福建省福州市2025届高三英语第三次质量检测试题含解析VIP

PAGE24-福建省福州市2025届高三英语第三次质量检测试题（含解析）其次部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B.C和D)中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWanttobemoresuccessful?Ifso,thenyouneedtoreadafewself-helpbooks.Herearefourpopularonestogetyougoing.59Seconds(2009)byRichardWisemanThisisaself-helpbookwithadifference.Wiseman,ascientist,usessciencetoprovemanyself-helpmyths(神话)arefalse.Forexample,self-helpbookssaythatifyouwanttoachieveagoal,youshouldvisualizeit.ButWisemansaysthat'stheworstthingtodo.Studiesshowthatyouneedtovisualizethestepsrequiredtoachievethegoal.HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople(1936)—byDaleCarnegieThisisthebookthatlaunchedtheself-helptype.Carnegiesaysfinancialsuccessis15%professionalknowledgeand85%theabilitytoexpressideas,assumeleadership,andmotivatepeople.Thebookisfullofpracticaladviceonhowtoinfluencepeoplebymakingthemlikeyou.TheMillionaireNextDoor(1996)byThomasStanley&WlliamDankoTheauthorsofthisbookspentyearsinterviewingAmericanmillionairestofigureoutthesecretsoftheirsuccess.Andtheydiscoveredthatamajorityofmillionairesdon'tliveluxurylifestyles.They'rerichbecausetheylivebelowtheirmeansandreinvestwhattheyearn.WhoMovedMyCheese?(1998)-bySpencerJohnsonWhoMovedMyCheese?AnAmazingWaytoDealwithChangeinYourWorkandinYourLife,publishedonSeptember8,1998,isamotivationalbusinessfable.Thetextdescribeschangeinone'sworkandlife,andfourtypicalreactionstothosechangesbytwomiceandtwo“littlepeople”，duringtheirhuntforcheese.1.Whatisthekeytoachievingsuccessin59Seconds?A.Toemployscience. B.Tofollowexamples.C.Topictureprocedures. D.Tovisualizethegoal.2.WhatisDaleCarnegie'sbookmainlyabout?A.Howtomasteroccupationalknowledge. B.Howtoapplypracticaltechniques.C.Howtogainstrongmanagement. D.Howtobecomepopularpersons.3.Whichbookcanhelpyouadapttochangeinyourlife?A.59Seconds B.WhoMovedMyCheese?C.TheMillionaireNextDoor D.HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本有助于变得更胜利的自助书籍。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据59Seconds(2009)byRichardWiseman部分中Studiesshowthatyouneedtovisualizethestepsrequiredtoachievethegoal.可知探讨表明，你须要设想实现目标所需的步骤。由此可知，要想在59秒内取得胜利，关键是要把步骤想象出来。故选C。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople(1936)—byDaleCarnegie部分中Thebookisfullofpracticaladviceonhowtoinfluencepeoplebymakingthemlikeyou.可知这本书里有许多好用的建议，教你如何通过让别人喜爱你来影响别人。由此可知，DaleCarnegie的书主要讲了如何成为受欢迎的人。故选D。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中WhoMovedMyCheese?AnAmazingWaytoDealwithChangeinYourWorkandinYourLife,publishedonSeptember8,1998,isamotivationalbusinessfable.Thetextdescribeschangeinone'sworkandlife,andfourtypicalreactionstothosechangesbytwomiceandtwo“littlepeople”，duringtheirhuntforcheese.可知1998年9月8日出版的《谁动了我的奶酪？处理工作和生活改变的奇妙方法》是一个励志的商业寓言。文章描述了工作和生活的改变，以及两只老鼠和两个“小人物”在找寻奶酪的过程中对这些改变的四种典型反应。由此可知，《谁动了我的奶酪？》这本书可以帮助你适应生活中的改变。故选B。BWhenMilletwasaboyheworkedonhisneedyfather'sfarm.AttheresthourinthefieldstheotherworkerswouldalltakenapsbutyoungMilletwouldspendtimedrawing.Finally,thevillagewherehelivedgavehimalittlemoneytoParistostudyart.WhenMilletreachedParis,hehadatoughtime.Fortunately,whenhewasalmoststarving,someoneboughtoneofhispeasantpaintings,whichenabledhisfamilytoleaveforBarbizon.Millet'spicturesofpeasantsatworkwerepaintedinauniqueway.Thepainterwouldgooutonthefarmsandwatchthemcarefully—digging,hoeing,spreadingmanure,sawingwood,orsowinggrain.Thenhewouldcomehomeandpaintwhathehadseen.Soastonishinglyaccuratewashismemorythathecouldpaintathomewithoutmodelsandgetallthemovementsofhisfiguresright.Whenhedidneedafiguretogoby,hewouldaskhiswifetoposeforhim.Oneofhisnotedartworksiscalled“TheSower”,whichshowsamanseeding.Hereachesintohisbagforseedandthenswingsbackwardtoscattertheseed,andwitheachswingofhishandthesowerstridesforward.InMillet'spicturethesowerhasbeenworkinghard,buthisswingingstepandarmstillmovesmoothly,likeamachine.Onlytheman'sheadrevealshisgreattiredness.Anothermasterpieceiscalled“TheGleaners”.Agleanerissomeonepickinguptheleftoverinthefieldafterthewheatharvest.WhenfarmersnearBarbizonareextremelybadly-off,eventhelittlethegleanerscanfindisahelp.YoucanseefromMillet'spicturewhatback-breakingworkgleaningmustbe.4.WhatdoweknowaboutMillet?A.Hiswifesupportedhimtobeapainter. B.Hewaskeenonpaintingasakid.C.HespenthiswholelifeinBarbizon. D.HewasbroughtupinParis.5.Howdidhepaintthelaboringfarmers?A.Askingmodelsforhelp. B.Imaginingfiguresinthefield.C.Rememberingwhathehadobserved. D.Recallingthedaysonhisfather'sfarm.6.WhatdoMillet'sworksconvey?A.Thefarmers'hardships. B.Thesceneoffarming.C.Hisloveforthevillage. D.Hisanxietyaboutthefarmers.7.WhatpaintingstyleofMilletcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Impressionistic. B.Abstract.C.Romantic. D.Realistic.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Millet从小就喜爱画画，他的画作主要描绘了农夫劳动时的场景。他通过记住他所视察到的来描绘劳动的农夫，且Millet的作品传达了农夫的艰辛。文章最终介绍了他的两幅作品。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中WhenMilletwasaboyheworkedonhisneedyfather'sfarm.Attheresthourinthefieldstheotherworkerswouldalltakenaps,butyoungMilletwouldspendtimedrawing.可知,当小米还是个孩子的时候，他在他父亲的农场工作。在田间休息的时候，其他的工人都会打盹，但小Millet会花时间画画。由此可知，Millet从小就喜爱画画。故选B。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Thepainterwouldgooutonthefarmsandwatchthemcarefully—digging,hoeing,spreadingmanure,sawingwood,orsowinggrain.Thenhewouldcomehomeandpaintwhathehadseen.可知画家会到农场去，看他们细致地挖土、锄地、撒肥料、锯木头或播种。然后他回到家，把他所看到的画出来。由此可知，他通过记住他所视察到的来描绘劳动的农夫。故选C。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中InMillet'spicturethesowerhasbeenworkinghard,buthisswingingstepandarmstillmovesmoothly,likeamachine.Onlytheman'sheadrevealshisgreattiredness.可知在Millet的画中，播种者始终在努力工作，但他摇摆的步伐和手臂仍旧流畅地移动，像一台机器。只有这个男人的头部显露出他极度的乏累。以及最终一段中YoucanseefromMillet'spicturewhatback-breakingworkgleaningmustbe.可知从Millet的画中可以看出，拾穗是一项多么累人的工作。由此可推知，Millet的作品传达了农夫的艰辛。故选A。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段中Millet通过视察劳动的农夫来进行作画，以及最终两段描述Millet作品中农夫耕作时现实的形象，由此可推知，Millet的绘画风格是现实主义的。故选D。CTheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2024withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathreeyearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.Thecurriculumisbuiltaroundinterdisciplinaryproblems—knifecrime,childhoodobesity,plasticpollution,amongothers—aswellasquantitativeandqualitativeresearchskills.EmployersliketheMetPoliceandVirginwillprovideprojectideasandofferfive-weekworkexperienceforstudents.“We’regoingtotryandcreateareallytransformationaleducationalexperiencewhereallthepeopleintheinstitutionarewakingupeverymorningandsaying,‘Howcanwetakethesebrilliantyoungpeopleandgivethemanamazinglearningexperience?”saysEdFidoe,aco-founderoftheLIS.TheideaissimilartoaU.S.liberalarts(通识教化)degreebutalsomorespecificallyfocusedonmultiplesubjects—economics,psychology,sociology,statistic,etc.—tosolvecomplexproblemslikechildhoodobesity.Inotherwords,theproblem,notthesubject,sitsatthecenterofthecurriculum.Theskillsstudentsdevelop,thefoundershope,willmorecloselycomeintoagreementwithwhatanAl-infused,automatedworlddemands:collaboration(协作)betweenpeopleandmachines,criticalthinking,speakingandwritingskill,anddatamanagement,tonamejustafewthings.Thechallengesofbuildinganewuniversityfromscratcharedaunting(令人生畏的):studentshavetosignupfor,andpayfor,somethinguntested;alltheteacherswillhavetoteachinatotallynewanddifferentway;andthere’sariskthataninterdisciplinarycurriculumwillbeinterestingbutthin.Fidoesaysit’satallorder.“Areany17-year-oldsgoingtobecrazyenoughtocometosomethingthatdoesn’texistyetagainstsomethingthat’sbeenaroundfor150years?”hesays.IntheU.K,studentsapplythroughanadmissionsservicecenter,andexamresultsaremoreimportantthananythingelse.Onthecontrary,attheLIS,studentswillinsteadapplydirectlyduringapre-determined“selectionday”whereeveryoneisinvitedtoparticipate.Thisdaywillincludeaface-to-faceinterviewsothatthecollegecanbetterunderstandastudent’sbackground,motivations,andpassions.8.WhatistheaimoftheLIS?A.Toprovidemoreandmoreprojectideasforstudents.B.Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.C.Tohelpemployerstodevelopthestudents’skills.D.Toconductqualitativeandquantitativeresearch.9.What’sspecialaboutthecurriculumtheLISsetsup?A.Itissubject-centered. B.ItisbasedonAItechnology.C.Itcentersaroundsocialconcerns. D.Itcoverseveryaspectofsociety.10.Whatdoesthesentence“it’satallorder”underlinedinPara.3mean?A.It’sinterestingtoteachinanewapproach.B.It’sboundtoputthecurriculuminorder.C.It’sexcitingtotakeonnewchallenges.D.It’shardtobuildthenewuniversity.11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLISfromthelastparagraph?A.Itpaysmoreattentiontoexamresults.B.Itfocusesmoreontheface-to-faceinterview.C.Itemphasizesstudents’personalexperiencesandqualities.D.Itstressestheimportanceofispre-determined“selectionday”.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一所新的高校：伦敦跨学科学院(LIS)支配于2024年开学，目标是招收100名学生。该学院将放弃传统学科，供应三年的文学和科学学士学位，旨在解决现实世界的问题，同时讲解并描述了设立该高校的困难和挑战。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段第1句内容“TheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2024withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathreeyearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.(这所伦敦跨学科学院(LIS)支配于2024年开学，目标是招收100名学生。该学院将放弃传统学科，供应三年的文学和科学学士学位，旨在解决现实世界的问题。)”可知，该高校的目标是教授学生如何解决现实世界的问题。故选B项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段内容“TheideaissimilartoaU.S.liberalartsdegreebutalsomorespecificallyfocusedonmultiplesubjects—economics,psychology,sociology,statistic,etc.—tosolvecomplexproblemslikechildhoodobesity.Inotherwords,theproblem,notthesubject,sitsatthecenterofthecurriculum.(这个想法类似于美国文科学位，但更详细地侧重于多个学科——经济学、心理学、社会学、统计学等——以解决诸如儿童肥胖等困难问题。换句话说，课程的中心是问题，而不是学科。)”可知，该高校设立的课程特殊之处在于以诸如儿童肥胖等之类的社会关注问题为中心，并以此为中心侧重于多个学科解决问题。故选C项。【10题详解】词义揣测题。划线句为对前文的总结。依据前文“Thechallengesofbuildinganewuniversityfromscratcharedaunting:studentshavetosignupfor,andpayfor,somethinguntested;alltheteacherswillhavetoteachinatotallynewanddifferentway;andthere’sariskthataninterdisciplinarycurriculumwillbeinterestingbutthin.(从零起先建设一所新高校的挑战是令人生畏的：学生们必需为未经测试的东西签字并付费；全部的老师都必需以一种全新的，不同的方式教学；跨学科的课程可能会很好玩，但却很单调。)”可知讲解并描述了建立该高校的困难之处，因此推知，划线句应是在总结讲解并描述该高校课程的难以实现和实施。选项D“It’shardtobuildthenewuniversity.”符合文意。故选D项。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段内容：Onthecontrary,attheLIS,studentswillinsteadapplydirectlyduringapre-determined“selectionday”whereeveryoneisinvitedtoparticipate.Thisdaywillincludeaface-to-faceinterviewsothatthecollegecanbetterunderstandastudent’sbackground,motivations,andpassions.可知，在LIS，学生们将在预先确定的“选拔日”干脆申请，每个人都被邀请参与，这一天将包括一次面对面的面试，以便学院能够更好地了解学生的背景、动机和热忱。因此可推知，该学校更加强调学生的个人背景和阅历。C项“Itemphasizesstudents’personalexperiencesandqualities.(它强调学生的个人经验和品质。)”为依据原文的合理推断。故选C项。【点睛】细微环节理解题考查内容主要涉刚好间、地点、人物、事务、缘由、结果、数字等争论文中例证细微环节和定义类细微环节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不肯定是文章中的原句，考生须要依据文章供应的信息自己组织语句回答问题。比如文章的第1小题：1.WhatistheaimoftheLIS?A.Toprovidemoreandmoreprojectideasforstudents.B.Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.C.Tohelpemployerstodevelopthestudents’skills.D.Toconductqualitativeandquantitativeresearch.依据题干关键词“aim”，利用寻读法可定位至文章第一段第1句内容“TheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2024withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathreeyearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.”可知，“todealwithreal-worldissues”应是用动词不定式结构表明该学院设立的目的，但选项中并未有原句表达，通过分析选项，与原文对比可知，选项B“Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.(将真实世界解决问题的方法引入高等教化)”与原文表达含义一样。故B项为答案。DInaccessibleIslandiswellnamed.ItisanuninhabitedrockintheSouthAtlanticocean.Gothere,though,andyouwillfinditscoastiscoveredwithlitter.ThathasbeentheexperienceofPeterRyanoftheUniversityofCapeTown,inSouthAfrica.Since1984Dr.RyanhasbeenvisitingInaccessible,recordingthelitterstrandedontheisland'sbeaches.Thisweek,hehaspublishedtheresults.ThoughInaccessibleisindeedremote,thenatureofoceaniccirculationmeansthatthisisexactlythesortofplacewherefloatingrubbishtendstoaccumulate.Dr.Ryanandhiscolleaguesfocusedononeparticularclassoflitter:bottles.Theirdefinitionofabottleincludedjarsandcontainers,andthingsmadeofmetal,glassorpolymer.Most,though,wereofpolyethyleneterephthalate,alightplastic.Aparticularadvantageofpickingbottlestoinvestigateisthattheyareoftenstampedwiththeircountryofmanufacture.ThatenabledDr.Ryantoanalyzethehistoryofoceaniclittering.Heanalyzedtheproportionsofbottlesfromvariousgeographicalsources.In1989thepreponderance(优势)ofthem(67%)wasSouthAmerican.Twentyyearslater,in2009,bottlesmadeinAsiacontributedmoreorlessequally(44%)withSouthAmericanones(41%).By2024theoverwhelming(压倒性的)majority(74%)wereAsian.Thisgeographicalshiftspeaksvolumes.ThefirstsamplesuggestsmostlitterarrivingonInaccessiblehadbeenwashedoffthelandordroppedfromcoastalshipping—SouthAmericabeingarelativelynearbycontinent.Theothertwo,withtheirrisingproportionsofrubbishfromAsia,whichistoofarfromtheislandforittohavefloatedthere,stronglysuggestitwascrews’emptiesbeingflungfromships.Suchlitteringisbanned—which,ironically,cameintoforcein1989.Butevidentlyalotofships’captainsdonotcare.Theypermitthedumpingofrubbishovertheside,regardless.12.WhatleadstolittergatheringonInaccessibleIsland?A.Thenaturalphenomenonofoceancurrents. B.Toomanypeople’sactivitiesontheisland.C.Thelitter’sfloatingaroundtheisland. D.Theisland’sremotelocation.13.WhydoesDr.Ryanchoosebottlesassubjects?A.Itiseasytoanalyzethem. B.Itispossibletofigureouttheirsources.C.Therearestampsattachedtothem. D.Theycontributemosttooceaniclittering.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flung”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Castaway. B.Givenaway.C.Carriedout. D.Putout.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PlasticBottlesWasheduponInaccessibleIslandB.GeographicalFactorsAccountingforMoreRubbishC.PlasticPollutionWorseningonRemoteAtlanticD.ABottledupRubbishProblemonInaccessibleIsland【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。Inaccessible岛的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一块无人居住的岩石。然而，去那里，你会发觉它的海岸到处都是垃圾。PeterRyan和他的同事们的一项探讨发觉Inaccessible岛上的垃圾积累的缘由是因为洋流导致的，文章还说明白他们是如何进行调查从而发觉这一缘由的，他们发觉岛上的垃圾都是从陆地上被冲走的，或者是从沿海的船只上扔下的。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段ThoughInaccessibleisindeedremote,thenatureofoceaniccirculationmeansthatthisisexactlythesortofplacewherefloatingrubbishtendstoaccumulate.可知，虽然Inaccessible岛的确很遥远，但海洋环流的性质意味着这里正是漂移垃圾简洁积累的地方。由此可知，洋流的自然现象导致了Inaccessible岛的垃圾积累。故选A。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第五段中Aparticularadvantageofpickingbottlestoinvestigateisthattheyareoftenstampedwiththeircountryofmanufacture.可知，选择瓶子进行调查的一个特殊优点是，它们通常都印有生产国家的标记。由此可知，Ryan博士选择瓶子作为试验对象是因为这样可能可以弄清瓶子的来源。故选B。【14题详解】词义揣测题。依据上文Theothertwo,withtheirrisingproportionsofrubbishfromAsia,whichistoofarfromtheislandforittohavefloatedthere,stronglysuggestitwascrews’emptiesbeing可知，另外两艘船中，来自亚洲的垃圾越来越多，因为亚洲离该岛太远，不行能漂移在岛上，这有力地说明白这是船员从船上丢弃的空垃圾。由此可知，划线单词意思为“丢弃”。A.Castaway.丢弃；B.Givenaway.分发；C.Carriedout.实施；D.Putout.熄灭。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段InaccessibleIslandiswellnamed.ItisanuninhabitedrockintheSouthAtlanticocean.Gothere,though,andyouwillfinditscoastiscoveredwithlitter.可知，Inaccessible岛的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一块无人居住的岩石。然而，去那里，你会发觉它的海岸到处都是垃圾。结合文章主要介绍了Inaccessible岛的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一块无人居住的岩石。然而，去那里，你会发觉它的海岸到处都是垃圾。PeterRyan和他的同事们的一项探讨发觉Inaccessible岛上的垃圾积累的缘由是因为洋流导致的，文章还说明白他们是如何进行调查从而发觉这一缘由的，他们发觉岛上的垃圾都是从陆地上被冲走的，或者是从沿海的船只上扔下的。由此可知，D选项“Inaccessible岛上的垃圾问题”最符合文章标题，故选D。其次节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyparentsseebusinessownershipasabetterbetfortheirkids'futurethanagraduatedegree.Someparentsdescribeditastheopportunitytocontroltheirfortunesandhaveachancetogetwealth.___16___.Infact,settingachildupinbusinessissurelyonebigtestofthatbond.Itisprobablyrisky:small-businessfailuresarecommon,andparentsrisklosingtheirentireinvestment,theirlifesavings,ormore.Theyalsoriskhavingtheirrelationshipswithyoung-adultchildrenintentatthisstageonindependence.___17___.JonKelecy'sfathersethimuprecentlyinafranchise(加盟店).Jon,26,lovestheworkandappreciateshisdad'ssupport.Buthedislikes"beinginhisfather'spocket"inspiteofalltheanxietyofastart-up.Manyparentschoosefranchisesfortheirkidsbecausetheyseemtooffermarketing,brandingandmanagementsupport.___18___.Onemotherlost$250,000whenafast-foodfranchiseshepurchasedforhersonfiled,Mr.Bundysays.Inanothercase,parentslost8350.000onacoffee-shopbusinesstheyfinancedfortheirdaughter.___19___.“Asaparent,thebestgityoucaneverreceiveistoseeyourchildrenhappyandsuccessful,andequippedtomakealiving,"MarvinHimelsays.___20___.Somestructureditasaloananddelayedrepayment.Otherstookstockinthebusiness,withanagreementthattheirchildwouldusefutureearningstobuyitback.Someparentslookfartherahead,hopingtheirchildren'sbusinesswillsupporttheminretirement.A.It'shardforchildrentomakeachoiceB.Afewvieweditasalong-terminvestmentC.Thesetupscanbestressfulforyoungadults,tooD.Butstart-upbusinesscostsquitealot,andhashighrisksE.ParentsoftensaytheywoulddoanythingfortheirchildrenF.ChildrenareeagertogetsupportfromtheirparentsinmanagementG.Forsomeparents,however,thepotentialrewardsseemworthalltherisk【答案】16.E17.C18.D19.G20.B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。在许多父母眼里，对于孩子的将来而言，拥有一家企业是比一纸毕业文凭更好的选择。因此，一些家长出钱帮孩子创业，为老有所依。【16题详解】下一句提到“事实上，让孩子经商无疑是对这种承诺的一大考验。”承接下文，E选项“父母常说他们情愿为自己的孩子做任何事。”切题。选项中的doanythingfortheirchildren与下文的thatbond对应。故选E。【17题详解】前文提到“这可能是有风险的：小生意失败很常见，父母们可能会失去全部的投资、一辈子的积蓄，甚至更多。他们还可能会与现阶段准备独立的刚成年的孩子变得关系惊慌。”承接上文，C选项“企业的组织筹划对年轻人来说也可能很有压力。”切题。故选C。【18题详解】下文提到“有位母亲给儿子买了一家快餐特许加盟店，小店破产后，损失了25万美元。还有一个例子，一对家长为女儿买了一家咖啡店，结果损失了35万美元。承接下文，D选项“企业启动成本特别高，而且风险大”切题。故选D。【19题详解】下文提到“马文·希墨尔说，作为一名家长，你能收到的最好礼物就是看着自己的孩子欢乐胜利，有谋生的实力。”承接下文，G选项“对一些家长来说，潜在的回报看起来值得冒这些风险。”切题。故选G。【20题详解】下文提到“一些人把它作为一笔贷款和延期还款。还有人在企业中入股，同时签订协议规定他们的孩子会用将来的收益回购股份。”承接下文，B选项“一些人将其看成是一向长期投资。”切题。故选B。第三部分英语学问运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AgroupofstudentsatYaleUniversityhassetupadrone(无人机)deliveryserviceoncampus.KikiAir___21___todelivercandy,snacksandothersmallitemstostudentswhoplaceorders___22___anapp.Theserviceisbeingtested___23___usingasmallgroupofstudentcustomersbeforebeinglaunched___24___wide.DeveloperstoldtheYaleDailyNewsthatusers___25___itemsfromamenuontheirphonesandreceivethematoneofseveraldrop___26___aroundcampusinapaddedenvelope___27___toadrone.KikiAir'sfounder,YaleseniorJasonLu,sayshiscompany___28___fromaclassprojectandhas___29___a$150,000grant(补助金)fromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.“Theconveniencestorebusinessmodelhasn'tbeen____30____inahundredyears,”Co-founderCatOrmantoldthestudentnewspaper.“Deliveryis____31____,inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages.WecreatedKikiAir____32____wewanttobringthatmodelintothefutureinthe____33____thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint.”Customersarenotifiedwhenadroneis____34____theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyareintheareato____35____apackage.ThenewspaperreportedthataKikiAirdrone____36____lastweekontoacampuswalkway,butnobodywas____37____.Omandescribedtheincidentasa“controlledlanding”andsaidthecompanyhasincreased____38____andwillimprovetheserviceaftertheincident.Yaleofficialsdidn’timmediatelyreturn____39____leftonMondayseekingcomment.Companyofficialssaytheyhopeeventuallyto____40____theservicetoothercampuses.21.A.prefers B.promises C.manages D.demands22.A.for B.to C.through D.over23.A.currently B.gradually C.sincerely D.fluently24.A.nation B.world C.town D.campus25.A.order B.require C.consult D.accept26.A.directions B.locations C.environments D.devices27.A.carried B.added C.attached D.accessed28.A.grew B.dated C.benefited D.differed29.A.raised B.gained C.saved D.donated30.A.updated B.discovered C.operated D.explained31.A.convenient B.necessary C.unpopular D.expensive32.A.when B.if C.because D.though33.A.way B.result C.case D.event34.A.finding B.leaving C.nearing D.locating35.A.doup B.pickup C.giveout D.putout36.A.stopped B.landed C.arrived D.fell37.A.warned B.affected C.injured D.punished38.A.delivering B.flying C.controlling D.training39.A.items B.messages C.service D.drone40.A.improve B.restore C.exchange D.expand【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.A29.B30.A31.D32.C33.A34.C35.B36.D37.C38.D39.B40.D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了在耶鲁高校试用的无人机送货服务。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：KikiAir承诺，只要学生通过应用程序下订单，就能给他们送去糖果、零食和其他小商品。A.prefers更喜爱；B.promises向（某人）承诺（赐予他们某物）；向（某人）保证（他们获得某物）；C.manages管理；（设法）做成某事；D.demands要求。依据前文“adronedeliveryservice”可知，主语“Kiki”应是无人机送货服务，结合后文“delivercandy,snacksandothersmallitemstostudentswhoplaceorders”可知，其应当保证给与下单的学生供应糖果，零食和其他小物品。故选B项。22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：KikiAir承诺，只要学生通过应用程序下订单，就能给他们送去糖果、零食和其他小商品。A.for为了；B.to朝向；C.through通过；D.over在……之上。依据后文宾语为“anapp”，可知，应是通过该软件下单订购。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这项服务目前正在一小部分学生客户中进行测试，然后在全校范围内推出。A.currently当前；一般地；B.gradually渐渐地；C.sincerely恳切地；真诚地；D.fluently流畅地；通畅地。依据句中“Theserviceisbeingtested___3___usingasmallgroupofstudentcustomersbeforebeinglaunched___4__wide.”含有的语法结构为现在进行时的被动结构，因此可知，在讲解并描述当前的状况。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项服务目前正在一小部分学生客户中进行测试，然后在全校范围内推出。A.nation国家；民族；B.world世界；C.town城镇；D.campus校内。依据文章首句内容“AgroupofstudentsatYaleUniversityhassetupadronedeliveryserviceoncampus.”可知，该服务是要在校内里开展的。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研发人员告知《耶鲁每日新闻》，用户从手机上的菜单上订购商品，然后在校内旁边的几个投递地点之一收到商品，商品装在附在无人机上的软垫信封里。A.order吩咐；订购；B.require要求；C.consult询问；查阅；D.accept接受。依据后文宾语为items，意为“物品”，且主语为“users”，意为“用户”，可推知，应是用户通过手机订购物品。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研发人员告知《耶鲁每日新闻》，用户从手机上的菜单上订购商品，然后在校内旁边的几个投递地点之一收到商品，商品装在附在无人机上的软垫信封里。A.directions方向；说明书；B.locations地点；精确位置；C.environments环境；D.devices仪器；设备。依据前文“receivethem”可知，本句应是讲解并描述收货地点。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研发人员告知《耶鲁每日新闻》，用户从手机上的菜单上订购商品，然后在校内旁边的几个投递地点之一收到商品，商品装在附在无人机上的软垫信封里。A.carried提；抱；携带；B.added增加；C.attached附;贴;系；D.accessed获得。依据前文“apaddedenvelope”，意为“软垫信封”，可知订购的商品被放在软垫信封里，而该信封应是附着在无人机上。attachto，固定结构，意为“依附，附属；使贴/粘在……上”，符合句意要求。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：KikiAir的创始人、耶鲁高校大四学生JasonLu说，他的公司是从一个课堂项目发展起来的，并从加州的一个创业投资者那里获得了15万美元的资助。A.grew生长；B.dated给……标注日期；C.benefited有益于;得益；D.differed不同。结合句子“KikiAir’sfounder,YaleseniorJasonLu,sayshiscompany___8___fromaclassprojectandhas___9___a$150,000grantfromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.”句意可知，本句在讲解并描述KikiAir的“创业”初始，起源于一个班级项目。growfrom“由……发展起来”，符合句意要求。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：KikiAir创始人、耶鲁高校大四学生JasonLu说，他的公司是从一个课堂项目发展起来的，并从加州的一个创业投资者那里获得了15万美元的资助。A.raised提高；筹集；B.gained获得；C.saved救助；储蓄；D.donated捐赠。依据后文“a$150,000grantfromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.”可知，150,000美元的补助金是从投资者那里获得的资助。gainsthfromsb.“从某人那里得到某物”。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：便利店的商业模式已经有100年没有更新过了。A.updated更新；B.discovered发觉；发觉；C.operated操作；D.explained说明。依据句子：Theconveniencestorebusinessmodelhasn’tbeen___10__inahundredyears,”Co-founderCatOrmantoldthestudentnewspaper.“Deliveryis___11_,inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages.”句意理解可知，“ahundredyears”，“inefficient”，“terriblewages”均可推想CatOrman在讲解并描述一百年以来便利店的“不便之处”，工作模式未曾得到更新。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运输成本昂扬，效率低下，潜水员的工资也很低。A.convenient便利的；B.necessary必要的；C.unpopular不受欢迎的；D.expensive昂贵的。依据后文“inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages”可知，在讲解并描述便利店的“不便之处”：送货效率低，给司机的工资也很低，因此可推知，“昂贵的”也可为其不便之处。故选D项。【32题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们创建了KikiAir，因为我们想把这种模式带入将来，以创建真正的就业机会和削减碳踪迹的方式。A.when当……时候；B.if假如；是否；C.because因为；D.though尽管。分析可知，后文“wewanttobringthatmodelintothefutureinthe___13__thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint(我们想把这种模式带入将来，以创建真正的就业机会和削减碳踪迹的方式)”应是之前句“WecreatedKiki”的缘由，应用逻辑连词because引导。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们创建了KikiAir，因为我们想把这种模式带入将来，以创建真正的就业机会和削减碳踪迹的方式。A.way方法；道路；B.result结果；C.case状况；案例；D.event事务。分析可知，“thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint”应是所填空名词的定语从句，依据该从句含义可知，这是一种将来的便利店经营的方法和模式。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一架无人机接近预先支配好的投递区时，客户会收到通知，以确保他们在该地区取走包袱。A.finding找到；发觉；B.leaving离开；C.nearing接近；靠近；D.locating定位；找到……的精确位置。依据后文“theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyareinthearea”可知，客户会收到通知，以确保能够在指定区域内拿到包袱，因此，无人机应是在接近/靠近该区域时才发出通知。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：当一架无人机接近预先支配好投递区时，客户会收到通知，以确保他们在该地区取走包袱。A.doup扣好；B.pickup拿起；取走；C.giveout分发；D.putout熄灭。依据“theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyareintheareato___15__apackage”可知，无人机递送包袱，应是将其放在地上，客户应是将其捡起拿走，因此“pickup”符合句意和语境。故选B项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该报报道称，上周，一架Kiki无人机坠落到校内走廊上，但无人受伤。A.stopped停止；B.landed着陆；着陆；C.arrived到达；D.fell落下；坠落。依据后文“willimprovetheserviceaftertheincident”可知，应是发生了事故，因此可推知，本句在讲解并描述该事故“无人机坠落”。故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该报报道称，上周，一架Kiki无人机坠落到校内走廊上，但无人受伤。A.warned警告；B.affected影响；C.injured损害；使受伤；D.punished惩处。依据前文“ThenewspaperreportedthataKikiAirdrone___16___lastweekontoacampuswalkway”可知，报道了一件无人机坠落到校内走道上的事故，but表转折，应是无人受伤。故选C项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿曼称这是一次“可控着陆”，并表示公司已经加强了培训，并将在事故后改善服务。A.delivering递送；B.flying飞行；C.controlling限制；D.training训练。依据前文Omandescribedtheincidentasa“controlledlanding”可知，负责人将这次事故描述为“受控着陆”，因此可推知，该公司应加强无人机训练以便改善服务。故选D项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：耶鲁管理人员没