DB43-T 2396-2022辣椒基质栽培技术规程

ICS67.080

CCSB31

43

湖南省地方标准

DB43/T2396—2022

辣椒基质栽培技术规程

Technicalregulationsformediumcultivationofchilipepperproduction

2022-07-08发布2022-10-08实施

湖南省市场监督管理局发布

DB43/T2396—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4产地环境···············································································································1

5栽培设施···············································································································1

6育苗·····················································································································2

7施基肥··················································································································2

8定植·····················································································································2

9田间管理···············································································································2

10采收····················································································································3

11田园清洁··············································································································3

12档案管理··············································································································4

附录A（资料性）辣椒基质栽培主要病虫害防治药剂及施用方法·······································5

附录B（资料性）辣椒基质栽培田间生产档案·································································6

I

DB43/T2396—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。

本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。

本文件起草单位：湖南省蔬菜研究所、湖南农业大学、郴州市农业科学研究所、怀化市农业农村局、

湖南军杰食品科技有限公司

本文件主要起草人：杨莎、陈文婷、邓玉萍、彭妙、张竹青、陈文超、梁成亮、范亮亮、李雪峰、

李鑫、周书栋。

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DB43/T2396—2022

辣椒基质栽培技术规程

1范围

本文件规定了辣椒基质栽培、设施选择、基质准备、品种选择、育苗、定植、田间管理、采收、田

园清洁和档案管理的基本要求。

本文件适用于湖南省辣椒基质栽培。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本

文件。

GB/T8321.10农药合理使用准则

GB16715.3瓜菜作物种子第3部分：茄果类

NY/T391绿色食品产地环境质量

NY/T394绿色食品肥料使用准则

NY/T2312茄果类蔬菜穴盘育苗技术规程

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

基质栽培Mediumcultivation

固体基质栽培植物的简称。用固体基质（介质）固定植物根系，并通过基质吸收营养液和氧的一种

无土栽培方式。

4产地环境

环境条件应符合NY/T391的规定。

5栽培设施

5.1栽培棚

栽培设施应选择连栋温室、塑料大棚。

5.2栽培槽

在大棚内开深30cm，宽70cm的栽培槽，长度依设施大棚长度而定，槽间距85cm，可地上或半

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DB43/T2396—2022

地上式。栽培槽可用砖块建造，南北向排列。在槽底铺设黑色无纺布，槽内加基质高度到离槽上沿

约2cm。

5.3栽培基质

选用商品性栽培基质或选用草炭、菌渣、秸秆等按一定配比，堆制、发酵再与蛭石、珍珠岩配比合

成。基质配比可选用（1）蛭石∶珍珠岩∶草炭=3∶2∶5；（2）菌渣∶蛭石=1∶1。新基质在使用前用光

谱性杀菌剂多菌灵或百菌清600～800倍液进行均匀喷雾，每茬作物收获后，进行高温闷棚基质消毒。

5.4滴灌设施

灌溉用聚乙烯多孔喷灌管，每槽安装滴灌2根，规格为2.0cm。在基肥施加后，置于栽培基质表

面，两根喷灌管间距40cm左右，每个喷灌管前段安装阀门控制水量。

6育苗

6.1品种选择

辣椒应选择耐低温弱光、连续坐果能力强，株型紧凑，商品性好的品种。

6.2种子质量

种子质量应符合GB16715.3的规定。

6.3播种时间

播种时间以10月中下旬为宜。

6.4育苗方式

育苗方式按照NY/T2312执行。

7施基肥

定植前每亩撒施充分腐熟有机肥2000kg，与基质混匀。定植前一天使基质浇透水，肥料使用NY/T

394要求。

8定植

于2月中旬，选择生长健壮、无病虫害的幼苗。真叶5片～7片，叶片肥厚绿色。幼苗定植于两条

微喷带外侧，每槽双行，株距45cm左右，及时浇定根水。

9田间管理

9.1温湿度管理

定植后至缓苗期，白天温度控制在25℃～30℃，夜间15℃以上，低于此温度加盖小拱棚增温。

缓苗结束至开花结果期白天温度控制在20℃～28℃，夜温为16℃～18℃，白天温度高于35℃时

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DB43/T2396—2022

加盖遮阳网和卷起侧膜通风降温。空气相对湿度控制在75％以下。

9.2肥水管理

定植后5d～7d开始浇水，每5d～7d浇水1次，每次15min～20min，在晴天上午浇水，阴

天不浇水。开花前保持基质湿度在60％左右，坐果后保持基质湿度在70％左右。

根据植株生长势，在植株坐果初期和盛果期追肥，每次每亩施用10kg～15kg水溶性肥料，追肥

时先将肥料溶解，随滴灌施入。每次采摘后，叶面施加0.2％硼肥和0.2％的磷酸二氢钾。

9.3植株调整

摘除门椒以下的腋芽，株高40cm～45cm时进行整枝吊蔓，及时摘除老叶和病叶，保持植株良好

的通风透光条件。

9.4保花留果

摘除门椒，选用外源微肥和生长调节剂（初花期喷施硼肥和保花美果剂等）处理。尽早摘除病果、

畸形果。

9.5病虫害防治

9.5.1主要病虫害

辣椒基质栽培主要的病害有灰霉病、疫病、病毒病和青枯病。虫害有蚜虫、白粉虱和烟青虫。

9.5.2防治方法

9.5.2.1物理防治

棚通风口加装40目～60目防虫网，棚内加挂黄板诱杀，连栋大棚可以安装杀虫灯。

9.5.2.2农业防治

选用抗病优良品种，实行轮作；加强田间管理，合理灌溉，清洁田园，减轻病虫害的发生与危害；

增施有机肥。

9.5.2.3生物防治

保护并利用天敌防治虫害。如利用瓢虫等天敌防治蚜虫。

9.5.2.3化学防治

主要病虫害化学防治方法见附录A，农药使用及安全间隔期按照GB/T8321的规定执行。

10采收

于5月上旬开始采收，采收标准根据市场需求。

11田园清洁

采果结束后，地膜、残株等进行无害化处理。

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12档案管理

生产档案管理表参见附录B。档案保管3年以上，做到防虫、防潮、防霉。

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DB43/T2396—2022

附录A

（资料性）

辣椒基质栽培主要病虫害防治药剂及施用方法

表A.1辣椒基质栽培主要病虫害化学防治方法

最多使用

病虫害名称防治方法安全间隔期

次数

1．50％腐霉利可湿粉剂（速克灵）；

2．70％甲基硫菌灵；

灰霉病7天2次

3．50％异菌脲可湿性粉剂（扑海因）；

4．50％福美双可湿性粉剂500～800倍液。

1．3.95％辛菌·吗啉胍水剂（病毒必克）500倍液+0.15％芸苔素5000

倍液；

2．2％菌克毒克（宁南霉素）水剂250～300倍液+三十烷醇粉剂500

病毒病7天4次

倍液；

3．新植霉素2000倍液；

4．1.5％植病灵乳剂1000倍液。

1．发病初期喷药防治可选用50％烯酰氯吗800倍液；

2．72％克露可湿性粉剂600倍液；

疫病3．72.2％普力克水剂600～800倍液；7天3次

4．50％安克水分散粒剂2000倍液；

5．53％金雷多米尔水分散粒剂600～800倍液喷雾。

1．病穴用20％石灰水液浇灌消毒；

2．50％绿乳铜乳油500倍液；

青枯病3．14％络氨铜水剂300倍液；10天3次

4．30％甲霜·噁霉灵水剂500倍液喷雾；

5．77％氢氧化铜可湿性粉剂（可杀得三千）500倍液。

1．10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂（大功臣）1000倍液；

蚜虫2．50％抗蚜威可湿性粉剂1000倍液；10天3次

3．10％溴氰虫酰胺悬乳剂（倍内威）。

1．2％吡虫啉稀释2倍拌种；

白粉虱2．10％吡虫啉乳油1000～2000倍液喷雾；7天3次

3．2％啶虫脒稀释300倍喷施。

1．90％敌百虫结晶800～1000倍液；或50％辛硫磷乳油1000倍液；

烟青虫7天3次

2．5％氟啶脲乳油（抑太保）2000倍液等喷雾防治。

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DB43/T2396—2022

附录B

（资料性）

辣椒基质栽培田间生产档案

表B.1辣椒基质栽培田间生产记录表

年份：地点：品种：记录人：

一、基本情况

种植面积播种时间

定植时间始花时间

始收时间终收时间

二、肥料使用

使用时间肥料名称类型使用范围使用方法使用量登记证号

三、农药使用

使用时间农药名称剂型使用目的使用方法使用量登记证号

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DB43/T2396—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4产地环境···············································································································1

5栽培设施···············································································································1

6育苗·····················································································································2

7施基肥··················································································································2

8定植·····················································································································2

9田间管理···············································································································2

10采收····················································································································3

11田园清洁··············································································································3

12档案管理··············································································································4

附录A（资料性）辣椒基质栽培主要病虫害防治药剂及施用方法·······································5

附录B（资料性）辣椒基质栽培田间生产档案·································································6

I