholivepasttheageatwhichtheywanttowork

orareabletowork；wealsohaveruleswhichrequirepeopletoretireat

acertainage.Unlessthesepeoplewereabletosavemoneyfortheirretirement,

somebodyelsemustsupportthem.IntheUnitedStateszmanyretiredpeople

liveonsocialsecuritycheckswhicharesolittlethattheymustlivein

nearpoverty.Olderpeoplehavemoreillnessthanyoungormiddleaged（中

年）people；unlesstheyhavewealthorprivateorgovernmentinsurance,they

mustoften"goonwelfare（福利）"iftheyhaveaseriousillness.

Whenolderpeoplebecomesenileortooweakandilltocareforthemselves,

theycreategraveproblemsfortheirfamilies.Inthepastandinsometraditional

cultures,theywouldbecaredforathomeuntiltheydied.Today,withmost

membersofahouseholdworkingorinschool,thereisoftennooneathome

whocancareforasickorweakperson.Tomeetthisneed,agreatmanynursing

homesandconvalescenthospitalshavebeenbuilt.Theseareoftenprofit-making

organizations,althoughsomearesponsoredbyreligiousandothernonprofit

groups.Whileafewoftheseinstitutionsaregood,mostofthemaresimply

ndumpinggrounds"forthedyinginwhich"care"isgivenbypoorlypaid,

overworked,andunder-skilledpersonnel.

36、Thewriterbelievesthatthepopulationexplosionresultsfrom.

A.anincreaseinbirthrates

B.theindustrialdevelopment

C.adecreaseindeathrates

D.culturaladvances

37、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinhuntingandgatheringcultures

A.itwasamoralresponsibilitytokeepold-agedpeoplealive

B.infantscouldbeleftdeadintimesofstarvation

C.parentshadtoimparttheculturalwisdomofthetribetotheirchildren

D.deathwasconsideredtobefreedomfromhardships

38、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutretired

peopleintheUnitedStatesisTRUE?

A.Manyofthemhaveaveryhardlife.

B.Theycannotliveadecentlifewithoutenoughbanksavings.

C.Theyrelymainlyontheirchildrenforfinancialsupport.

D.Mostofthemlivewiththeirchildrenandthereforearewelllooked

after.

11

39、InParagraph3zthephrasethisneed"refersto

A.theneedtoprolongthelivesofoldpeople

B.theneedtoenrichthelifeoftheretiredpeople

C.theneedtobuildprofit-makingnursinghomes

D.theneedtotakecareofsickandweakpeople

40、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter1sattitudetowardmost

ofthenursinghomesandconvalescenthospitals?

A.Sympathetic.

B.Unfriendly.

C.Optimistic.

D.Critical.

如第-二-篇

HypertensionDrugsFoundtoCutRiskofStroke

AustraliandoctorsdeclaredMondaythatacocktailofsimple

antihypertensivedrugscanlowertheriskofpatientssufferingarepeatstroke

bymorethanathird.Thisistheresultoftheirresearch.Theresearch,

presentedatamedicalconferenceinItalyovertheweekend,hasbeenvalued

highlyasamajorbreakthroughinstrokeprevention.

Strokeskill5millionpeopleayear,andmorethan15millionsuffernonfatal

strokesthatoftenleavethemwithuselesslimbs,slurredspeechandother

seriousdisabilities.Oneinfivestrokesurvivorsgoesontohaveasecond,

oftenfatalzstrokewithin