中考英语复习资料：易错短语及习题

易错短语及习题

1.anumberof许多，大量

thenumberof..的数量

•Thenumberoftheclubmembersis80,andanumberofthem

aregirls.

K注意》"anumberof+可数名词复数”结构作主语时，谓语动词用

复数；"thenumberof+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数

2.akindof意为"一种"，后接名词

kindof意为”有点儿，稍微”，后接形容词

•Appleisakindoffruit.

•Pandasarekindofcute.

3.afew&alittle

相同点不同点

afew修饰可数名词复数

都意为“一些”

alittle修饰不可数名词

•Thereareafewpeopleonthestreet.

•Weneedalittlewater.

4.toomany,toomuch,muchtoo

意义用法

toomany太多.....修饰可数名词复数

toomuch太多.....修饰不可数名词

muchtoo太.....修饰形容词

•Hecomplainedthathehadtoomuchhomeworktodo.

•Therearetoomanypeopleinthesupermarket.

•Theproblemismuchtoodifficultforthemsotheycan't

workitout.

5.可省略介词in的短语：

(1)bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事

(2)spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花时间或金钱做某事

(3)havetrouble/difficult/problem(in)doingsth.做某事有困

难

(4)havefun(in)doingsth.

=haveagoodtime(in)doingsth.做某事开心

•Mydadwasbusy(in)repairinghiscomputer.

•Manystudentshavedifficulty(in)learningphysics.

•Wehadfun(in)ridingourbikestothebeach.

=Wehadagoodtime(in)ridingourbikestothebeach.

•Lilyspent20dollars(in)buyingthebooks.

•Hespent2days(in)finishingthereport.

K注意U当spend后接名词作宾语时，要用介词on连接，即：spend

time/moneyonsth.意为"花时间或金钱在某事上”

•Lilyspent20dollarsonthebooks.

6.good相关短语：

(1)begoodatdoingsth.擅长做某事

(2)begoodwithsb.善于应付某人

(3)begoodtosb.对某人友好

•Mikeisgoodatdrawing.

•Mymathisgoodwithhisstudents.

•Weshouldbegoodtofriends.

7.break相关短语：

(1)breakin强行闯入

(2)breakout(战争、疾病等)爆发

(3)breakdown抛锚，(机器或车辆)发生故障

(4)breakup分手

•Acriminalbrokeinthepoorwoman?shouse.

•TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutin1931.

•Mycarbrokedownonmywayhome.

•Theyfinallydecidedtobreakup.

8.call相关短语：

(1)call(sb.)back(给某人)回电话

(2)callin召来,叫来

(3)callup打电话给(某人)，征召

•Yourmotheraskyoutocallherback.

•Theycalledinadoctortosavetheman.

•IfFmsad,I'11callupsomefriendstotalkaboutmy

problems.

9.cut相关短语：

(1)cutdown砍倒

(2)cutin插嘴

(3)cutoff切除

(4)cutout删除，删去

(5)cutup切碎

•Thepolicewarnedthemnottocutdowntrees.

•It'simpolitetocutinwhenothersaretalking.

•Theelectricityhasbeencutoff.

•Shecutoutsomemessages.

•Firstyoushouldcutupthebananas.

10.dealwith&dowith

相同点不同点

dealwith常与how连用

都意为”应对,处理”

dowith常与what连用

Howdoyoudealwithit?

Whatdoyoudowithit?

11.either...or...&neither...nor...

相同点不同点

either...or...意为”要么.....要

1.都用于两者之间么.....；或者......或者......”

2.都遵循就近原则neither...nor...意为"既不......也

不.....”

•IusuallyeitherwatchTVorlistentomusicatnight.

•NeitherhenorIamright.

12.动词+doingsth.

(1)avoiddoingsth.避免做某事

•Youshouldavoidmentioningtheterriblenews.

(2)allowdoingsth.允许做某事

•Theydon'tallowsmokinginthelibrary.

(3)enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事

•Theirkidsenjoyreading.

(4)feellikedoingsth.想要做某事

•Ifeltlikeplayingthepianoafterdinner.

(5)finishdoingsth.完成做某事

•Wefinallyfinishedreadingthebook.

(6)keep(sb.)doingsth.(让某人)一直做某事

•Hekeptuswaitingforalongtime.

•Keepmoving.Don'tstop.

(7)mind(sb.)doingsth.介意(某人)做某事

•Doyoumindmeopeningthedoor?

•Shemindednotgettingthejob.(她介意没得到这份工作.)

(8)needdoingsth.某事需要被做(=needtobedone)

•Thisskirtneedswashing.

=Thisskirtneedstobewashed.

(9)practicedoingsth.练习做某事

•Hisbrotheroftenpracticesplayingbasketballon

weekends.

(10)suggestdoingsth.建议做某事

•Thedoctorsuggestedbrushingteethtwiceaday.

13.介词to+doingsth.

(1)sticktodoingsth.坚持做某事

•Theoldmanhasstucktowritingnovelssincetenyears

ago.

(2)be(get)usedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事

•Myuncleisusedtodrinkingsomecoffeeinthemorning.

(3)lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事

•Ilookforwardtoreceivingyourmessage.

14.既可接todosth.又可接doingsth.的动词，且意义有区别

(1)continuedoingsth.继续做某事(指继续做刚刚做过的那件

事)

continuetodosth.继续做某事(指做完一件事继续做另一件

事)

•Hehasn'tfinishedhishomeworkyet.Sohehadtocontinue

doingit.

•Shefinishedreadingthebook,thenshecontinuedtolisten

tomusic.

(2)forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(表示动作已经发生)

forgettodosth.忘记做某事

•Iforgotclosingthewindow.(我忘记关了窗.)

•Lily'smotherforgottoturnofftheTVwhenshelefthome.

(3)meandoingsth.意味着做某事

meantodosth.打算做某事

•Thenewordermeansworkingovertime.

•Ididn,tmeantohurtyou.

(4)rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(表示动作已经发生)

remembertodosth.记得做某事

•Irememberedturningoffthelight.(我记得关了灯.)

•Mandyrememberedtotakeanumbrella.

（5）stopdoingsth.停止做某事（指停止做一直在做的事）

stoptodosth.停下来做另一件事

•Mydadaskedmetostopplayingcomputergames.

•I'mtired.Let'sstoptohavearest.

（6）trydoingsth.尝试做某事（表示不一定付出努力）

trytodosth.努力做某事（强调付出一定的努力）

•Kentriesmakingamodelplan.

•Wetriedhardnottolaugh.

15.既可接doing,又可接do的动词

（1）noticesb.doingsth.注意某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）

noticesb.dosth.注意某人做某事（注意到整个过程）

•Ididn'tnoticehimenterintotheroom.

•Ididn'tnoticehimleaving.

（2）seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）

seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事（看见整个过程或经常看见）

•FranksawTinadancingthisafternoon.

•Myparentsoftenseemybrotherplaytheguitar.

（3）hearsb.doingsth.听见某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）

hearsb.dosth.听见某人做某事（听见整个过程或经常听见）

•Sheheardsomeoneknockatthedoor.

•Lisaheardsomeonesinginginthemusicroom.

（4）watchsb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）

watchsb.dosth.看见某人做某事（看见整个过程或经常看见）

•IwatchedHelencarryingaheavybox.

•Cindylikewatchingthemonkeysclimbaroundthehill.

16.表示“达到”的短语

(1)getto+地点

(2)arriveat/in+地点

(3)reach+地点

•HegottoShanghaitwohoursago.

•HelenarrivedinHongKonglastnight.

•Shearrivedatschoolat8o'clockthismorning.

•Wereachedthesmallvillageintheevening.

17.give相关短语：

(1)giveaway赠送，捐赠

(2)giveout分发，散发

(3)giveup放弃

•Mr.Smithgaveawaysomeoldclothestothepoor.

•Nancygaveoutsomeinvitations.

•Nevergiveup.

18.hand相关短语：

(1)handin上交

(2)handout分发

•Eachstudentissupposedtohandinhomeworkontime.

•Theteacherishandingoutthepapers.

19.hundred,thousand,million表示确切的数量时不加-s;表示"

大量，许多”时要加-s

(1)hundredsof许多，大量

(2)thousandsof数以千计的，许许多多的

(3)millionsof许多，大量

•ThousandsofvisitorswillvisittheGreatWalleveryyear.

•Therearetwohundredstudentsattendingthemeeting.

20.infrontof&inthefrontof

Thereisapayphoneinfrontofthe

infrontof在（外部的）前面

postoffice.

inthefrontThereisacomputerinthefrontof

在（内部的）前面

ofourclassroom.

21.“leavefor+目的地“意为“去某地"

•BillisleavingforBeijing.Bill将要去北京.

•AnnaleftforHangZhouyesterdaymorning.

安娜昨天早上去杭州了.

22.lend&borrow

(1)lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人(借出)

(2)borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物(借入)

•Couldyoulendyourdictionarytome?

=Couldyoulendmeyourdictionary?

•IborrowedadictionaryfromTom.

23.look相关短语：

(1)lookfor寻找，寻求

(2)lookthrough快速查看，浏览

(3)lookup(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅,抬头看

(4)lookupto钦佩,仰慕

•Sheislookingforhermathbooknow.

•Isithelpfultolookthroughthenewspaper?

•Studentscanusedictionariestolookupnewwords.

•Alotofyounggirlslookuptoyou.

24.makeprogress取得进步

progress是不可数名词，因此不能用a修饰progress,可用much修

饰progress,如:makemuchprogress,意为“取得很大的进步”

•Hehasmademuchprogressinhishomework.

25.play的相关短语：

(l)play+棋牌类、球类

①playchess下国际象棋

②playfootball踢足球

③playbasketball打篮球

④playcards打牌

(2)play+the+西洋乐器

①playthedrums敲鼓

②playthepiano弹钢琴

③playtheviolin拉小提琴

26.表示“阻止某人做某事”的词组：

(l)preventsb.fromdoingsth.

(2)stopsb.fromdoingsth.

•Noonecanstophimfromsmoking.

•Wearingsunglassescanpreventsunshinefromhurtingour

eyes.

27.put相关短语：

(l)putoff推迟

(2)putup塔起,张贴

(3)puton增加(体重)，发胖，穿上

(4)putdown放下

•Wehavetoputoffthemeeting.

•Theyputupthetentsatthefootofthemountain.

•It'scoldoutside.Putonyoursweater.

•Putdowntheboxonthefloor.

28.set相关短语：

(1)setout出发

(2)setup建起，设立

•Timwillsetouttomorrowmorning.

•Myparentssetupacompany10yearsago.

29.shout相关短语：

(1)shoutatsb.冲某人大声叫嚷(带有感情色彩)

(2)shouttosb.对某人大声叫喊(不带感情色彩，只是为了让被人

听到)

•MymothershoutedatmebecauseIbrokethewindowagain.

•Isawmysisterontheothersideoftheroad,soIshouted

toher.

30.suggest&allow

(1)suggestdoingsth.建议做某事

suggestsb.todosth.建议某人做某事

•Thedoctorsuggestsbrushingteethafterdinner.

•Thedoctorsuggestsmetobrushteethafterdinner.

(2)allowdoingsth.允许做某事

allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事

•Theydon'tallowswimmingintheriver.

•MomallowsmetoplaygamesafterIfinishhomework.

31.take相关短语：

(1)takein吸入，吞入(体内)

(2)takeoff脱下(衣服)，(飞机等)起飞

(3)takeplace发生(K注意Htakeplace无被动语态)

(4)takesb.'splace代替某人

(5)takeup(尤指为消遣)学着做，开始做，占据(时间或空间)

•Theyneedtotakeinplentyofwater.

•Theplaneistakingoffin10minutes.

•Theconcertwilltakeplacenextmonth.

•WhenBruceretired,Petertookhisplace.

•Grandmadecidedtotakeupahobbytokilltime.

32.turn相关短语：

(1)turndown拒绝，(把音量)调小

(2)turnon接通(电流、煤气，水等)；打开

(3)turnoff关掉

(4)turn...into变成

(5)turnout(tobe)结果是

(6)turnup(把音量)调大，露面

•Lisaturneddownmyinvitationbecauseshewasbusy

preparingforatest.

•Thefootballmatchisbeginning.PleaseturnontheTV.

•IforgottoturnoffthelightwhenIleftclassroom.

•Themagiciancanturnahatintoarabbit.

•Heturnedouttobeournewphysicsteacher.

•Ican'thearthenews.Pleaseturnupthevoice.

33.compare...to...&compare...with...

compareAtoB将A比作B

compareAwithB把A和B相比

•Peoplealwayscomparetheyoungtoarisingsun.

人们总是将年轻人比作冉冉升起的太阳.

•Wecomparedthefirstreportwiththesecondcarefully.

我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告.

34.usedtodosth.&be(get)usedtodingsth.

意为”曾经常常做某事”，表示现在已经不

usedtodosth.

做了

be(get)usedtodoing意为”习惯于做某事”，表示现在的习惯

sth.

•Myfatherusedtoplaybasketballonweekends.

•Davidisusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.

35.wouldlike&wouldrather

wouldlike(sb.)todo想要（某人）做某事

sth.

wouldrather(sb.)do宁愿做某事

sth.

•I'dliketodrinksomecoffee.

•I'dlikeyoutosingasongforme.

•Sarahwouldratherchoosetheblueskirt.

•I'dratheryoucomewithus.

练习：

一、单项选择

1.Thestudentsareflowersintheirtwenties.

A.comparedtoB.comparingto

C.comparedwithD.comparingwith

2.Don'tpourwaterintotheblender.Wejustneed

A.toomany;alittleB.toomany;afew

C.toomuch;alittleB.toomuch;afew

3.Benoftenspendsolotoftime____computergames.

A.playB.playsC.playingD.played

4.Kencalledyoujustnow,butyouweren'tathome.Wouldyou

callhim?

A.inB.backC.upD.on

5.AthiefbrokemyhousewhenItookatriptoHongKong.

A.inB.outC.downD.up

6.Jimisn'tgoodkids,soherefusedtotakecareof

hisyoungerbrother.

A.withB.atC.toD./

7.TheteacherfoundthatGracemade