【2024年中秋节】2025届高考英语传统文化专题之中秋节专题课件

Contents1234TheintroductiontotheMid-AutumnFestivalThelegendsoftheMid-AutumnFestivalThedevelopmentoftheMid-AutumnFestivalThecustomsoftheMid-AutumnFestivalTheblessingsabouttheMid-AutumnFestivalThepoemsabouttheMid-AutumnFestival

56TheintroductiontotheMid-AutumnFestival(中秋介绍)

1WhenistheMid-AutumnFestival?TheMid-AutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thdayofthe8thlunarmonth.Discuss:DoyouknowseveralnamesoftheMid-AutumnFestival?theMid-Autumn

FestivaltheMoonFestivaltheMooncakeFestivalZhongqiuFestivalDiscuss:WhyisthisfestivalcalledtheMid-AutumnFestival?

Theword

“zhongqiu”firstappearedinZhouLi.AccordingtotheancientChinesecalendar,therearefourseasonsinayear,andeachseasonhasthreemonths,whicharerespectivelycalledMengyue,zhongyueandqiyue,becausethesecondmonthofautumniscalledzhongyue,andbecausethe15thdayoftheeighthmonthinthelunarcalendarisinthemiddleofAugust,itiscalled“theMid-AutumnFestival”.IntheearlyTangdynasty,theMid-AutumnFestivalbecameafixedholiday.

“中秋”一词，最早见于《周礼》。根据我国古代历法，一年有四季，每季三个月，分别被称为孟月、仲月、季月三部分，因为秋季的第二月叫仲月，且又因农历八月十五日在八月中旬，故称“中秋”。到了唐朝初年，中秋节才成为了固定的节日。Discuss:WhatisthepurposeoftheMid-AutumnFestival?Originally,theword“autumn”isinterpretedas“crops’mature”.Augustisatimewhenmanycropsareripening.Toexpresstheirgratitudefortheyear’ssupplyoffood,farmerscelebratetheharvestonAugust15.Theywillalsoprayforgoodweatherinthecomingyear.Therefore,theMid-AutumnFestivalisaharvestfestival.TheMoononAugust15isfullerandbrighterthanthefullmoonsofothermonths.Whenpeoplelookuptothebrightmoon,theroundshapeforChinesepeoplemeansfamilyreunion.Thewanderersalwaysuseittoexpressthefeelingsofhomesicknessandlovedones,sotheMid-AutumnFestivalisalsoknownastheReunionFestival.Onthatday,sonsanddaughterswillbring

their

family

members

back

totheirparents’housefora

reunion.

Whichfestivalsofthesearethefourfestivalsofourcountry?ChineseNewYear

wintersolstice(冬至)DragonBoatFestivalTheMid-AutumnFestivalTheChineseSaintValentine'sDayTheDoubleNinthFestivalLanternFestivalNewYear'sEveColdFoodFestivalTheLongtaitouFestivalCommunityDay(社日节)HungryGhostFestival（双元节）Tomb-SweepingDayChineseNewYear,Tomb-SweepingDay,DragonBoatFestival,andMid-AutumnFestivalarefourmajortraditionalChinesefestivals.中秋节与春节、清明节、端午节并称为中国四大传统节日。TheMid-AutumnFestivalisChina'ssecondlargestafterthetraditionalSpringFestival.ThedevelopmentoftheMid-AutumnFestival(中秋的发展)

2

TheMid-AutumnFestivalhasalonghistoryofover3,000years.Inancient1

（time),emperors

followed

the

rite

of

2(offer)sacrifices

tothesuninthespringandtothemooninautumn.Lateraristocrats

[əˈrɪstəˌkræt](贵族)andliteraryfigures(文学人士)

helped

expand

theceremony3common

people.

They

4(worship)the

fullmoon

and

expressedtheirfeelings.

By

the

Tang

Dynasty,

the

Mid-autumnFestival

5

(fix),

whichbecame

even6

(grand)

in

the

Song

Dynasty.In

the

Mingand

Qing

dynasties,it

was7

major

festival

ofChina.

TheMid-autumnDay8(originate)fromthemoon-worshippinginthePre-QinPeriod.Accordingtothetextualresearch,thefirstFestivalofSacrificetotheMoonfellonthe“Autumnequinox”ofthesolarterm.9,duetocalendarintegration,thelunarcalendar10(adopt).TheFestivalofSacrificetotheMoonwasadjustedfromthe“Autumnequinox”ofthegan-zhicalendartothe15thdayofthe8thmonthofthelunarcalendar.ThedevelopmentoftheMid-AutumnDay

语篇填空timesofferingtoworshipped/worshipedhadbeenfixedgranderaoriginatedHoweverwasadoptedSince2008,theMid-AutumnFestivalhasbeenlistedasanationalstatutoryholiday.自2008年起中秋节被列为国家法定节假日。On20May2006,theStateCouncilofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaaddedittotheFirstNationalIntangibleCulturalHeritageList.2006年5月20日，中华人民共和国国务院将其列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

ThebriefhistorytotheMid-AutumnDayZhouDynastyEarlyTangDynastySongDynastyYuanDynastyoriginationmooncakeseatenafixedfestivalpopularMingandQinDynastiesfashionablepeakapublicholidayIn2008HanDynastyprevalentLegend1---Chang'e

flying

to

the

moon(中秋传说之---嫦娥奔月)

3Inancienttimes,thereweretensunsinthesky,whichmadeallcropsscorchedanddrovepeopleintopoverty.AheronamedHouYishotdowntheninesuperfluoussuns.Forthisreason,hewasrespectedandlovedbypersons.Manyapersonlearnedmartialartsfromhim,includingapersonnamedPengMeng.

Oneday,on

his

way

to

the

KunlunMountain

he

cameacrossthe

EmpressWangmuwho

was

passingby.EmpressWangmu

presented

himwitha

parcel

of

elixir,bytaking

which,

one

would

ascendimmediately

to

heaven

and

become

a

celestial

being.However,Hou

Yi

hated

to

part

with

Chang

E,his

beautifulwife.So

hegave

the

elixir

to

her

to

keepitaway.Unexpectedly,

itwas

seen

by

Peng

Meng.

One

day,

afterHou

Yi

went

hunting,

Peng

Mengburst

into

the

room,forcing

Chang’eto

hand

over

the

elixir.

Incaseofemergency,Chang’e

took

the

elixir

and

swallowed

it

in

notime.Her

body

floated

off

the

ground,

dashed

out

of

the

window

and

flew

totheheaven.

Hou

Yi

hadnochoicebuttohavean

incense

table

arranged

in

the

back

garden,putting

sweetmeats

and

fresh

fruits

Chang’e

enjoyed

most

on

it.He

held

a

ceremony

for

Chang’e

in

the

palace

of

the

moon.

When

people

heard

of

the

story,they

arrangedthe

incense

table

in

the

moonlight,praying

Chang’e

for

goodfortune

and

peace.

Since

then,

the

custom

ofworshiping

the

moon

hasbeenspread

among

thepeople.Legend2---ZhuYuanzhangandcakesuprising(中秋传说之---朱元璋和月饼起义)

3In

1368,

thebroadmassesofthepeoplewereunabletobearthecruelruleoftheYuanDynasty,andtheyrevoltedagainsttheyuan.ZhuYuanzhangjoinedforcesofresistancetopreparefortheuprising.

Butitwasverydifficulttopassthenewsof"Augustfifteennightuprising".Zhu’sadviser,LiuBowen,putforwardaplantohavetherallying

message

hidden

in

sweetpastriesandsentittotherebelarmy.ZhuYuanzhangsuccessfullyoverthrewtheYuanemperorsandfoundedtheMingDynasty(1368-1644).Lateron,thecustomofeatingmooncakesontheMid-AutumnFestivalwasspreadamongthepeople.Legend3---WuGangchoppingthetree(中秋传说之---吴刚伐桂)

3

TherewasapersoncalledWuGanginHandynasty.Hewasashiftlessfellowwhochangedapprenticeships

allthetime.Onedayhewantedtobean

immortal,sohe

importunedanimmortaltoteachhim.Firsttheimmortal

taughthimhowtousetheherbs

tocuresickness,butafter

threedays,hischaracteristicrestlessnessreturnedandheaskedtheimmortaltoteachhimsomethingelse.Sotheimmortaltaughthimtoplaychess,butaftera

shortwhile,hisenthusiasmagainwaned.ThenWuGangwasgiventhebooksofimmortalitytostudy.Ofcourse,hebecameboredwithinafewdays,andaskedifthey

couldtraveltosomenewandexcitingplaces.AngeredwithWuGang'simpatience,themaster

banishedWuGangtotheMoonPalace,tellinghimthathemustcutdownahugecassiatree

beforehecouldreturntoearth.ThoughWuKangchoppeddayandnight,themagicaltree

restoreditselfwitheachblow,andthusheisuptherechoppingstill.Legend4---JadeRabbitsMashingHerbs(中秋传说之---玉兔捣药)

3

Boththemonkeyandthefoxgavethegodsomethingtoeat,buttherabbit

gavehimnothing.Inordernottomakethepoormanhungry,therabbitsaid:"youeatmyflesh!"Withthewords,itwasabouttojumpintothefire.Movedbythekindnessofthehabit,thegodsenttherabbittothepalaceofthemoontoaccompanyChang'etomaketheelixir.Itissaidthattherewasagoddisguisinghimselfasapoorman.Hebeggedseparatelyforfoodfromafox,amonkeyandarabbit.

Thefirstversion

Oneday,theemperorsummonedthemale

rabbittoheaven.

Themalerabbitreluctantlylefthiswifeandchildren,steppingonthecloudstoheaven.WhenhecametotheSouthernGateofHeaven,hesaw

Chang’eheldbytheVenusaswellasthedivinetroopsfromheaven(天兵天将).

Therabbitfairydidn'tknowwhathadhappened,soheaskedtheGodwhowasguardingtheGateofHeaven.Chang'elonelinessandsadnessintheMoonPalacefilledthebunnywithgriefafterhearingherstory.IfonlysomeoneweretoaccompanyChang'e.Suddenly,hethoughtofhisfourdaughters,heimmediatelyrushedhome.ThesecondversionLegendhasitthatalongtimeago,acoupleofrabbitswhohadpracticedMillenniumbecameimmortal.Theyhadfourlovelydaughters,allborntopurecute.

ThemalerabbittoldthefemaleaboutChang'estory,sayinghewantedtosendachildtoaccompanyher.AlthoughthefemalerabbitdeeplysympathizedwithChang'e,butshedidn’twanttogiveupherpreciousdaughter,which

wasequivalenttocuttingoffhermeat!Fourdaughterswerereluctanttoleavetheirparents,withtearsstreamingdowntheirfaces.“IfIwerelockedupalone,wouldyoustaywithme?”saidthemale.“Can’twefeelsorryforChang'e

whohassufferedinordertosavethepeople?Wecannotthinkonlyofourselves,mychildren.”

Thechildrenreadthefather'smindandexpressedtheirwillingnesstogo.Themaleandfemalerabbitssmiledwithtearsintheireyes.Theydecidedtolettheyoungestdaughtergo.

LittleJadeRabbitbidfarewelltohisparentsandsisters,flyingtotheMoonPalacetolivewithChang'e!(ThecustomsabouttheMid-AutumnFestival)

4WorshipingtheMoon（祭月）AccordingtothelegendoftheMid-AutumnFestival,Chang’elivesonthemoonwitharabbit.OnthenightoftheMoonFestival,peopleusuallysetatablewithmooncakes,fruitsandapairoflightedcandlesonit.PeoplebelievethatChang’emayfulfilltheirwishesbyworshipingthemoon.Offeringtothemoonisaveryancientcustom.Infact,itisanactivityforworshippingthemoongod.Thecustomofappreciatingthemooncomesfromofferingsacrificestothemoon.ItissaidthatthemoononthenightofMid-AutumnFestivalisthebrightestandthemostbeautiful.ThefullmoonisthesymboloffamilyreunionsinChineseculture.AppreciatingtheMoon（赏月）MooncakesarethemostrepresentativefoodfortheMooncakeFestival,becauseoftheirroundshapeandsweetflavor.Familymembersusuallygatherroundandcutamooncakeintopiecesandshareitssweetness.各种月饼的英文说法月饼：

Mooncake冰皮月饼：SnowSkinMooncake豆沙月饼：RedBeanPasteMooncake五仁月饼：Five-nutsMooncakes蛋黄月饼：EggYolkMooncake莲蓉月饼：LotusSeedPasteMooncake鲜肉月饼：PorkMooncakeEatingMooncakes（吃月饼）TheroundnessofthemoonrepresentsthereunionofthefamilyinChina.FamilieswillhavedinnertogetherontheeveningoftheMooncakeFestival.EnjoyingFamilyReunions（全家团圆）

在古时候，忽有一年，北京城里闹起了瘟疫。几乎每家都有人得了病，可就治不好。月中的嫦娥看到人间如此情景，心里十分难过，就派身边的玉兔去为百姓们治病。玉兔挨家挨户治好了很多人的病。消除了京城的瘟疫之后，玉兔就回到月宫中去了。人们为了感谢玉兔，就用泥塑造了玉兔的形象，被民间亲切地称为“兔儿爷”。

RabbitFigurinesstemsfromalegend.Oneyear,therewasaplagueinBeijing.Someonewassickinalmosteveryfamily,andtherewasnocurefortheplague.

Seeingsuchascene,Chang'ewasverysad,soshesentjaderabbittotreatthepeople.The

rabbitwentfromdoortodoor,curingmanypeople.Aftereliminatingtheplague,theJadeRabbitwentbacktotheMoonPalace.Withgratitude,peopleusedmudtocreatetheimageoftheJadeRabbit,whichwasaffectionatelyknownasthe“RabbitFigurine”.PlayingRabbitFigurine（玩兔儿爷）Nowmanypeoplerefertoitasamascotforthefriendsandrelatives.Itssignificanceistoprayforgoodluckandhappiness.Burninglamps（燃灯）AfewdaysbeforetheMid-AutumnFestival,everyoneinthefamilywillhelptomakebeautifullanterns.Ontheeveningofthefestival,peoplewilllightthelanternsthatarebrightandround.InmodernMid-AutumnFestival,theburningoflightsismorepopular.Drinkingwinefermentedwithosmanthusflowers（饮桂花酒）桂花是吉祥、好运的象征，桂花酒自然也倍受人们喜欢。桂花酒的历史好比中秋节一样悠久。OntheeveningoftraditionalMid-AutumnFestival,thethreeelementsarenecessary:brightmoon,mooncakesandsweet-scentedosmanthuswine.

Osmanthusisasymbolofprosperityandgoodfortune,andtheosmanthus-flavoredwineisverypopular.Thehistoryoftheosmanthus-flavoredwine

isaslongasthemid-autumnFestival.

一个传统的中秋夜，三种元素不能少：皓月、月饼和桂花酒。Thelegendoftheosmanthus-flavoredwine

Inancienttimes,atthefootoftheTwoYingshanMountainlivedafairyladywhobrewedosmanthus-flavoredwine.Thewineshebrewedwaspureandscented.Onewinter,theladyfoundamanlyingoutsidethedoortobefrozentodeath,shekindlycarriedhimhometotakecare.Oneday,themanleftwithoutsayinggood-bye.Theladywasworriedtolookforhimeverywhere.Shemetanoldmanwithgreyhaironthehillside,biting

hermiddlefingerandreachingouttotheoldman'smouthwhenhecriedbecauseofthirst.

Atthistime,ayellowbag

filledwithalotofcinnamoncameflyingwithanote“月宫赐桂子，奖赏善人家”.

ItturnedoutthatthemanandtheoldmanwithgreyhairwerebothdisguisedbyWuGang.TheseedofOsmanthusgrewintoabigtree,fullof

sweet-scentedOsmanthus.

桂花酒有一段美好的传说：古时候两英山下住着一个仙酒娘子，她酿出的酒，味醇甘美。一年冬天，娘子发现门外躺着一个快要冻死的汉子，便好心背他回家照料。一日，那汉子不辞而别，仙酒娘子放心不下到处去找，在山坡遇一白发老人，表示喊渴，她便咬破中指伸到老人嘴边。此时，一阵清风，天上飞来一个黄布袋，袋中装满许多桂子，附带一张纸条：月宫