【学案】2024-2025学年初高中英语衔接语法-八大时态复习学案

（一）一般现在时A.用法1.表示经常发生的事情。Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.我经常步行去上学。2.表示喜好，外貌，能力，性格等。Shedoesn’tlikenoodles.她不喜欢面条。3.表示客观真理或自然现象。Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.太阳总是从东方升起。4.表示按计划，规定要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。常见动词有：begin,start,leave,go,come,arrive,return,stop等Themeetingbeginsatnine.会议九点开始。5.由when,after,before,until引导的时间状语从句，if和unless引导的条件状语从句，常用一般现在时表将来。Wewillgoforapicnicifitdoesn’traintomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我们会去野餐。B.句子构成1.be动词型肯定句:Iamastudent.我是一个学生。否定句:Iamnotastudent.我不是一个学生。一般疑问句：Areyouastudent?你是一个学生吗？肯定回答：Yes,Iam.否定回答：No,I’mnot.2.实义动词型肯定句：Ieatanappleeveryday.我每天吃一个苹果。否定句：Idon’teatanappleeveryday.我不是每天吃一个苹果。一般疑问句：Doyoueatanappleeveryday?你每天吃一个苹果吗？肯定回答：Yes,Ido.否定回答：No,Idon’t.3.情态动词+动词原形肯定句：HecansingEnglishsongs.他会唱英语歌。否定句：HecannotsingEnglishsongs.他不会唱英语歌。一般疑问句：CanhesingEnglishsongs?他会唱英语歌吗？肯定回答：Yes,hecan.否定回答：No,hecan’t.C.信号词1.频度副词always>usually>often>sometimes>never总是通常经常有时从不2.every...everyday每天everyweek每周3.on...onSundays在周日onweekends在周末4.频率onceaweek一周一次twiceayear一年两次D.动词变单三的规则1.一般情况直接+slike—likes喜欢2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的动词加+eswash—washes洗3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词把y变i,再加esstudy—studies学习特殊记have,do,gohave—has有，吃，喝，玩do—does做go—goes去一般现在时语法练习：1．Andy__________(notbe)alwayslateforschool.2．__________Mandy__________(study)Englishafterschooleveryday?3．Shesometimes_________（eat）withhersisterintherestaurant.4．Mymotherusually________(wash)ourclothesonweekends.5．She________(be)fromtheUK.6．MrsGreen___________(notwash)herclothesonSundays.7．SometimesJim________(eat)dinnerwithhisparentsatShanghai Restaurant.8．She___________(notlike)comicbooks.9．SandyandLucy_______(be)inthesameclass.10．—_________Meimei_____(get)upatsixo’clockinthe morning?—Yes.11．Lucyandherparentsalways________(stay)athomeat weekends.12．Milkandbread__________(be)myfavoritefood.13．He_________(go)toschoolbybikeeverymorning.14．I_______(love)myparents.15．_______he______(have)aneraser?16．She____________(nothave)anymoney.17．Bill_________(like)watchingTV.18．MybrotherTom_______(have)averylovelydog.19．Jeffoften_______(play)computergamesverywell.20．MybrotherNick_______(have)ane-dog.（二）一般过去时A.用法1.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。Maryinvitedmetoherbirthdaypartyyesterday.Mary昨天邀请我去她的生日派对了。2.表示过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。WhenIwasakid,Ioftenswamintheriver.当我还是一个小孩子的时候，我经常在河里游泳。3.usedtodo,过去常常做某事，表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但现在没了。Myfatherusedtogotoworkbycar,butnowheoftengoestoworkonfoot.我爸爸过去常常开车去上班，但是现在他经常步行去。B.句子构成1.be动词型肯定句：Iwasastudenttenyearsago.十年前我是一个学生。否定句：Iwasnotastudenttenyearsago.十年前我不是一个学生。一般疑问句：Wereyouastudenttenyearsago?十年前你是一个学生吗？肯定回答：Yes,Iwas.否定回答：No,Iwasn’t.2.实义动词型肯定句：ShelivedinShanghailastyear.去年她住在上海。否定句：Shedidn’tliveinShanghailastyear.去年她没有住在上海。一般疑问句：DidsheliveinShanghailastyear?去年她住在上海吗？肯定回答：Yes,shedid.否定回答：No,shedidn’t.3.情态动词型+动词原形肯定句：Susancouldplaythepianowhenshewasfour.Susan四岁的时候会弹钢琴。否定句：Susancouldnotplaythepianowhenshewasfour.Susan四岁的时候不会弹钢琴。一般疑问句：CouldSusanplaythepianowhenshewasfour.Susan四岁的时候会弹钢琴吗？肯定回答：Yes,Shecould.否定回答：No,shecouldn't.C.信号词1.yesterday...yesterday昨天yesterdaymorning昨天早上thedaybeforeyesterday前天2.last..lastyear去年lastweek上一周3....ago系列twoyearsago两年前threehoursago三个小时以前4.in+过去年份in2021在2021年in1997在1997年5.when...whenIwas...yearsold当我几岁时whenIwasyoung当我年轻的时候6.其他短语inthepast在过去justnow刚才theotherday几天前attheageof...在几岁时onceuponatime从前oneday有一天D.动词变过去式的规则变化1.一般情况直接+edlook—looked看起来2.以不发音的e结尾直接+dlive—lived居住3.以辅元辅结构结尾双写最后一个辅音字母+edstop—stopped停止4.以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i,再加+edstudy—studied学习一般过去时语法填空练习。1.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.2.We_________tozooyesterday.(go)3.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?4.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.5.Weall_________(have)agoodtimelastnight.6.He_________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.7.Shelikes_________newspapers,butshe_________abookyesterday.(read)8.Jim’smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.9.It____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.Mr.White___(go)tohisofficebycar.10.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.11.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.12.Whyhaveyoukeptme__________hereforsolongatime?(wait)13.She__________totheGreatWallseveraltimes.(goes)14.Inhisletter,hesaidthathe__________usverymuch.(miss)15.Theyall_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.16.She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.17.Greatchanges__________inourcountrysince1978.(takeplace)18.I__________mydaughtersincelastmonth.(hearfrom)19.It__________metwodaystowritethearticle.(花费)20.We__________footballwhenitbegantorain.Wehadtostopandgohome.(play)（三）现在进行时A.用法1.表示说话时正在发生的事情。Look!Sheissleeping.看，她正在睡觉。2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作，常与thesedays（这些天）thisweek（这周）等连用。Steveniswritinganovelthesedays.Steven最近这些天在写一本小说。3.表示渐变的过程，常见动词有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go等。Theleavesareturninggreen.树叶正在变绿。4.表示反复发生的动作，与always,forever连用，表示说话人的感情色彩。Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。5.表示人的内心感受，态度，愿望的动词，感官系动词等不用于进行时。如：like,hope,hate,know,wish,mind,decide，smell等。Heloveshismotherverymuch.他非常爱他的妈妈。注意：feel可以表达一时的感受，用于进行时。Iamnotfeelingwelltoday.我今天感觉不太舒服。B.句子构成1.主语+be+动词ing+其他be动词：am,is,arebe动词使用规则：I用am,you用are,is连着他he，她she，它it单数(不可数)is,复数are肯定句：Sheisdoinghomeworknow.否定句：Sheisnotdoinghomeworknow.一般疑问句：Isshedoinghomeworknow?肯定回答：Yes,sheis.否定回答：No,sheisn’t.C.信号词1.now现在4.listen听（句首）2.atthemoment现在，此时此刻5.thesedays这些天3.look看（句首）6.Bequiet保持安静D.动词变ing的规则变化直1.一般情况直接+ingread—reading读do—doing做去2.以不发音e结尾去e,+ingwrite—writing写see—seeing看双3.以辅元辅结构结尾双写最后一个辅音，再+ingrun—running跑swim—swimming游泳改4.ie结尾的ie改为y，再+ingdie—dying死lie—lying躺现在进行时语法填空练习。1.-Whatareyoudoing?—I'm________(read)books.2.-What'sPeterdoing?-He's________(wash)hisdirtysocks.3.-Where'syourmother,Anna?-Sheis________(make)lunchinthekitchen.4.Look!SamandTomare________(run)there.5.TheBrownsare________(eat)dinnernow.6.-Whereisyourfather?-He________________(work)onthecomputerinthestudy（书房）.7.Listen!They________________(sing)intheroom.8.NowDave________________(watch)afootballgameonTV.9.Thestudents________________(speak)tothenewteacher.10.Don`tmakenoise.Thechildren________________(study)online.（四）过去进行时A.用法1.表示过去某一个时间正在发生的事情。Iwasplayingfootballatthreeyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午三点我正在踢足球。2.表示过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。Iwascleaningtheroomthewholemorning.整个上午我都在打扫房间。3.表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。Iwasreadingabookwhenshecamein.她进来的时候我正在看书。IwaswatchingTVwhilemymotherwascooking.我妈妈做饭的时候我正在看电视。B.句子构成1.主语+was/were+动词ing+其他肯定句：Wewereplayingbasketballatfiveyesterday.昨天下午五点我们在打篮球。否定句：Wewerenotplayingbasketballatfiveyesterday.昨天下午五点我们没有打篮球。一般疑问句：Wereyouplayingbasketballatfiveyesterday?昨天下午五点你们在打篮球吗？肯定回答：Yes,wewere.否定回答：No,weweren’t.是的，我们在打不，我们没打C.信号词1.atthattime那时5.while引导的从句2.then那时6.when引导的从句3.atthatmoment那时7.atthreeyesterdayafternoon昨天下午3点4.thewholemorning整个上午8.from7to9yesterday昨天从7点到9点过去进行时语法练习。—Whendidyouloseyourpurse?—I’mnotsure.MaybeyesterdayafternoonwhenI__________(run)aftermypet.—Whatwasthenoisethewholemorning?—Oh,theZhangfamilyupstairs__________(decorate)theirflat.Thetwins__________(quarrel)atthistimeyesterday.Nobodyknewwhentheystopped.—Didyouwatchthefootballmatchlastnight?—No.I__________(study)fortheexamsatthattime.Lastweek,I__________myleganditstill__________now.(hurt)Mymotherwascookingwhilemyfather__________9read)anewspaperathomeyesterday.—__________thegirl__________(take)themedicineatthemoment?—Yes,sheis.Theearthquake__________(start)whileI__________(do)somereadinginthestudy.Isawthesmallgirlfalloverand__________(hit)herhand.She__________(write)aletterwhenI__________(come)in.（五）一般将来时A.用法1.表示将来要发生的事情。（will/shall+动词原形）TheywillleaveforBeijingnextweek.他们下周要去北京。2.表示计划，打算做某事，表示已决定并且很可能发生的事，表示根据迹象要发生。（begoingto+动词原形）Lookatthedarkclouds.It’sgoingtorain.看这些乌云，要下雨了。3.表示即将发生的动作。（beto+动词原形）AliceandJimmyaretobemarriedinOctober.Alice和Jimmy将在十月份结婚。4.表示即将发生，不与具体时间状语连用。（beaboutto+动词原形）Thetrainisabouttostart.火车要开了。5.现在进行时表示将来。（be+动词ing），常见动词有：go，come，leave,start,begin,arrive,fly,runThebusiscoming.公交车就要来了。WeareleavingforShanghai.我们就要去上海了。6.用一般现在时表示将来的情况。a.表示按规定或时刻表将要发生的事情。b.在if,assoonas,until,when等引导的从句中，用现在时表将来(主将从现)Ourplanetakesoffat8:30.我们的飞机8:30起飞。Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillhaveabasketballmatch.如果明天不下雨，我们将举行一场篮球比赛。B.句子构成1.主语+begoingto+动词原形肯定句：Heisgoingtobeadoctor.他想当一名医生。否定句：Heisnotgoingtobeadoctor.他不想当一名医生。一般疑问句：Ishegoingtobeadoctor?他想当一名医生吗？肯定回答：Yes,heis.否定回答：No,heisn’t.2.主语+will/shall+动词原形肯定句：Iwillgofishingtomorrow.明天我要去钓鱼。否定句：Iwillnotgofishingtomorrow.明天我不去钓鱼。一般疑问句：Willyougofishingtomorrow?明天你要去钓鱼吗？肯定回答：Yes,Iwill.否定回答：No,Iwon’t.注意：will可以用于各种人称，shall多用在第一人称（I,we)的后面。Therebe句型的一般将来时1.Thereisgoingtobe...Thereisgoingtobeabasketballmatchnextweek.下周有一场篮球比赛。2.Therearegoingtobe...Therearegoingtobetwomeetingsthisafternoon.今天下午有两个会议。3.Therewillbe....Therewillbeabasketballmatchnextweek.下周有一场篮球比赛。⚠️Therebe句型不能与have/has连用Thereisgoingtohaveameeting.C.信号词1.tomorrow...tomorrowmorning明天早上thedayaftertomorrow后天2.next...nextweek下周nextyear明年3.in+一段时间intenyears十年以后intwominutes两分钟后4.in+未来年份in2030在2030年5.this...thisafternoon今天下午thisevening=tonight今晚6.短语soon很快inthefuture将来一般将来时语法填空练习。There(be)abasketballgameinourschoolthiscomingweekend.2.Wedidbadlyinthegamethistime,butwe(try)ourbestnexttime.3．Thefridgeisemptynow.Jack(fill)itwithallkindsoffoodtomorrow,isn’the?4．—It’sabout9o’clock.DoyouthinkDaniel(arrive)herelate?—No,thetrainisusuallyontime.Bepatient!5．Ibelievewe(make)ourChinaDreamcometrueearlierifallofuspulltogether.6．It’sapitythathe(notattend)mybirthdaypartythiscomingSaturday.7．DoyoumindifIturntheTVoff?I(make)along-distancecallandit’shardtoheariftheTVison.8．—Who(speak)attomorrow’smeeting?—IthinkMr.Liis.9．Hehopesthathe(win)thefirstprizeinthecomingfootballfinal.10．I（take）upanewhobbynextyear.（六）现在完成时A.用法1.表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响。Ihavedonemyhomework.我已经写完作业了。2.过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在，未来有可能继续发生。Mr.YanghastaughtEnglishfor20years.张老师已经教了20年英语了。B.句子构成主语+have/has+动词过去分词肯定句：Hehasdonehishomework.他已经写完作业了。否定句：Hehasnotdonehishomework.他还没有写完作业。一般疑问句：Hashedonehishomework.他已经写完作业了吗？肯定回答：Yes,hehas.否定回答：No,hehasn’t.C.信号词1.already已经7.uptonow到目前为止2.yet已经，还8.sofar到目前为止3.just刚才9.recently/lately最近4.ever曾经10.for+一段时间5.never从不11.since自从6.before以前12.inthepasttwoyears在过去的两年现在完成时三大谜团1.havegoneto已经去某地（没有回来）2.havebeento曾经去过某地（已经回来）3.havebeenin在某地待了一段时间HehasalreadygonetoTibet.他已经去西藏了。HehasbeentoTibetthreetimes.他已经去西藏三次了。HehasbeeninTibetforthreeyears.他已经在西藏三年了。Since与for的区别1.forfor+一段时间2.sincesince+时间点，since+...ago,since+一般过去时的句子HehasbeenBeijingfor10years.他已经在北京10年了。HehaslivedinBeijingsince2010.自从2010年开始，他就住在北京了。HehaslivedinBeijingsincetenyearsago.自从10年前开始，他就住在北京了。HehaslivedinBeijingsincehewastenyearsold.自从10岁开始，他就住在北京了。拓展：非延续性动词与延续性动词延续性动词和非延续性动词都可以用在现在完成时。非延续性动词不能与一段时间连用，延续性动词可以。非延续性动词延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词buyhavecomebehereborrowkeepgobethereopenbeopenfinishoverclosebecloseddiebedeadbeginbeoncatchacoldhaveacoldstartbeonputonweargetupbeupwakeupbeawakefallasleepbeasleeplosenothavejoinbeinleavebeawayarrivebereachbe误：Ihaveboughtthisbookfortwodays.正：Ihavehadthisbookfortwodays.这本书我已经买了两天了。如何区分一般过去时与现在完成时?一般过去时：过去发生的事情，常与具体的表示过去的时间连用，如：yesterday,lastweek等一般过去时：过去发生的事情，常与具体的表示过去的时间连用，如：yesterday,lastweek等现在完成时：强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响，常与模糊的时间词连用，如：recently,sofar等现在完成时语法填空练习。1.I____

already

____

(see)

the

film.

I

________

(see)

it

last

week.

2.

_____

he

____

(finish)

his

work

today?

Not

yet.

3.

My

father

____

just

____

(come)

back

from

work.

He

is

tired

now.

4.

——Where’s

Li

Ming

?

——He

__________

(go)

to

the

teacher’s

office.

5.

I

__________

(work)

here

since

I

______

(move)

here

in

1999.

6.

So

far

I

_______________(make)

quite

a

few

friends

here.

7.

How

long

________

the

Wangs

______________(stay)

here

?

For

two

weeks.

8.

I

________

just

___________

(finish)

my

homework.

9.

He

________

(go)

to

school

on

foot

every

day.

10.____

you

______

(find)

your

science

book

yet?

（七）过去完成时A.用法1.表示过去发生的两件事情，后发生的事情用一般过去时，先发生的那件事要用过去完成时（过去的过去）IhadreadEnglishbeforeIatebreakfast.吃早饭之前我已经读过英语了。2.表示某一动作，在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间，并有可能继续延续下去。Ihadlearned1,000wordsbytheendoflastyear.到去年年底，我已经学会了1,000个单词了。B.句子构成主语+had+动词过去分词+...肯定句：IhadstayedinAmericafortwoyearswhenhemovedhere.他搬到美国时，我已经在这里两年了。否定句：IhadnotstayedinAmericafortwoyearswhenhemovedhere.他搬到美国时，我还没有在这里两年。一般疑问句：HadyoustayedinAmericafortwoyearswhenhemovedhere?他搬到美国时，你已经在这里两年了吗？肯定回答：Yes,Ihad.否定回答：No,Ihadn’t.C.信号词1.by+过去时间bytheendoflastyear到去年底2.when,before,after+过去时间before7o’clockyesterday昨天7点之前3.uptill+过去时间uptilllastnight直到昨天晚上拓展：现在完成时与过去完成时的区别现在完成时：强调对现在的影响。过去完成时：强调对过去的影响。IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.（到现在为止）我去过北京三次了。IhadbeentoBeijingthreetimesbytheendoflastyear.（到去年底为止）到去年年底，我已经去过北京三次了。过去完成时语法填空练习。1.We_____________(paint)thehousebeforewe______________(move)in.2.Thatricholdman_____________(make)awillbeforehe_____________(die).3.They_____________(study)themapofthecountrybeforethey________(leave).4.Therobbers_____________(run)awaybeforethepolicemen_______(arrive).5.I__________(turn)offallthelightsbeforeI____________(go)tobed.6.Paul__________(go)outwithJaneafterhe__________(make)aphonecall.7.Tom__________(say)he___________(read)thebooktwice.8.Ourplan____________(fail)becausewe_____________(make)abadmistake.9.Shetoldmeshe_________________(be)toChongqingthreetimes.10.Hesaidhe_____________already_________(give)thebooktotheteacher.（八）过去将来时A.用法表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。多用于宾语从句或间接引语中。IsaidIwouldwalkmydogthenextday.我说我第二天要去遛狗。B.句子构成1.主语+was/were+goingto+动词原形肯定句：Hewasgoingtoseehisfriendthenextday.他第二天打算去看他的朋友。否定句:Hewasnotgoingtos