职称英语理工类a级模拟21

职称英语理工类A级模拟21

第1部分：词汇选项

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给

的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1>Thesearetheirmotivesfordoingit.

A.reasonsB.excuses

C.answersD.plans

2、Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest.

A.twistsB.stretches

C.broadensD.bends

3、Henrycannotresistthelureofdrugs.

A.abuseB.flavor

C.temptationD.consumption

4、Theseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetooldpeople.

A.naturalB.fatal

C.tinyD.enormous

5、Agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythesituation.

A.maintainB.improve

C.assessD.protect

6、JohniscollaboratingwithMaryinwritinganarticle.

A.cooperatingB.competing

C.combiningD.arguing

7、Heisdeterminedtoconsolidatehispower.

A.strengthenB.control

C.abandonD.exercise

8、Manyscientistshavebeenprobingpsychologicalproblems.

A.solvingB.exploring

C.settlingD.handling

9、Hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychangesindietandexercisehabits.

A.removedB.cured

C.worsenedD.relieved

10、Allthecarsaretestedfordefectsbeforeleavingthefactory.

A.functionsB.faults

C.motionsD.parts

11>Thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople.

A.instantB.infinite

C.inexpensiveD.inadequate

12>Thousandsofpeopleperishedinthestorm.

A.diedB.suffered

C.floatedD.scattered

13>Butintheendheapprovedofourproposal.

A.undoubtedlyB.certainly

C.ultimatelyD.necessarily

14、Foryoungchildren,gettingdressedisacomplicatedbusiness.

A.strangeB.complex

C.personalD.funny

15、InBritainandmanyothercountriesappraisalisnowatoolofmanagement.

A.evaluationB.production

C.efficiencyD.publicity

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

MadScientistStereotypeOutdated

Dopeoplestillimagineaphysicistasabeardedmaninglassesorhas

theimageofthemadscientistchanged?TheInstituteofPhysicssetoutto

findoutwhetherthestereotypeofaphysics"boffin"（科学家）stillexists

byconductingasurveyonshoppersinLondon.Thepeoplewereaskedtoidentify

thephysicistfromaphotographofaline-upofpossiblesuspects.98percent

ofthoseaskedgotitwrong.Themajorityofpeoplepickedawhitemaleof

around60,wearingglassesandwithawhitebeard.

Whilethisstereotypemayhavebeentheimageofanaveragephysicistfifty

yearsago,therealityisnowverydifferent.Since1960thenumberofyoung

womenenteringphysicshasdoubledandtheaverageageofaphysicistisnow

31.

Thestereotypeoftheabsent-mindedscientisthaslastedalongtimebecause

themediaandHollywoodhelppromotetheimageofmeninwhitelabcoatswith

glassessittingbyblackboardsfullofequations（等式）orworkingwithfizzing

（嘶嘶响）testtubes.Thesestereotypesarereallydamagingtosociety.Very

goodschoolchildrenareputoffstudyingsciencebecausetheydon*tseepeople

likethemselvesontelevisionorinmagazinesdoingscience.Theysimplydon11

relatetothemedia*simageofthemadscientist.

Thisisonereasonwhyfeweryoungpeoplearechoosingtodoscienceat

university.Ifwewanttoencouragemoreyoungpeopletostudysciencesubjects,

weneedtochangethisimageofthescientistandmakesciencecareersmore

attractive.Butwemustalsodevelopchildren*sinterestinscience.

Inanattempttochangethisnegativeimagezanincreasingnumberofscience

festivalsarebeingorganized.Thousandsofpeoplefromsecondaryschools

arealsoencouragedtotakepartinnationwidesciencecompetitionsofwhich

themostpopulararethenationalscienceOlympiads.Winningnationalteams

thengettheopportunitytotakepartintheInternationalScienceOlympiads

whichareheldinadifferentcountryeveryyear.Theseeventsareallinteresting

fortheyoungpeoplewhotakepartbuttheyonlyinvolveasmallproportion

ofstudentswhoarealreadyinterestedinscience.Itseemsthatthereis

alongwaytogobeforesciencebecomesattractiveassubjectslikecomputer

studiesorfashionanddesign.

16、Mostpeoplehavesimilarideasofwhataphysicistlookslike.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>ThemajorityofphysicistsinBritaintodayareCambridgegraduates.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Themediaandthecinemahaveplayedaroleinpromotingtheimageofthe

madscientist.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Therewillbemorewomenscientiststhanmenscientistsinthefuture.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Morechildrenwillstudyscienceifitbecomesmoreattractive.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Theimageofthemadscientistisreallyencouragingtosociety.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、TheInternationalScienceOlympiadsareheldonceeverytwoyears.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为

第1一4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；⑵第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正

确选项，分别完成每个句子。

Cloning（克隆）：FuturePerfect?

1Acloneisanexactcopyofaplantoranimalproducedfromanyone

cell.SinceScottishscientistsreportedthattheyhadmanagedtoclonea

sheepnamedDollyin1997zresearchintocloninghasgrownrapidly.InMay

1998,scientistsinMassachusettsmanagedtocreatetwoidenticalcalves（牛

犊）usingcloningtechnology.Amousehasalsobeenclonedsuccessfully.But

thedebateovercloninghumansreallystartedwhenChicagophysicistRichard

Seedmadeasurprisingannouncement："Wewillhavemanagedtocloneahuman

beingwithinthenexttwoyears,"hetoldtheworld.

2Seed1sannouncementprovokedalotofmediaattention,mostofitnegative.

InEurope,nineteennationshavealreadysignedanagreementbanninghuman

cloningandintheUSthePresidentannounced："Wewillbeintroducingalaw

tobanallhumancloningandmanystatesintheUSwillhavepassedanti-cloning

lawsbytheendoftheyear."

3Manyresearchersarenotsonegativeaboutcloning.Theyareworried

thatlawsbanninghumancloningwillthreatenimportantresearch.InMarch,

TheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinecalledanyplantobanresearchoncloning

humansseriouslymistaken.Manyresearchersalsobelievethatinspiteof

attemptstobanitzhumancloningwillhavebecomeroutineby2010because

itisimpossibletostoptheprogressofscience.

4Istherereasontofearthatcloningwillleadtoanightmareworld?

Thepublichasbeenbombarded（轰炸）withnewspaperarticles,televisionshows

andfilmszaswellascartoons.Suchinformationisoftenmisleading,and

makespeoplewonderwhatonearththescientistswillbedoingnext.

5Withinthenextfivetotenyearsscientistswillprobablyhavefound

awayofcloninghumans.Itcouldbethatprettysoonwewillbeabletochoose

thepersonthatwewantourchildtolooklike.Buthowwoulditfeeltobe

acloneamonghundreds,theanti-clonersask.Prettycool,answerthe

pro-cloners（赞成克隆的人）.

23、Paragraph1

AStrongreactions

BAnxietyaboutthefutureofcloning

CTherighttochoose

DWhatiscloning?

EArgumentsinfavorofcloning

FAcommonsight

24、Paragraph2

25、Paragraph3

26、Paragraph4

27>RichardSeedclaimedtobeabletoclone.

Athenucleusofacell

Bclonedhumanbeings

Cahumanbeingintwoyears

Dalawtobanhumancloning

Eareportonhumancloning

Fheavymediacoverage

28、RichardSeed*sannouncementreceived.

29、TheUnitedStateswillintroduce.

30、Withintenyearsscientistswillprobablyhave.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从

每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

第一篇

MoreThanaRidetoSchool

TheNationalEducationAssociationclaims,"Theschoolbusisamirror

ofthecommunity."Theyfurtheraddthatzunfortunately,whatappearsonthe

exteriordoesnotalwaysreflecttherealityofachosencommunity.Theyare

right-sometimesitreflectsmore!JustaskLieslDenson.Ridingtheschool

bushasbeenmorethanaridetoschoolforLiesl.

BruceHardy,schoolbusdriverforAlthouseBusCompanyhasbeenLiesl1s

busdriversincekindergarten.LastyearwhenLiesl1sfamilymovedtoParkesburg,

knowingherbuswentbyhernewresidence,sherequestedtoridethesame

bus.

ThisyearLieslisaseniorandwillenjoyherlastyearridingthebus.

Shesays,"It'sbeenagreatridesofar!Mybusdriverissocoolandhas

alwaysbeenagoodfriendandagoodlistener.Sometimeswhenyou1reachild

adultsdonotthinkthatwhatyouhavetosayisimportant.Mr.Hardyalways

listenstowhatyouhavetosayandmakesyoufeelimportant.HHerfriends

AshleyBatistaandAmandaWolfeagree.

BruceHardyhasbeenmakingOctorarastudentsfeelspecialsince1975.

Thisyearhewillcelebrate30yearsworkingforAlthouseBusCompany.Larry

Althouse,presidentofthecompany,acknowledgesBruceHardy1soutstanding

record："YoudonotcomebyemployeeslikeBrucethesedays.Hehasnever

missedadayofworkandhasaperfectdrivingrecord.Hewasrecognizedin

2000bythePennsylvaniaSchoolBusAssociationfordriving350,000accident

freemiles.Hardy*sreputationismadefurtherevidentthroughtherelationships

hehasmadewiththestudentsthatridehisbus.n

Althousefurtheraddsz"AlthouseBusCompanywasestablished70yearsago

andhasbeenprovidingqualitytransportationeversince.Mygrandfatherstarted

thebusinesswithonebus.AlthouseBusCompanyisdelightedtohavethe

opportunitytobringdistinctiveandsafeservicetoourlocalschooland

communityandlooksforwardtocontinuingtoprovidequalityserviceformany-

moreyearstocome.n

Threegenerationsofbusinessisnotallthecompanyhasenjoyed.Thanks

todriverslikeBruceHardy,theyhavebeenbuildingrelationshipsthrough

generations.Liesl1smotherCarolalsoenjoysfondmemoriesofridingBruce

Hardy*sbustotheOctoraraSchoolDistrict.

31、Theword"mirror"inthefirstlinecouldbebestreplacedby

A."vehicle11.

B."device".

C."need".

D."reflection".

32、BruceHardyhasbeenworkingwithAlthouseBusCompany

A.for30years.

B.for70years.

C.sincelastyear.

D.since2000.

33、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofBruceHardy?

A.Heispopularwithhispassengers.

B.Hehasnevermissedadayofwork.

C.Heisanimpatientperson.

D.Hehasdriven350,000accidentfreemiles.

34、AlthouseBusCompanywasfoundedby

A.LarryAlthouse.

B.Althouse1sgrandfather.

C.Liesl1smother.

D.AshleyBatista.

35、AlthouseBusCompanypaysmuchattentionto

A.employingyoungdrivers.

B.runningqualityschools.

C.providingfreedrivinglessons.

D.buildingsoundrelationships.

弟一^扁

APhoneThatKnowsYou'reBusy

It1samodernproblem：You1retoobusytobedisturbedbyincessant（连

续不断的）phonecallssoyouturnyourcellphoneoff.Butifyoudon*tremember

toturnitbackonwhenyou1relessbusy,youcouldmisssomeimportantcalls.

Ifonlythephoneknewwhenitwaswisetointerruptyou,youwouldn11have

toturnitoffatall.Instead,itcouldletcallsthroughwhenyouarenot

toobusy.

Abunchofbehaviorsensors（传感器）andacleverpieceofsoftwarecould

1

dojustthatzbyanalyzingyourbehaviortodetermineifitsagoodtime

tointerruptyou.Ifbuiltintoaphonezthesystemmaydecideyou*retoo

busyandaskthecallertoleaveamessageorringbacklater.

JamesFogartyandScottHudsonatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvania

basedtheirsystemontinymicrophones,camerasandtouchsensorsthatreveal

bodylanguageandactivity.Firsttheyhadtostudydifferentbehaviorsto

findoutwhichonesstronglypredictwhetheryourmindisinterrupted.

Thepotential"busyness11signalstheyfocusedonincludedwhethertheoffice

doorswereleftopenorclosed,thetimeofday,ifotherpeoplewerewith

thepersoninquestion,howclosetheyweretoeachother,andwhetheror

notthecomputerwasinuse.

Thesensorsmonitoredtheseandmanyotherfactorswhilefoursubjects

wereatwork.Atrandomintervalszthesubjectsratedhowinterruptiblethey

wereonascalerangingfrom"highlyinterruptibleHto"highly

not-interruptibleH.Theirratingswerethencorrelatedwiththevarious

behaviors."Itisashotgun（随意的）approach：weusedalltheindicatorswe

couldthinkofandthenletstatisticsfindoutwhichwereimportant,nsays

Hudson.

Themodelshowedthatusingthekeyboard,andtalkingonalandlineor

tosomeoneelseintheofficecorrelatedmoststronglywithhowinterruptible

thesubjectsjudgedthemselvestobe.

Interestingly,thecomputerwasactuallybetterthanpeopleatpredicting

whensomeonewastoobusytobeinterrupted.Thecomputergotitright82

percentofthetime,humans77percent.Fogartyspeculatesthatthismight

bebecausepeopledoingtheinterruptingareinevitablybiasedtowards

deliveringtheirmessage,whereascomputersdon*tcare.

ThefirstapplicationforHudsonandFogarty1ssystemislikelytobein

aninstantmessagingsystem,followedbyofficephonesandcellphones."There

isnotechnologicalroadblock（障碍）toitbeingdeployedinacoupleofyearsz"

saysHudson.

36、Abigproblemfacingpeopletodayisthat

A.theymusttoleratephonedisturbancesormissimportantcalls.

B.theymustturnofftheirphonestokeeptheirhomesquiet.

C.theyhavetoswitchfromadesktopphonetoacellphone.

D.theyaretoobusytomakephonecalls.

37、Thebehaviorsensorandsoftwaresystembuiltinaphone

A.couldhelpstoremessages.

B.couldsendmessagesinstantly.

C.couldtellwhenitiswisetointerruptyou.

D.couldidentifyimportantphonecalls.

38、ScientistsatCarnegieMellonUniversitytriedtofindout

A.whyofficedoorswereoftenleftopen.

B.whenitwasagoodtimetoturnoffthecomputer.

C.whatquestionsofficeworkerswerebotheredwith.

D.whichbehaviorscouldtellwhetherapersonwasbusy.

39、Duringtheexperiment,thesubjectswereasked

A.tocontrolthesensorsandthecamera.

B.toratethedegreestowhichtheycouldbeinterrupted.

C.tocomparetheirbehaviorswithothers1.

D.toanalyzealltheindicatorsofinterruption.

40、Thecomputerperformedbetterthanpeopleinthestudybecause

A.thecomputerworkedharder.

B.thecomputerwasnotbusy.

C.peopletendedtobebiased.

D.peoplewerenotgoodatstatistics.

第三篇

TheExplodingLakesofCameroon

Whatcomestomindwhenyouthinkofalake?Youprobablyimagineapretty

scenewithbluewater,birds,andfish.Forthepeopleinthenorthwestern

Cameroon,however,theimageisverydifferent.Forthem,lakesmaymeanterrible

disasters.In1984zpoisonousgasesexplodedoutofLakeMonounandcamedown

intothenearbyvillages,killingthirty-sevenpeople.Twoyearslater,Lake

Nyoserupted.Acloudofgasesrolleddownthehillsandintothevalleys

andkilled1,700people.

LakeNyosandLakeMonounarecrater（"Q山口）lakes.Theywereformedwhen

watercollectedinthecratersofoldvolcanoes.ThevolcanoesunderLake

NyosandLakeMonounarenotactiveanymore.However,poisonousgasesfrom

thecenteroftheearthcontinuetoflowupthroughcracksinthebottomof

thelake.Thisisnormalinacraterlake.Inmostcraterlakes,thesegases

arereleasedoftenbecausethewater11turnsoverHregularly.Thatis,the

waterfromthebottomofthelakerisesandmixeswiththewateratthetop,

allowingthegasestoescapeslowly.

However,inLakesNyosandMonounzthereisnoregularturningover.No

oneknowsthereasonforthisfactzbutasaresultztheselakeshavemore

gasestrappedatthebottomthanothercraterlakes.Infactzscientistswho

havestudiedLakesNyosandMonounhavefound16,000timesmoregases.When

astrongwind；coolweather,astorm,oralandslide（滑坡）causesthewater

toturnoversuddenly,thegasesescapeinaviolentexplosion.

Inthepast,nooneknewwhenthegasesmightexplodezsotherewasno

wayforthevillagerstoescapedisaster.NowscientistsfromtheUnitedStates,

FrancezandCameroonhavefoundawaytoreducethegaspressureatthebottom

ofLakeNyos.Theystooda672-footplasticpipeinthemiddleofthelake,

withoneendofthepipenearthebottomandtheotherendintheair.Near

thetopofthepipe,theteamputseveralholesthatcouldbeopenedorclosed

byacomputer.Now,whenthegaspressuregetstoohigh,theholesareopened

andsomeofthegas-filledwatershootsupthroughthepipeintotheairlike

afountain.Withlesspressurezadisastrousexplosionismuchlesslikely.

However,thescientistsarenotsurethatonepipewillbeenoughtoprevent

explosions.Theyhopetoputinotherssoonandtheyplantoinstallasimilar

pipeandacomputersystematLakeMonounaswell.

Toprotectpeoplenearbyuntilallofthepipesareinplace,thescientists

haveinstalledearlywarningsystemsatbothlakes.Ifthegaspressurerises

toadangerouslevelzcomputerswillsetoffloudsirens（警报）andbright

lightstowarnthepeopleinthevillages.Thatway,theywillhavetimeto

escapefromthedangerousgases.

41>WhatwillhappenwhenLakeNyosandLakeMonounexplode?

A.Waterwillflowdownthehills.

B.Poisonousgaseswillbereleasedsuddenly.

C.Astrongwindwillrisefromthelakes.

D.Thevolcanoeswillcometolife.

42、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutLakeNyosandLakeMonounistrue?

A.Theywereformedin1984.

B.Theyareatthetopoftwoactivevolcanoes.

C.Theyarenotlikemostothercraterlakes.

D.Waterinthemturnsoverregularly.

43、LakeNyosandLakeMonounexplodebecause

A.thegasesrisetothetopandmixwithair.

B.peoplefromthevillagesturnoverthewater.

C.scientistshaveputinacomputersystem.

D.theyhavemoregasestrappedatthebottomthanothercraterlakes.

44、Ateamofscientistshas

A.erectedapressure-releasingpipeinthelake.

B.identifiedthegasesatthebottomofthelake.

C.builtabeautifulfountainnearthelakes.

D.removedalldangerousgasesfromthelakes.

45、Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Scientistsareplanningtoinstallpipesinallcraterlakes.

B.Scientistsstilldonotknowhowtopreventgasexplosions.

C.Explosiondisasterscouldbeavoidedinthefuture.

D.Warningsystemshavebeensetupinthevillagesnearby.

第5部分：补全短文

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组

文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

EveryDogHasItsSay

KimikoFukudazaJapanesegirlzalwayswonderedWhatherdogwastrying

tosay.Wheneversheputonmakeup,itwouldpullathersleeve.46When

thedogbarkszsheglancesatasmallelectronicgadget（装置）.Thefollowing

nhumanntranslationappearsonitsscreen："Pleasetakemewithyou.""Irealized

that*showhewasfeeling,ns