高中英语作文训练教案3

中小学1对1课外辅导专家PAGEPAGE1深圳龙文教育民治校区教学研讨部龙文教育学科导学案教师:刘琳学生:范佳茹日期:星期:时段:课题作文的写作技巧学习目标熟练写出行文流畅，高水平的作文学习重点句子和篇章的练习学习方法练习和练笔学习内容与过程NewDiscoveryAhillbillywasvisitingthebigcityforthefirsttime.Enteringanofficebuilding,hesawapudgyolderwomanstepintoasmallroom.Thedoorsclosed,lightsflashed,andafterawhilethedoorslidopenandabeautifulyoungmodelsteppedofftheelevator.Blinkinginamazement,thehillbillydrawled,"Ishouldhavebroughtmywife!"句式多样化是英语作文取得高分的灵丹妙药，请你一定要勤学苦练，掌握这一招。另外，在使用一些修辞方法和英语习语的时候，要注意尽量避免老套的比喻或尽人皆知的习语。Onecarelessmovemaylosethewholegame.——一步不慎，满盘皆输。句子是文章的基本单位。成功的作品是由清晰而合乎语法规则的句子组成的。然而一个好的句子除了能够准确表达作者的意思，还需要简洁生动，这是在考试中获得高分的法宝。一、句子要简洁写作要求精练，因为，简洁的表达能起到更加强调的作用。我们要写出效果好、影响大的文章，就要想方设法1）避免使用空洞、多余的短语；2）避免过多地使用较长的句子结构，如并列句和从属句等；3）避免不必要的重复。请看下面各例：1)Heisamanwhoishonest,whoalwayspayshisjustdebts,andwhoobservesthegoldenrulesinhisdealingswithothers.英语中比较重要的从属概念可用从句的形式表达，其它次要的概念常用词或短语来表达，因为句子比短语显得更重要。过多地使用从句会把次要的与主要的概念混为一谈，削弱句子的重点。该句可改为：Heisanhonestmanwhoalwayspayshisjustdebts,andwhoobservesthegoldenrulesinhisdealingswithothers.2)Myhometownisaquiet,peacefulplace.Itisquietandpeacefulbecauseofthesmallnumberofpeoplelivingthere.有时为了构成平行的句子结构或达到强调的目的，我们会重复使用某些词语。但是，无目的地重复会导致笨拙。所以本句可改为：Myhometownisaquiet,peacefulplacebecauseofthesmallnumberofpeople.二、语言要生动写作时要吸引读者的兴趣，句子就需生动、充满活力。平淡无味的句子会使人生厌，注意力分散。但要写出生动的句子就必须注意做到：1.交错使用长短句长句和短句各有各的特点，各有各的用场。长句结构复杂、容量大，能表达比较复杂的内容，叙事具体、说理严密。短句结构简单、短小精悍、明白易懂。在写作中应当交错使用长句和短句，使句子的长短多样化，增加语言的表现力。请看下面的一段话：Ireturnedtomyroom.Therewasanoteundermydoor.ItwasfromBob.Hesaidhewasinthetownlookingforajob.Hehadn'tfoundanythingyet.Headdedthathewassorrytohavemissedme.这里出现的是一连串的短句，读起来使人感到单调乏味，而且各句之间所固有的逻辑关系没能用句法手段表达出来。为了使文字更为生动，意义更加明确，可做如下改动：WhenIreturnedtomyroom,IfoundanotefromBobunderthedoor.Hesaidhewasinthetownlookingforajob,buthadn’tfoundanythingyet.Headdedthathewassorrytohavemissedme.2.灵活使用多样句式要达到语言的生动性，写作时就要经常地变换句型和句子结构及表达思想的方式。切忌所有的句子都用相同的句型或句子结构，使文章读起来单调乏味。在考虑英语句式的变化时,我们一般从以下几个方面入手:(1)既可以用主动式也可以用被动式,例如:例1：Today,weusemachinesnotonlyinindustrybutinothersectorsofnationaleconomyaswell.Todaymachinesarewidelyusednotonlyinindustrybutinothersectorsofnationaleconomyaswell.例2：Somepeoplebelievethatitwillbepossibleforautomaticmachinestoreplacecompletelyinthefuture.Itisbelievedbysomepeoplethatitwillbepossibleforautomaticmachinestoreplacecompletelyinthefuture.(2)既可以用肯定式也可以用否定式,例如:例1：Ishallgothereunlessitrains.Ishallgothereifitdoesn'train.例2：Theirdailylivesdon’tprovidethemwiththeexerciseneededtokeepthemhealthy.Theirdailylivesfailtoprovidethemwiththeexerciseneededtokeepthemhealthy.(3)某些修饰成分既可以用在句子前面也可以用在后面,还可以用在中间,例如:例1：Withacar,peoplecangetaroundfreely.Peoplecangetaroundfreelywithacar.例2：Infact,speakingisoneofthemostimportantmeansofcommunication.Speakingisinfactoneofthemostimportantmeansofcommunication.(4)既可以是正常语序也可以是倒装语序,例如:例1：AnewtypeofTVsetswasamongtheproductsondisplay.AmongtheproductsondisplaywasanewtypeofTVsets.例1：Wedidnotrealizetheproblemofenergycrisisuntiltheendoflastcentury.Notuntiltheendoflastcenturydidwerealizetheproblemofenergycrisis.(5)既可以用简单句也可以用并列句或者主从复合句,例如:例1：Nowadaysalotofpeopleworkinoffice,spendingmostoftheirtimeindoors.Nowadaysalotofpeopleworkinofficeandtheyspendmostoftheirtimeindoors.例2：Therearemanymeansofgettinginformationandtheyenableustokeepupwithwhatisgoingonintheworld.Therearemanymeansofgettinginformationwhichenableustokeepupwithwhatisgoingonintheworld.例3：Doonesburycartoonssatirizecontemporarypolitics.Thevictimsofpoliticalcorruptionpaynoattention.Theyprefertodemandthatnewspapersnotcarrythestrip.Doonesburycartoonslaughatcontemporarypolitics,butthevictimsofpoliticalcorruptionpaynoattentionandprefertodemandthatnewspapersnotcarrythestrip.例4：Thecampusparkingproblemisgettingworse.Theuniversityisnotbuildinganynewgarages.Thecampusparkingproblemisgettingworsebecausetheuniversityisnotbuildinganynewgarages.Ignoranceisthemotherofimpudence.——无知是鲁莽之源。3.善用形象化语言适当地使用一些修辞手法如比喻、夸张、排比、拟人等能更形象、更深刻地说明事理，增加文章的活力。例如：Inthemorningthedusthunglikefog,andthesunwasasredasripenewblood.(明喻)Hisdaughteristheappleofhiseyes.(暗喻)Anideaspokewithinhim,racingthroughhismind.(拟人)Hisvoicewasloudenoughtowakethedead.(夸张)Manyofusallowourchildrentoeatjunk,watchjunk,listentojunk,talkjunk,playwithjunk,andthenwearesurprisedwhentheyturnouttobesocialjunkies.(排比)4.恰当使用英语习语写作时适当地使用习语、成语等也是使语言生动活泼的好办法。如：Onceamanisdead,thereisnohelping;youcan’trekindlethesparkoflifeinhim.本句中的thereisnohelping是汉语式的英语，不符合英语的习惯说法。这里虽然用了比喻，但更改了原来的主语，句子显得罗嗦、笨拙。如果改成下面的习惯表达，句子变得既简洁又生动。Onceamanisdead,hecan‘tbebroughtbacktolife.再如Thecommitteerefusedtolistentoourrequest.如果被改成Thecommitteeturnedadeafeartoourrequest.句子生动，增加了文采。活动教室〖〗请修改下面的短文增加句式的多样化以便使其生动、流畅。Weareterrifiedofdeath.Wedonotthinkofit,andwedon’tspeakoflife.Wedon’tmourninpublic.Wedon’tknowhowtoconsoleagrievingfriend.Infact,wehaveeliminatedorsuppressedallthetraditionalritualssurroundingdeath.TheVictorianscopedwithdeathdifferently.Theirfuneralswereelaborate.Theyardsofblackcrepearoundthehearse,hiredprofessionalmourners,anditssolemnprocessiontoanornatetombisnowadistantmemory.Theyworemourningjewelry.Theyhadacomplicateddresscodeforthegrievingprocess.Theritualsseveredapsychologicalpurposeinhelpingthelivingdealwithloss.6.他的爱好是晚饭后下棋。.Whathelikesisplayingchessaftersupper.7.我对他的话深感失望。7.Iwasgreatlydisappointedatwhathehadsaid.8.他的演讲鼓舞人心。.Hisspeechisencouraging9.他不知道是否该去那里。Hedidn'tknowwhethertogothereornot.10.他认为帮助别人是他的责任。

Hefeelsithisdutytohelpothers12.他一定要我们俩都接受邀请。Heinsistedonourbothacceptingtheinvitation.13.请接受我诚挚的歉意，我昨晚没参加宴会。.我回到家时，发现客人已走了。.WhenIgethome,Ifoundtheguestsgone.她发现房间收拾的井井有条17.Shefoundtheroomingoodorder.我多么懊悔在林间和田野里浪费那么多时间！.HowIregrettedthehourswastedinthewoodsandfields!.如果照管得好些，这些树会长得好些。.Givenbetterattention,thetreeswouldgrowevenfaster.要努力工作，否则不会成功。Workashardasyoucan,oryouwillneversucceedinlife.他失败的原因是他太依赖别人了Thereasonwhyhefailedisthathedependsonotherstoomuch.书在桌子上，你放在那里的Thebookisonthetable,wherey