2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit6AtonewithnatureSectionⅡUsinglanguage课时检测含解析外研版必修第一册

PAGEPAGE7UsinglanguageⅠ.阅读理解AAstudyhasfoundthatwarmerwatersoffNorthAmerica'sWestCoastcausedmanykindsofsealifetomovefarthernorththaneverbefore.ThestudywasaprojectofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.ThescientistsexaminedwatersoffthecoastofNorthernCaliforniaintheeasternPacificOcean.Theresearcherssaytheyrecognizedalocalof67species(物种)between2014and2016,duringwhatwasdescribedasa“marineheatwave”．Marineheatwaveswereexplainedinthestudyas“aperiodofextremeseasurfacetemperatureslastingfordaystomonths”．The2014－2016heatwaveisthoughttobethelargesteverrecorded.ThewarmwaterlatermovedsouthwardtowardCalifornia.ThewarmerwaterswerepartlyaproductofElNiñoconditionsduringthesameperiod,researchersnoted.ElNiñodevelopswhenwindsoffthecoastofSouthAmericaweaken.ThisenablesthewarmwaterinthewesternPacifictomoveeastward.ElNiñooftencausesoceantemperaturesintheareatorisebetween2to4degreesCelsius,thestudyfound.Theresearchersreportedthat37ofthe67speciestheystudiedhadneverbeforebeenobservedsofarnorthasCalifornia.Thesecreaturesarenativetoanareahundredsofkilometerstothesouth,mainlyaroundBajaCaliforniainMexico.AfewwereevenfoundnorthofCalifornia,offthestateofOregon.Thenorthwardtravelofsomanydifferentseacreatureswasconsidered“unprecedented”(史无前例的)bytheresearchers.Amongthespeciesfoundinthestudywereameat­eatingseaslugthathuntsotherseaslugs,aseasnail“butterfly”andapurple­linedjellyfish.Anotherunexpectedvisitorwasthepelagicredcrab,whichresearcherssaidhadonlybeenfoundinareasoffthecoastofMexico.Scientistsinvolvedinthestudybelievethefindingscanprovidevaluableinformationforknowingfuturesealifereactionstowarmingoceans.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋热浪致美国大量海洋生物异样北迁。1．Whatisamarineheatwaveaccordingtothepassage?A．Anoceanwiththeroughsurface.B．Awavewithlowtemperatures.C．Aperiodofwarmeroceansurfacewater.D．Aspecieslivinginextremeweather.解析：选C细微环节理解题。由其次段中的Marineheatwaveswereexplainedinthestudyas“aperiodofextremeseasurfacetemperatureslastingfordaystomonths”．可知，海洋热浪是一个海洋表层水变暖的时期。2．WhatcontributestoElNiñoconditions?A．Warmerwaters.B．WeakenedwindsoffSouthAmerica.C．Thecolderseasurface.D．Speciesmovingnorthward.解析：选B细微环节理解题。由第三段中的ElNiñodevelopswhenwindsoffthecoastofSouthAmericaweaken.可知，南美洲减弱的风促使了厄尔尼诺现象的产生。3．Whydoestheauthormentionthemeat­eatingseasluginParagraph4?A．Topointoutthatoceanenvironmentbecomesworse.B．Tosuggestthatseacreaturesneedseparatelivingspace.C．Toprovethatmanykindsofsealifecanadapttowarmerwaters.D．ToevidencethatoceantemperaturesalongCaliforniaarehigherthanbefore.解析：选D推理推断题。由第四段内容可知，全部探讨的67个物种中，有37个在加利福尼亚州北部从未被视察，这是因为加利福尼亚州沿岸的海洋温度比以前高。作者在第四段中提到了食肉海蛞蝓就是为了证明加利福尼亚州沿岸的海洋温度比以前高了。4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Theheatwavesdisturbthelifeofmanyseacreatures.B．Theincreasedtemperaturebenefitsmanyseacreatures.C．Sealifereactionscanbevaluabletopredictfutureheatwaves.D．Theheatwavescausemanyunexpectedvisitorstomovesouthward.解析：选A推理推断题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，海洋热浪导致美国大量海洋生物异样北迁，这是一种被迫性地迁移。依据海洋生物的被迫迁移可以推断出，热浪扰乱了很多海洋生物的生活。BPlasticsremainoneofthemost­usedmaterialsformakingmanythings.Thingsmadeofplasticscanbeverystrongandlastalongtime.Plasticsarealsomuchlighterthanmetalandcaneasilybeformedintodifferentshapes.Plasticscantakehundredsofyearstobreakdownontheirown.Andveryfewkindsarehighlyrecyclable.AteamofresearchersworkingattheUSDepartmentofEnergysaysithascreatedakindofplasticthatcouldleadtoproductsthatare100percentrecyclable.ItrecentlyreportedthediscoveryinastudyinthejournalNatureChemistry.Theresearcherssaythenewmaterialisaplasticpolymer(聚合体)calledpolydiketoenamine,orPDK.Theteamreportsthematerialcanbebrokendowninpartsatthemolecular(分子的)level.Itcanthenbebuiltupagaintoformplasticsofdifferentshapes,texturesandcolors.Theresearcherssaythisprocesscanberepeatedoverandoveragain—withouttheplasticmateriallosinganyperformanceorquality.“Mostplasticswerenevermadetoberecycled,”leadresearcherPeterChristensensaidinastatement.“Butwehavediscoveredanewwaytoassembleplasticsthattakesrecyclingintoconsiderationfromamolecularperspective.”Manyplasticshavedifferentchemicalsaddedtothemtomakethemmoreusefulandpowerful.Theproblemisthatthesechemicalsattachtothemonomers(单体)，whichremaininplasticsevenafterthematerialgetsprocessedatarecyclingplant.Theresearchteamreportedthat,withthenewlydiscoveredPDKmaterial,themonomerscouldberecoveredandseparatedfromanychemicaladditives.Next,theresearchersplantodevelopPDKplastics“withawiderangeofthermalandmechanicalproperties”．Theseplasticscouldbeusedformanykindsofcloth,aswellasthingssuchas3Dprintedmaterialsandfoams.Inaddition,theteamistryingtoincludeplant­basedmaterialsintheprocess.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个探讨团队正在探讨一种新型的塑料，这种塑料更简单降解，更耐用且可以循环利用。5．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Plasticsareneverhighlyrecyclable.B．Plasticsarewidelyusedinourlives.C．Plasticshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.D．Plasticstakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.解析：选C段落大意题。依据文章第一段的Thingsmadeofplasticscanbeverystrongandlastalongtime...Andveryfewkindsarehighlyrecyclable.可知，塑料牢固耐用，更易成型；须要上百年才能降解，且几乎不能循环利用；所以本段既讲了塑料的优点也讲了缺点。故选C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto?A．Thenewmaterial.B．Theresearchteam.C．Themolecularlevel.D．Theproducingprocess.解析：选A词义揣测题。依据前句Theteamreportsthematerialcanbebrokendowninpartsatthemolecular(分子的)level.和画线词后面的canthenbebuiltupagaintoformplasticsofdifferentshapes,texturesandcolors可知，it指代的是前文提到的新材料，尤其从canbe和canthenbe这两个并列句可以推出前后讲的是同物。故选A。7．Whydomanyplasticshavedifferentchemicalsaddedtothem?A．Tomakethemeasytobreakdown.B．Tomakethemeasytogetprocessed.C．Tomakeitpossibleforthemtoberecycled.D．Tomakethemstrongerandmorewidelyused.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据文章倒数其次段的Manyplasticshavedifferentchemicalsaddedtothemtomakethemmoreusefulandpowerful.可知，加入其它化学物质的目的是让塑料更有用，更耐用。故选D。8．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．PDKplasticswillbesoonputtogooduse.B．PDKplasticsmayhaveapromisingprospect.C．TheresearchersarebusydevelopingPDKplastics.D．Plant­basedmaterialshavebeenusedinthenewplastics.解析：选B推理推断题。依据文章最终一段的Theseplasticscouldbeusedformanykindsofcloth,aswellasthingssuchas3Dprintedmaterialsandfoams.可知，这种新型塑料在将来可以被用在很多领域，例如布料，3D打印和泡沫。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond1.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof2therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething3happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe4itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.5，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He6thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe7.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek8duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe9departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand10anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.11youngplantsinthedryseasonwas12foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe13ofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto14rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.Molai15toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally­grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了一个印度男孩几十年如一日在所在的村庄周边的荒岛上植树造林，最终把荒岛变成了多种动植物生长的家园的故事。1．A.dream B．jobC．home D．choice解析：选C依据第一句可知小村庄是他的家，那么后文提到的wetlands就是他的其次个家了。故选C。2．A.nature B．youthC．culture D．knowledge解析：选A依据下文他植树造林爱护动植物可推知，他深知自然的价值。故选A。3．A.precious B．interestingC．disturbing D．awkward解析：选C依据下一句“洪水侵袭了这一地区，迫使很多鸟类离开，蛇的数量也在削减”可知，不好的事情发生了。disturbing“令人担心的”，符合语境。故选C。4．A.waste B．tensionC．pain D．damage解析：选D分析句子结构可知itcaused为定语从句且it指的是flood。结合句意可知，此处是指洪水带来的损害导致鸟类离开此地，causedamage造成损害，为习惯搭配。故选D。5．A.Besides B．HoweverC．Therefore D．Otherwise解析：选A由前一句“鸟类飞走了”和后一句“蛇的数量也削减了”可知，两句都是洪水的危害。however和otherwise表示转折关系，therefore表示因果关系，besides表示递进关系。故选A。6．A.agreed B．realizedC．remembered D．predicted解析：选B结合空后宾语从句的内容可知，这是他分析后得出的结论。故选B。7．A.noise B．heatC．disease D．dust解析：选B结合本句中的weren'tenoughtrees和下一句中的duringthedaytime可推知，树木用来遮荫，爱护这些动物免受太阳照耀的热量。故选B。8．A.directions B．partnersC．help D．shelter解析：选D依据常识可知，树木在炙热的阳光下可以为动物供应遮挡。故选D。9．A.labor B．policeC．forest D．finance解析：选C依据上下文可知，要解决问题就得种树，他自然会向林业相关部门寻求帮助。故选C。10．A.rebuilt B．discoveredC．left D．managed解析：选B依据空后的内容anearbyisland可知，他找到一个小岛。故选B。11．A.Decorating B．ObservingC．Watering D．Guarding解析：选C结合下文的内容可知，本段讲的是树木的浇灌问题。故选C。12．A.tough B．illegalC．fantastic D．beneficial解析：选A结合句意“在干旱季节给树苗浇水对于一个男孩来说是很……”和下文他所做的努力可知应当是很“困难的”。故选A。13．A.back B．topC．foot D．side解析：选B结合下一句中的ontheplantsbelow可推知，在树的上方他建了一个小装置。故选B。14．A.cooldown B．keepoffC．purify D．collect解析：选D结合下一句“雨水会从上方的装置中滴下去给树浇水”可知，这种装置是为了收集雨水。故选D。15．A.returned B．learnedC．failed D．continued解析：选D依据时间状语forthenext37years可知，他接着做这样的事情很长时间，故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AsmalltowninEnglandisteachingtheworldthatitisimportant1(grow)yourownfood.Anyopenspace2(use)togrowfruitandvegetables.Thereareapples,pears,peaches,strawberries,cabbagesandcarrots,hereandthere.Everyonecanpickthem3free.Eightyearsago,awomannamedPaminTodmordendugupherrosegarden.Sheplantedvegetables,knockeddownthegardenwallsandputupasign4(say),“Helpyourself？”Today,Pamhas5(complete)changedthetown.Anewtownhasbeenborn,6iscalled“IncredibleEdibleTodmorden”．Pamexplainedwhyshethoughttheideawaspopular.“It'spossibleandpositive.Manypeopleknowwehavetochange,7howwedothat