广东省广州市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末五校联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末五校联考英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分语言知识运用（满分15分）第一节单项选择（15*1,满分15分）1.Doesthewayyouthoughtof______thewatercleanmakeanysense?A.making B.tomake C.made D.make〖答案〗B【详析】考查非谓语。句意：你想的让水变干净的方法有意义吗？分析句子可知，本句中youthoughtof为定语从句，省略了关系词，所以这里考查thewaytodosth表“做某事的方法”，其中不定式作定语，修饰前面名词way。故选B项。2.When______help,oneoftensays“Thankyou”or“It’skindofyou”.A.beingoffered B.tooffer C.offered D.offering〖答案〗C【详析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被给予帮助的时候，一个人经常说“谢谢你”或“你真好”。分析句子结构可知，状语从句的主语和主句的主语是一致的，并且从句中含有be动词，故满足状语从句省略的条件，结合句意，one和offer为被动关系，设空处应用过去分词，从句完整结构形式为Whenoneisofferedhelp。故选C项。3.Everyonepresent,parentsandteachersincluded,______theirattentiononthephotosrecordingeverystudent'sgrowthshownonthePPT.A.focused B.focus C.focusing D.tofocus〖答案〗A【详析】考查动词时态。句意：在场的每个人，包括家长和老师，都把注意力集中在PPT上展示的记录每个学生成长的照片上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因此处描述过去的动作，应用一般过去时，focus的过去式是focused。故选A项。4.Itisbelievedthatthehighway______nowwillbringprosperitytothevillage.A.constructing B.isconstructedC.isbeingconstructed D.beingconstructed〖答案〗D【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们相信现在正在修建的公路会给这个村庄带来繁荣。从句已有谓语，空处是非谓语，construct“修建”和highway逻辑上是被动关系，且结合“now”可知，行为正在进行中，因此用construct现在分词的被动式，作highway的后置定语。故选D。5.Thereweretwogroupsofchildren______intheexperiment,______hadamusictestwhiletheotherdidn’t.A.tookpart;oneofthem B.takingpart;oneofwhichC.takingpart;oneofwhom D.totakepart;oneofwhich〖答案〗B【详析】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：有两组孩子参加了这个实验，其中一组有音乐测试，而另一组没有。第一空take与children构成主动关系，应用现在分词作定语；第二空为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词groups，作介词的宾语，指物，应用which。故选B。6.Becausetheshop______,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.A.isclosingdown B.wasabouttoclosedownC.hascloseddown D.hadcloseddown〖答案〗A【详析】考查现在进行时表将来。句意：因为商店要关门了，所有的T恤都半价出售。这里考查现在进行时表示未来将要发生的动作，isclosingdown表示“将要关门”。故选A项。7.Thecompetitionwassoclosethatnoonewassurewho______theBestActoraward.A.wasgoingtowin B.wasabouttowinC.wastowin D.wouldwin〖答案〗D【详析】考查时态。句意：竞争如此激烈，以至于没有人确定谁会获得最佳男主角奖。so...that...结构表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导的结果状语从句中，根据was可知，从句描述过去的情况，且结合语意，没有人确定的是谁将会获得最佳男主角奖，who引导的从句应用过去将来时，表示从过去看即将发生的动作，即woulddo结构。wasgoingtodo表示在过去计划安排将要发生的动作，wasabouttodo表示马上、立刻去做某事，不能和表将来的时间状语连用，wastodo表示过去将来，通常是计划、命令、将来、命中注定等，均不符合语境。故选D项。8.Theancientcity,______wasoncethecenterofanempire,______byarchaeologistsandhistoriansforoveradecadeandhasyieldedmanysignificantfindings.A.which;wasstudied B.where;wasstudiedC.which;hasbeenstudied D.where;hadbeenstudied〖答案〗C【详析】考查定语从句和时态语态。句意：这座古城曾经是一个帝国的中心，考古学家和历史学家对它进行了十多年的研究，并取得了许多重大发现。第一空引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词city，在从句作主语，指物，故用which；第二空作谓语，主语与动词study构成被动关系，根据后文foroveradecade可知为现在完成时的被动语态，故选C。9.WhichsentencedoesNOTmakesense?A.Peterisamanwhopaysattentiontodetails.B.Peterisaman,whopaysattentiontodetails.C.Idon’tlikechildrenwhoarealwaysnaughty.D.Idon’tlikechildren,whoarealwaysnaughty.〖答案〗B【详析】考查定语从句。A.Peterisamanwhopaysattentiontodetails.彼得是一个注重细节的男人；B.Peterisaman,whopaysattentiontodetails.彼得是一个男人，他注意细节。C.Idon’tlikechildrenwhoarealwaysnaughty.我不喜欢总是淘气的孩子。D.Idon’tlikechildren,whoarealwaysnaughty.我不喜欢孩子，他们总是淘气。选项B中who引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词“aman”起到附加说明的作用，表示“彼得是一个男人，他注意细节。”，句意表达有偏差，讲不通，应用限制性定语从句。故选B。10.Thoughthestepsaretheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure______offersaplace______youcansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.A.which;and B.and;which C.that;where D.and;where〖答案〗D【详析】考查并列句及定语从句。句意：尽管台阶是你攀登山峰过程中唯一不自然的事物，但它突出了整个冒险，提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你酸痛双腿的地方。“highlightsthewholeadventure”和“offersaplace”都是it发出来的动作，it指代台阶。可以判断这里是并列句，使用and并列两个动词；横线二后引导一个定语从句，先行词是place，在从句中充当地点状语，应该使用where引导。故选D。11.StephenHawkingbelievedthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.that B.where C.why D.which〖答案〗B【详析】考查定语从句。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金认为，地球不太可能是唯一一个生命逐渐发展的星球。这里考查定语从句，先行词为theonlyplanet，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故选B项。12.Shetoldmethatshehadabeautifulstoryaboutalittleboy______shewassureIshouldlikebetterthanTheScarletLetter.A.which B.who C.aboutwhich D.ofwhom〖答案〗D【详析】考查定语从句。句意：她告诉我她有一个关于一个小男孩的美丽故事，她确信我会比喜欢《红字》更喜欢这个故事。先行词是alittleboy，且结合“besureof...”表示“确信……”，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，先行词指人，所以用“ofwhom”引导定语从句。故选D项。13.It'samysterywhoinventedtheglassharp.SomesayitfirstappearedinChina______otherssayPersia,butitwasinEurope______itbecamemostpopular.A.while;where B.but;when C.while;that D.and;that〖答案〗C【详析】考查连词和强调句式。句意：谁发明了玻璃琴仍是一个谜。有人说它最早出现在中国，而其他人则说是波斯，但正是在欧洲它变得最为流行。第一个空格前后的句子是对比关系，而不是转折或者并列关系，因此，使用“while”可以表达两者之间的对比，即“一方面……另一方面……”，这符合句意。第二个空格所在的部分是强调句型“Itwas...that...”的结构，用来强调“inEurope”，也就是正是在欧洲这个地方玻璃琴变得最流行。故选C项。14.ThankstohisremarkableperformanceontheSAT,notonly______intoHarvard,______afullscholarship.A.washeaccepted;butalsowashegivenB.washeaccepted;butalsohewasgivenC.hewasaccepted;butalsowashegivenD.hewasaccepted;butalsohewasgiven〖答案〗B【详析】考查倒装句。句意：由于他在SAT考试中的出色表现，他不仅被哈佛大学录取，而且还获得了全额奖学金。notonly...butalso...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，notonly置于句首引导部分倒装句，notonly后的句子要倒装，butalso后的句子不倒装。故选B。15.Undernocircumstances______.A.shouldthepatientbeleftunattendedB.shouldthepatientleftbeunattendedC.shouldbeleftunattendedthepatientD.shouldbethepatientleftunattended〖答案〗A【详析】考查倒装结构。句意：在任何情况下都不应让病人无人看管。“病人被留下无人看管”thepatientshouldbeleftunattended，其中unattended作主语补足语，介词短语Undernocircumstances置于句首，句子使用部分倒装结构，将情态动词should提到主语thepatient之前，谓语动词的其余部分仍然放在主语之后，即shouldthepatientbeleftunattended。故选A项。第三部分阅读（满分50分）第一节阅读理解（15*2.5,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。ATooMuchofaGoodThing—theLawofUnintendedConsequencesGovernmentleaderstryhardtomakethebestdecisions.Sometimestheysurveythegeneralpublic,getexpertadviceandholdmeetings.Ofcourse,wealreadyknowthefollowingfromAesop’sfable“TheMan,theBoy,andtheDonkey”:pleaseall,andyouwillpleasenone.Thepolicy-makersarewellawareofthat.Butsadly,thereareinfacttimeswhendecisionsmadeingoodfaithandwiththebestofintentionsresultinundesiredoutcomes.InAustraliaAlargetoad(蟾蜍),knownasthecanetoad,nativetothesouthernUnitedStatesandBrazil,wasintroducedintoAustraliatocontrolakindofpests(害虫)harmfultopeople’scrops.Thisintroductionofaforeignspecieswasdoneaftercarefulexamination.Atthattime,itwasbelievedthattheintroductionofthetoadhadserveditspurpose.However,laterstudiesconcludedthatthecanetoad’shugeappetitehascausedconsiderabledamagetothenativeAustralianecosystem,withitsnumbertotallyoutofcontrol.InIcelandAlovelypurpleflower,theAlaskanLupinisabigconcerninIceland.ThespecieswasintroducedintoIcelandtopreventsoilfrombeingwashedaway.Butitgrewandspreadlikeaweed,threateningthegrowthofnearbyplants.NowthegovernmentisworkingonhavingstudentsfromIcelandandabroadmovingintocutdowntheLupinand,ifpossible,removeitsseedsfromtheground.InCanadaCanadianForestServicehasbecome“toosuccessful”withitsfire-preventionpolicy.Fireisanaturalpartofthelifecycleofforests,andthereductionofforestfirescreatednewproblems.Agedtreeswhichshouldhavebeenkilledoffbyfireareeasilyinfectedbypestsanddiseasesandpassthemtoneighboringtrees.TheyarenowthreateningtodestroytheforestsofBritishColumbiaandAlberta.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1mean?A.It’simpossibletosatisfyeveryone.B.It’simportanttohavegoodmanners.C.It’schallengingtocollectopinions.D.It’snecessarytopredictthefuture.17.WhatdoAustraliaandIcelandhaveincommonaccordingtothetext?A.Theysufferedeconomicloss.B.Theyimportedaforeignspecies.C.Theyachievedwhattheydesired.D.Theymanagedtodealwiththetrouble.18.Whatdoesthewritertrytotellus?A.Introductionofaforeignspeciesisamistake.B.Toomanygoodthingscanbringbadconsequences.C.Policymakingshouldbetakenmoreseriously.D.Goodintentionsmaynotleadtodesiredresults.〖答案〗16.A17.B18.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了“好事过犹不及”的现象，通过澳大利亚、冰岛和加拿大的三个事例说明了出于善意和良好意图做出的决定有时会导致意想不到的负面后果。【16题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句及其上文“Ofcourse,wealreadyknowthefollowingfromAesop’sfable“TheMan,theBoy,andtheDonkey”:pleaseall,andyouwillpleasenone.Thepolicy-makersarewellawareofthat.(当然，我们已经从伊索寓言《男人、儿子和驴》中知道了下面这句话：想讨好所有人，你就会弄得人人不悦。政策制定者很清楚这一点)”可推知，政策制定者很清楚的是一则伊索寓言揭示的道理：让每个人都满意是不可能的，画线的that指的就是这一道理。故选A项。【17题详析】细节理解题。根据InAustralia中“Alargetoad(蟾蜍),knownasthecanetoad,nativetothesouthernUnitedStatesandBrazil,wasintroducedintoAustraliatocontrolakindofpests(害虫)harmfultopeople’scrops.(一种大蟾蜍，被称为甘蔗蟾蜍，原产于美国南部和巴西，被引入澳大利亚，以控制一种对人们的农作物有害的害虫)”和InIceland中“ThespecieswasintroducedintoIcelandtopreventsoilfrombeingwashedaway.(这种物种被引入冰岛是为了防止土壤被冲走)”可知，澳大利亚和冰岛的共同之处在于它们都引进了外来物种。故选B项。【18题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是文章的标题“TooMuchofaGoodThing—theLawofUnintendedConsequences(好事过犹不及——意外后果法则)”和第一段中“Butsadly,thereareinfacttimeswhendecisionsmadeingoodfaithandwiththebestofintentionsresultinundesiredoutcomes.(但令人遗憾的是，事实上有时出于善意和最佳意图做出的决定会导致意想不到的结果)”可知，文章围绕“好事过犹不及”的现象展开，通过澳大利亚、冰岛和加拿大的三个事例说明了出于善意和良好意图做出的决定有时会导致意想不到的负面后果。由此可知，作者想告诉我们：良好的意图未必会带来理想的结果。故选D项。BI’vebeeninan18-yearlove-haterelationshipwithablackwalnuttree.It’sauniquetree.InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(头骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatlivenextdoortothem.UmbrellasintheyardareamustwhiledininginearlyAugust,andasforme,Iwearmybikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden.Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesthatIbroughthomewithhopesthatmaybetheblackwalnutwouldacceptthem,buttheyfailedtogrow.Whatdoesworkarenativeplantsthatnaturallygrowinthearea.Nativeplantsareimportanttohavearoundsincetheyprovidebeneficialpollinators(传粉者)likebirds,beesandbutterflieswithseedsandcontributetoahealthyandbiodiverseenvironment.Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.It’salsoprotectedunderthelaw.Rightfullyso.Treesareimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatinhabitit.SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseasonholds:Whatarethechancesofbeingknockedunconsciouswhilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I’llneverbepleased.I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.Inreturn,mywalnutoffersahabitatforwildlifeandareminder.19.Whydoestheauthorwearabikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden?A.Toprotecttheinjuredskull.B.Toavoidbeinghitbythenuts.C.Topreventherselffromsunburn.D.Toprotectherselffromfallingover.20.Whatisthetree’ssurvivalstrategy?A.Itacceptsnewplantvarieties.B.Itattractsbeneficialpollinators.C.Itletsoutapoisontodriveawaypests.D.Itproducesachemicaldeadlytosomeplants.21.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthewalnuttree?A.Pleased. B.Conflicted. C.Curious. D.Disapproving.22.Theauthormostprobablygotareminderfromthetreethat______.A.It'sbettertoacceptthantoresist.B.It'sbettertoactthantothinkC.It'sbettertocompetethantogiveup.D.It'sbettertoprotectthantodestroy.〖答案〗19.B20.D21.B22.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者后院的黑胡桃树给他带来困扰，但同时也让作者感到自然的生机。于是，作者学会包容接纳，享受与黑核桃树相伴的生活。【19题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(头骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatlivenextdoortothem.(在9月底或10月初，像棒球一样坚硬的水果会威胁到你、你的孩子、你的邻居和他们隔壁的人的头骨。)”可知，作者在果园里劳动时，会佩戴一个自行车头盔，是为了保护头部不会被树上掉落的坚硬果实砸伤。故选B项。【20题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.(作为一种竞争策略，黑胡桃还通过其根部释放出一种化学物质。它对几种常见的植物有毒。)”可知，黑胡桃树的生存策略就是释放一种对其他一些常见植物物种有毒的物质，以独占生存资源。故选D项。【21题详析】推理判断题。由文章第五段“HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(我有没有想过摆脱我小小后院的巨大痛苦？是的，然而，要除掉这棵50英尺高、树干87英寸的树几乎是不可能的。)”和第六段“SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.(有时我会想起没有黑胡桃的生活。我无法想象春天里没有每年黎明前都会到来并大声唱歌的鸟儿。我会怀念在周末慵懒的下午抬头看着它的叶子入睡。)”可知，作者对黑胡桃树是又恨又爱的，换句话说，这种情感是矛盾冲突的。故选B项。【22题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(我有没有想过摆脱我小小后院的巨大痛苦？是的，然而，要除掉这棵50英尺高、树干87英寸的树几乎是不可能的。)”和最后一段“I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.(我就与这棵树相伴，所以我会倾听它的需求，给它所需的空间。)”可知，作者从这棵树身上得到了这样启示：包容接纳，而非抗拒，会让生活更美好。故选A项。CHiringprocessescanbethoughtofasabattlebetweenintegrityanddishonesty.Youmightimaginethisisasimplefightbetweentruth-seekingfirmsandself-promotingapplicants,andtoacertainextentitis.Butcompaniesthemselvestendtobendrealityoutofshapeinwaysthatareself-defeating.Startwiththeobviouswrongdoers:jobapplicants.Whenitcomestowritingtheresume（简历）,theyarelikelytobeautifyrealityintothemostattractiveshapepossible.Everyonebeyondacertainlevelofexperienceisatransformationalleaderpersonallyresponsibleforgeneratingmillionsofincome;theworldeconomywouldbeabout15timesbiggerthanitactuallyisifallsuchclaimsweretrue.TheaverageBritishpeoplespendfourandahalfhoursadaywatchingTVandonlinevideos.Buteachaveragejobcandidateisanenthusiastforpublicwelfare,usingtheirsparetimeonlyforworthypurposes,likevolunteeringinsoupkitchens.Butthetendencytooverturnthetruthnegativelyimpactscompaniesaswellasapplicants.Thetypicalfirmwillwriteajobdescriptionthatinvariablydescribestheworkenvironmentasfast-pacedandinnovative,andthenlaysoutasetofimprobablerequirementsforthe"idealcandidate",someonewhoalmostbydefinitiondoesnotexist.Sometimes,therequirementsincludeanabilitytogobackandchangethecourseofhistory.Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews,whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.Oneeffectivestrategyistolayoutintextorvideowhatatypicaldayintherolewouldlooklike.Suchhonestycanbeitsownreward.Researchhaslongsuggestedthatrealisticjobpreviewsleadtolowerturnoverandhigheremployeesatisfaction.Apaperin2011byDavidEamestofTowsonUniversityandhisco-authorsconcludedthatfavourableperceptionsoftheorganisation'shonestyarethebestexplanationforwhy.Soaprocessdesignedtouncoverthetruthaboutjobapplicantswouldrunalotmoresmoothlyiffirmswerealsohonestaboutthemselves.23.Whyare"leader"and"enthusiast"mentionedinparagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceofpresentingapersonalimage.B.Todescribethehiringprocessofalargecompany.C.Tomakeacomparisonbetweendifferentinterviewers.D.Toshowjobapplicants'attempttoappeargood.24.Whatproblemsdomanyfirmshate?A.Theysetgoalsfortheiremplovees.B.Theyfailstoprovidehonestjobdescription.C.Theirworkingenvironmentisstressful.D.Theyarebecominglessfriendlytoemployees.25.Whatarejobpreviewsexpectedtobelikeinparagraph.4?A.Theyshowapositionasitis. B.Theyaremadeeitherintextorvideo.C.Theyarefavorableforbiggerfirms. D.Theymainlycontainnegativesofajob.26.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Painsandgainsofemployees. B.Howtogetthelyingoutofhiring.C.Howtobemoreappealinginhiring. D.Awarbetweenapplicantsandcompanies.〖答案〗23.D24.B25.A26.B【语篇解读】本文属于说明文。它通过对招聘过程中存在的问题进行阐述和分析，说明招聘中诚信的重要性及其对企业和求职者双方的影响。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Whenitcomestowritingtheresume,theyarelikelytobeautifyrealityintothemostattractiveshapepossible.（当涉及到写简历时，他们倾向于将现实美化为尽可能吸引人的样子。）”及随后举出的例子，如每个人都声称自己是“transformationalleader”，以及本段中的“theworldeconomywouldbeabout15timesbiggerthanitactuallyisifallsuchclaimsweretrue.(如果所有这些说法都是真的，那么世界经济规模将是实际规模的15倍左右。)”，说明这实际上是在夸大个人的能力和成就，可知这里提“leader”和“enthusiast”是为了展示求职者试图在简历中表现出最好的一面。故选D项。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thetypicalfirmwillwriteajobdescriptionthatinvariablydescribestheworkenvironmentasfast-pacedandinnovative(典型的公司会写一份工作描述，总是把工作环境描述为快节奏和创新的)”和第四段首句“Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews, whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.（很少有公司能在工作预览中准确描述职位的实际内容，这本应让潜在员工真正了解工作的消极和积极因素，并清楚地了解公司的企业文化。）”可知，很多公司通常会描述工作环境为快节奏和创新，并列出一系列理想候选人的不可能的要求，这表明许多公司讨厌的问题就是他们未能提供诚实的工作描述。故选B项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews,whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.Oneeffectivestrategyistolayoutintextorvideowhatatypicaldayintherolewouldlooklike.(很少有公司能在工作预览中准确描述职位的实际内容，这本应让潜在员工真正了解工作的消极和积极因素，并清楚地了解公司的企业文化。一种有效的策略是通过文本或视频来展示角色的典型一天。)”可知，本段中表达的意思是，大家都期盼的职位预告是让公司准确描述职位的实际内容，让潜在员工真正了解工作的消极和积极因素，通过文本或视频来展示角色的典型一天。故选A项。【26题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Hiringprocessescanbethoughtofasabattlebetweenintegrityanddishonesty.Youmightimaginethisisasimplefightbetweentruth-seekingfirmsandself-promotingcandidates,andtoacertainextentitis.Butcompaniesthemselvestendtobendrealityoutofshapeinwaysthatareself-defeating.(招聘过程可以被看作是诚信与不诚实之间的一场战斗。你可能会认为这是寻求真相的公司和自我推销的候选人之间的一场简单的斗争，在某种程度上确实如此。但企业本身往往会以弄巧成拙的方式扭曲现实)”及第二段描述求职者的误区，第三、四段描述公司的夸大招聘及应该如何去做，第五段表示诚实招聘是有回报的，可知，本文说明了在求职中，公司往往夸大自己的文化，需求，工作内容，环境等内容，但是，在招聘中，最重要的就是诚实，这本身就是一种回报。B选项“如何让招聘不再说谎”与本段主旨相符。故选B。D“Womanreadingbook,underanightsky,dreamyatmosphere,”ItypeintoDeepDreamGenerator’sText2Dreamfeature.Inlessthanaminute,animageisreturnedtomeshowingwhatI’vedescribed.WelcometotheworldofAIimagegeneration,whereyoucancreatewhatonthesurfacelooksliketop-rankartworkusingjustafewtextprompts(〖提示〗).Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere’saninitialthrillatseeinganimageappear,there’snocreativesatisfaction.AIimagegenerationcouldinfluenceeverythingfromfilmtographicnovelsandmore.Children’sillustratorswerequicktoraiseconcernsaboutthetechnology.TheysayAI-generatedartistheexactoppositeofwhatartisbelievedtobe.Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyintosomethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitate(模仿)thestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work.However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandslightdifferenceintothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluingoftheworkofartists.There’salreadyanegativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir“work”isasexcellentasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughter,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.27.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofhisimagecreation?A.Exciting.B.Concerned.C.Unsatisfying. D.Shocking.28.Whatdochildren’sillustratorsvaluemostaboutart?A.Thefinalartwork. B.Externalexpressionsinart.C.Theoppositeofreality. D.Thejourneytocreation.29.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.TheethicalconcernsinAIartimitation.B.Humanartists’influenceonAIgenerators.C.Thesuperiorityofhumanartworks.D.Theover-relianceofhumanontechnology.30.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthelastparagraph?A.Artisthemirroroflife. B.Romeisnotbuiltinaday.C.Nomancandotwothingsatonce. D.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.〖答案〗27.C28.D29.A30.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人工智能图像生成技术的现状和潜在问题，这种技术生成的图像存在不自然之处且缺乏创造性，违背了儿童插画家对艺术核心的理解，缺少最重要的创作过程，而且会引发一些伦理担忧，同时导致对专业艺术家作品的贬低。【27题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere’saninitialthrillatseeinganimageappear,there’snocreativesatisfaction.(但仔细观察就会发现一些奇怪之处。在我的图像中，这个女人的脸有着非常奇怪的特征，似乎拿着多本书。而且，虽然看到图像出现时会有一种最初的兴奋感，但却没有创造性的满足感)”可知，作者认为这张创作出的图像很奇怪，无法令人满意。故选C项。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyintosomethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.(从根本上说，艺术就是把你内心的感受转化成外在的东西。无论采用何种形式，真正的艺术都是关于创造过程而不是最终作品)”可知，儿童插画家最看重的是艺术的创作过程。故选D项。【29题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitate(模仿)thestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work.However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandslightdifferenceintothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.(除了创造力，还有更深层次的问题。为了根据〖提示〗创建图像，人工智能生成器依赖于已经存在的艺术和文本数据库。这可能会导致在未经其他艺术家同意的情况下，故意模仿其他艺术家的风格。有一种观点认为，人工智能生成器在受他人工作影响方面与人类没有什么不同。然而，人类艺术家也会在混合中添加情感和细微的差异。人工智能不会这样做——它只能复制)”可知，本段主要有关人工智能生成图像可能涉及的伦理问题，这种生成可能会未经艺术家同意模仿其风格，且无法像人类艺术家那样融入情感和细微差异。故选A项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluingoftheworkofartists.There’salreadyanegativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir“work”isasexcellentasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughter,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.(越来越多地使用人工智能也将导致艺术家的作品贬值。人们已经对创意产业产生了负面偏见。人们会开始认为他们的“作品”和那些从事艺术创作的人一样优秀。当然，这是无稽之谈。你可以用你的手机给你的女儿拍一张漂亮的照片，但你比不上专业人士)”可知，更多地使用人工智能导致人们进一步贬低艺术创作的价值，但作者认为实际上人工智能生成的作品是无法与艺术创作者的作品相比的，这暗示了艺术创作需要经过长期的训练。因此，B项“罗马不是一天建成的”指做事不能急于求成，只有付出努力并持之以恒，才能取得成功，最能总结本段表达的意思。A.艺术是生活的镜子；C.一心不可二用；D.不要以貌取人。故选B项。第二节阅读填空(5*2.5，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Foodisnotjustsomethingthatsupportslife,buttellsusstoriesaboutwhoweare,whatwevalue,andhowweestablishrelationships.____31____.Foodandculturalidentityarecloselytied.ThepreparationandpresentationofthetraditionalJapanesedisheslikesushiareconsideredanartform.____32____Similarly,theuseofspicesinIndiancuisinereflectsthecountry’srichagriculturalheritageanddiverseregionalflavors.Throughfood,individualsnotonlynourishtheirbodiesbutalsonurtureadeepconnectiontotheirculturalroots,cultivatingasenseofidentityandbelonging.____33____AtypicalItalianchildcannametwenty-twodifferentkindsofpasta,whileachildinCanadamightknowthreetofourdifferentkinds.Butit’snotjustthevocabularythatmatters.____34____Whenpeopleareaskedwhatcomestomindwhenthinkingoffriedeggs,theFrenchsay“breakfast”whileAmericanssay“cholesterol(胆固醇)”.TheFrenchprizethediningexperiencewhereasAmericanslayanemphasisonwhatisenteringthebloodstream.Foodconsumedbyonepersonaloneisnotasocialfood.However,whenconsumedbyagroupofpeopletogetheroreateninareligiousceremony,itbringspeopletogethersocially.Inhumansociety,foodisameansforpeopletoestablishrelationshipsbetweenoneanother.____35____Forinstance,intheSpringFestivalinChina,peopleeatdumplingstoexpresstherelationshipbetweenthemselvesandGod.Inanincreasinglyinterconnectedworldshapedbyglobalization,foodnotonlyhelpspreserveourculturebutbridgesculturalgaps,promotingunderstandingandappreciationacrossborders.A.Itoffersusdifferentperspectivestoknowaboutourculture.B.Traditionisawordfrequentlyreferredtointheirdictionary.C.Thisbondcanexistamongindividualsandreligiousgroups.D.Aculture’sfoodvocabularyisalsoawindowintoitsvalues.E.Theymirrorpeople’sculturallyrootedrespectforartisticvalue.F.Itenablespeopletomakesfriendswitheachotherwhiledining.G.Itisalsotheattitudesthataretransmittedthroughlanguageaboutfood.〖答案〗31.A32.E33.D34.G35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物不仅是维持生命的基础，更是文化身份的载体，它加深了个体与其文化根源的联系，反映了不同文化的饮食习惯和价值观，以及食物在社会交往和宗教仪式中的团结作用，促进了全球化背景下跨文化的理解和尊重。【31题详析】上文“Foodisnotjustsomethingthatsupportslife,buttellsusstoriesaboutwhoweare,whatwevalue,andhowweestablishrelationships.(食物不仅仅是维持生命的东西，它还告诉我们是谁、我们珍视什么以及我们如何建立关系的故事)”说明食物除了维持生命外，还具备其他作用，以及下文“Foodandculturalidentityarecloselytied.(食物和文化特征紧密相连)”说明食物和文化具备紧密的联系，A项中It指代上文提及的Food，A项“它为我们了解我们的文化提供了不同的视角。”进一步说明食物的作用，承上启下，符合题意。故选A。【32题详析】上文“The