湖南省雅礼中学2023-2024学年高三上学期月考（一）英语试题（原卷版）

大联考雅礼中学2024届高三月考试卷（一）英语本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时、先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whendidthematchactuallystart?A.At6:45pm.B.At7:15pm.C.At7:30pm2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heprefersstudytoapicnic.B.Hedislikesautumn.C.Heisratherbusy.3.Wheredoes,theconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inashoppingmall.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inthestreet.4.Whatdothespeakersthinkoftheperformance?A.Moving.B.Disappointing.C.Interesting.5.Whichshoesarethemostexpensive?A.Theredones.B.Thewhiteones.C.Theblueones.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话威独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段长对话，回答小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Rentavehicle.B.Collectavehicle.C.Purchaseavehicle.7.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Bringanagreement.B.Sendaconfirmationnumber.C.Searchthedatabase.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。8.Whathappenedlastnight?A.Theairconditionerbrokedown.BTheelectricitywascutoffduetothestrongwind.C.Theelectricfansbrokedown.9.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Buysomeice.B.Repairtheairconditioner.C.Repairtheelectricitysystem.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。10.Whatisthemanspeaker?A.Aphysician.B.Anoperator.C.Anurse.11.What'swrongwiththewoman'sbrother?A.Hehurthisleg.B.Hewasoutofbreath.C.Helostconsciousness.12.Whatinformationisneeded?A.Thewoman'sbrother'sname.B.Thewoman'slocation.C.Thewoman'sphonenumber.13.Whatisthemanspeaker'ssuggestion?A.Keepingcool.B.Sendingforadoctor.C.Movingtoasafeplace.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。14.WhydoesCherrycallRyan?A.Becauseshemisseshim.B.Becausesheneedsvolunteerstohelpout.C.BecauseshewantstointroduceLindatohim.15.WhenwillRyanprobablyhavetimetohelpout?A.Sunday.B.Fridayafternoon.C.BothmorningsofFridayandSaturday.16.WhatdoesRyanhavetodobeforeleaving?A.HehastogetintouchwithLinda.B.Hehastogetthebookordersout.C.Hehastogiveguidedtourstothenewstudents.听下面一段独白，回答小题。17.Whatwilltherailwaypanydowiththecarpark?A.Changeitforamultistoryone.B.Enlargetheparkingarea.C.ConnectittotheHighstreet.18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthelibrary?A.Itwillmovetoadifferentsite.B.Itwillcloseforaboutsixweeks.C.Itwillextendtheopeninghours.19.Whatchangewillbemadetothenaturereserve?A.Thecouncilwillofferthefundtoit.B.Therewillbeachargeforaccesstoit.C.Anationalorganizationwillmanageit.20.What'sthespeakerdoing?A.Announcingsomeplans.B.Givingalecture.C.Introducingatown.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouwanttounderstandChinabutcan’taffordanexpensiveinternationalflight,thesefourbookscangiveyouapleteoverviewofthecountry.RiverTownRiverTown:TwoYearsontheYangtzebyPeterHesslerThisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.Hesslerwritesabouthisexperienceslivinginaforeigncultureandobservingthelivesofthetown’sresidents.Thebookwaspublishedin2001andhaswonseveralawards,includingtheKiriyamaPrize.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChinaItisabookthattellsthestoryofChina’smodernization.ItwaswrittenbyEzraVogelandpublishedin2011.TheauthordescribeshowDengXiaoping’spoliciesledtosignificantchangesinChina’seconomyandsociety.ThebookhasreceivedcriticalhonorsandwontheLionelGelberPrizeIn2012.TheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpenceThisbookisaprehensivehistoryofChinafromtheMingdynastytothepresentday.Theauthor,aprominentscholarofChinesehistory,providesadetailedanalysisofthesocial,cultural,andpoliticalchangesthathavetakenplaceinChinaoverthepast500years.Thebookwasfirstputoutin1990andhassincebeenrevisedandupdatedseveraltimes.Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChinaWrittenbyLeslieT.Chang,thisbook,publishedin2008,isreportageonthelivesofyoungwomenwholeavetheirruralhomestoworkinfactoriesinChina’scities.Chang,aformerNewYorkTimescorrespondent(someonewhoisemployedbyanewspaperoratelevisionstationetc.toreportnewsfromaparticularareaoronaparticularsubject),interviewedhundredsoffactorygirlstoprovideinsightintothesocialandeconomicchangesinChina.1.WhatkindofbookisRiverTown?A.Sciencefiction. B.Nonfiction.C.AtravelguideofFuling. D.Areferencebook.2.WhatisTRUEaboutTheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpence?A.Itwaspublished500yearsago. B.Itwaswrittenbyahistoryteacher.C.Itwasverypopular. D.Ithasremainedthesamesinceitsfirstpublication.3.Whichbookiswrittenbyareporter?A.RiverTown.B.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChina.C.TheSearchforModernChina.D.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina.BFouryearsago,RomeLeykinwasonhiswaytoworkwhenheaccidentallyfellontothetracksofBrooklyn'sLtrainasasubwaywasapproaching.Theincidentresultedinthelossofbothofhislegs.Butsurprisingly,withthelossofhislegs,Leykingainedanewpassionforracing.Beforehisaccident,hewasn'treallythatathletic.Hewouldjustoccasionallyplaybasketball.Butthatallchangedafterhewasintroducedtohandcycling.“WhenIsawit,Iwaslike,‘Oh,thisisgreat.Youdon'tevenneedlegstouseit.Thisisperfect.’”hesaid.“So,Igotonit,Irodeandfellinlovewithitrightaway.”Withinafewmonths,hepletedtheTDFiveBoroBikeTour.a40mileridethroughNewYorkCity.Afterthat,hedidhisfirstmarathonin2021.Hefishedthatracein2hoursand11minutes,placing12thoutof38.“I'mgoingtoattendthisyear'smarathonandtakeonchallenges.Myhandsareonthewheel,myeyesarefocused,andIthinkmytimeisgoingtospeakforitself.”hesaid.He'smadeasignificantmitmenttotraining.Hehandcyclesatleast13.1milesacoupletimesaweekandspendsalotoftimeinthegym.Andheplanstokeeppursuinghisathletegoals.HewantstopletetheAbbottSixtheworld'ssixlargestmarathons.Oneday,hesaid,he'llmaybeevenmaketheParalympics.Forthosewhomightbefollowinghisjourneyhehopestheywilltakesomelessonsfromhisstory.“Therewillbeupsanddownsbutthetrendiswhat'simportant.Focusonthegood,”hesaid.“Andalso,takeyourbigproblemsandsplitthemintosmallsolutions.Andthenallofasudden,yourbigproblemsturnintomanysmallwins.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutRomeLeykinfromparagraph2?A.Heoncewasanexcellentbasketballplayer.B.Heconsideredhandcyclingdifficultinthebeginning.C.Hemadehandcyclingmorepopularamongthedisabled.D.Heshowedaninterestinhandcyclingthemomenthesawit.5.HowdidRomeLeykinfeelabouttheingmarathon?A.Worried. B.Curious. C.Confident. D.Nervous.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRomeLeykin?A.Easygoingandreliable. B.Kindheartedandhelpful.C.Openmindedandcreative. D.Strongwilledandambitious.7.WhatmessagedoesRomeLeykinconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Sticktoyourdreams. B.Breakdownyourgoals.C.Focusonyourstrengths. D.Achievesuccessatallcosts.CAroundtheSaharaDesertdaytimetemperaturescanreach140degreesFahrenheit(60degreesCentigrade).Notmanyorganismscansurviveinthissevereenvironment.ButaninsectcalledtheSaharansilverantthrives.Theyquicklyrunontothesandfromtheirprotectedneststogatherupthebodiesoflessfortunateinsectsthathavediedfromtheheat.“Thehottertheday,themoreinsectbodiestheywillfindandthemorefoodtheyhave.”saysSarahPfeffer,ananimalbehavioristatUlmUniversityinGermany.ShesaysthattoavoidsinkingintotheSaharansand,wheretheycouldmeetthesamefateastheirlunch,silverantshavetobefast.Todocumentjusthowquicklytheantsmove,Pfefferandhercolleaguessetuphighspeedcamerasaboveachannelbetweentheentrancetothehungryants'nestandafoodsource.Theresearchersrecordedtopspeedsapproaching35inchespersecond.“Butifyoureallyknowhowbigtheanimalsare,andyoucalculatethebodylengthpersecond,youeupwithawalkingspeedthatisanastonishing108bodylengthspersecond.”Thatfiguremakesthemthefastestknownantontheplanet.Thevideosrevealedhowtheantsachievesuchgreatspeeds.Astheyaccelerate.theirlegmovementsbeesynchronized(同步的).Theyincreasetheirsteplengthbybringingallsixfeetoffthesandatonce.“Really,alllegsareliftedfromtheground.Theyareinair,butit'snotjumping.It'saverysmoothrunthattheyhave”saysPfeffer.Pfeffersaysthey'refasterthanacloselyrelatedantspeciescalledCataglyphisfortis,whichhaslongerlegsbutalessimpressiveairbornephase(腾空阶段).Thatantonlyreachesabout24inchespersecond,ortwothirdsofthesilverant'smaximum.TheSaharansilverants'rapidspeedsmaybeimpressive,buttwoinsectsareevenLaster:theCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle,bothofwhichalsothriveatlifethreateningtemperatures.Seemsthattobeattheheat,itpaystobefleet.8.Theunderlinedword"thrives"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”.A.beesextinct B.movesaway C.getsweaker D.livessuccessfully9.WhatcanwelearnaboutSaharansilverantsfromthepassage?A.Theysometimesdiefromtheheat.B.Theyarethefastestknownanimalsontheplanet.C.Theirlegmovementsbeesynchronizedwhentheyspeedup.D.TheymovefasterthantheCaliforniacoastalmiteandtheAustraliantigerbeetle.10.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoexplainbywingtheexampleoftheCauliformCrestamile?A.It'simportanttobefastinanextremecondition.B.Notmanyorganismscansurviveinasevereenvironment.C.TheanimalhasalessimpressivespeedthantheSaharansilverant.D.SaharansilverantsgatherupthebodiesoftheCaliforniacoastalmites.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnimalsSurviveinExtremeHot B.TheFastestKnownBeetleonthePlanetC.FleetAntBeatsSaharanHeat D.AntsIncreaseStepLengthbyJumpingDResearchersattheUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst(UMassAmherst)recentlyannouncedthattheyhavefiguredouthowtoengineerabiofilm(生物膜)thatharveststheenergyinevaporation(蒸发)andchangesittoelectricity.Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNaturemunications,hasthepotentialtorevolutionizetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensorstopersonalelectronics.“Thisisaveryexcitingtechnology,”saysLiuXiaomeng,graduatestudentinelectricalandputerengineeringinUMassAmherst’sCollegeofEngineeringandthepaper’sleadauthor.“Itgeneratesrealgreenenergy,andunlikeothersocalled‘greenenergy’sources,itsproductionistotallygreen.”That’sbecausethisbiofilmwhichisasheetofbacterialcellsandasthinasasheetofpaperisproducednaturallybyan,engineeredversionofthebacteriumGeobactersulfurreducens(硫还原地杆菌).G.sulfurreducensisknowntoproduceelectricityandhasbeenusedpreviouslyin“microbialbatteries”topowerelectricalequipment.ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatG.sulfurreducensbeproperlycaredforandfedaconstantdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasaparablysizedbattery,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseit’sdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.Thesecretbehindthisnewbiofilmisthatitmakesenergyfromthemoisture(水分)onyourskin.Thoughwedailyreadstoriesaboutsolarpower,atleast50%ofthesolarenergyreachingtheearthgoestowardevaporatingwater.“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy,”saysYaoJun,professorofelectricalandputerengineeringatUMassAmherst,andthepaper’soneseniorauthor.Sincethesurfaceofourskinisconstantlymoistwithsweat,thebiofilmcan“pluginto”itandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopowersmallequipment.“Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoreintelligentwearableelectronics,”saysYao,andLiupointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.12.Whatfunctionisthebiofilmexpectedtoachieve?A.Updatingwearableelectronics. B.Acquiringpowerfromevaporation.C.Changingthewayofgettingelectricity. D.Supplyingenergyto“microbialbatteries”.13.Whatistheadvantageofthebiofilmparedwith“microbialbatteries”?A.It’sthinnerinthickness. B.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itreducesthecostinusage. D.Itemploysarareenergysource.14.Howdoesthebiofilmpowersmalldevices?A.Byinteractingwithsolarpower. B.Bygainingenergyfromelectronicsystems.C.Byusingwatertogenerateelectricity. D.Byproducingcontinuouselectricityfromsweat.15.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebiofilm?A.Flexible. B.Controversial. C.Promising. D.Delicate.第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。YouAreaBetterPersonThanYouThinkYouAreMaybeyouhaven’tachievedgoalsinaselfappointedtimeframe.____16____Butthisdoesn’tmeanyouareabadpersonorafailure.Youcouldindeedbeawonderfulindividual.Youcouldactuallybeamuchbetterpersonthanyoubelieveyouare.So,let’sexaminetheideathatyoumightbebetterthanyouthink.YoushowkindnessBeingpoliteandkindisthemarkofagoodperson.Whenyoudothis,youaretreatingotherslikeyouwouldwanttobetreated.____17____Eventhesmallestofthingsdonotgounnoticedandaretraitsthatyouhaveagoodheart.YouareapositivepersonKeepinganoptimisticattitudeisalsoatraitofagoodpersonwithapowerfulcharacter.Itiseasytobeenegativewithallthebadthingsgoingonintheworld,butthere’sanotherwaytolookatthesethings.Whenyou’reactuallybetterthanyouthink,youwillhavethehabitoflookingonthebrightsideofeverysituationandseeingthebestineveryone.____18________19____Beingwiseisnotaboutbeingintelligent.It’saboutlearningfromlifeexperiences.Whydoesthismakeyouabetterpersonthanyouthink?Wisdomcanbepassedtootherstohelpthemavoidthesamemistakesyoumade.Youareagoodpersonifyou’vecollectedwisdomandlovetosharelessonswithothers.So,goeasyonyourself.Appreciatewhoyouare.Iftherearethingsyouneedtochange,that’sokay.____20____It’saboutourattitudeandourheart.Ibet,ifyoutookthetimetoreadthis,youareabetterpersonthanyouthink.A.Yougivehonestments.B.It’sjustallaboutshowingoptimism.C.Weallhaveproblemsandimperfections.D.Youarewise,andyoushareyourwisdom.E.Maybeyouhavemademanymistakesaswell.F.Respectingothersandtheirspaceshowsadulthood,whichisasignofatrulygoodperson.G.Thismayincludeopeningdoorsforothersorpickingupchangeforpeopleinfrontofyouatthecheckoutline.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Imanageafinancialdepartment.Irecentlypromisedmyteamthatiftheyexceeded(超过)theirgoal,thepanywould____21____themtoaverygoodItalianrestaurantthatwealllove.Theyexceededthegoalbyalot,soImadea____22____forthesixteenofus.Thedayofourouting,wewereseated.Rightawayandinawhilethewaitresstookour_____23_____Then,thewaitresstoldusthatshewassorry,becausethepersonwhowassupposedtobehelpingherdidn't____24____.Soshehadto____25____ourparty,andothercustomersonherown.Shelookedvisibly____26____whenItoldherthatIwouldpayforeverythingononecheckinsteadofseparatechecks.Ourorderingwasalittlechaotic(混乱).Wewerebusyhavingfunandconversation,sononeofus____27____that.Thefoodwasdeliciousandweenjoyeditverymuch.Itcametimeforthe____28____and,aswasexplainedtomewhenImadethereservation,therestaurant____29____an18%tiptothebill.ThebillcametoaboutUS$650beforethetipandIgavehermycreditcard.Shereturnedwithmyreceiptandthankedusand_____30_____thattheirservicewasalittleslow.Wetoldhereverythingwasperfectandthankedherforworkingsohard.Shehadbeensonicetousand_____31_____,thatIleftanadditionalUS$50cashtipinthereceiptfolder.Allofasudden,thewaitresscameoutoftherestaurantandgrabbedmyarm.IwasthinkingifIforgottosignthe_____32_____orsomethingwhenInoticedshehad_____33_____inhereyes.Shethankedmeforthetipandsaidshereallydidn't_____34_____it.Shehadhada_____35_____timelatelyandthetipreallywarmedherheart.21.A.deliver B.treat C.send D.lead22.A.promise B.reservation C.difference D.remark23.A.order B.invitation C.shelf D.menu24.A.setoff B.calmdown C.showup D.ringback25.A.observe B.attend C.handle D.postpone26.A.embarrassed B.shockod C.frightened D.relieved27.A.minded B.heard C.missed D.noticed28.A.wealth B.welfare C.payment D.wage29.A.reduced B.passed C.returned D.added30.A.apologized B.announced C.informed D.indicated31.A.generous B.patient C.honest D.intelligent32.A.form B.substitute C.procedure D.receipt33.A.smiles B.disappointment C.tears D.hope34.A.understand B.deserve C.want D.expect35.A.tough B.warm C.wonderful D.precious第二节（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TibetanNewYear,alsoknownasLosar,isthemostimportantfestivalinTibetandiscelebratedfor15days,____36____(typical)fallinginFebruaryorMarch.In2023,TibetanNewYearfell____37____Feb.21.ThecelebrationsincludearangeofcustomsandtraditionsthatreflecttheuniquecultureandidentityoftheTibetanpeople.Beforethe____38____(arrive)oftheNewYear,Tibetansengageinthoroughcleaningoftheirhomesandsurroundings.Thispracticeistogetridofbadluckinthepreviousyear.Theyalsomakeofferingstothegodsandancestors____39____(seek)blessingsfortheupingyear.DecoratinghomesandpublicplacesisamoncustomduringLosar.Inaddition,peoplealsodecoratetheirclotheswithpatterns,andtheirhair____40____(style)infashion.DuringtheNewYear,Tibetansenjoyfeastswiththeirfamilyandfriends.Traditionaldishessuchasmomos,atypeof____41____(steam)dumplingfilledwithmeatorvegetables,____42____Tibetanbuttertea,madefromyakbutterandtealeaves,areserved.SweettreatslikeTibetanbuttercookiesanddriedfruitarealsoenjoyed.TheLosarcelebrationseto____43____endwithagrandceremony.Peoplegatherinpublicspacesandlightincense(香)andcandles____44____offeringfood,drinksandotheritemstothegods.ThisisfollowedbytheceremonyofthrowingTsampa,aroastedbarleyflourintotheairasasymboloflettinggoofthepastyearand____45____(embrace)newbeginnings.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，上周在某国外网站购买了一支录音笔，收货后你发现它有很多质量问题。请根据下列提示给客服经理MissBrown发一封电子邮件。内容包括：1.写信的目的；2.产品（录音笔）问题描述；3.你期待商家如何解决问题注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：录音笔recordingpenDearMissBrown___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。DuringthesummerbeforePattyenteredfifthgrade,shedecidedtotryanewsport.SwimtrainingwasnearlyoverandPattywasthefastestswimmerinheragegroup.Shehadalwaysbeenthebest.Theneighborhoodwasofferingaoneweektennistrainingcourse.PattyandherfriendDarlagotpermissionfromtheirparentstojoin.OnSaturdaymorning,Darla’smomtookthegirlstoastoreandboughtthemeachagood,usedtennisracket.“Ifyougirlssticktotennis,thenwe’lltalkaboutanewracket.Thesewilldofornow.”Thegirlswereexcitedabouttheirnewpurchases.OnMondaymorning,at7:00a.m.,Patty’smomwokeherup.“It’stime