山东省聊城市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省聊城市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARingofFire:TheMusicofJohnnyCashRingofFiretellsthestoryofJohnnyCashthroughhismusic.Fromcountryrockandrolltoemotionalballads(民谣)ofloveandfaith,Cash’scelebratedsongshighlighttheincrediblestrugglesandachievementsduringhislife.LOCATION:DruryLaneTheatreSTARTDATE:Friday,August30thENDDATE:Tuesday,October22ndBlueManGroupBlueManGroupiscomedy,theater,androckconcertsallrolledintoone.Havingrecentlycelebratedits25thanniversaryattheBriarStreetTheatre,thiswildlypopularphenomenondeliversanunforgettablemulti-sensoryexperience.Asthreebluemenexploreourworld,togetherwe’lldiscovermusic,laughterandsurprisesateveryturn.LOCATION:BriarStreetTheatreSTARTDATE:Saturday,June15thENDDATE:Tuesday,December31stJohnWangendoandYanceyHughesThesetwoexhibitionspresenttheworksofJohnWangendoandYanceyHughesasadetailedportrait(描绘)ofthelives,experiences,andcharacteristicsofAfricanyouthandtheculturalcontexttheybelongto.Drawinginspirationfromtheirculturaloriginsandsurroundingenvironments,theirextraordinarymediumsandopinionsofferadynamicviewofcontemporaryyouthinAfrica.Theseexhibitionswillbecurated(策划)byFranJoy,anindependentcurator.LOCATION:EvanstonArtCenterSTARTDATE:Sunday,October6thENDDATE:Wednesday,November6thFallFestThisyear’sfestivalfeatureswell-organizedattractionsthroughoutthezoo,includingaFunSlide,apumpkin-filledHarvestMaze,andmuchmore.Guestscanenjoyfreemusicalentertainment,storytimes,professionalpumpkincarvers,andfall-themedenrichmentfortheanimals.Everyweekendwilloffersomethingnew!FallFestisaFREEeventandregistrationisnotrequired.LOCATION:LincolnParkZooSTARTDATE:Friday,September27thENDDATE:Sunday,October27th1.Inwhichplacecanguestsknowabouttheupsanddownsofafamoussinger?A.DruryLaneTheatre. B.BriarStreetTheatre.C.EvanstonArtCenter. D.LincolnParkZoo.2.WhatisthemainfocusofthetwoexhibitionsorganizedbyFranJoy?A.Portrait-drawingtechniques. B.Africanyouthandtheirculture.C.EnvironmentalissuesinAfrica. D.John’sandYancey’slifeexperiences.3.WhatdoBlueManGroupandFallFesthaveincommon?A.Theybotharefreeofcharge. B.Theybothlastforonemonth.C.Theybothhavebandperformers. D.Theybothinvolvemusicalactivities.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个活动的情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一部分“RingofFiretellsthestoryofJohnnyCashthroughhismusic.Fromcountryrockandrolltoemotionalballads(民谣)ofloveandfaith,Cash’scelebratedsongshighlighttheincrediblestrugglesandachievementsduringhislife.(《火之环》通过约翰尼·卡什的音乐讲述了他的故事。从乡村摇滚到爱情和信仰的情感民谣，卡什的著名歌曲突出了他一生中令人难以置信的挣扎和成就)”以及“LOCATION:DruryLaneTheatre(地点：德鲁里巷剧院)”可知，在德鲁里巷剧院客人可以知道一个著名歌手的起起落落。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三部分“Drawinginspirationfromtheirculturaloriginsandsurroundingenvironments,theirextraordinarymediumsandopinionsofferadynamicviewofcontemporaryyouthinAfrica.Theseexhibitionswillbecurated(策划)byFranJoy,anindependentcurator.(从他们的文化起源和周围环境中汲取灵感，他们非凡的媒介和观点为非洲当代青年提供了一个动态的视角。这些展览将由独立策展人FranJoy策划)”可知，FranJoy组织的两个展览的主要焦点是非洲青年和他们的文化。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据BlueManGroup部分中“BlueManGroupiscomedy,theater,androckconcertsallrolledintoone.(BlueManGroup集喜剧、戏剧和摇滚音乐会于一体)”以及最后一部分“Guestscanenjoyfreemusicalentertainment,storytimes,professionalpumpkincarvers,andfall-themedenrichmentfortheanimals.(客人可以享受免费的音乐娱乐，故事时间，专业的南瓜雕刻，和秋天为主题的丰富的动物)”可知，BlueManGroup和FallFest的共同之处是两者都涉及音乐活动。故选D。BIhatelosses.Twomonthsago,IwentcrazywhenIlookedforthewalletI’dlost.Checkingeverypocket,Igotincreasinglyanxious.Themoney,thecreditcards,thedriver’slicense,andthesocialsecuritycardinmywalletkeptflashingthroughmymind.Whoeverfoundthewalletcouldstealmyidentity,runuphugeexpenses,andputmeinfinancialdanger!Myheartwaspounding.IfeltsoflusteredthatIdidn’tgotowork,notknowingwhattodo.Subsequently,Icalledthecreditcardcompaniesandcanceledmycards.ThenIrealizedthatIdrovewithoutalicense,soItooktimeofftogototheregistrytogetanewone.Thatnight,Icouldn’tsleep.Ihadapaininmychest.IthoughtIwashavingaheartattack.Afteracoupleofhoursoftestsatthehospital,Iwastoldthatitwasjustananxietyattack.Losingmywalletwasnobigdeal;Ijusthadtocancelthecards,getanewlicense,andbuyanewwallet.Ilostafewbills,butsowhat?However,Iwasdeeplytroubledbyit.Frankly,weallhatelosses.DanielKahneman,anIsraelipsychologist,foundthatpeoplearegenerallymoreafraidoflosingthingsthanthey’reeagertogain.Thisphenomenoniscalledlossaversion(厌恶).Inatypicalstudy,whenpeoplewereaskediftheywouldratherget$500forsureoralotteryticket(彩票)witha50-50chanceofwinning$1000,theygenerallychosetheformer.Butwhentheywereaskediftheywouldratherlose$500forsureorgetalotteryticketthatoffers50percentchanceoflosing$1000,mostpeoplechosetotaketherisk.Inbothcases,thechancesarethesamebutpeople’schoicesaredifferent.Infact,theemotionsassociatedwithlossformedalongtimeago.Losswasalwaysfrighteninganddamagingforpeoplethen,andit’sstillwithus.Indeed,that’swhyIblewthesimplelossofawalletoutofproportion.4.Whathappenedtotheauthortwomonthsago?A.Hefacedafinancialcrisis. B.Hesufferedaheartattack.C.Helosthiswallet. D.Hewasblamedbyhisboss.5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“flustered”inparagraph2?A.Embarrassed. B.Tired. C.Strange. D.Upset.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Itishardtowinthelottery.B.Peopletendtoloselessinordertogetmorelater.C.Itisworthtakingriskstogetasmallfortune.D.Peoplepreferavoidinglossestogettingpossiblebenefits.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthestory?A.Toexplainwhatlossaversionis. B.Tocomplainabouthismisfortuneinhislife.C.Toprovideadviceonprotectingpersonalproperty. D.Topersuadepeopletoconcentrateontheirwork.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.D7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章作者通过自身丢钱包的经历，解释了什么是损失厌恶。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Twomonthsago,IwentcrazywhenIlookedforthewalletI’dlost.(两个月前，当我寻找丢失的钱包时，我发疯了)”可知，两个月前作者丢了钱包。故选C。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“thatIdidn’tgotowork,notknowingwhattodo”以及第二段“Subsequently,Icalledthecreditcardcompaniesandcanceledmycards.ThenIrealizedthatIdrovewithoutalicense,soItooktimeofftogototheregistrytogetanewone.(随后，我打电话给信用卡公司取消了我的信用卡。然后我意识到我没有驾照，所以我请假去登记处办了一张新驾照)”可知，作者丢了钱包很沮丧，没有去上班，不知道该做什么，处理了很多事情。故划线词意思是“沮丧的”。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“DanielKahneman,anIsraelipsychologist,foundthatpeoplearegenerallymoreafraidoflosingthingsthanthey’reeagertogain.Thisphenomenoniscalledlossaversion(厌恶).(以色列心理学家丹尼尔·卡尼曼发现，人们通常更害怕失去东西，而不是渴望得到东西。这种现象被称为损失厌恶)”可知，人们宁愿避免损失，也不愿获得可能的利益。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Frankly,weallhatelosses.DanielKahneman,anIsraelipsychologist,foundthatpeoplearegenerallymoreafraidoflosingthingsthanthey’reeagertogain.Thisphenomenoniscalledlossaversion(厌恶).(坦率地说，我们都讨厌损失。以色列心理学家丹尼尔·卡尼曼发现，人们通常更害怕失去东西，而不是渴望得到东西。这种现象被称为损失厌恶)”结合文章通过自身丢钱包的经历，解释了什么是损失厌恶。可知，作者写这个故事的目的是解释什么是损失厌恶。故选A。CInsecticides(杀虫剂)containingflupyradifuroneandsulfoxaflor,chemicalsconsideredharmlesstobeesandbumblebeeswhenapproved,canhavedamagingeffectsonthehealthofhoneybees.Thechemicalsaremorelikelytomakebeessufferfromdiseasesandshortentheirlifespan.ThiswasproveninascientificstudythatwaspublishedinScienceoftheTotalEnvironment.ItwasconductedatMartinLutherUniversityofHalle-Wittenberg(MLU)andtheHelmholtzCentreforEnvironmentalResearch(UFZ).Forthestudy,honeybeesthatwerefreefromenvironmentalinfluenceswerefirstbred(培育)inthelab.“Wewantedtocontroleveryrespectofthebees’lives,”saysDr.YahyaAlNaggar,thebiologistwholedtheprojectatMLUandwhonowworksatTantaUniversityinEgypt.Allbeesweregiventhesamefoodatfirst.Theywerethendividedintoseveralgroupsanddifferentinsecticideswereaddedtotheirfood.Onegroupwasgivenflupyradifurone,whileanotherwasgivensulfoxaflor.BothchemicalsareapprovedinsecticidesinGermany,althoughtheiruseisnowlimitedtogreenhouses.Overaperiodoftendays,theteamobservedwhethertheinsecticideshadanyeffectonthebeesand,ifso,what.Theyfoundthattheinsecticideswereanythingbutharmless:Aroundhalfofallthebeeswhosedietincludedflupyradifuronediedduringthestudy.Whilesulfoxaflorproducedsimilareffects,morebeessurvivedthediet.Asthestudywasconductedinalabtoavoidexternalinfluences,itisunclearwhetherthesameresultscanbefoundinnature.“Thebeesmightbeabletofullyoratleastpartlymakeupforthenegativeeffects——ortheeffectsoftheinsecticidescouldwellbeevengreater,”concludesDrTesfayeWubetfromUFZ.Withthisinmind,theteamcallsforthepotentialeffectsofnewinsecticidesonbeneficialinsectstoberesearchedbetterbeforetheinsecticidesareapproved.8.Whatdidtheresearchersdointhebeginningoftheresearch?A.Theyraisedbeesintheirlab.B.Theymeasuredthebees’sizes.C.Theycollectedbeesfromvariousplaces.D.Theygavethebeesdifferentkindsoffood.9.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheresearchersprobablyagreeon?A.Researchoninsectsshouldbedoneinnature.B.Thenumberofbeesinnaturewillgreatlydrop.C.Newinsecticidesneedmoreresearch.D.Insecticidesshouldbepreventedfrombeingused.10.Whichwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AreBeesReallyBeneficialInsects?B.AreApprovedInsecticidesReallyHarmless?C.AreInsecticidesMoreHarmfulinNature?D.AreInsecticidesonMarketEffective?〖答案〗8.A9.C10.B【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述了研究发现被认为对蜜蜂无害的杀虫剂实际上对其健康造成负面影响，呼吁在批准新的杀虫剂之前进行更全面的研究。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Forthestudy,honeybeesthatwerefreefromenvironmentalinfluenceswerefirstbredinthelab.

(在这项研究中，首先在实验室培育了不受环境影响的蜜蜂。)”可知，研究人员在研究之初在实验室里养蜜蜂。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Withthisinmind,theteamcallsforthepotentialeffectsofnewinsecticidesonbeneficialinsectstoberesearchedbetterbeforetheinsecticidesareapproved.(考虑到这一点，该团队呼吁在批准杀虫剂之前，对新杀虫剂对有益昆虫的潜在影响进行更好的研究。)

”可知，研究人员认为新的杀虫剂需要更多的研究。故选C。【10题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Insecticidescontainingflupyradifuroneandsulfoxaflor,chemicalsconsideredharmlesstobeesandbumblebeeswhenapproved,canhavedamagingeffectsonthehealthofhoneybees.Thechemicalsaremorelikelytomakebeessufferfromdiseasesandshortentheirlifespan.ThiswasproveninascientificstudythatwaspublishedinScienceoftheTotalEnvironment.ItwasconductedatMartinLutherUniversityofHalle-Wittenberg(MLU)andtheHelmholtzCentreforEnvironmentalResearch(UFZ).(含有氟吡喃醌和亚砜的杀虫剂经批准后被认为对蜜蜂和大黄蜂无害，但会对蜜蜂的健康产生破坏性影响。这些化学物质更有可能使蜜蜂患上疾病，缩短它们的寿命。发表在《整体环境科学》上的一项科学研究证实了这一点。这项研究是在哈雷——维滕贝格马丁·路德大学和亥姆霍兹环境研究中心进行的。)”和最后一段的“Withthisinmind,theteamcallsforthepotentialeffectsofnewinsecticidesonbeneficialinsectstoberesearchedbetterbeforetheinsecticidesareapproved.(考虑到这一点，该团队呼吁在批准杀虫剂之前，对新杀虫剂对有益昆虫的潜在影响进行更好的研究。)

”可知，被认为对蜜蜂和大黄蜂无害的杀虫剂实际上会对蜜蜂的健康和寿命产生破坏性影响，本文对已批准的杀虫剂安全性提出了质疑，因此B项(批准使用的杀虫剂真的无害吗？)适合作为标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Giftbasketsareapopulargiftchoice.Thekeyideabehindsuchabasketisthatyouaregivingsomeoneseveralsmallergiftsinsteadofalargerone.___11___Andtheentirepackageisattractivelywrappedincellophane(玻璃纸).Giftbasketsarealmostalwaysthemed.Theycanbetailoredtotherecipients’(接受者)interests.Booksandpenscanbegiventoawriter.Newlipstickandnailpolishcolorsarealwaysgoodchoicesforamake-upenthusiast.___12___Agiftbasketdoesn’thavetobeabasket.___13___Thiscanbeachancetoreallyhighlightthetheme.Agiftbasketforagardeningenthusiastcouldconsistofseedpackets,anicepairofworkglovesandanewgardeningtoolinsideaterracottapotorawateringcan.Foramoviefan,wrapafewDVDsandsomepopcorninafunservingbowl.___14___Pre-madegiftbasketssitontheshelfalreadywrappedandreadyforpurchase.Thisisgift-givingatitseasiest.Besides,somestoresalsooffergiftbasketscreatedrightbeforeyoureyes.Theyallowyoutoselecttheitemsyouwouldlikeinyourbasket,andthenthey’llarrangeandwraptheitemsforyou.What’smore,youcanalsobringthecontentshomeandmakebasketsonlybyyourself.Homemadeonesallowyoutohavetotalcontroloverthedesign.Whetheryoucreatethegiftbasketsbyyour-selfornot,theyareexcellentpresentsforanyoccasion.___15___Theycanbeauniquewaytoexpressyourappreciationandthoughtfulnessandaresuretomaketherecipientsfeelspecialandappreciated.A.Anycontainerwilldo.B.Noteveryonelikessmallgiftbaskets.C.Thesesmallitemsareusuallypackedinacontainer.D.Sodon’tforgettomakesomeforthoseyoucareabout.E.Thebestcontainerscanbeusedlongafterthecontentsaregone.F.Whatevertheylooklike,giftbasketscanbeseparatedintothreetypes.G.Thesehighlypersonalizedbasketscanmakerecipientsespeciallyenjoyreceivingthem.〖答案〗11.C12.G13.A14.F15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了礼品篮的设计理念，它们作为礼物是独特的和受欢迎的。【11题详析】根据上文的“Giftbasketsareapopulargiftchoice.Thekeyideabehindsuchabasketisthatyouaregivingsomeoneseveralsmallergiftsinsteadofalargerone.

(礼品篮是一种流行的礼物选择。这种篮子背后的关键思想是，你给别人的是几个小礼物，而不是一个大礼物。)”和下文的“Andtheentirepackageisattractivelywrappedincellophane.(整个包裹是用玻璃纸包装的。)”可知，C项(这些小物品通常装在一个容器里。)承接上文，说明了你给别人的小物品是装在礼品篮里面的，下文指出礼品篮的外在包装材料，故选C项。【12题详析】根据上文的“Giftbasketsarealmostalwaysthemed.Theycanbetailoredtotherecipients’interests.Booksandpenscanbegiventoawriter.Newlipstickandnailpolishcolorsarealwaysgoodchoicesforamake-upenthusiast.(礼品篮几乎都是有主题的。它们可以根据收件人的兴趣进行定制。书和笔可以送给作者。对于化妆爱好者来说，新的口红和指甲油颜色总是不错的选择。)”可知，G项(这些高度个性化的篮子会让收礼者特别喜欢收到它们。)承接上文，说明了按照收件人的喜好定制的礼品篮能够让他们特别享受，故选G项。【13题详析】根据上文的“Agiftbasketdoesn’thavetobeabasket.

(礼品篮不一定非得是篮子。)”和下文的“Thiscanbeachancetoreallyhighlightthetheme.Agiftbasketforagardeningenthusiastcouldconsistofseedpackets,anicepairofworkglovesandanewgardeningtoolinsideaterracottapotorawateringcan.Foramoviefan,wrapafewDVDsandsomepopcorninafunservingbowl.(这是一个真正突出主题的机会。送给园艺爱好者的礼物篮可以包括种子包、一副漂亮的工作手套和一个装在陶土花盆或喷壶里的新园艺工具。对于一个电影迷来说，在一个有趣的碗里包几张DVD和一些爆米花。)”可知，A项(任何容器都可以。)承接上文，说明了礼品篮不一定非得是篮子，可以是任意的容器，下文指出了不同的礼品需要放在不同的容器中才是合适的，才能突出礼品的独特，故选A项。【14题详析】根据下文的“Pre-madegiftbasketssitontheshelfalreadywrappedandreadyforpurchase.Thisisgift-givingatitseasiest.Besides,somestoresalsooffergiftbasketscreatedrightbeforeyoureyes.Theyallowyoutoselecttheitemsyouwouldlikeinyourbasket,andthenthey’llarrangeandwraptheitemsforyou.What’smore,youcanalsobringthecontentshomeandmakebasketsonlybyyourself.Homemadeonesallowyoutohavetotalcontroloverthedesign.(预制的礼品篮放在架子上，已经包装好，准备消费者购买。这是最简单的送礼方式。此外，一些商店还提供在你眼前制作的礼篮。他们允许你在篮子里选择你想要的东西，然后他们会为你整理和包装这些东西。更重要的是，你也可以把里面的东西带回家，自己做篮子。自制的可以让你完全控制设计。)”可知，本段指出礼品篮共有三种类型，即提前制作的礼品篮、现场制作的礼品篮以及个人自主设计的礼品篮，因此F项(不管礼品篮是什么样子，它们可以分为三种类型。)能够作为本段的主题句，故选F项。【15题详析】根据上文的“Whetheryoucreatethegiftbasketsbyyour-selfornot,theyareexcellentpresentsforanyoccasion.

(无论你是否自己制作礼品篮，它们都是适合任何场合的绝佳礼物。)”和下文的“Theycanbeauniquewaytoexpressyourappreciationandthoughtfulnessandaresuretomaketherecipientsfeelspecialandappreciated.(它们可以是一个独特的方式来表达你的感激和体贴，一定会让接受者感到特别和感激。)”可知，D项(所以别忘了为你关心的人做一些。)承接上文，说明了自制礼品篮也是好礼物，下文对自制礼品篮的好处做出了评价，因此别忘了为你关心的人做一些，故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分35分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthefallof1522,aleakyshipmadeportinSpainwith18tiredcrewmen,allthatsurvivedofsome240who’dmannedabold,trademission.ChalesI,theyoungSpanishking,wasnolongerwillingto___16___overlandtraderoutesforthespicethatwasso___17___inEurope.Heappointedanexpedition(探险队)tofindanew___18___toPacificislandsrichwithspices,andascaptainhehiredFerdinandMagellan,askilledPortuguesesailorwho___19___believedtheEarthwasround,atheorynotyet___20___.ThefleetwastofindawestwardroutetotheSpiceIslands,and___21___thesameway.Theyalsoweretofocusontraderoutesand___22___conquest(征服)andreligion.Magellanwouldn’tobeythe___23___,withdisastrousandhistoricresults.InSeptember1519,fiveshipssetsail,___24___tocollectnearly550tonsofspicesintwoyears.Thevoyagestretchedtothreeyears.Theysurvivedwiththe___25___ofIndigenouspeopletheymet,treatingsome___26___butotherscruellyorviolently.Quittingtradeforconquest,Magellan___27___anislandinthePhilippinesandwas___28___inthesurf.Anewcaptain,JuanSebasetinElcano,guidedtheVictoriahomewithanunplanned___29___:proofthattheEarthwasround.Thefirstvoyageoftheglobe-a___30___feat(丰功伟绩)ofexplorationandscience—changedtheworldforever,sparkingglobalizationandabuseofcolonizationforcenturiestocome.16.A.giveup B.relyon C.lookfor D.testout17.A.abundant B.common C.attractive D.popular18.A.direction B.access C.route D.entrance19.A.firmly B.reluctantly C.slightly D.nervously20.A.declared B.proved C.analyzed D.evaluated21.A.sail B.continue C.follow D.return22.A.avoid B.perform C.launch D.promote23.A.timetable B.schedule C.order D.custom24.A.failing B.waiting C.intending D.stopping25.A.help B.agreement C.gratitude D.relief26.A.equally B.fairly C.seriously D.carefully27.A.searched B.flooded C.attacked D.abandoned28.A.defeated B.swallowed C.trapped D.killed29.A.achievement B.expectation C.dream D.process30.A.mysterious B.remarkable C.predictable D.strange〖答案〗16.B17.D18.C19.A20.B21.D22.A23.C24.C25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界上第一次环球航行的过程和证明地球是圆的这一理论的经过。【16题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：年轻的西班牙国王查理一世不再愿意依靠陆路贸易路线来获取这种在欧洲非常流行的香料。A.giveup放弃；B.relyon依靠；C.lookfor寻找；D.testout试验。根据下文的“Heappointedanexpeditiontofindanew...toPacificislandsrichwithspices”可知，查尔斯一世不愿意再依靠陆路贸易路线来获取欧洲受欢迎的香料了。故选B项。【17题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻的西班牙国王查理一世不再愿意依靠陆路贸易路线来获取这种在欧洲非常流行的香料。A.abundant丰富的；B.common普通的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.popular受欢迎的。根据上文的“allthatsurvivedofsome240who’dmannedabold,trademission”和下文的“Heappointedanexpeditiontofindanew...toPacificislandsrichwithspices”可知，国王查理一世任命了一支探险队去香料丰富的太平洋岛屿那里进行贸易活动，将香料带回来，则可知香料在欧洲很受欢迎。故选D项。【18题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A.direction方向；B.access出入口；C.route路线；D.entrance入口。根据上文的“overlandtraderoutes”可知，与它对比，这里指国王想派人去寻找一条新路线来获取香料。故选C项。【19题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A.firmly坚定地；B.reluctantly勉强地；C.slightly稍微地；D.nervously焦虑地。根据上文的“askilledPortuguesesailor”可知，麦哲伦是一位技术熟练的水手，坚信地球是圆的。故选A项。【20题详析】考查动词词义辨析。他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A.declared宣布；B.proved证明；C.analyzed分析；D.evaluated评估。根据倒数第二段的内容“proofthattheEarthwasround”可知，地球是圆的这个理论当时尚未得到证实。故选B项。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：船队要找到一条向西到达香料群岛的航线，然后原路返回。A.sail航行；B.continue继续；C.follow跟随；D.return返回。根据空后的“thesameway”可知，与空前的“findawestwardroutstotheSpiceIslands”呼应，指去的航线和返回的航线是一致的。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还专注于贸易路线，避免征服和宗教活动。A.avoid避免；B.perform履行；C.launch发起；D.promote促进。根据上文的“focusontraderoutes”可知，这次航行的重点是放在贸易航线上，而不是为了征服和传教。故选A项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦不服从命令，带来了灾难性和历史性的后果。A.timetable时间表；B.schedule日程安排；C.order命令；D.custom习惯。根据下文的“withdisastrousandhistoricresults”可知，麦哲伦没有服从命令，从而造成了灾难性和历史性的后果。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1519年9月，五艘船启航，打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。A.failing失败；B.waiting等待；C.intending打算；D.stopping停止。根据上文的“fiveshipssetsail”和下文的“tocollectnearly550tonsofspicesintwoyears”可知，这次航行打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。故选C项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在遇到的土著居民的帮助下生存下来，他们公平地对待一些人，但残酷或暴力地对待另一些人。A.help帮助；B.agreement协议；C.gratitude感激；D.relief缓解。根据上文的“Thevoyagestretchedtothreeyears.”以及“Indigenouspeopletheymet”可知，探险的旅程很是艰辛，他们在遇到的土著人的帮助下幸存下来。故选A项。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们在遇到的土著居民的帮助下生存下来，他们公正地对待一些人，但残酷或暴力地对待另一些人。A.equally平等地；B.fairly公正地；C.seriously严肃地；D.carefully小心地。根据下文的“butotherscruellyorviolently”可知，他们残酷或暴力地对待其他人，but表示转折，则他们公正地对待一些人。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦为了征服而放弃贸易，他袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿，并在海浪中丧生。A.searched搜索；B.flooded泛滥；C.attacked攻击；D.abandoned放弃。根据上文的“Quittingtradeforconquest”可知，为了征服而放弃贸易，麦哲伦袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦为了征服而放弃贸易，他袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿，并在海浪中丧生。A.defeated打败；B.swallowed吞噬；C.trapped陷入；D.killed杀死。根据下文的“Anewcaptain,JuanSebasetinElcano,guidedtheVictoriahome...”可知，在这次袭击中，麦哲伦在海浪中丧生。故选D项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：新船长胡安·塞巴斯蒂安·埃尔卡诺带领维多利亚号回家，取得了一项意想不到的成就：证明了地球是圆的。A.achievement成就；B.expectation期望；C.dream梦想；D.process过程。根据上文的“askilledPortuguesesailorwho...believedtheEarthwasround,atheorynotyet...”和空后的“proofthattheEarthwasround”可知，这次航行取得了一项意外的成就：证明地球是圆的。故选A项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次环球航行——一项非凡的探索和科学壮举——永远地改变了世界，引发了未来几个世纪的全球化和殖民主义的滥用。A.mysterious神秘的；B.remarkable卓越的；C.predictable可预测的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文的“changedtheworldforever”可知，这次航行是非凡的。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)根据〖提示〗完成句子，在答题卡相应位置填入一个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。31.Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettys________(可怕的).(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗scary【详析】考查形容词。句意：失去思考和记忆的能力是相当可怕的。根据中英文〖提示〗可知应用形容词scary，作表语，主语为动名词短语。故填scary。32.Tomakesureyourapplianceisinfactoff,r________(移走)theplugfromitspowersupply.(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗remove【详析】考查动词。句意：要确定你的电器实际上是关闭的，从电源上拔下插头。根据汉语意思及首字母〖提示〗，应该填入动词remove，逗号后面的句子为祈使句，使用动词原形开头，故填remove。33.Dealingwithpeopleisthemostimportanta________(方面)ofmywork.(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗aspect【详析】考查名词。句意：与人打交道是我工作中最重要的方面。根据首字母和汉语〖提示〗可知，“方面”为名词aspect，作表语。故填aspect。34.Whowerethefirstpeoplec________(证实)tohavereachedthetopofthemountain?(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗confirmed【详析】考查动词。句意：谁是第一个被证实到达山顶的人？根据汉语意思及首字母〖提示〗，应该填入动词confirm，它和people之间为被动关系，则填入过去分词作后置定语，故填confirmed。35.Thelocalsupermarketvolunteeredtos________(赞助)thehighschoolbasketballteam.(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗sponsor【详析】考查动词。句意：当地的超市自愿赞助高中篮球队。根据中英文〖提示〗可知应用动词sponsor，且上文为短语volunteertodosth.。故填sponsor。36.WecanvisityourcompanyonMondayorTuesday;ourplansarefairlyf________(灵活的).(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗flexible【详析】考查形容词。句意：我们可以在周一或周二拜访贵公司；我们的计划相当灵活。根据汉语意思及首字母〖提示〗，应该填入形容词flexible，它在句中作表语，故填flexible。37.She’susuallyveryshy,butshe’sgenerousandneverh________(犹豫)tohelp.(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗hesitates【详析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，从不犹豫地帮助别人。“犹豫”作谓语，结合首字母〖提示〗，用动词hesitate，与主语she之间是主动关系，描述习惯性行为用一般现在时态，又因主语she是第三人称单数代词，谓语也用单数形式。故填hesitates。38.Infact,researchershavefoundthat'soneoftheworsts________(策略).(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗strategies【详析】考查名词。句意：事实上，研究人员发现这是最糟糕的策略之一。根据中英文〖提示〗可知应用名词，且为oneof+可数名词复数形式。故填strategies。39.Whenc_________(批评)people,wemusttrytoconvincethemthroughreasoning,notjustputlabelsonthem.(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗criticising/criticizing【详析】考查状语从句中的省略以及现在分词。句意：当批评别人时，我们必须通过讲道理说服他们，而不仅仅是给他们贴上标签。根据首字母、中文〖提示〗“批评”、以及空后代词you，“批评”表达为动词criticize/criticise；句中when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句主语we一致，主语we和动词criticize/criticise之间是主动关系，此状语从句可省略为“when+现在分词”结构。故填criticising/criticizing。40.Thisbird,sharpofeyeandswiftofbeak,cana_________(准确地)catchtheflyinginsectsintheair.(根据中英文〖提示〗填空)〖答案〗accurately【详析】考查副词。句意：这只鸟眼尖嘴快，能准确地捕捉空中的飞虫。根据中英文〖提示〗可知应用副词accurately，修饰动词catch。故填accurately。第三节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)根据教材内容补全下面短文，在答题卡相应位置填入一个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。It’sstrange,butIdon’treallyremembermuchaboutthehurricaneitself.Itallhappenedsoquickly.Iwassittinginmyroomwithmycat,Smartie,onmylap,whentheroofjustf___41___off.Allofasudden,therewassky___42___theroofhadbeen.IwassofrightenedthatIjustfroze.Atfirst,Iwaspleasedwecouldstayathome,butsoonitgotreallytough.___43___aroof,stayinginsidewastoodangerous.Therewaswatereverywhere,butwecouldn’tdrinkanyofitotherwisewe’dgetreallysick.ItwasAugust,soitwasreally,reallyhotanditsmelledsobadeverywhere!Ijustspentthedayswatchingtheboatsgoingupanddownthestreetand1___44___outforSmartie.Hehaddisappeared___45___momentthestormhit.Livingintheopenair,webecamebreakfast,lunchanddinnerforthem___46___.ButMomsaidthatwhateverhappens,weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.Itwasdifficulttostayp___47___,though.Wehadlostourhomeandeverythinginit,includingSmartie.Allwehadleftweretheclothesonourbacks.ButasMomkeptonremindingus,wewerealltogetherandsafe.Mom’swordsmadeusfeelbetter.Irememberusalllyingunderthemidnightskyandlookingupatthestars.Althoughitwasonlyafewdaysbeforewewerer___48___,itfeltlikemonths.Weweretakentoanothertowninafarawaycounty.T___49___,Smartiecamehomejustintime.Weweresohappytotakehimwithus,althoughthen,noneofusknewthatwewouldn’tbebackforquiteawhile.Now,oneyearhaspassedandI’mbackhomeinNewOrleans.Somefamilieshaveyettoreturn,butmanyothershavecomeback.Althoughwearesurroundedbyr____50____ofthedisaster,weareworkingtogethertorebuildourhomesandourlives.NowwehaveanotherchancetolookupatthestarsofNewOrleans,theirbeautyinspiringusandgivingusconfidencetomoveon.〖答案〗41.flew42.where43.Without44.looking45.the46.mosquitoes/mosquitos47.positive48.rescued49.Thankfully50.reminders【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一家人在经历了可怕的飓风后幸运得救，并在母亲的鼓励下团结一致共建家园的故事。【41题详析】考查动词。句意：我正坐在房间里，腿上坐着我的猫Smartie，突然屋顶就飞走了。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词fly，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填flew。【42题详析】考查状语从句。句意：突然间，屋顶所在的地方出现了天空。此处引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”应用where。故填where。【43题详析】考查介词。句意：没有屋顶，待在屋里太危险了。根据上文“therewassky

_____

theroofhadbeen”可知，房子屋顶没有了，表示“没有”应用介词without，首字母大写。故填Without。【44题详析】考查动词。句意：我整天看着船在街上来来往往，留意寻找Smartie。根据下文“Hehaddisappeared”可知猫不见了，结合首字母以及句意可知，动词短语lookoutfor“留意”符合句意，此处为短语spendtimedoingsth.。looking与watching并列。故填looking。【45题详析】考查冠词。句意：他在暴风雨来袭的那一刻就失踪了。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”应用themoment引导时间状语从句。故填the。【46题详析】考查名词。句意：生活在露天，我们成了蚊子的早餐、午餐和晚餐。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词mosquito，可数名词，数量大于一应用复数。故填mosquitoes/mosquitos。【47题详析】考查形容词。句意：不过，要保持乐观是很难的。根据上文“seethegoodsideofthings”、单词首字母以及句意可知应填形容词positive“乐观的，积极的”，作表语。故填posi