翻译大赛初试试题

PAGEPAGE4湖北省暨武汉地区第十届外语翻译大赛初赛试题英语专业组、英语非专业组(forEnglishmajorsandnon-Englishmajors)Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.For5,pleasechoosetheonethathasthesamemeaningasthewordinquotes.(9×2%=18%)ItisnoaccidentthatmostpeoplefindDavis’bookdisturbing,foritis___toundermineanumberbeliefstheyhavelong___.calculated…cherishedintended…deniedanxious…misunderstoodreputed…anticipatedAccordingtoonepoliticaltheorist,aregimethathasasitsgoalabsolute___,withoutany___laworprinciple,hasdeclaredwaronjustice.respectability…codificationofsupremacy…suppressionofautonomy…accountabilitytofairness…deviationfromThereason___hestolethemoneyis___hewantedtobuyfood.why…becausethat…because\…thatthat…thatBenhasn’teaten.Don’tworry.___himasandwich.IwillmakeIamgoingtomakeThecriminalwasaskedtoaidpoliceintheir‘enquiry’.interviewB.investigationC.questions___theU.S.dollar,itsvalueincreasedbymorethan15percent.AboutB.AmongC.AgainstD.OnAmongallsocietieslegalmarriageisusuallyaccompaniedbysomekindofceremonythatexpressesgroup____oftheunion.opinionB.coercionC.sanctionD.insistenceAtfirst,Ifoundhergravityratherintimidating;but,asIsawmoreofher,Ifoundthat___wasverynearthesurface.seriousnessB.confidenceC.laughterD.determinationJustasastrologywasforcenturies___faith,counteringthestrengthofestablishedchurches,sotodaybelievinginastrologyisanactof___theprofessionalsciences.anindividual…rebellionbyanaccepted…antagonismtowardaheretical…supportforanunderground…defianceagainst(1)Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.(9×2%=18%)Passage1 ThesurprisingthingabouttheWarofIndependencewhenyoucompareitwithotherwarsofliberationisnotthattheAmericanswon,butthattheydidnotwinmoreeasily.Alltheyhadtodotogainindependencewastoholdwhattheyhad.TheBritish,onthecontrary,hadtoreconqueravastterritoryinordertowin.Togettroopsinactionagainstthe“rebels”of177583,theBritishgovernmenthadtosendthembybulky,slow-movingsailingvesselswhichnevertooklessthanfourweeks(andoftenten)tocrosstheAtlantic.Moreover,thosewho“camethreethousandmilesanddied,tokeepthePastuponitsthrone”hadtobearmed,clothed,andevenpartlyfedfromEngland,whichmeantmoreshipping,moredelays,morelossesatsea,suchexpenseashadneverbeenknowninEnglishhistory.Byusingtheterms,“WarofIndependence”and“otherwarsofliberation”,theauthorindicatesthathewishesthattheBritishhadwon.understandstheAmericanpointofview.isanimpartialobserver.iscarefultousethecorrectterminology.TheauthorisassumingthatthereaderhasapreconceivedbiasinfavoroftheAmericanwareffort.hasapreconceivedbiasinfavoroftheBritish.isunbiasedinviewingthewar.istryingtodecidewhichsidedeservedtowin.Whichofthefollowingsentences,exceptforafewemotivewords,isastatementoffact?“Thesurprisingthing…”“Alltheyhad…”“Togettroops…”noneoftheabove.Passage2 Theseascontainveryfewanimalsoutwardlyasunattractiveastheoyster.Misshapen,drab,practicallymotionless,anddevoidofexpression,theoysterpresentslittletostirintheimaginationoraestheticsensibilities.Nevertheless,initsprosaicway,theoystercontributesmoretothewelfareofmanthananyotherinvertebrateofthesea,anditsgeologichistoryislongandinformative.Kilometerafterkilometerofoysterbanksandreefsfringethewarmerbordersofthecontinents,furnishingfoodandrawmaterialsforman.Theapproximateannualworldproductionofoystermeatapproaches54millionkilograms,andinseveralcountries,especiallytheUnitedStates,France,theNetherlands,Japan,andAustralia,oysterfishingisanimportantindustry,Oystershellsaredredgedbythethousandsoftonsfromshallowbanksandusedforconstructionmaterialandotherpurposes.AnumberofmolluskspopularlycalledoystersarenotreallymembersofthegenusOstrea;amongtheseare“pearloysters”,genusMelagrina.Morethan1,000忘却了。Iwasfeelingfarfromwell,asaheavycoldandsorethroatwerereinforcedbytheconsequencesofinoculationagainsttyphoidfever.A.我因患有严重感冒和喉痛，感到很不舒服。我的病情因为注射了伤寒预防针而加重了。B.我感到很不舒服。本来我患有重感冒和喉痛，加上注射了伤寒预防针，病情加重了。So,likeafool,Iwasjustgoingtospeakwhenhedid.A.于是，不说也罢了，偏偏我傻里傻气地想说点什麽的时候，他却先开口说话了。B.于是，当他说话的时候，我傻里傻气地也打算要说点什麽。Theirlanguagewasalmostunrestrainedbyanymotivesofprudence.A.他们几乎爱讲什麽就讲什麽，全然不考虑什麽慎重的问题。B.他们的言论几乎不受任何深思熟虑的动机的约束。Theirrelationswerevinegar,althoughMr.AwhenspeakingofMr.Binhisabsencewasacidlycorrect.A.他们之间的关系挺别扭，虽然A先生在背后谈起B先生时语中带刺但还不失分寸。B.他们之间的关系挺别扭，虽然A先生在背后谈起B先生时是尖刻而正确的。IV.Translatethedarkenedparagraphsinthepassages.ThefirstpassageisforEnglishmajorsandthesecondoneisfornon-Englishmajors.(40%)Passage1(forEnglishmajors)Ahitsongofthelate1980swasTracyChapman’s“FastCar”,withitspoignantlyricaboutayoungblackgirljoyridingwithherboyfriend: Citylightslayoutbeforeus Andyouarmfeltnicewrapped’roundmyshoulder AndIhadafeelingthatIbelonged AndIhavefeelingIcouldbesomeone,besomeone,besomeone. Tobesomeone,besomeone--oneofthedeepurgesofthehumanheart;perhaps,ifweknewhowtoreckonsuchthingswithfinality,thedeepestofall. Itisaneedthatbecomesmoreintenselyfelt--andalsomoredifficulttosatisfy--asthecourseofhistorycarriedusallfurtherawayfromtheoldrealitiesthatstructuredouridentitiesandlifeexperiencesforus.Aswebecomepossessorsofindividualselves,webecomemorefree,andinanothersenseunbearablyburdened:eachofushasthisthing,thislife,andsocietyseemstobetellingusthatwehavetodetermineforourselveswhatshapeittakes--createouridentities,createourexperiences.Besomebody.Besomebodygood.Behappy.Beyourself. InthefilmTheDeadPoets’Society,theteacherplayedbyRobinWilliamstakeshisstudentsoutintoacourtyardandtellsthemtowalkaround.Don’tjustwalklikeeverybodyelse,hetellsthem:findyourownwaytwalk.Beanindividual.Andthatisoneofoursociety’smainmessages,blaredatusfromalldirections.IdonotmeantocomedowntooheavilyonDeadPoets,whichIthoughtwasarathergoodmovie.Itjusthappenstobeaconvenientexampleofaverycommonpieceofprogrammingweallgetconstantly.IcouldhaveeasilypickedonFrankSinatrasinging“Ididitmyway,”oronanyofthousandsofotherexhortationstobesomebodythatareexpressedinourpopularculture. Themoreweheedthoseexhortations,themorewetrytoconformtooursociety’snormandbecomeindividuals,themorechoiceswearerequiredtomake.Wedonot,asIhavealreadypointedout,havethechoiceaboutwhetherornottomakechoices.Thebestyoucandoifyouwanttoavoidchoicemakingistoliveyourlifewithinacultorafundamentalistreligionoratraditionalsocietyandtrytopersuadeyourselfyouhavenotchosenthat.Yetobviouslywedonothavecompletefreedom,either,tochoosewhotobeandhowtofeel.Lifeisnotanequalopportunityemployer.Weareallcommandedtomakeourownlives--butsomeofusdoeverythingpossibletopretendwedidn’thear;othersacceptthechallengejoyfullyandthendiscoverthatnotalldoorsareopen,orthatsocietydoesn’tlikethewaywewalkafterall. TheethosofthepersonallycreatedlifeisprobablystrongestinAmerica,landoftheself-mademan.ItwasmemorablyexpressedinTheGreatGatsby,ScottFitzgerald’smythicnovelaboutJimmyGatz,anAmericanDonQuixotewhosucceeded--atleastforawhile--inmakingaworldcommensuratewithhisfantasies.Butthedriftofculturalchangeisinthedirectionofforcingeveryonetobefree,requiringeveryonetocreatepersonalidentityandexperience,howeversparsetheresources.Thestruggletobesomeoneisaglobalstrugglenow. Everymorningbillionsofpairsofeyesopen,andbillionsofsocietiesofmindsetforthontheadventuresofselfhood.Formany,theadventureonlyrarelyrisesabovethelevelofastruggletokeepthebodyalive,buteventhemostmiserableamongusalsoheartheaspirationsoftheself--the“me”cravingreassurancethat(a)itexistsand(b)itisgood;themodern“me”thatpursueshappinessandbelievesthatwhateverhappinessitfindswillbewhatithastakenorcreatedandnotwhathasbeenhandeddownbyfate.Passage2(fornon-Englishmajors)TheglobalwarmersOfallthegreenhousegases,carbondioxideisthemostsignificant.HumanactivitieshaveincreasedtheamountofatmosphericCObyabout26percentsincetheIndustrialRevolution,mainlythroughtheburningoffossilfuels(coal,oilandnaturalgas).Thedestructionofvastareasofforest,particularlyinSouthAmericaalsohasanimportantimpactonatmosphericCO:forestsactasnatural“sponges”whichsoakupthisgasfromtheatmosphereandfixthecarboninplantmatter.Ifthetreesarechoppeddownandburntorlefttodecompose,thecarbonisreleasedagainasCO..NaturalfluctuationsofthecarboncyclecanbringaboutsubstantialchangesinconcentrationsofatmosphericCO.,astheVostokice-corerecordindicates;theimportantquestionishowthenaturalsourcesandsinks(removalpathways)ofCOwillchangeinthefaceofman-made(anthropogenic)inputs. Althoughthereisroughlytwohundredtimeslessmethanethancarbondioxideintheatmospheretoday,itspotentialroleinglobalwarmingissignificant.Moleculeformolecule,CHhasagreatergreenhousewarmingeffectthanCO.,asitisastrongerabsorberofinfraredradiation.SincetheIndustrialRevolution,theamountofmethaneintheatmospherehasdoubled.Avarietyofhumanactivitieshavecontributedtothisrise,largelyconnectedwithagricultureandlandmanagement.Thecultivationofriceinpaddyfieldsmakesthebiggestcontribution:riceplantsproducemethaneastheygrow.Riceproduction,nearlyallofwhichispractisedinAsia,hasapproximatelydoubledsince1940.Ruminantanimalssuchascattleandsheepbrewupconsiderablequantitiesofmethaneintheirdigestivesystems,expulsionofwhichrepresentsthesecondmostimportantanthropogenicsource.Burningofvegetationintropicalforestsandsavannahsreleasesmethane,whileothersourcesincludethefermentationanddecayoforganicwastesinrubbishtipsandlandfillsandtheleakageofnaturalgasduringcoalminingandgasdrillingandtransmissionalongpipelines. Buttherearesubstantialnaturalsourcesofmethanetoo.Microbialprocessesinw