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顺义区2024届高三第二次质量监测
英语试卷
1.本试卷总分100分,考试时长90分钟。本试卷共12页,共三部分。
2.在答题卡上准确填写学校、姓名、班级和教育ID号。
3.考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答,在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔
作答,非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
4.考试结束后,请将答题卡交回,试卷自己保留。
第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出
最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Earlierintheday,Ihadpreparedfortheunlikelyeventofaflood.Ithadbeen
rainingheavilythatweek,andauthoritieshadissuedafloodwarning,thoughnotfor
whereIwas.1,I'dplacedsandbagsoutsidemygardendoorjustincase.
AsIwasabouttofallasleepinmybasementbedroom,Isuddenlyheardthe
soundofrushingwater.WhenIswungmylegsoffthebed,Iwas2bythe
sensationofcoldwatertouchingmykneesandrisingfast.
Shakinginthedarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneandturnedonthe3.AsI
steppedoutofmybedroom,waterwasshootingthroughthegapsofthegardendoor.
Thewatermusthavegoneoverthesandbags.Allaroundme,mythingsbegantofloat
(漂)andthewaterwasnowuptomywaist.Ibeganto4andstartedtowalkto
myonly5:thedoorthatleadsupstairs.
Istruggledtothedoorandtriedtopullitopen,butdieforceofthe6
wouldn'tletmedoso.Ilookedaroundandgrabbedabroom(扫帚)floatingbehind
metoopenthedoor.Imanagedtomakeagapofaboutafoot,justwideenoughto
7myselfthrough.
Finally,I8outside.Icamesoclosetodeaththatday.Butratherthan
trappedinthat,Ipreferto9whatmymothertoldmeafterward:"Don't
rememberthedaywhenyoulosteverything.Rememberthedayyou10.”
1.A.InsteadB.StillC.MeanwhileD.Therefore
2.A.amusedB.movedC.shockedD.confused
高三英语试卷第i页(共12页)
3.A.radioB.heaterc.recorderD.flashlight
4.A.panicB.excitec.swimD.return
5.A.trapB.escapec.shelterD.entrance
6.A.airB.sandc.windD.water
7.A.wetB.checkc.forceD.live
8.A.madeitB.forgotitc.beatitD.leftit
9.A.rewardB.refusec.recallD.recreate
10.A.survivedB.changedc.startedD.recovered
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰
当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题
卡指定区域作答。
A
DavyonJohnson,an11-year-oldboy,washonoredbyhiscommunityaftersaving
twolivesinoneday.OnDec.9,achokingstudenttrippedintotheclassroom
11Davyonwas.DavyondidtheHeimlichimmediatelyandsavedhim.Hours
later,onhiswayhome,Davyonspottedahouseonfire.Everybody12(run)
outexceptforanelderlylady.Asthewomanstruggled13(move)usingher
walker,Davyonracedupthestepsandhelpedherescapetheburningbuilding.
B
Catsaresecondonlytodogsasthemostcommonpetsintheworld.14
(compare)withdogs,catsmightseemcold,buttheycanformstrongemotional
bondswiththeirowners.Studieshaveshownthatcat-owningseniorsoftenexhibit
lowerlevelsof15(lonely),anxiety,anddepression.16(own)acat
invitesseveralcosts,forfood,litter,medications,toysandcare.However,catsdo
notneedregularbathing17theyhavehealthproblemsthatmakeitnecessary.
C
Soil18(find)nearlyeverywhere.Anditseemsunlikelythatwewouldever
loseallthesoilonEarth.However,19wemayloseisthedeepandrich
agriculturalsoilbecauseofover-farming,alackofplantcoveroff-seasonanda
collectionofsaltfromwateringandfertilization(施月巴).20propermeasures,some
expertswarn,therecouldbeseriousagriculturalsoilproblemsbeforetheendofthis
century.
高三英语试卷第2页(共12页)
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并
在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Haveyouconsideredcontributingyourskillsandexpertisevirtuallytowards
achievingsustainablehumandevelopmentefforts?ThroughtheOnlineVolunteering
serviceoftheUnitedNationsVolunteers(UNV)programme,youcanconnectwith
UNagencies,governments,publicinstitutionsandcivilsocietyorganizations一from
anydevice,anywhereintheworld.Whileextendingyournetwork,youcanalsoget
first-handpracticalexperience.
Requirements:
•TosignupontheUnifiedVolunteeringPlatformandapplyforOnlineVolunteer
assignments,youmustbeatleast18yearsofage.
・ThereisnoparticularbackgroundrequiredtobecomeanOnlineVolunteer.Each
OnlineVolunteerassignmentisdifferentandhasitsownrequirements,setbythe
hostorganization.
・AsanOnlineVolunteer,youcanonlysupportorganizationsremotelyin
assignmentsupto20hoursperweekforamaximumof12weeksforeach
assignment.
Criteriaandservicerules:
•OnlineVolunteersarenotundercontractwiththeUNVprogrammeortheengaging
organization.
•OnlineVolunteersdonotreceiveanykindoffinancialbenefits.
•ForeachOnlineVolunteeringassignment,amaximumof25OnlineVolunteerscan
beengaged.
Procedures:
•Volunteersfindassignmentsoftheirinterestandapply.
•Organizationsselectthevolunteerstheywanttoengage.
•Volunteersandorganizationsworktogetheronline.
•Volunteersandorganizationsprovidefeedbackontheircooperation.
•Organizationsissueanelectroniccertificateofappreciationtotheirvolunteers.
高三英语试卷第3页(共12页)
21.ThroughtheUNVprogramme,onecan.
A.travelaroundtheworld
B.improvetheirnetworkskills
C.setupcivilsocietyorganizations
D.workonsustainabledevelopment
22.Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?
A.Beingnolessthan18years.
B.Finishing25onlineassignments.
C.Workingatleast20hoursaweek.
D.Havingsomepracticalexperience.
23.WhenworkingintheUNVprogramme,volunteerswill.
A.signacontractwithanorganization
B.findtasksoftheirinterestandapply
C.getapapercertificateofappreciation
D.receivesomekindoffinancialbenefits
B
Uptotheageoften,Ididnotmindatallthefactthatmyeldersisterwas
different.Thechildpsychologisthadtermeditas“AspergerSyndrome”,adisease
thataffectshowapersonsocializeswithothers.
ItwasonlyattheageoftenthatIstartedtobecomeawareofmysociallifeand
self-imagethatIhadcarefullyshaped.Mysister,ontheotherhand,wassocially
awkward.Shewouldmumble(口古哝)toherselfandrepeatthewordsshehadjustsaid
underherbreath.She,however,wasacademicallycapable,andhenceweattended
thesameprimaryschool.Despitethis,Inever,everacknowledgedinpublicthatshe
wasmysister.
Beinginprimarysix,abouttograduate,mysisterandherclassmateshadtoput
upaperformance,whetherinagroup,orindividually.Duetoherinabilityto
integrate,mysisterwastheonlyoneleftwithoutagroup."PHsingJmysistertold
myparents,somewhatconfidently.Hearingthat,1wastakenaback.Howcouldmy
sistersinginfrontoftheschool?Shewouldembarrassme,onewayoranother.
“No!"Irememberprotesting.Myparentsshotmealook.
高三英语试卷第4页(共12页)
Nooneknowssheisyoursister.Itisfine,youdonotneedtotellanyone.I
remembertellingmyselftheseexactlinesasIsatinthehall,waitingforthe
performancestostart.Thecurtainspartedtorevealtheonlysolo(独唱)——mysister.
Ittookaboutawholeminuteforhertostatehernameandclassandbythattime,
whisperswereheardintheaudience.
“Whyisshetakingsolong?”peoplearoundmeasked.Ishiftednervouslyinmy
seat.Finally,mysisterstartedtosing.Iwaspreparedfortheworst.Sheopenedher
mouth,andIwastransfixed一shesangeffortlessly.Hervoicerangthroughthehall,
beautifulinitspower.Ilistenedeversocarefullytothewordsthatshehadcomposed
allbyherself.
Guiltandshamefilledmyheart.AlthoughsheknewthatIwasembairassedby
herandwasunwillingtoattendherconcert,mysisterhadforgivenme;shehadnever
takenanythingthatIhaddonetohertoheart.ItwasthenthatIresolvedtoloveher
unconditionally.
24.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthissistefsdifferencebefore10?
A.Hehardlyacceptedit.B.Hedidn'tcareaboutit.
C.Hewasextremelyawkward.D.Hewasdeterminedtohelp.
25.Whydidtheauthorprotestagainsthissistefsdecision?
A.Tochallengehisparents.B.Tofollowotherstudents.
C.Tokeephissistefsimage.D.Toprotecthisself-respect.
26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'ssister?
A.Shealwaysgotfullmarksinprimaryschool.
B.Sherefusedtoformagroupwithotherstudents.
C.Shegaveanexcellentperformancebeforegraduation.
D.Shedeliveredaninspiringspeechinfrontoftheschool.
27.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromhissister?
A.Takenothingtoheart.B.Lovewithoutcondition.
C.Sticktoone'sownchoice.D.Learnfromanyonearound.
高三英语试卷第5页(共12页)
c
AsbiologistNicolaFosterandhercolleaguesguidedaremote-controlledmonitor
throughthecoralreefs(珊瑚礁)oftheIndianOcean'sChagosArchipelago,theysaw
coralsfullofcolorneai'thesurface.Butnearly300feetbelow,inthedarkerand
colderwatersofwhatoceanographerscalltheutwilightzone,“somecoralshadturned
terriblewhite,leavingthemvulnerable(脆弱的)todiseaseanddeath.
“Itwasn'tsomethingwewereexpectingtosee,“saysFoster,whostudies
deeperwatercoralecosystemscalledmesophoticreefs.Mesophoticreefswouldseemto
beprotectedfromrisingsea-surfacetemperaturesthatwhitenhigher-upcorals.But
tliisteam's2019observationsshowthedeepestinstanceofbleaching(变白)ever
recorded—suggestingsimilarreefsaremorevulnerablethanpreviouslybelieved.
Bleachingoftenhappenswhenwarmingwaterboostscoralstoremovethecolorful
algae(水藻)thatliveintheirtissuesandhelptosustainthem.Althoughsurface
watersweren'ttypicallywarmwhenFosterandherteamtooktheirmeasurements,the
twilightzonewatersneared84degreesFahrenheit(华氏度)一farabovethe68-to75-
degreerangeinwhichmesophoticcoralsareusedto.
TheresearchersrealizedthatbleachingisrelatedtothetimingoftheIndian
OceanDipole.Thisphenomenonshiftstheregion'ssurfacewindsandoceancurrents,
saysstudyco-authorPhilHosegood.Windandwavesshaketheupperocean,keeping
itrelativelywarmanduniformintemperature.Butthe2019dipoledeepenedthis
well-mixedupperlayer;thethermocline(thesliceofoceanthatseparateswarm
upperwatersfromthecolddepths)hadbecomedeeperthannormal.Then,those
coralswereexposedtotemperaturesthatarenormallyfoundatthesurface.
Thisobservationsuggestsmesophoticreefselsewherecouldalsobebleaching.
Fortunately,thecoralsinthisstudyhadlargelyrecoveredtheircolorby2022,Foster
notes.Buteachbleachingstressesthecoralsand,ifextended,canstarvethem.
FutureIndianOceanDipolepatternsarelikelytobemoresevere,Hosegoodsays,
notingthatdatasuggest"thatthesenaturalcyclesarebecomingincreasedwith
climatechange.n
高三英语试卷第6页(共12页)
28.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?
A.Coralsintwilightzonebecomevulnerablebecauseofbleaching.
B.Coralsnormallyfoundatthesurfacewerefoundintwilightzone.
C.Mesophoticreefsaremuchmorevulnerablethanhigher-upreefs.
D.Mesophoticreefsandhigher-upreefsneeddifferenttemperature.
29.Accordingtothepassage,whichgroupofpicturescandescribethechanges
causedbytheIndianOceanDipole?
B.
ThermoclineThermocline
Thennocline
./.如>一寸
MixedLayer
MixedLayerMixedLayer
MixedLayer
DeepWaterDeepWater
DeepWaterDeepWater
C.D.3二
■
Thermocline
DeepWater
30.Regardingthefutureofmesophoticreefs,Hosegoodprobablyfeels・
A.excitedB.womedC.curiousD.hopeful
D
Fordecades,scientiststhoughtofthebrainasthemostcloselyguardedorgan.
Lockedsafelybehindabiologicalbarrier,awayfromthedisorderoftherestofthe
body,itwasbroadlyfreeofdestructionofgenns(病菌)andthebattlesstartedbythe
immunesystem.
Then,20-oddyearsago,someresearchersbegantoaskaquestion:isthebrain
reallysoseparate?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno-and
hasimportanteffectsonbothscienceandhealthcare.
高三英语试卷第7页(共12页)
Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewherein
thebodyislongandgrowing.Changesinthemake-upofthemicroorganismsresident
inthegut(肠道),forexample,havebeenlinkedtodisorderslikeParkinson's
disease.SomeresearchersthinkthatcertaininfectionscouldprovokeAlzheimer's
diseaseandsomecouldleadtoemotionaldisorderinbabies.
Theeffectistwo-way.Thereisalengtheninglistofsymptoms(症状)not
typicallyviewedasdisordersofthenervoussysteminwhichthebrainandtheneural
processesthatconnectittothebodyplayalargepart.Forexample,thedevelopment
ofafeverisinfluencedbyapopulationofneurons(神经元)thatcontrolbody
temperatureandappetite.Theeffectofbrainonbodyisunderlinedbythefindingthat
stimulatingaparticularbrainregioninmicecan'remind'thebodyofprevious
inflammation(炎症)一andreproducethem.
Thesefindingsandothersmarkacompleteshiftinourviewofthe
interconnectednessofbrainandbody,andcouldhelpusbothunderstandandtreat
illness.Ifsomebrainconditionsstartoutsidethebrain,thenperhapscuresforthem
couldalsoreachinfromoutside.Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestive
system,heartorotherorgans,forinstance,wouldbemucheasierandlessstrikingto
givethanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier,thebrain'sfirstlineof
defence.
Intheoppositedirection,theeffectsofouremotionsormoodonourcapacityto
recoverfromillnesscouldalsobeused.Thereisanopeningworkunderwaytesting
whetherstimulatingcertainareasofthebrainthatrespondtorewardandproduce
feelingsofpositivitycouldenhancerecoveiyfromconditionssuchasheartattacks.
Perhapsevenmoreexcitingisthepossibilitythatmakingchangestoourbehaviour-
toreducestress,say-couldhavesimilarbenefits.
Forneuroscientists,it'stimetolookbeyondthebrain.Andclinicianstreating
thebodymustn'tassumethebrainisabovegettinginvolved——itsactivitycouldbe
influencingawiderangeofconditions,frommildinfectionstolong-timefatness.
高三英语试卷第8页(共12页)
31.Theauthorwritesparagraph1mainlyto.
A.evaluateanargument
B.presentanassumption
C.summarizethestructure
D.providethebackground
32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“provoke“meaninParagraph3?
A.Delay.B.Cure.C.Cause.D.Disturb.
33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Treatmentsthatcrossbrain-bloodbarrierarelessused.
B.Previousdiseasescouldcausetheproductionofnewones.
C.Emotionscouldaffectthecapacitytofightagainstdiseases.
D.Treatmentofthebraintakespriorityoverothertreatments.
34.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?
A.
C.
I:IntroductionP:PointSp
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并
在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
高三英语试卷第9页(共12页)
Whenfightingsugardependence,avoidingaddedsugarinthedietiskey,which
soundssimple-right?Itcertainlydoes,butthingsbecomeabitmorecomplicated
onceweintroducealternativesweetenersintothemix.
35Manypeoplethinkthatiftheyreplacethesugarintheirdietwith
alternativesweeteners,they'llbegoodtogo,butthisisn'tnecessarilythecase.
Alternativesweetenersareeveiywhere.36Forexample,Steviaisapopular
sugai、substitute(代替者)becauseitisupto200timessweeterthansugarand
providesfewercalories.Monkfruitisanotherexamplethatisfreefromcalories,
sweeterthantablesugar,andgainedfromthejuiceofmonkfruit.37Sugar
alcoholsprovidefewercaloriesthanregularsugarbecausetheyarenotfullyabsorbed
bythebody.
Nowthatweknowsomeofthecommontypesofalternativesweeteners,let'stake
adeeperdiveintotheproblemwiththem.Researchinanimalshasshownthat
removingcaloriesfromfoodsthattastesweetcaninterrupttheabilitytocontrolenergy
intake.38Ifweconsumehighamountsofalternativesweeteners,itmayheighten
ourpreferenceforsweetness,resultingintheoveruseofsugar-sweetenedfoodsand
drinks.
Theotherinterestingthingaboutalternativesweetenersisthatourbrainsdon't
recognizethemas"fake(假的)”sugar.39Wheneverafoodtastessweet,a
messageissenttothebrainthatcommunicateswearetastingasweetfood-which
canfurtherfeedintothesugardependencecycle.
SowhatdoIrecommend?Inordertofullyputadefiniteencltosugar
dependence,reducingyourintakeofalternativesweetenersshouldbethegoal.
A.Thetasteprofileofalternativesweetenersvaries.
B.Wecan'tforgetabouttheever-so-popularsugaralcohols.
C.Therearecountlessalternativesweetenersonthemarket.
D.Ourbrainsensessomethingsweetandthinksitisrealsugar.
E.Theymayhelpreducethecaloriecontentofgood-tastingfoodsanddrinks.
F.Artificialsweetenersmayalsocauseone'sbodytoprefersweeter-tastingfoods.
G.Alternativesweetenersarereferredtoas“low-calorie”or“no-calorie“sweeteners.
高三英语试卷第10页(共12页)
第三部分书面表达(共两节,32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)
阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域
作答。
Uncertaintyisallaroundus,nevermoresothantoday.Whetheritconcerns
yourhealthorrelationships,muchofwhatliesaheadinliferemainsuncertain.
We'realldifferentinhowmuchuncertaintywecantolerateinlife.Somepeople
seemtoenjoytakingrisksandlivingunpredictablelives,whileothersfindthe
randomnessoflifedeeplyannoying.Butallofushavealimit.Ifyoufeelcontrolled
byuncertaintyandworry,ifsimportanttoknowthatyou'renotalone;manyofusare
inthesameboat.
Tocopewithallthisuncertainty,manyofususeworryingasatoolfortryingto
predictthefutureandavoidunpleasantsurprises.Worryingcanmakeitseemlikeyou
havesomecontroloveruncertaincircumstances.Youmayalsobelievethatitwill
helpyoufindasolutiontoyourproblemsorprepareyoufortheworst.Unfortunately,
long-termworryingjustrobsyouofenjoymentinthepresentandweakensyour
energy.Buttherearehealthierwaystocopewithuncertainty.
Identifyyouruncertaintytrigger(诱发因素).Alotofuncertaintytendstobe
self-generated.However,somecanbegeneratedbyexternalsources,suchasreading
mediastoriesthatfocusonbadnews,orsimplycommunicatingwithanxiousfriends.
Byrecognizingyourtriggers,youcantakeactiontoavoidorreduceyourexposureto
them.
Shiftyourattention.Focusonsolvableworries,takingactiononthoseaspectsof
aproblemthatyoucancontrol,orsimplygobacktowhatyouweredoing.Whenthe
feelingsofuncertaintyreturn,refocusyourmindonthepresentmomentandyourown
breathing.
高三英语试卷第11页(共12页)
40.Howarepeopledifferentintoleratinguncertaintyinlife?
41.Whydomanypeopleuseworryingasatooltodealwithuncertainty?
42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitand
explainwhy.
>Knowingthetriggersofyouruncertainty,youcanlearntoexposeyourself
tothem.
43.Whatareyoumostuncertainaboutrightnow?Howwillyoudealwithit?(In
about40words)
第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件就学生借助
应用程序完成作业的现象与你交流。请你用英文给他回复,内容包括:
1.你的使用情况;
2.你的看法。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
提示词:应用程序app
DearJim,
Yours,
LiHua
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