山东省青岛市黄岛区黄岛二中2025届高三英语模拟检测题四试题含解析

PAGE28-山东省青岛市黄岛区黄岛二中2025届高三英语模拟检测题四试题（含解析）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读一遍。1.Howlongwillthemanhavetowaitforthepostofficetoopen?A.15minutes.B.10minutes.C.20minutes.2.Whatisthemangoingtododuringthesummervacation?A.Gocamping.B.Visithisparents.C.VisithisfriendsinLondon.3.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Complaining.B.Apologizing.C.Arguing.4.Whydidthewomancall?A.ToasktoborrowsomeCDs.B.ToaskwhetherBillcancometotheparty.C.Topassonsomeinformationabouttheparty.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Customerandwaitress.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatisLindafamousfor?A.Painting.B.Traveling.C.Collectingstones.7.Whatistheman’sopinionofLinda’sstones?APriceless.B.Impressive.C.Imaginative.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoesthisdialoguetakeplace?A.Inthepolicestation.B.Atthewoman’shouse.C.Inthestreet.9.Whatdidthewomandowhenthethiefranaway?A.Sheranafterhim.B.Sheshoutedloudly.C.Shecalledthepolice.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whendidthetwospeakerslastmeet?A.Eightmonthsago.B.Twoyearsago.C.Threeyearsago.11.WhatdidthewomandowhenshewasinChina?A.Shewasajournalist.B.Shewasaneditor.C.Shewasacomputerprogrammer.12.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Canada.B.China.C.Britain.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whywouldthemanprefertorentanapartmentneartheelementaryschool?A.Heteachesthere.B.Heoncelivedthere.C.Hissonstudiesthere.14.Whichpricewouldthemanprefer?A.﹩480B.﹩550C.﹩60015.Whichkindofapartmentwouldthemanprefer?A.Anemptyone.B.Onewithfurnitureinit.C.Onewithoutakitchen.16.Whatcanyoulearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanlostthekeystothetwoapartments.B.Themanmighttakealookatthetwoapartments.C.Themanisn’tinterestedineitherofthetwoapartments.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhodesignedtheWhiteHouse?A.GeorgeWashington.B.JohnAdams.C.JamesHoban.18.WhowerethefirstpeopletoliveintheWhiteHouse?A.JohnAdamsandhiswife.B.GeorgeWashingtonandhiswife.C.ThethirdpresidentoftheUSandhiswife.19.HowmanyroomsdoestheWhiteHousehave?A.123B.132C.23220.What’sthespeakerdescribing?A.ThehistoryoftheWhiteHouse.B.ThestructureoftheWhiteHouse.C.SomepresidentswhohavelivedintheWhiteHouse.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALookingforwork?TutorsWanted:Math/Science/Humanities+TestPrepJobOverview:JOBPOSTED:2daysagoWAGE:$27–30perhourJOBTYPE:ParttimeSCHEDULE:Afternoons,evenings,weekdays,weekendsJobDescription:We’relookingfortutorstojoinusbeforethenextschoolyearstarts.Ouridealcandidate(候选人)willbeabletoassistmiddleandhighschoolstudentswithtestpreparationandacademicworkinmath,scienceand/orthehumanities(人文学科).We’llpayforyourtrainingbeforethisfallandcanalsoofferflexiblesummertutoringopportunities(includingthechancetoteachgroupclasses).OnceourfallsemesterstartsonAug21,we’llhaveevenhigherdemandfortutoringsessionsonSundaysfrom12–8pmaswellasfrom3–9pmMonday–Thursday.Whatweoffer:●Flexiblescheduling.Tutorsworkfrom15to30+hoursperweekdependingonavailabilityandstudentdemand.●FreeSundaydinnersduringtheacademicyear.●Funstaffgatherings.●Healthinsurancereimbursement(医疗保险报销)forstaffworkingover30hoursperweek.●Wearefiveminutes’walkingdistancefromtheMenloParkCaltrainstation.Applicantsmust:●Beabletoshowmastery(精通)ofthesubjectstheytutor.●Bewillingtotutorstudentsthroughthefullacademicyear.Applicationinstructions:●Emailusyourresume.●TelluswhyyouwanttojoinAcademicTrainersanddescribeyourexperienceoftutoringstudents(ifyouhaveany).●Letusknowyourschedulingpreferencesandpotentialstartdate.●Telluswhichofthesubjectsyouareabletotutor–Mathematics,Sciences,Humanities,orForeignLanguage.1.Whichperiodoftimeneedsthemosttutorsduringtheacademicyear?A.Weekdaymornings.B.Sundayafternoonsandevenings.C.Fridayafternoonsandevenings.D.SaturdayandSundaymornings.2.Atutorwhoworksmorethan30hoursperweekcanenjoy______.A.freejobtrainingeverymonthB.freelunchesanddinnersduringtheacademicyearC.healthinsurancereimbursementD.accommodationnearMenloParkCaltrainstation3.Accordingtothetext,theidealcandidate______.A.isgoodatoneormoreacademicsubjectsB.willworkeveryeveningthroughouttheacademicyearC.hastheopportunitytobecomeafull-timetutorD.musthaveprevioustutoringexperience【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。本文对聘请家教的工作性质、要求、条件及申请方式进行了具体的介绍。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Jobdescripion中的“OnceourfallsemesterstartsonAug21,we’llhaveevenhigherdemandfortutoringsessionsonSundaysfrom12–8pmaswellasfrom3–9pmMonday–Thursday”一旦秋季学期在8月21日起先，我们的家教课程将有更高的要求，周日下午从12——8点，以及周一至周四下午从3——9【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Whatweoffer部分中包含的信息“HealthinsHealthinsurancereimbursement(医疗保险报销)forstaffworkingover30hoursperweek.”可知，每周工作时间超过30小时的员工报销医疗保险。故选C。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据Applicantsmust部分中的“Beabletoshowmasteryofthesubjectstheytutor”能精通所辅导科目。分析选项可知A项（擅长一门或多门学科），故选A。【点睛】新闻广告类材料是高考热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式运用简洁，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的实力。既留意特定细微环节的筛选、类比、综合，又留意推理推断题的考查。题目设置相对较易。答题时没有必要弄清每一句话，只要重点理解和题目有关的信息就可以了。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文。宜采纳“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容，略读问题和选项，带着问题阅读。这样在阅读中有重点，有针对性地读，冗余无效的信息可略读甚至是不读。如第2小题，依据题目“Atutorwhoworksmorethan30hoursperweekcanenjoy______.”定位于Whatweoffer部分中包含的信息“HealthinsHealthinsurancereimbursement(医疗保险报销)forstaffworkingover30hoursperweek.”可知，每周工作时间超过30小时的员工报销医疗保险。故选C。BYoushouldseethephoto.I’msittinginreddirt,wearinganuglypurpleT-shirt.Myfaceispinkandmyhairiswetwithsweat.Fliesbuzzaroundmyhead.I’mintheOutbackofAustralia’sNorthwestTerritory,onaschooltripwith20parentsand20kids.Itwasanoddchoiceforaholiday.Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola,notfliesandfrogs.Ilikebeingaloneandquiet,notabusloadofkids.Ilikefreshlywashedsheets,notdirty-lookingblankets.Buthere’sthethingaboutthatphoto:Iamsmiling!ThetripsoundedgoodwhenIsignedup.Guideswouldtakeusintotheheartoftheplace,andIwouldseeanewpartofAustralia,learnaboutlocalcultureandbondwithmyyoungestdaughter.Iwouldalsobondwith40strangers.Ijusthopedtherewouldbegoodcoffee.InDarwinwewereherdedontoabus.Itquicklybecametiresome.ThekidswereloudandIhatemakingsmalltalk.Butlater,whenIlookedoutatthevast,emptyland,Iwassurprisedatandmovedbyitsbeauty.Ourguidetoldusaboutthelandandhisculture.Ifeltfarfromhome.Atanationalpark,weenjoyedanaturalswimminghole.Kidsandparentshadagreattime.Thenwegottotheoutback.ThecabinIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofgeckos(壁虎)andcrickets(蟋蟀),buttoodarktoseethem.Itdidn’tmatter.Thenextninedayswerepacked:waterfalls,lakes,communityvisitsandatriparoundKatharineGorge.Weevensawgiantcrocodilesandbabywallabies.Onourlastnight,awaterpipebroke.Weawoketoamess.Usually,Iwouldhavecomplainedandaskedforarefund,butitjustseemednormaltobedirty.Indeed,itwasimpossibletostayclean.Wewerehikinginreddirt,withtemperaturesof35degrees.Still,IfeltakindofenergyIhadn’texperiencedinyears.Yes,thecoffeewasbad,butIwastoofocusedonkeepingcricketsoffmyface.Ilovethatphotoofmeinthedirt.Ilookmessy,butalsohappy.Sometimes,it’sanotherwayoftraveling.Thereisbeautifulscenery,thereisdirt.Therewasalwayssomeonetotalkto,someonetolaughwith.4.Whatweretheauthor’sprevioustripslike,accordingtothearticle?A.Cheap.B.Adventurous.C.Peacefulandcomfortable.D.Packedwithoutdooractivities.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’stripwithherdaughter?A.Theirjourneywasrelaxingwithouttoomuchsightseeing.B.Theirlivingconditionswerefairlypoorduringthetrip.C.Thesceneryonthetripdisappointedthem.D.Theparentsseemedtoenjoythemselvesmorethanthechildren.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelduringthelaterpartofthetrip?A.Impatient. B.Positive.C.Disappointed. D.Exhausted.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Towarnreaderstochoosetheirtripswisely.B.Tosharethebenefitsoftravelingwithchildren.C.Totellaboutherlatesttripandexplainwhatshelearnedfromit.D.Toshowtheadvantagesofgoingtodifferentplaces.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了作者最近的一次旅行，这次不像她之前的旅行那么宁静、轻松，她学会了享受旅行过程中的快乐并说明她从中学到了什么。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola,notfliesandfrogs.Ilikebeingaloneandquiet,notabusloadofkids.Ilikefreshlywashedsheets,notdirty-lookingblankets.”可知，“我”喜爱坐在泳池边喝可乐，不喜爱苍蝇和青蛙。“我”喜爱一个人宁静，不喜爱一车的孩子。我喜爱刚洗过的床单，而不是脏兮兮的毯子。由此可推知，作者之前的旅行较为宁静、轻松的。故选C项。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第七段其次句“ThecabinIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofgeckos(壁虎)andcrickets(蟋蟀),buttoodarktoseethem.”以及下文可知，“我”和女儿共用的小屋是一个砖砌的牢房，里面满是壁虎和蟋蟀，但是太黑了看不见它们。由此可推知，旅行期间作者和女儿的生活条件相当差。故选B项。6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数第四段其次句“Usually,Iwouldhavecomplainedandaskedforarefund,butitjustseemednormaltobedirty.”和倒数第三段最终一句“Still,IfeltakindofenergyIhadn’texperiencedinyears.”可知，作者在旅行的后期感到乐观。故选B项。【7题详解】推理推断题。通读全文，尤其最终一段内容可知，作者在本文讲解并描述了她最近的一次旅行，这次不像她之前的旅行那么宁静、轻松，学会了享受旅行过程中的快乐并说明她从中学到了什么。故选C项。CEachcountryhasitsownsecrettohappiness.If“pyt”,whichmeans“don’tworryaboutitandstuffhappens”,explainstherelaxedattitudeofDanishpeople,“niksen”willrevealhowDutchpeoplecombat(对抗)stressandburnout(倦怠)inafast-pacedlifestyle.Theterm“niksen”originsfromtheDutchword“niks”,whichrefersto“nothing”.Mindfulness,anotherwelcomesubjecttohelppeoplehaveapeacefulmind.Butunlikemindfulness,niksenisnotaboutconcentratingonthepresentmoment.It’saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation.Inpractice,thismeans“hangingaround,lookingatyoursurroundings,orlisteningtomusicaslongasit’swithoutpurpose,”accordingtoTimeMagazine.Niksensoundscontrary(冲突的)totheadvicewewereallgivenaskids.Nowadays,we’reconstantlytoldtostaybusyandworkharderthaneveryoneelse.Butniksenopposesthatmentality(心态).Itoffersthechanceto“deliciouslydonothing”,asCarolienHamming,acoachatCSRCentrum,anorganizationdevotedtofightingstressandburnoutintheNetherlands,toldTime.Shethinksthatniksenisessential(重要的)tostayinghealthy,sinceit’saformofmentalrelaxationandhealing(治愈).Justasawildanimalliesinwaitfortheirprey(猎物),niksenseemstobeanaturalstateofbeing.Forsomepeople,niksencanmeanmorethanjuststressreduction.It’salsoawaytoimaginenewideasorplans.Asanearlyadopterofniksen,JennyHolden,acommunicationsexpertintheUK,addsittoherdailylunchbreaks.“Within10minutesofdoingnothing–juststaringandlisteningtomyself–myheadbegantoclearandsortoutmyworkandhometo-dolists,”shetoldtheMetroUK.Aboveall,niksenisasuggestionforbalancingworkandrest.AsDutch-bornwriterOglaMeckingwroteinUS-basedWhoollyMagazine,niksenisthe“thoroughenjoymentoflife’spauses”.Everyoneisencouragedtoembraceyourniksenmoments.Theyrevitalize(使复原元气)youandgiveyouthestrengthneededtofaceeverydaychallenges.8.Whatdoesniksenmeans?A.Livinginthemoment.B.Beingfreeanddoingnothing.C.Usingyourwildestimagination.D.Leadingahealthylifestyle.9.Holden’sexampleistoshow_____.A.niksencanshortenthedistancebetweenpeopleB.howniksenimprovesone’smentalhealthC.nikseniscloselyrelatedtostressreductionD.niksenhelpspeoplecomeupwithnewthoughts10.Theunderlinedword“thorough”isclosestinmeaningto_____.A.longB.fullC.unexpectedD.quiet11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AnintroductiontotheDutchlifestyle.B.Suggestionsonhowtobalanceworkandrest.C.Theimportanceofallowingtimetopauselife.D.AnexplanationofsomeDanishwordsaboutlifeattitudes.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.A【解析】本文为说明文。主要介绍了荷兰人在快节奏的生活中对抗压力和倦怠的一种生活方式“niksen”，即逍遥自由地享受生活，什么也不做。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“it'saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation”“niksen”是让你自己什么都不做，让你的大脑没有任何期盼地自由运转；和第三段thismeans“hangingaround,lookingatyoursurroundings,orlisteningtomusicaslongasit’swithoutpurpose,”这意味着“闲逛，四处看看，或者听斩音乐，只要没有目的就行”。由此可知，“niksen”指的是自由而无所事事。分析选项可知，B（Beingfreeanddoingnothing）符合题意，故选B。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据第六段Forsomepeople,niksencanmeanmorethanjuststressreduction.It’salsoawaytoimaginenewideasorplans.JennyHolden,acommunicationsexpertintheUK,addsittoherdailylunchbreaks.“Within10minutesofdoingnothing–juststaringandlisteningtomyself–myheadbegantoclearandsortoutmyworkandhometo-dolists,...”对一些人来说，niksen不仅仅意味着减压。它也是一种想象出新的想法或安排的方式。英国的沟通专家JennyHolden是niksen的早期运用者，她把它加入到自己每天的午餐休息时间。“在无所事事的10分钟内——只是盯着自己，听自己说话——我的头脑起先变得清晰，起先整理我的工作和家庭待办事项。”。由此可推断出，Holden的例子是为了证明niksen有助于人们产生新的想法，故D正确。A选项文章未提及；B和C不是Holden的例子想表达的观点。故选D。【10题详解】揣测词义题。文章多处出现“niksen”的定义，如其次段“it’saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation”可知，“niksen”让你自己什么都不做，让你的大脑不受期盼地自由运转。和第三段thismeans“hangingaround,lookingatyoursurroundings,orlisteningtomusicaslongasit’swithoutpurpose,”这意味着“闲逛，看看四周的环境，或者听音乐，只要没有目的就行”。由此可知，“niksen”指的是自由而无所事事。结合全文可知，niksen就是指让人们的精神达到一种自由放松的状态，完全放空自己，什么也不做。所以第六段划线词所在的句子niksenisthe“thoroughenjoymentoflife’spauses”可知，“niksen”就是完全彻底地享受短暂不工作的生活。故“thorough”即为“完全的，彻底的”。分析选项A.long许久的；B.full完全的；C.unexpected意料之外的；D.quiet宁静的。可知B项符合题意，故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段的“niksen”willrevealhowDutchpeoplecombat(对抗)stressandburnout(倦怠)inafast-pacedlifestyle.和下文内容可推断，文章主要介绍了niksen这一荷兰式的生活方式的特点，及其带给人们的好处。分析选项可知A项（荷兰生活方式介绍）符合题意，故选A。DFriendshipisanimportantpartofhumanlife.Friendscanshareourjoysandourhardships.Wearen’talone.Manydifferentanimalsalsomakefriends.Recently,aBritishresearchteamfinishedaneight-yearstudyofIndo-PacificdolphinsoffthecoastofWesternAustralia.Thesedolphinscanusedifferenttoolstosearchforfood.Theresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtohangoutwithpartnersthatlikethesametool.Otherfactors,likefamilyclosenessorsex,havenoimpactonthisrelationship.“Itsuggeststhatdolphinsformsocialbonds(纽带)basedonsharedinterests,”UKbiologistSimonAllentoldScienceDaily.“Usingdifferenttoolsistime-consuming(耗时间的)”fordolphinstocooperate.Apartfromdolphins,elephants,horsesandbatsarealsoknowntoformfriendships.Arefriendshipsonlylimitedtothesamespecies?Ofcoursenot,TheAtlanticreported.In2024,agoatTimurwasoriginallyleftinthetigerAmur’senclosure(围场)asameal.ButinsteadofeatingTimur,Amurlikestoplaywithitandgetsjealouswhenothersareclosetohisfriend.TheAtlanticsaidit’snotunusualamongcaptive(圈禁的)animals.That’sbecauseincaptivity,animalsdon’tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirterritory(领地)orlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.“Inthisparticularsituation,theanimal’smotivationtoengage(参加)sociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.”Moreinterestingly,animalsnotonlymakefriendsbutalsotrytokeeplastingfriendships.Takebatsforexample.In2011,scientistsfoundbatsprefertohangoutwithafewcertainfriends,keepingloosetiestotherestoftheirgroup.Humansaren’tsodifferent.“Wedonotwork,playandlivetogetherwiththesamefriendsallthetime,”SwisszoologistGeraldKerthexplained.“Butnevertheless,weareabletomaintainlong-termrelationships…despiteouroftenhighlydynamic(动态的)sociallives.”12.WhatdidtherecentBritishresearchfindaboutdolphins?A.Theyformfriendshipsbasedonfamilycloseness.B.Theyarelikelytomakefriendsbasedoninterests.C.Theyarebetteratbuildingfriendshipsthanotheranimals.D.Theyformagrouptohuntfoodtogether.13.What’sthemainpurposeofParagraph6?A.Toshowhowdifferentspeciesgetalongwitheachother.B.Toprovecaptiveanimalsarefriendlierthanothers.C.Toexplainwhycaptiveanimalscanformfriendships.D.Tocomparethedifferencebetweenatigerandagoat’sfriendship.14.WhatcanweinferfromGeraldKerth’swords?A.Animalsliketohangoutwithdifferentfriends.B.Animalsmightfeelboredwithfriendsofthesamespecies.C.Humansarebetteratkeepinglong-termbondsthananimals.D.Humansandanimalsmakeandmaintainfriendshipsinsimilarways.15.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtobuildstrongtieswithyourfriends.B.Howanimalsformandkeepfriendship.C.Theimportanceoffriendshipforanimals.D.Thedifferentwayshumansandanimalssocialize.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了动物如何交挚友。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Theresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtohangoutwithpartnersthatlikethesametool”探讨人员发觉，这些海豚更情愿和喜爱相同工具的伙伴一起玩。以及第三段“Itsuggeststhatdolphinsformsocialbonds(纽带)basedonsharedinterests,”这表明海豚在共同爱好的基础上形成了社会关系。由此可推断出海豚交挚友很可能是以爱好为基础的。故选B。【13题详解】推理推断题。文章的第五段讲的是一项好玩的发觉，老虎和山羊在围场的时候，老虎没有吃掉山羊，反而一起玩耍了起来，形成了友情。第六段中的TheAtlanticsaidit’snotunusualamongcaptive(圈禁的)animals.That’sbecauseincaptivity,animalsdon’tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirterritory(领地)orlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.“Inthisparticularsituation,theanimal’smotivationtoengage(参加)sociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.”《大西洋月刊》说这在圈养动物中并不罕见。因为被囚禁的动物不须要花太多的时间和精力争夺领地或不会像在野外那样花太多的时间找寻伴侣。他们事实上更简洁感到无聊。“在这种特殊状况下,动物的动机是参加到社交中，或许更情愿玩而不是吃。”由此可知，第6段是对第五段的圈养动物中的友情这种现象背后缘由的说明，尤其是“That’sbecause”。由此可推断出第六段是说明为什么圈养动物可以建立友情。故选C。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据前文内容以及最终一段Humansaren’tsodifferent.“Wedonotwork,playandlivetogetherwiththesamefriendsallthetime,”SwisszoologistGeraldKerthexplained.“Butnevertheless,weareabletomaintainlong-termrelationships…despiteouroftenhighlydynamic(动态的)sociallives.”人类与动物也没有那么多不同。瑞士动物学家杰拉尔德·克思说明说：“我们不总是和同一个挚友一起工作、玩耍和生活。”GeraldKerth说，“尽管如此，我们还是能够保持长期的关系……尽管我们的社会生活常常充溢活力。”可知，从GeraldKerth的话中可推断出，动物与人一样都喜爱交挚友，且都情愿维持长期的友情。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段最终一句“Manydifferentanimalsalsomakefriends.”很多不同的动物也交挚友。接着下文主要介绍了动物如何交挚友，以及动物交挚友背后的缘由。通读本文可知，文章主要介绍了动物如何交挚友，故B项正确。故选B。【点睛】每一篇文章都会有它的主旨大意。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章的要点，概括全文的中心思想。找出主题句，抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。要留意不是全部的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就须要自己依据文章的细微环节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。如第4小题属于主旨大意题。文章第一段最终一句“Manydifferentanimalsalsomakefriends.”很多不同的动物也交挚友。接着下文主要介绍了动物如何交挚友，以及动物交挚友背后的缘由。通读本文可知，文章主要介绍了动物如何交挚友，故B项正确。故选B。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beforeyoureadthisstory,let’stakealookatasentence:“研表究明，汉字序顺并不定一影阅响读。”____16____Youmightnotrealizeit,butyourbraincanreadandunderstandmostsentences,evenwhenthewordsareinthewrongorder.Thismayhavesomethingtodowithpsychology.Whenwe’refirstlearninghowtoread,wereadwordbyword.____17____Peoplecanreadfivetosixwordsatonetime.Also,asexperiencedreaders,wetakethethingswe’refamiliarwithforgranted.Wedon’tpayasmuchattentiontosmalldetails,suchaswordorder.Therefore,whenwereadthesentenceatthebeginningofthisarticle,thecontentwasfamiliartous.Sowereaditthewaywethinkitshouldbeinourmemory,withallthewordsintherightorder.____18____Weassumethepersonisagirlwithouttakingacloserlook.____19____Readthefollowingsentence:“Thisisbcuseaethehuamnmniddeosnotraederveylteterbyistlef,butthewordasawlohe.”Itisbelievedthathumansrememberthemeaningsofwordsmostlybytheirshapeandlayout(布局),ratherthantheorderoftheletters.____20____Wecannotreadthemasquicklyandefficientlyaswereadnormaltext.A.Thiscanbealsoseeninmanyotherlanguages,suchasEnglish.B.Didyounoticethatsomeofthecharactersinthissentenceareinthewrongorder?C.Insomecases,wordorderchangesthemeaningofthesentencecompletely.D.Butafterwebecomemoreexperienced,wereadinfullphrasesandevensentences.E.However,thesesentencescancauseproblems.F.Thisislikewhenweseeapersonwithlonghair.G.Itismoredifficultforyoungerreaderstounderstandthesesentences.【答案】16.B17.D18.F19.A20.E【解析】文章是一篇说明文。主要叙述了即使在文字依次错误的状况下，我们也能阅读和理解句子及文章的框架。【16题详解】依据空格前...asentence:“研表究明，汉字序顺并不定一影阅响读。”可知，这句句中的汉语的依次是错误的。以及空格后“Youmightnotrealizeit,”或许你没有意识到。由此可推断出空格处是问这个句子的依次不对，你有没有留意到？分析选项可知B项Didyounoticethatsomeofthecharactersinthissentenceareinthewrongorder?（你留意到这句话中有些字的依次不对吗？）符合题意，故选B。【17题详解】依据空格前“Whenwe’refirstlearninghowtoread,wereadwordbyword.”当我们第一次学习阅读时，我们是逐字逐句地阅读。以及空格后“Also,asexperiencedreaders,wetakethethingswe’refamiliarwithforgranted.Wedon’tpayasmuchattentiontosmalldetails,suchaswordorder.”人们一次可以读5到6个单词。而且，作为有阅历的读者，我们把我们熟识的东西视为天经地义。我们不太留意小细微环节，比如词序。可知起先没有阅历，逐字逐句地读，以后有了阅历就能读更多的单词，甚至句子。由此可知D项Butafterwebecomemoreexperienced,wereadinfullphrasesandevensentences.（但当我们变得更有阅历之后，我们会读完整的短语甚至句子）符合题意，故选D。【18题详解】依据空格前“Sowereaditthewaywethinkitshouldbeinourmemory,withallthewordsintherightorder.”我们依据自己认为的存在记忆中应当的方式阅读，把全部的单词按正确的依次排列。由此可推断出我们是按记忆中我们认为的方式去理解的。结合空格后的“Weassumethepersonisagirlwithouttakingacloserlook.”我们没有细致看，就假设这个人是女孩。依据我们记忆中的想法可能依据长头发的应当是女孩。分析选项可知F项Thisislikewhenweseeapersonwithlonghair（就像我们看到一个长头发的人），故选F。【19题详解】依据空格后“Thisisbcuseaethehuamnmniddeosnotraederveylteterbyistlef,butthewordasawlohe.”可知这也是一句不按单词依次写的一句英语。但我们也基本能懂。由此可知，单词或字母依次并不确定影响阅读的状况在其他的语言中也能看到，如英语。分析选项可知A项Thiscanbealsoseeninmanyotherlanguages,suchasEnglish（这在很多其他语言中也可以看到，例如英语）符合题意，故选A。【20题详解】依据空格的“Wecannotreadthemasquicklyandefficientlyaswereadnormaltext.”我们无法像阅读一般文本那样快速有效地阅读它们。可知，这些句子还是会造成问题的。分析选项可知E项However,thesesentencescancauseproblems（然而，这些句子会引起问题）符合题意，故选E。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ring!Ring!Ring!ItwasearlyinthemorningandIknewwhowas___21___asIreachedforthetelephone.Iwasanewsubstituteteacher(代课老师)tryingtoearnenoughmoneyto___22___myfamily.Eachmorning,I___23___foracallthatwouldtakemetoadifferentclassroom.Thelastthreeclasseshadallbeendeterminedto___24___meandseejusthowmuchbadbehaviortheycouldgetawaywith(逃脱惩处).Ihadresponded(应对)bybeing___25___withthestudents.Ididn'treally___26___togotoworkthatmorning,especiallysinceitwasmybirthday.Still,Iansweredthephoneand___27___thejob.MyfamilyneededthemoneyandIcouldn't___28___tobepicky(挑剔的).AsIwasdrivingtowork,I___29___totryhardertobethebestteacherthatIcouldbe.Astheclassstarted,thestudents____30____triedtoseewhattheycouldgetawaywith.Thistime,though,Iwas____31____butfairwiththem.Ididmybesttomakemylessons____32____.Isharedsmiles,praisedtheirefforts,andencouragedthemtoworkhard.Theresultswere____33____.Myunruly(难以驾驭的)classroomsoon____34____.Studentswerelearningandlaughing,andI____35____feltlikeIwasdoingmyjobright.Iwenthomefeeling____36____inmyheartandenjoyedtherestofmybirthdaywithmyfamily.IrememberedsomethingthatIonceread:“Everydayisanewopportunityto____37____again.Everydayisyourbirthday.”Everydayisa____38____forustogetthingsright,toliveourliveswithloveandjoy,andtomakethisworldabetterplace.Don't____39____asingleday.Justtrytobethebestyoucanbe.Neverstop____40____.21.A.bothering B.calling C.knocking D.playing22.A.pay B.impress C.support D.provide23.A.waited B.asked C.looked D.headed24.A.please B.test C.persuade D.surprise25.A.patient B.honest C.satisfied D.angry26.A.want B.need C.choose D.hesitate27.A.refused B.received C.took D.completed28.A.manage B.pretend C.expect D.afford29.A.agreed B.decided C.appeared D.started30.A.intime B.atlast C.atonce D.onceagain31.A.strict B.worried C.mad D.disappointed32.A.clear B.useful C.fun D.difficult33.A.strange B.funny C.important D.amazing34.A.changed B.divided C.returned D.disappeared35.A.again B.even C.finally D.nearly36.A.confused B.happy C.tired D.upset37.A.check B.settle C.discover D.begin38.A.chance B.choice C.risk D.goal39A.spend B.forget C.waste D.save40.A.learning B.trying C.asking D.thinking【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.C36.B37.D38.A39.C40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一名代课老师，每天早上都有一个电话提示作者去哪个教室上课。为了养家糊口，虽然作者对学生们的不良行为感到生气，但依旧坚持上课并尽可能做好，学生们也慢慢改观。这让作者意识到每一天都是让我们做得更好的机会，所以不要奢侈任何一天，尽我们所能做到最好。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道是谁打给我的。A.bothering打搅；B.calling打电话；C.knocking敲门；D.playing玩耍。依据空前的“Ring!Ring!Ring!”可知，我的电话响了，自然是有人给我打电话，故B项正确。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是个新来的代课老师，想挣足够的钱养家糊口。A.pay支付；B.impress留下深刻印象；C.support支持；D.provide供应。依据空后的“myfamily”可知，我想挣钱养家，故C项正确。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会等一个电话，这个电话会告知我去另一个教室。A.waited等待；B.asked要求；C.looked看；D.headed前往。依据上文“我知道是谁打来的电话”可知，每天早晨我都会等一个告知我去哪个教室上课的电话，故A项正确。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终三个班级都是在考验我，看看他们有多少不良行为可以逃脱惩处。A.please使兴奋；B.test考验；C.persuade劝服；D.surprise使惊讶。空后说看看他们有多少不良行为可以逃脱惩处，因此这三个班级是考验我的忍耐力，故B项正确。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的反应是生学生的气。A.patient耐性的；B.honest诚恳的；C.satisfied满足的；D.angry生气的。我是一名新来的代课老师，因此确定会对这些学生的不良行为感到生气，故D项正确。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上我真的不想去上班，特殊是那天是我的生日。A.want想；B.need须要；C.choose选择；D.hesitate迟疑。上文说我对学生们的行为很生气，而且那天还是我生日，所以我真的不想去上班，故A项正确。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是接了电话，去上班了。A.refused拒绝；B.received收到；C.took接受；D.completed完成。尽管那天早晨我真的不想去上班，但我还是接了电话去上班了，故C项正确。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：家里须要我干这份工作挣钱，由不得我挑三拣四。A.manage设法做成；B.pretend假装；C.expect期望；D.afford能够、负担得起。依据空前的“Myfamilyneededthemoney”可知，家里须要我干这份工作挣钱，由不得我挑三拣四，故D项正确。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我确定更加努力，尽我所能成为最好的老师。A.agreed同意；B.decided确定；C.appeared出现；D.started起先。依据空后的“totryhardertobe