2024年中考英语专题复习形容词和副词课件

形容词、副词中考专题复习考点：词性转换/级/词义辨析语法填空

完型阅读形容词：修饰n./（复合不定）代词；副词：修饰------“聚富行动”词性转换----adj.adv.形容词变副词的规则（+ly）1.一般的直接+ly；real---really；quick---quickly；quiet---quietly2.以辅音字母+y结尾，发音为/ɪ/，变y为i，再+ly；happy---happily；lucky/unlucky；health/unhealthy；busy；easy；angry；hungry；lazydry---drylyshy---shylysly---slyly3.以-le结尾的，去e加yterrible---terriblysimple---simplygentle---gentlypossible---possiblyprobable---probablyresponsible---responsibly

注意：whole（整个的，全部的）---wholly4.true---trulyfull---fully（充分地）初中只需掌握以下规则词性转换----adj.adv.注意：（1）有些副词无形容词形式（如：频度副词）（2）形副同形early,late,fast,hard,high（早晚快努力才会提高）（3）以-ly结尾的形容词friendly,lovely,lively,daily,ugly,lonely,likely（4）good---well（well作adj.指“身体好，身体健康”）词性转换----adj.其他词性（采用构词法）形容词后缀例词n.→adj.+ycloud---cloudysalt---salthealth---healthyfun-funny+fulsuccess---sucessfulcolor---colorfulpower---powerfuluse---usefulhelp---helpfulhope---hopefelcare---careful+less(表否定)home---homelessuse---uselesshope---hopelesshelp---helplessfear---fearlesssleep---sleeplesscare---careless

ce结尾的名词，去掉ce+tdifference---differentimportance---importantsilence---silentpatience---patientintelligence---intelligentabsence---absentconfidence---confident+altraditional---tradition

nation---nationalnatural---natureperson---personalculture---culturalenvironment---environmental+ousdanger---dangerousfame---famouscontinue---continuoushumor---humorous形容词后缀例词v.→adj.+ed（主语常为人；“感到......的”surprise---surprisedexcite---excitedinterest---interestedtire---tiredbore---boredplease---pleasedrelax---relaxedmove---movedtouch---touchedembarrass---embarrassedamaze---amazedscare---scared+ing（主语常为物；“令人......的”surprise---surprisingexcite---excitinginterest---interestingtire---tiringbore---boringrelax---relaxingmove---movingtouch---touchingembarrass---embarrassingamaze---amazingv./n.→adj.+able(ible)able本身就是一个单词，“有能力的”move---movable可移动的exchange---exchangeable可交换的

wash---washable可洗的drink---drinkable可饮用的comfort---comfortable舒适的(uncomfortable)suit---suitable合适的；相配的value---valuable有价值的enjoy---enjoyable令人愉快的use---usable可用的

admire---admirable令人钦佩的

believe---believable可相信的(unbelievable)change---changeable易变的

knowledge---knowledgeable有见识的；知识渊博的reason---reasonable有道理的；合理的；公道的由“数词+连字符+名词(+形容词)”构成的合成形容词作定语时，该名词用单数形式。形容词的主要用法句法功能例句 作表语Themathproblemisdifficult.作定语Istheresomethinghottodrink?作补语Youmakemeexcited.(宾语补足语)Thedoorwaspaintedwhite.(主语补足语)作状语Hearrivedhome,hungryandcold.某些形容词加上定冠词可表泛指或整体，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。Aftertheearthquake,thesoldierstriedtheirbesttotakethewoundedtothesafety.地震发生后,士兵们竭尽全力把伤员送到安全的地方。空格处用形容词的一般情况：①位于系动词后作表语;②位于名词前作定语;③位于复合不定代词之后,修饰复合不定代词;④位于宾语之后作宾补,常与make,

leave,keep等动词连用。副词的主要用法句法功能例句 作表语Inhisroom,booksandclothesareeverywhere.作定语Thepeopletherewereveryfriendly.作宾语补足语Iampleasedtoseeyouback.作状语Ioftenrunat7:00intheevening.空格处用形容词的一般情况：①修饰实义动词、系动词、助动词或情态动词。(副词修饰动词时，常放在动词的后面；频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。)②位于句首作状语,

修饰整个句子;③修饰形容词或其他副词。(副词修饰形容词或副词时，常放在被修饰词之前；enough修饰形容词或副词时，要放在被修饰词之后)1.通过分析具体的语境来辨析副词的词义。2.按意义分类初中阶段需要掌握的几类副词：(1)

时间副词：表示时间的,如now,then,today,tomorrow,yesterday,before,ago,soon,immediately,late,early,recently,already,yet,ever等；表示频度的,如always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,hardlyever等。副词辨析(2)

地点副词：here,there,somewhere,anywhere,outdoors,indoors,upstairs,downstairs,abroad,nearby,away,off,home等。(3)

方式副词：quickly,happily,loudly,suddenly,badly,easily,quietly等。(4)

程度副词：very,so,quite,too,much,rather,nearly等。3.按功用分类需掌握的几类副词：(1)句子副词：luckily,actually,traditionally等，通常修饰整个句子。(2)连接副词：besides,however等，在句子和分句之间起连接作用。(3)疑问副词：how,where,when,why,howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfar等，用来引导特殊疑问句。(4)缩合连接副词(关联词)：how,where,when,等，可用来连接宾语从句。(5)关系副词：when,where,why等，用来引导定语从句。形容词、副词的级

多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。（一）原级：即形容词或副词的原形。原级前可用very，quite，too，enough，so等副词修饰。I’mveryhungry.Mysisterrunsquitefast.(1)表示两者在某一方面相同：as+

adj./adv.原形+asThisdressisasbeautifulasthatone.LindasingsaswellasAmy.(2)表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时：notas/so+adj./adv.原形+asTomisn’tas/sotallasme.Idon’tsingas/soloudlyasmysister.A+lessadj./adv.原级+than+B形容词、副词的比较级、最高级形容词和副词比较级的构成：+er/more；

最高级的构成：+est/most（1）规则变化

变化规则例词单音节和部分双音节1.一般的词尾+er或+estcold---colder---coldestfew---fewer---fewestslow---slower---slowest2.以不发音字母e结尾的词,在词尾+r或+stnice---nicer---nicestlarge---larger---largest3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，要双写词尾辅音字符再+er或+est（辅元辅）big---bigger---biggestthin---thinner---thinnesthot---hotter---hottest4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再+er或+estearly---earlier---earliestbusy---busier---busiesteasy---easier---easiestheavy---heavier---heaviest

5.多音节词或部分双音节词，在前面+more或+mostoutgoing---moreoutgoingdifficult---moredifficult

6.动词加-ing或-ed词缀的形容词，在前面加more或+mostinteresting---moreinterestingbored---morebored

7.由形容词+ly构成的副词，在前面加上more或+mosthappily---morehappily

（2）不规则变化词义原级比较级最高级好good/wellbetterbest坏；糟糕ill/bad/badlyworseworst多many/muchmoremost少littlelessleast远farfarther（多指时间/距离远）farthestfurthestfurther（抽象意义上的远;更进一步；更深入的）

furtherstudy/education深造学习furtherinformation进一步的消息furtherdiscussion深入探讨老；旧oldolderoldestelder:（1）不可与“than”连用进行比较；（2）只修饰人，表示长幼辈分关系，指“年纪教长的”；（3）只能作定语：elder+n.；（4）作为名词，“年长者，长辈”.eldest练：写出下列单词的比较级和最高级cool____________________2.tall____________________3.short____________________4.small____________________old____________________6.large____________________7.quietly____________________8.fine____________________wet____________________10.hot____________________11.thin____________________12.busy____________________13.heavy____________________14.happy____________________15.dry____________________16.friendly____________________17.serious____________________18.well____________________19.much____________________20.little____________________21.smart____________________22.fast____________________23.high____________________24.popular____________________25.great____________________26.simple____________________形容词、副词的比较级的用法1.定义比较级：两者进行比较,表示“一方比另一方更……”比较级的常用句型结构（1）“A+be+adj.比较级+than+B”“A+实义动词+adv.比较级+than+B”；意为“A比B更……”。MarkismoreoutgoingthanTony.IdidworseintheexamthanSally.（2）“A+is+the+adj.比较级+ofthetwo（+复数n）”；意为“A是两者中较......的”Tomisthetallerofthetwo(boys).(B如果为人称代词时，主格、宾格均可使用)（3）“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级（多音节或部分双音节词）”；意为“越来越......”。Ourlifeisgettingbetterandbetter.Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.（4）“the+比较级（+从句）,the+比较级（+从句）”；

意为：“越……，就越……”Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.特殊疑问词+be+adj.比较级，AorB?特殊疑问词+实义动词+adv.比较级，AorB?Whichisbigger,themoonorthesun?Whosingsbetter,LindaorMary?3.常见的比较级修饰词（1）much/alot/far+比较级

“……得多”Lilyismuchsmarterthanbefore.（2）alittle/abit+比较级

“稍微……”Canyoucometoschoolalittleearliertomorrow?（3）even+比较级

“甚至……”（或者不译）Thebookisevenmoreusefulthanthatone.形容词、副词的最高级的用法1.定义

最高级：表示“最……”，用于三者或三者以上(人或物)进行比较。形容词的最高级前一般要加定冠词the,但如果前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格等修饰语时,则不用定冠词the。副词最高级前面的the,可以省略。2.最高级的常用句型结构（1）“主语+be+the+adj.最高级+in/of短语”；

意为“……是……中最……的”。Markisthemostoutgoinginhisclass.Markisthemostoutgoingofallthestudents.（注：in+单位/团体/场所；of(among)+与主语同类的名词或代词）（2）“主语+实义动词+(the)+adv.最高级+in/of短语”；意为“……是……中最……的”。Irun(the)fastestinmyclass.Irun(the)fastestofallthestudents.（3）“主语+be+oneofthe+adj.最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”；意为“……是……中最……的……之一”。Thishouseisoneoftheoldestbuildingsinourtown.（4）“the+序数词+adj.最高级+n.”；意为“第几最……的”TheYellowRiveristhesecondriverinChina.（5）“特殊疑问词+be+the+adj.最高级，A,BorC?”Whichcountryisthelargest,China,RussiaortheUK?（6）“特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形+(the)+adv.最高级，A,BorC?”Whichcountrydoyoulikebest,China,RussiaortheUK?3.比较级表示最高级（1）“比较级+thananyother+单数名词”意为“比其他任何一个都……”

“比较级+thantheother+复数名词”意为“比其他的都……”

（在同一范围内作比较）ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.=ChinaislargerthantheothercountriesinAsiaMarysingsmorebeautifullythananyotherstudentinourclass.=Marysingsthemostbeautifullyinourclass.（2）“比较级+thanany+单数名词”意为“比其他任何……都……”

（不在同一范围内作比较）ChinaislargerthananycountryinAfrica.（3）在某些语境的句子中，

否定词+比较级=最高级（可不讲），意为“再没有比……更……的了”Ilikenothingbetterthanswimming.Nooneistallerthanhiminhisclass.IcanneverhaveabetterteacherthanMr.Li.Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Weshouldmakeourselves_________(value)sothatthecompanywon'twanttoloseus.2.Mybrothersarealwaysfullofenergyandtheyareso_______(live).3.The___________(interest)talkshowmadelotsofpeople_______(relax).4.Toprotecttheearth,wemustn'tthrowawaythewaste__________(care).5.It'snoisyoutside.Ican'thearyou_______.(clear)

6.Listen!Thebossisshoutingagain.Hasheeversaidanything__________(peaceful)?

7.Onceaweekmybusinesssuitis_________(smooth)ironed.8.Ourmanagergreetedtheguests_______withasmileattheentrance.(polite)

valuable

lively

interestingrelaxedcarelesslyclearly

peacefully

smoothlypolitelyⅡ.

用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Iwasbleeding_______fromthecut.2.Webothslept_______andfeltterriblethenextday.3.They________believetheirchildrenshouldmakechoicesforthemselves.4.Ourschoolhas___________changedovertheseyears.5.Thecolorredis_______________connectedwithhappyeventsin

China.strong,bad,traditional,heavy,completeheavily

badlystrongly

completely

traditionally

1.TheORBISdoctoradvisedthegirltohavetheoperationtopreventhereyeproblemgettingmuch_______(bad).

2.

—Howshallwetravel?Bytrainorbyplane？—Let'sgobytrain.It's_________(cheap).

worse

cheaper用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。3.

Alice

cooksas_______(good)ashermotherdoes.

4.Itis_______(good)tolistenthantospeak.

5.Theeffectofthiskindofmedicineneeds_______(far)studybeforeitcanbewidelyused.6.Ithinkplayingvideogamesisawasteoftime.Itis___________________(meaningful)thing.well

betterfurthertheleastmeaningful

7.Mysisterhasbigfeet,butIhave_______(big)ones.Ieventakesize41shoes.8.Asourchildrengetbigger,ourhouseseemstoget_______(small).9.The_______(few)carsweuse,the_______(little)pollutiontherewillbe.bigger

smaller

fewerless10.Paul'smannersseemtoget_______(bad)and_______(bad).Hisparentsareveryworriedabouthim.11.—Whichfloweris________________(beautiful),roses,sunflowersorlilies?—Ilikesunflowers.12.—ManygirlstudentsthinkEnglishis______________(difficult)thanmath.

—Iagree.I'mweakinmath.worseworse

themostbeautifullessdifficult13.—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Itis___________________(wonderful)oneI'veeverread.14.Thefive-starhotelis_________________(enjoyable)intownandIoftenstaythereonbusiness.themostwonderful

themostenjoyable1.—Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis,please?—Ofcourse.Wecanbuy

onethanthis,but

it.A.abetter;betterthan B.aworse;asgoodasC.acheaper;asgoodas D.amoreimportant;notasgoodasC2.Ofthethreebooks，theblueone______.A.cheap B.cheaperC.cheapest3.Tinaisas______ashersister,Tara. A.outgoing B.moreoutgoing C.themostoutgoingCA4.Nobodyworkedthemathproblemout.Itwas______oneofall.A.easier B.theeasiest C.moredifficult D.themostdifficultD5.WuDajiang,a________Chineseskater,setanewworldrecordattheShortTrackWorldCuplastyear.A.25-year-old B.25yearoldC.25-year-old D.25yearsoldC6.Whilewatchingthefilmyesterday,Icouldn’tstoplaughingatsome_______moments.A.humorous B.challenging C.dangerous D.surprisingA7.Theartistisso_______thathecanmakedifferentchangingpictureswithsand.A.common B.careless C.creative D.helpfulC9.Hewasdowninthemouthbecausehemissedhistrain.A.unhappy B.happy C.glad D.relaxed8.ComparedwithnewspapersorTV,theInternetofferspeople_____information.A.much B.more C.mostBA10.Wehaven’tgot_____meatfordinner.Let’sbuy______chicken.A.some:some B.some;any C.any;any D.any;some11.Great!Wewillhavea________holiday.A.seven-days B.seven-days C.sevenday’s D.sevendaysDA12.CouldyouspeakinaloudvoicesothatIcanhearyou________?A.quickly B.happily C.slowly D.clearlyD13.SantaishanForestParkis_______beautifulthatithasbecomeahottouristattraction.A.so B.very C.such D.quiteA14.Mybrotherhasahealthylivinghabit.He_______staysuplate,andheisanearlybird.A.usually B.hardly C.often D.always15.—Whosings_______inyourclass?—LiJingdoes.A.mostbeautifully B.mostbeautiful C.morebeautifully D.morebeautifulBA16.Moreandmorepeopleagreethatexpressionssuchas“LOL”and“hahaha”aremakingourspeechmoredirectbut______interestingandcreative.A.less B.more C.theleast D.themostA17.—I’mnotsureifIcopiedtheaddresscorrectly.Canyoucheckitforme?—Noproblem,let’scheckittogether.A.withoutdifficulty B.withoutinstructionC.withoutmistakesC18.Frederick_______enteredthefinalcompetitionlastmonth.Hishobbyhasbroughthim___________.A.successful;success B.successful;successfully C.successfully;success D.successfully;successfulC19.Peterstudies__________ofallthestudentsinhisclass.A.hard B.harder C.hardest20.Ofallthestudentsinmyclass,Lilystudies______.