人教版九年级英语第十四单元知识点总结

人教版九年级英语第十四单元知识点总结Unit14IremembermeetingallofyouinGrade7.单词survey,standard,row,keyboard,method,instruction,double,text,graduate,level,degree,manager,gentleman,graduation,ceremony,lastly,responsible,task,wing,shall,overcome,congratulate,caring,senior,thirsty,thankful,separate,ours,ahead短语:inarow,lookbackat,makeamess,keepone’scool,seniorhigh(school),goby,believein,firstofall,bethirstyfor,bethankfultosb.,aheadof,alongwith,beresponsiblefor,setout,separatefrom二．1.do/makeasurveyofpublicattitude做了一个民意调查standardofliving=livingstandard生活水平Costofliving=costliving生活费用meetthestandardofsb3inarow连续几次地Theschoolbasketballteamhaswonthreetimesinarow.Standinarow站成一排playthekeyboard弹琴Keyboard键盘monitor显示器；监控器；班长mouse鼠标Playthe+乐器play+球类...的方法themethod/waytodosththemethod/wayofdoingsthInstruction与教学相关，课堂讲解，指导要求，用复数。仪器，药物的用法说明，使用说明，与direction通用。doubleIthinkwecandoubleourmarksinoneyear.VadoublebedadjShall用于第一人称we/I.口语中可换为will.Shallwedosth？表建议=what/howaboutdoingsth?youliketodosth=Whynotdosth=whydon’tdosth?=Wouldyouliketodosth?=You’dbetterdosth=Let’sdosth=Couldyoupleasedosth=Wouldyouminddoingsthovercome=getoverOvercomeshortcomings/difficulty/weaknessbeovercomeby被...所压倒Thefirewascompletelyovercome.makeamessofsth把...弄得一团糟(be)inmess乱七八糟getintoamess陷入困境getsbintoamess使某人陷入糟糕的处境Messup搞乱graduatefrom从...毕业hegraduatedfromPekingUniversity.Graduateinsth从...专业毕业shegraduatedinJapanese.她从日语系毕业了keepone’scool=keepone’shead=keepcalm=keepcool反义词loseone’stemperJuniorhighschoolseniorhighschoolCaring1).takecare小心，当心，可以用作takecarethat…或者takecaretodosth.Takecare（that）youdon’tdrinktoomuch.当心别喝多了。Takecarenottomakeanymistakes.当心别犯错误。Goodbye,andtakecare!再见，多保重。2).careabout“关心；计较；在乎”，指由于某事重要，或因责任所在而关心计较，一般用于否定句。如：Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes．他不讲究衣着。Idon'tcareaboutgoingthere．去不去那里，我无所谓。3).carefor“关心；照料；喜欢；愿意”。作“关心；照料”讲，一般用于肯定句或疑问句。Whowillcareforyourchildrenwhenyouareaway﹖你离开期间谁照顾你的孩子？HowthePartycaresforus!党是多么关心我们啊！Wouldyoucareforawalk?你愿意去散步吗？Hecaresmoreforfinenewclothesthanforanythingelse．他喜爱漂亮的新衣胜于其他的一切。4).takecareof照料，照顾，相当于lookaftertakecareofoneself/sb./oneselfHeisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.他大了，能照顾自己了。takegoodcareofsb.=lookaftersb.well好好照顾某人Go短语Goby时间流逝；顺便走访astimegoesby,...Goahead走在前面；开始吧；继续Gooff闹钟发出响声；爆炸Goon发生；继续what’sgoingonhere.Goup上升Godown下降Goover复习Ihavetogoovermynote...Goout外出游玩；熄灭putmorewoodtothefire,otherwiseitwillgoout.managetodosth=succeedindoingsth15.一词多义：degree学位；程度；度数Todothisjob,youmusthaveadegreeinEnglish.从事这个工作你必须有英语专业的大学学位。Iagreewithyoutoacertaindegree.我在某种程度上同意你的意见。Waterboilsat100degreesCelsius.水在摄氏100℃沸腾。believe/believeinbelievesb相信某人的话believeinsb信任某人firstofall=firstly;

first;

inthefirstplace;

firstofall;congratulatesbon/uponsthbethirstyfor：渴望……=belongingforYoungmanshouldbethirstyforknowledge.bethankfultosb.forsth.：因某事感激某人=thanksb.forsth.=begratefultosb.forsth.Wearethankfultoyouforallyourassistance.aheadofsth：在……前面aheadoftime：提前alongwith：除……以外还Alongwithhappiness,ourtripwasalsofullofhardshipanddifficulty.除了快乐，我们的旅程也充满了困难荆棘。注意：alongwith跟主语时，谓语动词采用就远一致。另：aswellas；（together/along/combined）with；ratherthan；except；besides；but；including；inadditionto；apartfrom,like,asmuchas,nolessthan,Theteacher,alongwithhisstudents,ischeeringuptheplayers.老师跟学生一起为选手加油。setout：出发，启程Theysetoutwhenthesuncameout.setoff:出发；使爆炸setouttodosth.：着手做某事=setaboutdoingsthsetup：建立setaside：把……放在一边remembertodosth记得做某事(未做)rememberdoingsth记得做过某事(己做)Remembersbtosb代某人向某人问号Helphelpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人LucyoftenhelpshermotherwithhouseworkonSunday.helpsb(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事TomoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish=Tomoftenhelpsme(learn)English.helponeselfto自助,(进餐时)自己取用Help_tosomefish,Jeff.A.youB.yourC.yoursD.Yourselfcan’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事withthehelpof=withone’shelp在„„的帮助下Withthehelpofmyteacher=Withmyteacher’shelphelp(to)do帮忙做某事beover结束“超过；多余”相当于morethan“在…之上”above,over与on表“在…之上”的区别above只表示在上方或位置高出，与below“在……的下面”相对；over指在正上方，与under相对；on“在……的上面”，表面相互接触。over“在……期间”overtheyears“这些年来;近几年来”常用于现在完成时态中。Overtheyears,motherallkindsofstamps.collectedB.iscollectingC.hascollectedD.wascollectedallover遍及；到处allovertheworld=aroundtheworld全世界getover克服overandover反复；再三goover复习，重温comeover顺便来访27.inarow连续几次地;成一行；连续；Hewontheprizes_________________.（连续几次）【in构成的短语】inahurry匆忙infact实际上infrontof在…前面in(the)future今后，将来inpublic公开地，当众inorder秩序井然inperson亲自intime及时inaword总之inone’sopinion按某人的看法advise1.advisedoingsth建议做某事。Headvisedleavingearly.他建议早点动身。注：不能直接后跟不定式作宾语。所以不能说Headvisedtoleaveearly.advisesbtodosth建议某人做某事。如：Headvisedmetobuyacomputer.类似用法的词：advise/allow/permitsbtodosthadvise/allow/permitdoingsth注：以上意思也可用后接从句的形式表达(注意从句用should＋v.这样的虚拟语气)。如上面第一句也可说成:HeadvisedthatI(should)buyacomputer.一坚持insist二命令command,order三建议suggest,advise,propose(recommend)四要求require,request,demand,desire（beg/ask/urge）后接从句，接(should)doHeinsistedthatI（should）gowiththem.他坚持要我同他们一起去。Thedoctoradvised[suggested]thathe（should）notsmoke.医生建议他不要抽烟。1）其中引导宾语从句的that通常不省略。2）当insist表示“坚持认为”时，从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。HeinsistedthatIhadreadhisletter.他坚持说我看过他的信。HeinsistedthatIshouldreadhisletter.他坚持要我看他的信。suggest译为“表明”、“暗示”从句的谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实，则要用陈述语气。Hesuggestedthatwe（should）stayfordinner.他建议我们留下吃饭。Whathesaidsuggestedthathewasacheat.他说的话表明他是个骗子。3.advisesbagainstdoingsth劝告某人不要做某事。如：Headvisedheragainstgoingoutatnight.他劝她晚上不要出去。注：该句型有时可与advisesbnottodosth替换。Headvisedhernottogooutatnight.advisesbofsth通知或告知某人有某情况。Pleaseadviseusofthearrivalofthegoods.货物到达时请通知我们。wanttodosth=wouldliketodosth=feellikedoingsthJoin/joinin/takepartin/attendTakeabreak=havearestMost/mostlyTheChinese______preferteatocoffee.A.almostB.nearlyC.mostD.mostly答：选D该题考查的知识点是副词。题意为“中国人多数喜欢喝茶。”mostly大多数地，主要地。辨析：most/mostlyA.most作副词时，是much的最高级形式，常和多音节的形容词或副词连用，构成最高级，表示“最”。most还可以修饰动词表示“最”，其位置较为灵活，放动词前后均可。若most修饰可数名词单数且带形容词的短语时，可用“amost...”结构，表示“非常”。B.mostly主要用来修饰be动词或介词短语等，表示“大部分地”、“大多数地”、“主要地”。例句：It'sthemostimportantquestion.这是最重要的问题。Ilikewintermost.我最喜欢冬天。Maryisamostbeautifulgirl.玛丽是个非常漂亮的女孩。Theguestsaremostlyherfriends.客人大多数是她的朋友。IammostlyoutonSunday.星期日我多半不在家。33.bepatientofsth容忍某物bepatienttodosth有耐心干某事bepatientwith对（某人）有耐心Ican'tbepatientofyourchildishquestionsanymore.我再也不能忍受你那些幼稚的问题了。Agoodteacherwillalwaysbepatientwithhisorherstudents.好老师对学生总是很有耐心。workouttheproblem=solveproblem解决问题另外：workout1.得出;算出(n./wh-从句)2.想出；制订出；(n./wh-从句)3.有好结果；进行情况良好4.（情况等的）发展，进行5.锻炼身体guidesbtodosth指导某人做某事dowellinsth在...方面做得好/擅长explainsbsth=explainsthtosbencouragesbtodosthputinmoreeffort(effort既可做可数又可做不可数名词)get（买）eachofthemacard/buy/take(I’lltakeit)lookbackat回首trytodo/trydoingexcitementn/excitev/excitedadj人/excitingadj物takepridein=beproudoftheproudof...ittakessbsometimetodosth（其他三个花费句型）sbtakessometimetodosth（不常用）37.get/turn/grow/become/be这五个词作连系动词，都有“变化”的意思。(1)get较口语化,表示进入或变成某种状态,通常与形容词或形容词比较级连用,表状态。Thedaysgetshorterandshorter.日子变短了。(2)turn有“成为和以前完全不同的东西”的含义，后接形容词或过去分词。Thetreesturngreeninspring.在春天,树变绿了。(3)grow表示逐渐变为新的状态的含义、着重变化过程。Mylittlebrotherisgrowingtall.我的小弟弟长高了。(4)become用法较为正式，强调由一种状态向另一种状态的变化。后接形容词或名词。Hehasbecomeadoctor.他成为一个医生了。(5)be表示“成为”的意思，多用于将来时，祈使语气或不定式。如：IwanttobeateacherwhenIgrowup.长大后我想成为一名教师。prepareforsth=getreadyforsthPreparetodosth=preparetodosthhavefundoingsth=haveagoodtimedoingsth=enjoyoneselfdoingsthIt’stimetodosth=It’stimefordoingsthIt’sadj(not)todosthinthefurther/infurtherinthefurther：未来,将来注重指未来的比较长远的某一时间infuture：今后，往后着重指从说这句话开始往后的时间段.Wewillliveinouterspaceinthefurther.将来我们会住在太空。Weshouldstudyharderinfurther.从今以后我们要更努力地学习。infurther在此=fromnowonaccept（主观接受）/receive（客观接受）Lookforwardtodoingsthhopeforsth对...的希望befullof充满...=befilledwithgrowup长大；成长dealwith处理，对付Ihaveamatterofimportancetodealwith.我有要事要处理agood/greatdeal很多；非常agood/greatdealof+（不可数名词）大量的......Dealwithamanashedealswithyou.(谚语）以其人之道，还治其人之身somuch这么多Ifyoueatsomuch,youwillgetfat.非常IloveyourbooksomuchNone/nothing/noonenothing指物；2)谓语用单数；3)一般用来回答含anything的一般问句及what引起的特殊问句.1)——Whatisinthebox?——Nothing.2)——Isthereanythinginthesky?——Nothing.none1)可与of连用2)谓语动词用单或复数3)一般用来回答howmany+n,howmuch+n及含any+n引起的疑问句.1)Noneofushave/hasseenhim.2)——Howmanystudentsarethereintheroom?——None.3)——Isthereanywaterinthethermos?——None.4)——Howmuchmoneydoyouhaveonyou?——None.noone1)不与of连用2)谓语动词用单数3)一般用来回答who,及含anyone,anybody引起的疑问句.1)Noonelikesapersonwithbadmanners.2)——Whoisintheroom?——Noone.3)——Isthereanyoneintheroom?——Noone.48.failinsth某科不及格failtodosth没做成某事failsb使某人失望，辜负某人49.endn/v结尾—endingn结尾(1)intheend=atlast=finally最后(2)attheendof…在……尽头(3)bytheendof…在……结束时(4)endupdoingsth终止做某事(5)endupwithsth以…而结束begin→began→begunv开始→beginningn开始atthebeginningof在……开始begintodosth/doingsth开始做某事atthebeginning/atthebeginningof/inthebeginningⅠ.atthebeginning和inthebeginning起初，通常可互换。InthebeginningIdidn’tknowthis.开始我不知道这事。Ⅱ.若表当今世界的开头，则必须用inthebeginningInthebeginningtherewerenomennoranimalsnorplants.Ⅲ.atthebeginningof“在„„之初”，其后通常接表时间，事件或其它意义的名词，其反义词组为attheendof.Atthebeginningof1975hecamebacktoChina.needtodosth需要做某事inneed需要；需求【拓展】indanger在危险中introuble在困境中insilence在沉默中ingoodhealth在好的健康状态中Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情【拓展】needv需要可做实意动词needsth需要某物Ineedyourhelp.人做主语，sbneedtodosth某人需要做某事Doyouneedtodrinkmorewater?物做主语，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedoneMyTVsetneedsrepairing.可做情态动词needn’t=don’thaveto没有必要aheadof注意以下用法：指时间或空间的在„之前：Heleftonedayaheadofme.他比我早走一天。表示“比„强(高)”(主要用作表语)：He’saheadofmeinEnglish.他的英语比我强。用于aheadoftime,意为“提前”或“提早”：heworkwasdoneaheadoftime.goahead的用法：表示同意或允许，意为“说吧”、“做吧”：A：MayIstart?B：Yes,goahead.表示继续做某事，意为“继续„吧”：Goahead,wearealllistening.alongwith与......一道；连同getalong(well)withsb.与某人相处（得好）alongtheway一路上，一直haveaproblem/difficulty(in)doingsth.Thekeyistolearnfromyourmistakes.Thekey关键todosth可做表语learnfromsth从,,,中学习chancetodosth做...的机会theabilitytodosth做...的能力Behindeachdooryouopenarechancestolearnnewthings.当句子主语较长，且没有宾语时，作地点状语的介词词组常常前置，引起全部倒装；

In

front

of

the

house

sat

an

old

man

smoking

a

pipe.

在房屋前面坐着一位老人在抽烟斗。beresponsiblefor/tosb常用：beresponsibleforsthtosbberesponsibleto的用法：beresponsibletosb对某人负责beresponsiblefor的用法:1).forsb/sth/doingsth在法律上承担责任后面接你承担的内容Everyoneshouldberesponsibleforhiswork.2).forsth指对自己的行为负责后面接自己的行为Wehavegrownupandcanberesponsibleforourselves..forsth指作为...的原因后面接现实情况Theweatherwasresponsiblefortheplane'sdelay.beresponsibletodosth有责任做某事goone’sseparateways各奔东西；结束婚姻关系meantodosth打算做某事meandoingsth意味着做某事meansthtosb对某人来说意味着什么Setoutonone’snewjourney动身；上路experience不可数经验；可数经历gointo=enter进入sometime/sometimes/sometime/sometimesThenextyear/month/week用过去时nextyear/month/week用将来时短语1.juniorhighschool初中2.seniorhighschool高中3.graduationceremony毕业典礼4.Morningreading早读；晨读5.meetthestandardof...满足.......的标准6.businessdegree商学学位7.rememberdoingsth记得做过某事8.lookbackat回顾；回忆；回首（往事）9.lookforwardto期待着；盼望着10.goby（时间）逝去；过去=passby11.setout出发；启程=setoff12.workout做出；制定出；结果（不错）13.believein信任；依赖14.keepone’scool沉住气；保持冷静15.makeamess弄得一团糟，一塌糊涂16.Separatefrom分离；隔开17.takeabreak休息片刻18.guidesb.todosth指导某人去做某事19.Playthekeyboard弹电子乐器20.Wishsb.Thebest祝愿某人一切都好21.bethirstyfor渴望；渴求22.bethankfultosb.对某人心存感激23.beresponsiblefor对......有责任24.bepatientwithsb.对某人有耐心25.beproudof以.......而骄傲=takepridein26.befullof充满；满怀着......=befilledwith27.aheadof在......前面；领先于......28.inarow连续几次地29.alongwith连同；=besides30.alongtheway一路上；一直31.nomatter无论；不管32.overthelastthreeyears在过去的三年里=duringthepastthreeyears.33.workouttheansweryourself自己找出答案34.lookforwardtodoingsth期望做某事1.Howhaveyouchangedsinceyoustartedjuniorhighschool?你上初中后有什么变化？2.I’vebecomemuchbetteratspeakingEnglish.我在说英语方面比以前好得多了。(begoodat/dowellin)Howdoyouthinkthingswillbedifferentinseniorhighschool?你认为在高中会有什么不同？4.Whatareyourplansfornextyear?你明年的计划是什么？Writeapassageaboutthepersonorventyouthoughtabutin3a.Describetheperson/event.Explainhowyoufeelaboutthisperson/event.Describehowthisperson/eventhaschangedyourlife.写作指导：1.写中学生活中的难忘的人/事。2.事件要有五要素：when,where,who,what,how,why3.最后阐述这件事对自己所产生的影响。SamplewritingTheonepersonfrommyjuniorhighschooldaysthatIwillneverforgetisMrs.Wong,myEnglishteacherinGrade7.WhenIfirststartedGrade7,Iwasshyanddidnotdaretospeaktoanyone.MyEnglishwasnotverygoodandIfeltnervouswhenIhadtoanswerquestionsinclass.IwouldhaveproblemsspeakingeventhoughIknewtheanswer.Ifeltquiteunhappywithmyself.OnedayMrs.Wongspoketomeafterclass.Sheencouragedmetospeakslowly.ShealsotoldmethatshebelievedIcouldspeakwellifIpracticemore.Iwastouchedbywhatshesaidanditmademeworkharderonmyspeakingskills.Mrs.WongcontinuedtoencouragemeandIbecameevenmoreconfident.IimprovedsomuchthatIwonanEnglishspeechcontestthatyear!IwillalwaysbegratefultoMrs.Wongforheradviceandsupport.动词+to

do

和动词+doing

句型总结

1.

keep

doing

2.

keep

sb.

doing

3.

practice

doing

sth.

4.

enjoy

doing

5.

finish

doing

be

afraid

of

doing

7.

be

busy

doing

8.

look

forward

to

doing

how

about

doing/what

about

doing

10.

spend

some

time

(in)doing

11.

spend

some

money

(in)

buying

12.

feel

like

doing

13.

stop/keep/prevent

…

from

doing

14.

thank

sb

for

doing

Thanksfor

doing

16.dosome

cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing

go

swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating18.minddoing

Can’t

help

doing

20.

consider

doing

21.

have

fun

doing

sth

have

difficulty

doing

sth

have

trouble

doing

sth

have

problem

doing

sth

22.

waste

time/money

doing

23.

instead

of

doing

24.

miss

doing

25.

hold

on

to

doing

26.

pay

attention

to

doing

27.

suggest

doing

28.It’s

time

for

doing

29.

There

is

sb

doing

sth

30.

be

used

to

doing

sth

31.

be

used

for

doing

sth

32.

have

a

lot

of

experience

doingsth33.

sb

allow

doing

sth

34.

put

off

doing

sth

35.

succeed

in

doing

sth

36.

end

up

doing

37.

give

up

doing

38.

dream

of

doing

二．含有不带to的动词不定式句型：

1.

had

better

(not)

do

sth.

2.

would

you

please

(not)

do

sth

3.

why

not

do

sth.

4.

why

don’t

you

do

sth.

5.

Shall

we

do

sth.?

6.

let

sb

do

sth.

7.

make

sb.

do

sth.

have

sb

do

sth

letsbdosth8.

feel

sb

do

sth

三、含有带to的动词不定式句型：

1.

It’s

time

to

do

sth.

2.

It

takes

sb.

some

time

to

do

sth

3.

tell/

ask/

want/encourage/invite/

sb.

to

do

sth.

4.

Would

you

like

to

do

sth.?

5.

It’s

good/bad

to

do

sth

6.

It’s

good/bad

for

sb.to

do

sth.

7.

be

+adj.+

enough

to

do

sth.

8.

sb.

is

ready

to

do

sth.

9.

It’s

+

adj.+

for

sb.

to

do

sth.

10.

It’s

+

adj.+

of

sb.

to

do

sth

11.

would

like/love

/decide/want/wish/to

do

sth.

12.

would

like/love

sb.

to

do

sth.

13.

Prefer

to

do

sth.

rather

than

do

sth.

14.

how/

when/where/whether

to

do

sth

15.

Can’t

wait

to

do

16.

too

…

to

do

…

17.

be

afraid

/ready/able/sure

to

do

18.

It’s

time

to

do

sth

19.

My

job

is

to

do

sth

20.

My

dream

is

to

do

sth21.

My

hobby

is

to

do

sth

22.

refuse

to

do

sth

23.

warn

sb

to

do

sth

24.

pretend

to

do

sth

25.

teach/learn

to

do

sth

26.

need

to

do

sth

27.

be

willing

to

do

sth

28.

try

to

do

sth

29.

try

one’s

best

to

do

sth

30.

agree

to

do

sth

31.

seem

to

do

sth

32.

plan

to

do

sth

/make

a

plan

to

do

sth

33.

in

order

to

do

sth

34.

have

a

chance

to

do

sth

35.

find

it

+adj

+

for

sb

to

do

sth

36.

have

sth

to

do

37.

There

is

sth

for

sb

to

do

38.

be

anxious

to

do

39.

afford

to

do

sth

40.

两个动作连用，表目的

41.

used

to

do

sth

42.

be

used

to

do

sth

43.

be

supposed

to

do

sth

44.

allow

sb

to

do

sth

45.

sb

be

allowed

to

do

sth

46.

the

best

way

is

to

do

sth

47.

the

next

step

is

to

do

sth

48.

have

nothing

to

do

with

49.

the

first

thing

is

to

do

sth

50.

It’s

best

to

do

sth

51.

It’s

a

good

time

to

do

sth

52.

it

is

a

good

way

to

do

sth

53.

add

to

do

54.

urge

sb

to

do

55.

educate

sb

to

do

56.

wait

for

sb

to

do

57.

order

sb

to

do

58.

happen

to

do

sth

59.

lead

sb

to

do

sth

60.

It’a

good

place

to

do

sth

61.

invite

sb

to

do

62.

get

to

do

sth

63.

expect

to

do

64.

volunteer

to

do

sth

65.

offer

to

do

sth

66.

have

an

opportunity

to

do

67.

get

sb

to

do

sth

68.

It’s

one’s

duty

to

do

sth

69.

use

sth

to

do

sth

70.

be

sure

to

do

sth

71.

have

to

do

sth

72.

be

able/unable

to

do

sth

四、既用带to的动词不定式又用ing形式的句型：

1.

stop

to

do/

doing

2.

forget

to

do/

doing

3.

remember

to

do/doing

4.

go

on

to

do/doing

continue

to

do/doing

5.

like

to

do/doing

6.

love

to

do/doing

7.

prefer

to

do/doing

8.

hate

to

do/doing

五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同：1.

.begin

to

do/doing

2.

start

to

do/doing

3

take

turns

to

do/doing

六、既用不带to的动词不定式又用现在分词的句型：用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。

hear

sb

do

sth./doing

2.

listen

to

sb

do

sth./doing

3.

look

at

sb

do

sth./doing

4.

see

sb

do

sth./doing

5.

watch

sb

do

sth./doing

6.notice

sb

do

sth/doing一、带动词ing形式

1.坚持做某事keep

2.使某人一直做某事keep