Unit1PeopleofachievementLearningaboutLanguage课件高中英语人教版选择性2

LearningaboutLanguage

Aims：Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto…1.findoutthedifferencesinformandfunctionsbetweenrestrictiverelativeclausesandnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.2.introduceagreatpersonusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.3.expresstheirownideasandopinionsusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Leadingin1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamehetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.【词语积累】concludevt.断定；推断出；得出结论conclude...from...从……中推断出……conclude（sth.）with用……结束（某事）toconclude（=inconclusion）最后Iconcludedfromhiswordsthathelackedconfidence.我从他的话中得出结论，他缺乏信心。Theeveningconcludedwithdinnerandspeeches.这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中结束了。【归纳拓展】concludev.→conclusionn.结束decidev.→decisionn.决定explodev.→explosionn.爆炸persuadev.→persuasionn.说服单句语法填空1.Anewhighwayissaidtobe

construction.2.ThusEuropewas

peaceforthefirsttimeintenyears.3.Heisreadytogiveahandwheneverhisfriendsare

trouble.4.Someofhispaintingsare

showinthelocalartgallery.完成句子5.Anewpowerstationis

（在建设中）.6.Thetwocountriesonce

（在交战）duringtheSecondWorldWararenow

（处于和平状态）.7.Thechurchattackedbytheenemyinawarwas

（着火）.8.Thenewcoupleare

（在休假）inParisatpresent.atunderinonatwaratpeaceonfireonholidayunderconstruction/beingconstructed单句语法填空9.Don’tjumpto

（conclude）beforeconsideringallthefacts，oryoumaybeeasilytakenin.10.Theresearchlackssolidevidence,andtherefore,its

（conclude）aredoubtful.11.

conclusion，Iwouldliketothankeveryonewhohashelpedus.12.Thespeakerconcludedhisspeech

afamoussaying.conclusionsconclusionsInwithDidyoucometoanyconclusions?你得出结论了吗?【词汇精讲】conclusionn.结论;推论Yourinformationisinaccurateandyourconclusionisthereforewrong.你的信息不准确,所以你的结论是错误的。【词汇拓展】Idrew

a

conclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.我从我自己的经历中得出结论:患难见真情。Theeveningconcluded

withdinnerandspeeches.这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中结束了。Canhumanbeingsliveonthemoon?It’stooearlytodraw

a

conclusion.人类是否能在月球上生存?现在下结论还为时过早。Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.她的情况是我们无法控制的。【词汇精讲】circumstancen.条件;环境;状况,常用复数形式。Obviouslywecan’tdealwiththeproblemuntilweknowallthecircumstances.显然,我们只有了解全部情况后才能处理这个问题。Iwishwecouldhavemetunderhappiercircumstances.我真希望我们是在更愉快的情况下相识的。【词汇拓展】Youwererighttodothisunder

the

circumstances.在这种情况下,你这么做是对的。Under

no

circumstanceswilltheygiveup;theyneverhaveandneverwill.他们在任何情况下都不会放弃,他们从未放弃过,将来也决不会。circumstanceeconomiccircumstances经济状况in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下；既然如此in/under…circumstances在……情况下underanycircumstances在任何情况下；无论如何in/undernocircumstances决不；无论如何都不练习：Youshouldfityourstyleoflivingtoyour_______________.VocabularycircumstancesWritedownthewordthatmatcheseachdefinition.Thenfindthesentencescontainingthesewordsinthetext.1.______________cooksomethinginveryhotwater2.______________relatingtoplants3.______________qualitiesorcharacteristicsofsomething4.______________akindofsubstancethatflowsfreely,suchaswaterormilk5.______________physicalmaterialthatexistsBuildupyourvocabularyboilbotanicalpropertiesliquidsubstanceTuYouyouandherteamfirsttried__________sweetwormwoodandusedthe__________obtained,onlytofinditdidn'tworksinceitsmedical___________weredestroyed.Itwasnotuntilsheusedalowertemperaturethatthe_________namedartemisinin,a___________treatmentformalaria,wassuccessfullyextracted.FillintheblanksboilingbotanicalpropertiesliquidsubstanceGuessthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords.Thenfillintheblankswithwordsthathavethesameroots.1.Thetwoflowersarequitedistinctfromoneanother,soitiseasytomakea____________betweenthem.2.Scientistsneedto____________howvaluableitis.3.Atalentedscientistwellknownforhis____________howthenewmaterialstandsuptowearandteartoprovetohiscountry,HuangDaniancommittedhimselftohisresearchingeophysics.distinctionevaluatecommitmentGuessthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords.Thenfillintheblankswithwordsthathavethesameroots.4.A:Didyoucometoanyconclusions?B:Yes,we____________thatbydrawingouttheextractatalowtemperature,wecouldfindthesubstancethatweneededtocompletetheexperiment.5.Shespendsalotoftime____________herpatients'dreams.Thisanalysisisveryhelpful,explainingtheirdailybehaviourverywell.concludedanalysingDiscoverusefulstruturesReadthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.restrictive,describethekindofmedicaltreatmentstheytested限制性定语从句。从句“thatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease”表明他们所测试的是有望对抗疾病的中医药治疗方法，而并非所有的治疗方法。从句起着重要的限制作用，故用限制性定语从句。DiscoverusefulstruturesReadthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutNobelPrize非限制性定语从句。诺贝尔奖的权威性和唯一性众所周知，所以“whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive”只起补充信息的作用，故用非限制性定语从句。其中，先行词为theNobelPrize，关系代词which在定语从句中充当主语。DiscoverusefulstruturesReadthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutHainan非限制性定语从句，where引导的从句只是说明屠呦呦到海南进行研究的原因，所以“wheremalariawasmorecommon”并不起重要的限制作用，故用非限制性定语从句。其中，先行词为Hainan,关系副词where在定语从句中充当地点状语。DiscoverusefulstruturesReadthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutthepatients非限制性定语从句，whom引导的从句只是补充说明这些病人治疗后的效果，所以“mostofwhomrecovered”不起限制作用。其中，先行词为malariapatients，关系代词whom在定语从句中充当介词of的宾语。DiscoverusefulstruturesRewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Howdothesentencesflowdifferently?1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,whowasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany,whereHitlerwasinpower.DiscoverusefulstruturesRewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Howdothesentencesflowdifferently?3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda,whosecircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling,whichinspiredusalot.DiscoverusefulstruturesRewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Howdothesentencesflowdifferently?5.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei-afamousChinese-Americanarchitect.HewasborninGuangzhou,China.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei-afamousChinese-Americanarchitect,whowasborninGuangzhou,China.6.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.Itwasabigchallengeforme.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart,whichwasabigchallengeforme.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词具有限制作用,使该词的含义更具体、更明确,这种从句不能省掉,否则句子的意义就不完整,从句与主句之间不能用逗号隔开。DoyouremembertheQingDynastyvasewhichIboughtlastyear?你记得我去年买的清代花瓶吗?Finallyhereachedalonelyislandthatwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.最后他来到一个完全与世隔绝的孤岛上。非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句跟先行词的关系并不十分密切,只是做一些附加说明,不起限制作用,这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开。John,whosellsancientvases,isanoldfriendofmyfather’s.卖古代花瓶的约翰是我父亲的一位老朋友。Wewalkeddownthevillagestreet,whichledtothetemple.我们沿着村子的大街走去,大街通向庙宇。有时这类从句所修饰的不是前面某一个词,而是代表整个主句所讲的内容,通常用逗号与主句分开。Heboughthismotherapaintingforherbirthday,whichpleasedheralot.他买了一幅画作为生日礼物送给母亲,这使她非常高兴。Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.汤姆每天酗酒,他的妻子一点儿也不喜欢这样。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别(1)形式不同限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句与其先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。IwillneverforgetthedayswhichwespenttogethervisitingtheSummerPalace.我永远不会忘记我们一起参观颐和园的那些日子。Sheheardaterriblenoisecomingfromtheancienttower,whichbroughtherheartintohermouth.她听到古塔里面传来一个可怕的声音,这把她的心提到了嗓子眼上。【语法主题应用】使用本单元所学的定语从句翻译下面的语段。我有一个同学叫Kate,她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。Kate是一个容易相处的女孩,我们都喜欢她。Kate在这次英语演讲竞赛中获得了第一名,这使得她妈妈很高兴。新年就要到了,到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。众所周知,香港是一个购物天堂,Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。

IhaveaclassmatecalledKate,whosemotherismyformerEnglishteacher.Kateisagirlwhoiseasytogetalongwithandwealllikeher.Katewonthefirstplaceinthespeechcontest,whichmadehermotherveryhappy.TheNewYeariscoming,whenKatewillgotoHongKongtogetherwithhermother.Asweallknow,HongKongisashoppingparadise,whereKateintendstobuywhatsheneeds.

单句语法填空1.Generally,itis

(acknowledge)thattheshortestdistancebetweenpeopleisasinceresmile.

答案acknowledged2.Thecargot

(stick)inthemudandhadtorelyonhorsesto