现代大学英语精读6课后习题答案

Unitl

1.Virtueis...self-centered.

Byrightaction,wemeanitmusthelppromotepersonal

interest.

2....(Poverty)wasaproductoftheirexcessivefecundity...

Thepovertyofthepoorwascausedbytheirhavingtoomany

children.

3....therichwerenotresponsibleforeitheritscreationorits

amelioration.

Therichwerenottoblamefortheexistenceofpovertyso

theyshouldnotbeaskedtoundertakethetaskofsolvingthe

problem.

4.Itismerelytheworkingoutofalawofnatureandalawof

God.

Itisonlytheresultoreffectofthelawofthesurvivalofthe

fittestappliedtonatureoftohumansociety.

5.Itdeclinedinpopularity,andreferencestoitsacquireda

condemnatorytone.

PeoplebegantorejectSocialDarwinismbecauseitseemedto

glorifybrutalforceandopposetreasuredvaluesofsympathy,

loveandfriendship.Therefore,whenitwasmentioned,itwas

usuallythetargetofcriticism.

6....thesearchforawayofgettingthepooroffourconscience

wasnotatanend;itwasonlysuspended.

Thedesiretofindawaytojustifytheunconcernforthepoor

hadnotbeenabandoned;ithadonlybeenputoff.

7....onlyrarelygiventooverpayingformonkeywrenches,

flashlights,coffeemakers,andtoiletseats.

Governmentofficials,onthewhole,aregood：itisveryrare

thatsomewouldpayhighpricesforofficeequipmenttoget

kickbacks.

8.Thisisperhapsourmosthighlyinfluentialpieceoffiction.

Itisaverypopularstoryandhasbeenacceptedbymanybutit

isnottrue.

9.Beliefcanbetheservantoftruth—butevenmoreof

convenience.

Beliefcanbeusefulinthesearchfortruth,butmoreoften

thannotitisacceptedbecauseitisconvenientandself-serving.

10.GeorgeGilder...Whotellstomuchapplausethatthepoor

musthavethecruelspuroftheirownsufferingtoensure

effort...

GeorgeGilderadvancestheviewthatonlywhenthepoor

sufferfromgreatmiserywilltheybestimulatedtomakegreat

effortstochangethesituation,inotherwords,sufferingis

necessarytoforcethepoortoworkhard.

Phrases

1.toreflectonaproblem严重思考一个问题

2.intellectualpreoccupation有思想有学问的人孜孜不倦思考探索

的问题

3.totakeonthemodernform具有现代形式

4.tocomeupwiththeformula提出了这样一种准则

5.survivalofthefittest适者生存

6.substantialmeasureofresponsibility在很大程度上负有责任

7.unemploymentinsurance失业保险

8.MedicareandMedicaid医疗照顾和医疗补助

9.weaponsprocurement武器采购

lO.supply-sideeconomics供应学派经济学

Incorporateexecutives企业经理人员

12.foodstamps食品券

13.Workers'Compensation工人（失业）补助金

14.subsidizedhousing住房补贴

15.disabilityinsurance伤残保险

16.socialtranquility社会安定

1.Animbalancebetweentherichandpooristheoldestand

mostfatalailmentofrepublics

贫富不均乃共和政体最致命的宿疾

2.Theirpovertyisatemporarymisfortune,iftheyarepoorand

meek,theyeventuallywillinherittheearth

他们的贫穷只是一种暂时性的不幸，如果他们贫穷但却温顺，他们最

终将成为世界的主人

3.CouplesinloveshouldrepairtoRHMacysnottheirbedroom

热恋的夫妇应该在梅西百货商店过夜，而不是他们的新房

4.TheAmericanbeautyrosecanbeproducedinthesplendor

andfragrancewhichbringcheertoitsbeholderonlyby

sacrificingtheearlybudswhichgrowuparoundit.andsoisin

economiclife.It'smerelytheworkingoutofthealawofthe

natureandalawofgod

美国这朵玫瑰花以其华贵与芳香让观众倾倒，赞不绝口，而她之所以

能被培植就是因为在早期其周围的花蕾被插掉了，在经济生活中情况

亦是如此。这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用

5.(Ithasbecome)aneconomicallynotunrewardingenterprise.

(它已成为)经济上收入不菲的行业

6.Thereis...noformofoppressionthatisquietsogreat,no

constrictiononthoughtandeffortquietsocomprehensive,as

thatwhichcomefromhavingnomoneyatall

没有哪种压迫比身无分文更厉害，也没有哪种对思想和行为的束缚比

一无所有来得更全面彻底

7.Freedomwerightlycherish,cherishingit,weshouldnotuseit

asacoverfordenyingfreedomtothoseinneed.

我们珍惜自由式对的。正因为珍惜自由，我们就不能以此为借口，不

给最需要自由的人自由

8.WhethertheybeinEthiopia,thesouthBronx,oreveninsuch

anElysiumasLosAngeles,weresolvetokeepthemoffour

minds

不管他们生活在埃塞俄比亚，还是在纽约的南部布朗克斯区，甚至是

洛杉矶这样的天堂，人们都决心不去为这些人操心

9.Heisenjoying,asindicated,unparalleledpopularityinhigh

Washingtoncircles.

如上述所说，他在华盛顿高层当中有无比的威望

10.Compassion,alongwiththeassociationpubliceffortisthe

leastcomfortable,theleastconvenientcourseofbehaviorand

actioninourtime同情心，加上与之相关的社会努力是人们这个年

代，最令人不快的行为何行动方针

Unit2

11.Butthesemarksofwildcountrycalledtomayfatherlikethe

legendarysirensong.

Thoughtheplacewasnotpleasantordisagreeable,myfather

wasdeeplyattractedtoitpreciselybecauseofitsunexplored,

uncultivatednaturalstate,andthechallenge.

12."I'mafraidtheday'sgoingtocatchus,"Iexplained,

wonderingwhatgreatdisastermightbefallusifitdid.

Asalittlegirl,Ibelievedmyfather'swords,andwasgenuinely

afraidofthepossibledisaster—ifwedidn'thurryup,theday

wouldcatchusandterriblethingsmighthappen.

13....fromtimetotimehewashalfheartedlysoughtfortrial,

thoughfewcrimesseemedtoleaddirectlytohisdoor.

Inthisplace,thoughthepolicewoundmakesomeeffort

withoutrealearnesttoinvestigateWatsonandbringhimto

court,thereseemedtobelittleconcreteevidencetoprovethat

hewasresponsibleforcertainillegalactivities.

14.ThestrangleholdWatsonhadoverthissectionofFlorida

wasnotdissimilartotheunscrupulousactivitiesofcertain

lawmen,otherlegalcrooks,andevengovernorsthatourstate

wastosufferthroughitshistory.

ThecontrolWatsonhadoverthispartofFloridawasmuch

similartothedishonestorillegalactivitiesofthelaw-enforcing

officialsandgovernorswhichFloridawitnessedinthe20th

century.

15.Therewasthelittleshack,notthemostgraciousofliving

quarters,andtherewasamurdererforourne.are.standonly

neighbor,aboutthirtymilesaway.

Beforethefamilybuilttheirownhouse,theylivedinashabby

cabinatGopherKey,closetothemercilessWatson.

16.KingRichardinhisgluttonyneversatatatablemore

sumptuousthanourswasthreetimesaday...

Wehadabundantfoodontheisland,andeventhemeals

enjoyedbyKingRichard,whowasfamousforhisloveoffood,

couldn'tpossiblycomparewithours.

17.Despitetheunrelentingheat,wewerehappytobeletoff

fromourhoursofschoolindoors,sessionswhichourmother

kepteveryday,rainorshine.

Althoughitwasveryhotoutsideinthesun,wewerehappyto

bedismissedfrommymother'ssessionsindoors,wewouldhave

toreadandwritewithhereverydaynomatterwhatthe

weatherwaslike.

Phrases

l.inthelineofSherman'smarch在谢尔曼将军的行军路线上

2.afoldingcotapiece每人一张轻便的帆布折叠床

3.toreplenishourfoodstock补充我们的食品

4.asanaddedtreat作为特别的款待

5.free-roamingcattle自由放牧的牛群

6.aninfamousoutlaw一个臭名昭著的亡命之徒

7.businessasusual一切照常

8.tomakeregularrunstoandfro定期往来运输

9.aweather-boardedshack由隔板搭成的简陋的小屋

10.underthecareandinterestofourentirefamily在我们全家人

的悉心照料下

Sentence

1.Itwasanidylliclife,andwelivedclosetoourfamilyandto

thecomfortsandsafetyasmalltowncouldafford

这是一种田园式的生活，我们和亲戚住的很近，享受着小镇生活所能

给予我们的舒服和安全

2.Butpapawasamanofenterprise;herealizedthatthe

untouchedTenThousandIslandsoffthesouthwestcoastof

thesatewererichinsoilforcropsandingameforfood

但父亲是一个很有上进心的人，他知道佛罗里达州西南海岸的万岛群

岛还没有被开发，那儿土壤肥沃，适于耕种，而且猎物充足，不必担

心食物来源

3.Thisthirddayout,andthedaystocome,foundusinthe

unsettledwildsofFlorida

出发后的第三天以及以后的日子里，我们都在佛罗里达无人居住的荒

野中穿行

4.Itsunderwatergrasseslookedlikegreenribbons,constantly

unrolling,andthetreesheldthickspraysofwildorchids

水里的水草就像绿色的丝带不断地伸展开来，野兰花一簇一簇地挂满

了枝头

5.Theburlyarmsofoakswerehugewithfernsandblooming

bromeliads.Redbirds,tanagersandpaintedbuntingsflewback

andforthacrossthetrail,leavingachildwiththeimpression

thatthewoodsweretossingwithjewels

以前这里经常发水的河滩岸边一丛丛地长满了乔叶栋，那些地面上铺

着一层绿色的蕨类植物，乔叶标粗壮的枝干上也覆盖着蕨类植物，俯

生的凤梨科植物正在盛开。红雀，唐那雀和色彩斑斓的鸠鸟沿着小路

飞来飞去，在孩子们看来就像是宝石在树林里跳动

6.Thenativewhitesfearedhimasyouwouldarattlesnake,but

theIndiansandblackpeopleweresusceptibletohis

manipulations

本地的白人像惧怕响尾蛇一样怕他，而印第安人和黑人则不得不受他

的控制和剥削

7.0urnewhomewasmorethansafe,itwasajoy我们的新家不仅

安全稳定，它还给我们带了了无尽的乐趣

8.TodayIcanseeinmygrandsonsandgreat-grandsonssomeof

thosequalitiesofcourageandcaringthatmyfatherhadinsuch

abundance今天在我的子孙身上，我仍然能看到我父亲所拥有的无尽

的勇气和爱心

Unit3

18.Butthisimage,nowrepeatedlythrustbeforeusin

photographs,posters,andadvertisements,ismisleading.

TheEarthweseeinphotos,posters,andads,whichappearsso

beautiful,isnotthetruereflectionoftheworldwelivein,such

imagelullsusintocomplacency.

19.Thetechnospherehasbecomesufficientlylargeandintense

toalterthenaturalprocessesthatgoverntheecosphere.

Humanactivitieshavetakenplaceoversuchlargeareasand

withsuchintensitythattheyhavealreadycauseddisastrous

effectsonecology.

20....whichcouldestablishitselfonlybecauseitfittedproperly

intothepreexistingsystem.

thefishcouldplayitsrolebecauseitbecameanecessarylink

withtheprocessesprecedingitandtheprocessesfollowingitin

theecologicalsystem.

21.Definedsonarrowly,itisnosurprisethatcarshave

propertiesthatarehostiletotheirenvironment.

Whencarsareproducedtoservesuchnarrowpurposes,itis

notsurprisingthatsomeoftheircharacteristicqualitiesare

harmfultotheenvironment.

22.Yieldsrose,butnotinproportiontotherateoffertilizer

application...

thefarmerappliedmoreandmorefertilizer,andthe

productiondidrisebutdidnotmcr&ase.atthesamerateofthe

fertilizer.

23...theirwasteisflushedintothesewersystemalteredin

compositionbutnotinamountattreatmentplant...

Peopleeatplantsandanimals,andtheirwasteisflushedinto

thesewersystem.Afterbeingprocessed,thewasteisstill

waste,theresiduewillgointorivers,oceans,andwillhave

harmfuleffectontheaquaticecosystem.

24.Lefttotheirowndevices,ecosystemsareconservative...

Iftheecosystemsarenotupsetbyoutsideintrusion,theywill

remainthesamewithverylittlechange

25.工ncontrasttotheecosphere,thetechnosphereiscomposed

ofobjectsandmaterialsthatreflectarapidandrelentless

processofchangeandvariation.

Thecharacteristicsoftheobjectsandmaterialsinthe

technospherearerapidchangeandgreatvariety.

26.Butthisisdoneonlyatthecostofunderstanding.

ifwetakesideinthewarofthetwowords,wearedoingsoat

theriskoffailingtohaveaclearunderstandingofthenature

andcauseofthewar,thus,welosethechancetoreallysolve

thegraveenvironmentalcrisis.

Phrases

l.ecologicalnichesandtheirresidentspecies生态小环境以及生

活在小环境中的物种

2.thehabitatofparasites寄生虫的栖息地

3.thefishhawk'sprey鱼鹰的猎食对象

4.closedcyclicalprocesses封闭的循环流程

5.highlyradioactivewaste放射性极强的（核）废料

6.finelytunedadaptation经过精细调整后的适应能力

7.annuallymodifiedcars每年加以改进的汽车

8.theresidueofnylonmarinecordage船用尼龙绳子索的残留物

9.toxicchemicals有毒化学物

1.Wehavebeentamperingwiththispowerfulforce,unaware,

liketheSorcerersApprentice,ofthepotentiallydisastrous

consequencesofouractions

我们一直在滥用这股强大的力量，就像传说中的魔术师的师弟一样，

并没有意识到我们的这种行为很可能会导致灾难性的后果

2.Eveniftheglobalwarmingcatastrophenevermaterializes,

andtheozoneholeremainsanesoteric,polarphenomenon,

alreadyhumanactivityhasprofoundlyalteredglobalconditions

inwaysthatmaynotregisteronthecamera

即使全球变暖这种灾害永不发生，即使臭氧层空洞仍然只是一种深奥

的极地现象，人类的活动已经极大地的改变了全球的条件，这些也许

是用照相机拍不出来的

3.Thetechnosphere,incontrast,isdominatedbylinear

processes

与生态圈相反，技术圈是由线性流程决定

Theenergysourcesthatnowpowerthetechnosphereare

mostlyfossilfuels,storesthat,oncedepleted,willneverbe

renewed

现在技术圈运作的能源主要是矿物燃料，一旦用完，永不再生

4.Nylon〜〜isnotbiodegradable—thatis,thereisnoenzymein

anyknowlivingorganismthatcanbreakitdown

尼龙不能进行生物分解一也就是说，现存的有机物中还没有发现哪种

酶可以分解尼龙

5.~~livingthingshavecreatedalimitedbutself-consistent

arrayofsubstancesandreactionsthatareessentialtolife

6有生命的东西创造了一系列对生命至关重要的有限但独立的物

质和反应

7.Afreelunchisreallyadebt,inthetechnosphere,adebtisan

acknowledgedbutunmetcost

免费的午餐实际上是一种负债，在技术圈中，债务是指已承认但尚未

归还的欠款

8.〜〜whenthedebtsrepresentedbyenvironmentalpollutionare

createdbythetechnosphereandtransferredtotheecosphere,

theyarenevercanceled,damageisunavoidable.

当债务以技术圈制造的环境污染的形式出现，然后又转嫁到生态圈，

这种债务将无法消除，造成破坏是不可避免的。

Unit4Nettles

1.Howallmyownterritorywouldbealtered,adifalandslide

hadgonethroughitandskimmedoffallmeaningexceptlossof

Mike.

TheimpactofMike'sleavingonmylifewasbeyondmy

imagination.Ididn'texpectthatMike'sleavingwouldhavesuch

atremendouspowerthatitwouldchangethemeaningofmy

existencecompletely.AllmythoughtswereaboutlossofMike.

2.Duringthattimeoflifethatissupposedtobeareproductive

daze,withthewoman'smindallswampedbymaternaljuices,we

werestillcompelledtodiscussSimonedeBeauvoirandArthur

Koestlerand"TheCocktailParty".

Atthattime,wewereyoungmothers,andweweresupposedto

leadaterriblybusylifefullofconfusionandbewilderment

causedbygivingbirthtoandraisingbabies,andourmindswere

supposedtobefullyoccupiedbyhowtofeedthebabiesand

thingslikethat.However,inthemidstofallthiswestillfelt

theneedtodiscusssomeoftheimportantthinkersofourtime

likeSimonedeBeauvoirandArthurKoestlerandT.S.Eliot's

sophisticatedwork"TheCocktailParty".

3....Iwouldbefrightened,notofanyhostilitybutofakindof

nonexistence.

Iwouldbefrightened,andmyfearwasnotcausedbymy

neighbor'svisiblyhostileandviolentwayoflife,butbyakindof

formlessandhiddenemptinessandmeaninglessnessofhuman

existence.Whathappenedaroundmewastotallyirrelevantto

me,andIfeltveryisolatedandalienated.

4.Shedidnotaskme-wasitdelicacyordisapproval?一about

mynewlife.

Shedidnotaskmeaboutmynewlife,eitheroutofsubtle

considerationformyfeelingaboutthissensitivesubjectorout

ofdisapprovalformynewlifestyle.

5.Itwouldbeasleazythingtodo,inthehouseofhisfriends.

Itwouldbeamorallylowthing,anindecentthingtocommit

infidelityinthehouseofafriend.

6.1knewnowthathewasapersonwhohadhitrockbottom.

Iknewthathewasapersonwhohadexperiencedtheworstin

life,thehardestexperienceapersonmighthavetoendure.

7.Heandwifeknewthattogetheranditboundthem,as

somethinglikethatwouldeitherbreakyouapartorbindyou,

forlife.

Theyexperiencedtheworsttogetherandtheyknewwhatit

waslikeandunderstoodthemeaningofthatexperience.Such

anexperienceposedthegravesttesttopeople.Iftheystood

thetest,theirfriendshipormarriagewouldbestrengthened,

andasacredbondagewouldbeformedbetweenthem.Butif

theyfailedthetest,theirrelationshipwouldbebrokenand

theywouldbedrivenapart.

8.Notriskingathingyetstayingaliveasasweettrickle,an

undergroundresource.Withtheweightofthisnowstillnesson

it,thisseal.

Iftheyactedonlove,theywouldtakerisks,theywouldn'tdo

thatorgofurtherintheirrelationship,buttheywouldrather

lettheirloveremainasasweettrickle,whichwouldflowon

gentlyandpermanently,andasanundergroundresource,which

wouldneverbefullytappedbutwouldnevergodry.

Phrases

l.goodforonlyonethrow只能掷一次

2.alifethatcouldbelivedwithouthypocrisyordeprivationor

shame一种没有虚伪、不丧失自我、不感到羞辱的生活

3.allupanddownthestreet整条街道

4.alongnecessaryvoyagefromthehouseofmarriage为摆脱婚

姻的禁锢而必须踏上的漫长旅途

5.aperfectwaterfallofnoise如瀑布般的叫声

6.likethesoundofawavefullofstones,crashingonthebeach

那声音就像是卷着石块的海浪冲击着海滩

7.backingoutofourdriveway从汽车道里把车倒出去

8.duringalltheyearsofourdwindlingfriendship在我们的友谊逐

渐淡化的那些岁月里

Sentence

1.Eachofthetreesontheplacehadanattitudeanda

presence—theelmlookedsereneandtheoakthreatening,the

maplesfriendly,thehawthornoldandcrabby,这里的每一棵树都

表现出某种神态。比如，榆树看上去宁静安详，橡树则咄咄逼人，枫

树亲切友好，而山楂树则老气横秋、脾气暴躁。

2.Therewasakeenalarmwhenthecrycame,awirezinging

throughyourwholebody,afanaticfeelingofdevotion.当他喊我

的名字时，我会紧张万分，全身蹭地就像过了电似的，一种狂热的忠

诚感油然而生。

3.Onemorning,ofcourse,thejobwasallfinished,thewell

capped,thepumpreinstated,thefreshwatermarveledat.一天

早晨，工作全部完成，这是意料中的事。井上了盖子，水泵重新安

装好了，大家对清新的井水赞叹不已。

4.工nmykitchenorinhers,onceaweekorso,distractedbyour

childrenandsometimesreelingforlackofsleep,westoked

ourselvesuponstrongcoffeeandcigarettesandlaunchedout

onarampageoftalk—aboutourmarriages,ourfights,our

personaldeficiencies,ourinterestinganddiscreditable

motives,ourforgoneambitions.我们大约每周都要在我家或她家

厨房小聚一次。孩子们总是不断打扰我们，有时我们还会因为缺觉

而感到头晕目眩，于是我们就用大量的浓咖啡和香烟给自己提神，

开始天南地北地聊天，所谈的话题无所不包：我们的婚姻、奋斗、

个人的不足、既有趣又有些丢脸的动机，以及我们曾有过的理想抱

负。

5.Sunnyhadgivenhimfreshsheetsratherthanunmakingand

makingupagainthebedhehadleftforme.塞妮给了他干净的床

单，免得在他留给我的床上重新叠被、铺床。

6.Mysleepwasshallow,mydreamsmonotonouslylustful,with

irritatingandunpleasantsubplots.我睡地很浅，没完没了地做着充

满情欲的梦，中间还穿插着令人不快的小情节。

7.Thebushesrightattheedgeofthegrasslooked

impenetrable,butloseuptherewerelittleopenings,thenarrow

pathsthatanimalsorpeoplelookingforgolfballshadmade.紧挨

着草地边上的灌木丛看上去似乎无法穿过，但走近了可以看到一些小

缺口和窄窄的小径，这是被动物或找高尔夫球的人们踩出来的。

8.1tlookedasifalargeportionoftheskyhaddetacheditself

andwasbearingdown,bustlingandresolute,takinganotquite

recognizablebutanimateshape.看上去,天空的一大部分似乎脱

离了主体，喧闹着、果断地压向地面，那形状虽然说不出具体像什

么，但像是一种活物的样子。

9.Thiswasmoreofaritual,arecognitionofsurvivalratherthan

ofourbodies'inclinations.我们拥抱并不是出于身体的渴望，而是庆

祝劫后余生的一种表示。

Unit5

lthenationalrejectionofdogmaticpreconceptionsaboutthe

natureofthesocialandeconomicorder

1.Therearesuchprejudicesinanarrogantmanneraboutthe

characteristicofthesocialorderandeconomicorderandthey

takeitforgranted.Thecountryjustrejectedsuchprejudice.

2NorcanonesuggestthatAmericanshavebeenconsistently

vulnerabilitytosecularideologyeverafter

2.NoonecansaythatAmericanshaveneverbeentemptedby

theapproachofunderstanding,preservingortransformingthe

worldaccordingtorigiddogmas.

3..andanyintellectsoshapedwas...everafter

AmindinfluencedbyCalvinisttheologywouldsurelyfindit

somewhatdifficulttoresistotherideologicaltemptationsto

ideologicalthinking.

4.Pragmatismisnomorewhollydevoid...experience

Pragmatismisnotcompletelyfreefromabstractideasjustas

ideologyisnotcompletelyfreefromexperience,thatistosay,

abstractideashaveaplaceinpragmatismjustasexperience

hasaroleinideology.

5.Asanideologist,however,Jeffersonhistoricalcuriosity

Asamanfollowingafixedsetofbeliefs,Jeffersonisonlyan

interestinghistoricalfigure.Hisbeliefsareoutofdateandare

irrelevanttopresent-dayreality.

6....whosecentraldogmaisconfidedtothecustodyofan

infalliblepriesthood

Theircentralbeliefsareimprisonedbythewholebodyof

priestswhoarealwayseffective.

7....wherefreemenmayfindpartialtruths,butwhere...on

AbsoluteTruth

Inthisuniverseapersonwhosemindisunconstrainedmaybe

abletodiscoverrelationtruthsbutnomanonearthcanclaim

thathehasalreadygraspedtheoneandonlytruth.

8.Butideologyisadrug;nomatterhow...itstillpersists.

Ideologyhasthecharacteristicofanarcotic.Inspiteofthe

factthatithasbeenprovedwrongmanytimesbyexperience,

peoplestilllongtocommitthemselvestoideology.

9....theonlycertaintyinanabsolutesystemisthecertaintyof

absoluteabuse.

Theonlythingthatissureofadespoticsystemisthe

unrestrictedexerciseofpower.

10.Thedistinctivehumantriumph...liesinthecapacityto

understandthefrailtyofhumanstriving...nonetheless

Themostoutstandingachievementofhumanityistheyknow

thatnomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotachieveAbsolute

truth,yettheycontinuetomakegreateffortsandrefuseto

giveup

Phrases

1.dignityofman人的尊严

2.intellectualimprovement智力提高

3.capitalgoods生产资料

4.representativeinstitutions代议制政府机构

5.dogmaticpreconceptions教条式的偏见

6.structuresofanalysis分析问题的理论体系

7.asetofbindingpropositions一系列必须遵循的主张

8.rigidaprioridoctrine僵硬的经验理论

9.tonarrowthespectrumofchoice（由于信仰教条的原因）使选

择的范围变得十分狭小

10.fatalisticviewofhistory宿命论的历史

ll.closeduniverse封闭的世界

12.abundantandstreaminglifeofman丰富的、永不停顿的人类生

活

13.anabsolutegriponAbsoluteTruth独自掌握了绝对真理

14.theuncoercedintercourseofunconstrainedminds自由思想不

受约束的交流

15.amonolithicworld铁板一块的世界

1.TheAmericanexperiencewasuniqueinanumberofways

美国的经验在许多方面都是独特的

2.Thecountrywasblessedbynotableadvantages—aboveall,by

thefactthatpopulationwasscareinrelationtoavailable

resources

这个国家有着得天独厚的优势一只要是人口相对稀少而资源十分丰

曷

3.Itroseoriginallyfromaphilosophicalratherthanan

economiccommitment

它源于对思想原则的信仰，而不是出于对经济利益的追求

4.Wehavefoundnobetterwaythandemocracytofulfillman's

talentsandreleasehisenergies

我们发现民主是使人的才智得到充分施展，人的能量得以充分发挥的

最好方式

5.1ntherecordofhisconflict,ideologyhasattractedsomeof

thestrongestintelligencesmankindhasproduced

在意识形态体系与经验主义斗争的历史上，意识形态体系曾吸引了人

类历史上一些聪明绝顶的人物

6.1nitsfinesthours,theUShas,sotospeak,risenabove

ideology

在她处于最佳时期时，美国可以说超越了所有的意识形态体系

7.〜〜thatgovernmentwasbestwhichgovernedleast~

政府管得越少越好

8.Indeed,thewholeideologicalenterprisecontradicted

Jefferson'stemper,whichwasbasicallyflexibleand

experimental

说实在的，杰弗逊一生在意识形态体系上所做的努力与他的性格是相

矛盾的，他的性格特征基本上是灵活的，从经验出发的

9.Indeed,Iwouldsuggestthatwemightwellbanishsome

overloadedwordsfromintellectualdiscourse〜〜(These

words)aresourcesofheat,notoflight

我甚至建议在思想界和学术界的讨论中摒弃某些用滥了的词语〜〜这

些词语只能使头脑发热，而不会给人以智慧的光芒

10.Freemenknowmanytruths,buttheydoubtwhetherany

mortalmanknowstheTruth

自由人掌握许多具体的真理，但他们认为没有一个凡人能够掌握绝对

真理

Unit7

1.Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishall

formsofhumanlife.

Asaresultoftechnologicaldevelopment,humanbelongsnow

havethepowertoputanendtopovertyandhuman,misery,but

atthesametimetheyalsopossessthepowertodestroythe

wholeworld,renderingituninhabitableandlifeless.

2....unwillingtowitnessorpermittheslowundoingofthose

humanrights...

Wedonotwanttoseeortoallowtheslowdestructionofthose

humanrights.

3.Tothosepeoplesinthehutsandvillagesofhalfofmass

misery,wepledgeourbesteffortstohelpthemhelp

themselves...

Tothepeopleoftheunderdevelopedcountrieslivinginpoverty

inruralareas,wearecommittedtohelpingthemtorid

themselvesofmasspovertybytheirownefforts.

4.Butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecometheprey

ofhostilepowers.

Butweshouldnotletanycommunistpowertakeadvantageof

thisallianceforprogresstoexpanditsinfluence.

5.Andleteveryotherpowerknowthatthis.…ofitsownhouse.

WewanttomakecleartothecommunistpowersthatAmericas

aretheAmericasoftheAmericans.Donotattemptto

penetrateintothisarea.

6....beforethedarkpowersofdestructionoraccidental

self-destruction.

Beforethewo