人教版（2019）必修第一册《Unit 2 Travelling Around》2021年单元测试卷二（附答案详解）

人教版（2019）必修第一册《Unit2TravellingAround》

2021年单兀测试卷（2）

一、阅读理解（本大题共19小题，共45.5分）

A

Thelargest-everstudyofthelinkbetweencitywalkabilityandhighbloodpressurehasbeen

consideredasevidenceofthe"invisiblevalueofurbandesign"inimprovinglong-termhealth

outcomessayresearchers.Thestudyofaround430,000peopleagedbetween38and73and

livingin22UKcitiesfoundsignificantconnectionsbetweentheincreasedwalkabilityofa

neighborhoodandreducedriskofhighbloodpressureamongitsresidents（居民）.

Theresultsremainedthesameevenafterlifestylesandphysicalenvironmentwere

changed,thoughtheprotectiveeffectswereparticularlypronouncedamongparticipantsaged

between50and60,women,andthoselivinginheavilypopulatedareasandpoor

neighborhoods.

ThepaperwaspublishedintheIn:emationalJournalofHygieneandEnvironmental

Health.Withhighbloodpressureamajorriskfactorforchronic（慢性的）andparticularly

heartdiseases,researchersattheUniversityofHongKongandOxfordUniversitysaidthe

findingsshowedtheneedtotakenoticeofthehealth-influencingfactorinurbandesign.

"Wearespendingbillionsofpoundsinpreventingandcuringheartdiseases—ifweareableto

investincreatinghealthycitiesthroughsmallchangesin（hedesignofourneighborhoodsto

makethemmoreactivity-friendlyandwalkable,thenprobably,wcwillhavesignificantsavings

infuturehealthcareexpenses."

Poorlydesignedspacesgenerallyreducedwalkingandphysicalactivity,promotingthe

lifestylesoflongtimesittingdownandnotmoving,andwereharmfultosocial

communication,andassuchrelatedtopoorermentalandphysicalhealth.

Becausewalkabilitywas"basedonthepotential（潜在的）designofthecity",saidDr

ChinmoySarkar,citiescouldbeadaptedordesignedtoencourageit."Suchinvestmentsin

healthydesignarelikelytobringinlongtermgainsastheyarelastingandcommon."

I.Whatisprobablytheresultifweconsider"invisiblevalueofurbandesign"?

A.Theageingpopulationwillbereduced.

B.Ourcitieswillbemorewalkableandactivity-friendly.

C.Moremoneywillbeinvestedinpreventingandcuringheartdiseases.

D.Thepaceofurbanizationwillbesloweddown.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?

A.Youngpeoplearemorelikelytobenefitfromincreasedwalkability.

B.Walkablecitieswillcureapersonofhisorherhighbloodpressure.

C.Chronicdiseasesarebecomingcommonforpeople'sinattentiontotheirhealth.

D.Walkablecitiescanhelpreducebloodpressureandtheriskofheartdiseases.

3.Whatisn'ttheeffectsofpoorly-designedneighborhoods?

A.Worseeconomy.B.Unhealthylifestyle.

C.Fewersocialcommunication.D.Poorerhealth.

4.WhatdoesDrChinmoySarkarmean?

A.Citiesshouldencouragetheresidentstoengageinsocialcommunication.

B.Thedesignofourneighborhoodsshouldmeetpeople'sneedsforshopping.

C.Moneyinvestedincreatinghealthycitiesismoneysavedinfuturehealthcareexpenses.

D.Chronicdiseaseswillbecommonbecauseofpollutionandtheenvironmentchange.

HarvardPre-CollegeProgram

SESSIONI：SESSIONn：SESSIONm：

June23—July5»2019July7—July19,2019July21—August2,2019

Oursummerprogramforhighschoolstudentsisdesignedtopavethewayforasuccessful

collegeexperience.

HEREYOUCAN：

Learnwithoutlimits

Pursueyourinterestsincoursesfocusingonphysics,law,writing,philosophy,andadozenother

subjects.

LiveatHarvard

*YouwillliveinahistoricundergraduatehousenearHarvardSquare.

*Yourplancoversthreemealsaday,sevendaysaweek.

Havefunoutsidetheclassroom

YoumightenjoyaCirqueduSileilperformance,aRedSoxgameatFenwayPark,oratriptothe

MuseumofScience.

第2页，共30页

ELIGIBILITY（申请资格）

Studentsareacademicallymotivatedandwillgraduatein2020or2021.

TOAPPLY

Completeanonlineapplicationandprovidethefollowingmaterials：the$50nonrefundable

applicationfee；transcripts（成绩单）withfall2018grades；signedrulesandregulations.

INTERNATIONALSTUDENTS

ParticipantsshouldapplyfortheB-2touristvisa.IfEnglishisnotyournativelanguage,submit

scoresfromtheTOEFLorIELTSlanguageproficiencyexam.

APPLICATIONTIPS

*Nofeeisrequiredtostartyourapplication.Youwillbeaskedtopaytheapplicationfeeonly

uponsubmittingtheapplication.

*Thescoresofsuccessfulapplicantsaretypicallyabove103ontheTOEFLwith25onthe

writtensectionoratleast7.5ontheIELTSwith7onthewrittensection.

*Useadesktoporlaptop.Youwillbeaskedtowriteshortessaysaspartofyour

application.Thismaybechallengingtodoonamobilephone.

*Youwillreceiveanemailinformingyouoftheapplicationstatusapproximatelythreeweeks

afteryouhavecompletedyourapplication.

5.Harvardorganizessuchaprogramto.

A.reducestudents'academicpressure

B.selectgoodstudentstojoininHarvard

C.makestudentsobtainhighgradesintheirstudy

D.helpstudentspreparefortheirfuturecollegelife

6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprogram?

A.Studentsareofferedthreemealsexceptweekends.

B.Itmerelyhastwosessionsduringonesummer.

C.Itprovidescoursesonvarioussubjectsforstudents.

D.StudentscanliveinahotelnearHarvard.

7.Ifyouareanativestudentwhowantstoapplyfortheprogram,youneedloprovide

A.aB-2touristvisa

B.transcriptswithyourfall2018grades

C.scoresfromtheTOEFLexam

D.arecommendationletterfromyourhighschoolteacher

8.Theapplicantscanlearnfromtheapplicationtipsthat.

A.theirTOEFLorIELTSscoresshouldmeettherequirements

B.theapplicationfeeshouldbepaidbeforetheystartapplying

C.itisconvenienttouseanyelectronicproductstoapply

D.theycanchecktheapplicationstatusinaweek

c

Isawmyfirsttreetoday.Dadusedtotellmestoriesaboutthetreesthatstillexistedwhenhe

wasaboy.Thereweren'tverymanyeventhen,withtheurbanizationprograminfullswing.

TheO'Brienhomewasoneofthefewexamplesofold-stylewoodenstructuresthathadn'tbeen

destroyedinBoston'surban-renewalcampaign.Thefamilyhadbeenabletoavoidthisbecause

ofitswealthandpoliticalinfluence,andthehousewaspassedonthroughgenerationstothe

prcscnt.OldmanO'Brienhadnochildren,sowhenhedied,theUrbanCenterboughtit.Thenan

officialdiscoveredthatthehousehadabackyard-intheyardwasalivetree!

Whenthenewsofthetree'sdiscoveryleakedout,quiteafewsightseersstoppedbytohavea

lookatit,andthelocalgovemment.realizingthemoney-makingpotential,begancharging

admissionandadvertisingtheplace.Bynowithadbecomeafavoritespotforfamilytripslike

ours.

Dadpaidthefeeandwcwalkedthroughadoorwayhiddeninabookshelfandintothe

backyard.Ijustcouldn'thelpnoticingthetree!

Itwaslocatedatoneendoftheyard,withafencearounditforprotection.ilwassimilarinform

totheplastictreesI'dseen,buttherewasmuchmore.Youcouldseedetailsmoredelicatethanin

anyartificiallymadeplant.Anditwasalive.Butbestofallwasthesmell-freshjiving

smell,unfamiliartotheworldoutsidewithmetal,plastic,andglass.Iwantedtotouchthe

bark,butthefencepreventedmefromdoingso.

Onthewayback,Ireadthroughthebrochures.OnepartsaidtheO'Brienhomewouldbetorn

downnextyeartomakeroomforsomeinsurancebuilding,andthetreewillhavetogo,too.

Ijustsatstill,fingeringtheobjectinmypocketthatIhadpickedintheO'Brien'sbackyard.I

thinkit'scalledanacorn（橡子）.

9.WhycouldthetreeintheO'Brien'sbackyardsurvivetilltoday?

第4页，共30页

A.Itpossessedsomespecialcharacteristics.

B.Ithadaverystrongfencearoundtoprotectit.

C.Itwaspreservedtogetherwiththehousebyitsowner.

D.Itgotthelocalgovernment'sattentionasatouristattraction.

10.Howmighttheauthorfeelafterthetrip?

A.Annoyed.B.Calm.C.Excited.D.Upset.

11.Whichstatementbestshowsthethemeofthepassage?

A.Socialprogressandurbanizationcomeatacost.

B.Socialprogressshouldgivewaytonatureprotection.

C.Humansvaluenatureprotectionoversocialprogress.

D.Urbanizationhasmoreadvantagesthandisadvantages.

D

Thankstoitsharshenvironment,Antarcticaremainedlargelyuntouchedbyhumansformany

millennia,allowingathrivingecosystemtoevolvc.However,sincethe1990s,thelasttrue

wildernessontheplanetisbecominganincreasinglypopulardestinationforadventure-seeking

tourists.Now,anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteria

whichcoulddevastatethearea'snativebirdpopulation.

Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.Researchers,however,believedthatthe

Antarcticanimalswereimmunetothedangerduetothecontinent'sextreme

wcathcr.Howevcr,microbiologistMartaCerda-Cuellarwasnotconvinced.

SheandsomecolleaguesdecidedtoexaminewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsforevidence

ofhumanbacteria.Toensurethewastewasnotpolluted,thescientistshadtocollectitfromthe

birdsthemselves.

Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebird

waste.Thisincludedacommonstrain（品种）ofbacteriathatcausesfoodpoisoningin

humans.Theresearcherssaythebacteriastrainswereresistanttocommonly-usedhuman

antibiotics,indicatingtheywerebroughtinbythevisitors,ratherthanmigratorybirds（彳质鸟）.

"Thesestrains,whichareacommoncauseforinfectionsinhumansandlivestock,donotusually

causedeathoutbreaksinwildanimals,"saysGonzalez-Solis."However,theemergingor

invasivepathogens（病原体）thatarrivetohighlysensitivepopulationscouldhavesevere

consequencesandcausethelocalcollapseandextinctionofsomepopulations."Theresearcher

alsofearsthepresenceofthesebugscouldforeshadowthearrivalofother,more

deadly,pathogensasthenumberoftouristspeopleincreases.

Expertsbelievetheonlywaytopreventthemassdestructionofthebirdsistoimposestricter

regulationsor,atleast,puttheonesalreadyinplaceintoeffect.Forexample,whiletheAntarctica

Treatyrequiresvisitorstocarrytheirwastebackhometosafeguardthepristine

environment,theregulationisrarelycnforccd.Nowadays,somcofficialsarctakingstepstosave

thevulnerablebirdsbeforeit'stoolate.

12.WhatproblemisAntarcticafacingaccordingtoParagraph1&2?

A.Theincreasingnumberoftourists.

B.Theworseningwilderness.

C.Thereplacednativebirdpopulation.

D.Thespreadofinfectiousillnesses.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"devastate"mean?

A.Destroy.B.Increase.C.Protect.D.Benefit.

14.WhydidthescientistsneedtocatchsomeAntarcticanimals?

A.Totreattheirillness.B.Togettheirwaste.

C.Toraisethemaspets.D.Tostudytheirlifestyles.

15.Whatdidthescientistsproveintheirstudy?

A.Bacteriacanbekilledbyhumanantibiotics.

B.ExtremeweatherkeepsAntarcticanimalshealthy.

C.HumansbringbacteriatoAntarctica.

D.Antarcticanimalsareimmune（ohumanbacteria.

E

Recently,!wastalkingwithafriendofmineaboutamutual（有相同关系的）friendofours.

"IwishIcouldbelikeJenny.Shealwaysseemssohappy.I'mmotjoking；Ihonestlythinkshe

hastheperfectlife,"saidmyfriend.

IfyouweretolookattheInstagramaccountofJenny,youwouldindeedseewhatlookslikethe

perfectlife.

However,despitetheenviableconientofherInstagram,!learnedthroughconversationswith

thisgirlthatitwas.allcarefullyhandied.Everylhingwasputtogethertonaintainthepublic

imagethatshewasahappy-go-lucky,carefree（无忧无虑的）girl.Whenshewassador

upset,therewasnoindicationoftheseemotionsonherInstagram.

Infact,weallchooseouronlinemediapresence.LookthroughyourInstagram—Ibetthatyou

第6页，共30页

don,tpostpictureswhereyoudon'lfeelcamera-ready.OnIns(agram,wealwaysshowour"good

side".Thinkaboutit.Wouldyouratherpost"ItriedsohardbutIendedupfailingmytest55or"I

treatedmyselftoahotcoffeeafterstudyinghardallweek*'?

Weallwanttopresentthebestpartsofourlives,toshowwhat'sgoingwell,andwhatwe're

proudof.Wctakephotosofthenicethingsweown,orofanysortsofeventsconsidered

"special"，suchasinvite-onlyorformalparties.Wepostphotosofthegoodtimesratherthanthe

badtimes.Nomatterwhathappens,wetrytomakeouronlineimageperfect.

There'sabsolutelynothingwrongwithmakingyouronlinepresenceperfect-everyone'doesit

insomewayoranother.However,whenitcomestofeelingenviousofsorrieoneelse'sInstagram

posts,rememberthatjustlikeyou,:hey'reshowingtheirgoodside.

16.What'sJenny'slifelikeindeed?

A.Herlifeisalwaysfullofsadness.

B.Herlifeisboringandmeaningless.

C.Shelivesaperfectandmeaningfullife.

D.Shelivesanordinarylifejustlikeothers,.

17.Whatdoestheauthorconsidercommon?

A.Thatpeoplelovereadingpostsonline.

B.Thatpeoplehidetheirbadsideonline.

C.Thatpeoplewanttopleaseothersonline.

D.Thatpeopledreamoflivingaperfectlife.

18.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthoragreewith?

A.Wcshouldstopreadingonlinestories.

B.Weshouldalwaysshowourgoodside.

C.Weshouldn'tperfectouronlineimage.

D.Weshouldn'tenvyothers'onlinepresence.

19.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthemake-upperfectlifeonline?

A.Thereisnothingwrongtocheatpeopleonline.

B.Showinggoodsideonlineisquitevitalindailylife.

C.Itisrathernaturalfbrpeopletomakeperfectonlinepresence.

D.Feelingenviousofsomeone'sperfectlifeonlineshouldbeencouraged.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共10小题，共22.5分）

Formostofus,stressisarealityandlearninghowtodealwithitisveryimportantinour

growth.Afterall,stressgoeshandinhandwithchange,andourlifeisallaboutchange.⑴.We

allbehaveabitdifferentlyaccordingtodifferenttypesofstress.Herearesomehelpfultipsto

helpyou.

Eatright.Colaandchocolatearenotthebestwaytokeephealthy.⑵.

Getmoving.Mostofoureverydaystressisrelatedtoschool,work,oraloiofemotional

problems.(3).Whenweareunderalotofstress,ourbodiescandevelopalotofmuscle

tension.Regularexercisecanhelpyourelaxandfeelbetter.

(4).Essayswon'twritethemselves,andgoodgradesrequirehardwork,butdon'tthinkmuch

aboutthebadthings.Giveyourselfpraisewhereyoucanimproveyourself.Stressisaclearsign

ofworry,butitdoesn'tmeanyoursituationishopeless.

Speakup.Thebreakupofyourfavoriterockbandisn'ttheendoftheworld,butsometimeslife

throwssomerealproblemsatyou.Butdon'tletthestresseatyouup.(5).Ifyou'refeeling

seriouslyunhappyandunabletokeepupwithschoolandlife,speaktoafamilymemberoryour

doctor.

A.Staypositive.

B.Talktoatrustedfriend.

C.Peoplecouldnotthinkclearlywhenunderstress.

D.Theolderapersonis,themorestressedhefeels.

E.Thereissimplynowaytogetawayfromstresscompletely.

F.Howcvcr.abitofphysicalactivitycanhelpusworkitoff.

G.Sure,everyonelikesalittlecomfortfood,butyouwillneedabalanceddiet.

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

21.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

22.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

23.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

第8页，共30页

24.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

TheFlynnEffectTheFlynneffect,firstdescribedinthe1980sbyresearcherJamesFlynn,refers

tothefindingthatscoresonIQtestshaveincreasedinthepastcentury.Oneresearch

paper,publishedbypsychologistLisaTrahanandhercolleagues,combinedtheresultsofother

publishedstudiesandfoundthatIQscoreshaveindeedincreasedsincethe1950s.(1)Trahan

andhercolleaguesobserved,"TheexistenceoftheFlynneffectisrarelydisputed."

(2)Oneexplanationhastodowithimprovementsinhealthandnutrition.Forexample,thepast

centuryhasseenadecreaseinsmokingandalcoholuseinpregnancy,improvementsinthe

preventionandtreatmentofinfectiousdiseases,andimprovementsinnutrition.AsScottBarry

KaufmanwritesforPsychologyToday,"TheFlynneffectservesasareminderthatwhenwe

givepeoplemoreopportunitiestoprosper,morepeopledoprosper."

(3)InaTEDtalk,Flynnexplainsthattheworldtodayis"aworldwherewe'vehadtodevelop

newmentalhabits,newhabitsofmind."FlynnhasfoundthatIQscoreshaveincreasedthemost

rapidlyonquestionsthataskustofindsimilaritiesbetweendifferentthings,andmoreabstract

typesofproblemsolving,bothofwhicharethingsthatweneedtodomoreofinthemodem

world.

Severalideashavebeenbroughtuptoexplainwhymodernsocietymightleadtohigherscores

onIQtests.Forexample,today,manymoreofushavedemanding,intellectuallyrigorous

jobs.Schoolshavealsochanged：whereasatestatschoolintheearly1900smighthavebeen

morefocusedonmemorization^recenttestmightbemorelikelytofocusonexplainingthe

reasonsforsomething.(4)Familysizestendtobesmaller,andithasbeensuggestedthatthis

mayallowchildrentopickuponnewvocabularywordswhileinteractingwiththeirparents.It's

evenbeensuggestedthattheentertainmentweconsumeismorecomplextoday.(5)

Therefore,boththeeducationwereceiveandthesocietyweliveinshapeourIQinawaythat

wecannotimagine.

A.InotherwordsjhereisalotaboutIQthatwemaynotknowyet.

B.AnotherexplanationfortheFlynneffecthastodowithsocietalchanges

C.ResearchershaveputforwardseveraltheoriestoexplaintheFlynneffect.

D.Tryingtounderstandandanticipateplotpointsmayactuallybemakingussmarter.

E.Althoughtherehavebeenexceptions,IQscoreshavegenerallyincreasedovertime.

F.Additionally,morepeopletodayarelikelytofinishhighschoolandgoontocollege.

G.TheFlynneffectshowsthathumanmindismoreadaptablethanwemighthavethought.

25.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

26.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

27.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

28.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

29.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共20.0分）

Mymotheris92.UnlessIhavetobeoutoftown,eachweekItakemymothertodoher(30)and

visitthedoctor,providing(31_)andiransportation.Duringtheweek,however,shelikestogotoa

nearbystoreto(32)somesmallthingssheneeds.

Lastweekshewalkeduptothestore,butwhenshewenttopayforhergroceries,she

was(33)aboutthreedollars.Thconly(34)topayforthegrocerieswastotakeoffthe(35)she

coulddowithout：abottleofrubbingalcohol(医用酒精)andabarofsoup.Bytakingof

these,shewasableto(36)thenewtotaltotheamountofcashshehadwithher.

Atthisstore,people£37)andthengoofftothesideto(38)theirowngroceries.Mymotherwas

puttinghergroceriesintoshoppingbagswhena(39)camcuptoherandsaid,"Herearcthe

thingsthatyou(40)handinghertherubbingalcoholandthe(41).Mvmother,whoisnever

speechless,wasspeechless.She(42)forthewoman'snameandaddresssothatshecould(43)

her.Thewomantoldheritwasher(44).

Mymotherwasso(45)bvhergesturethatshedecidedtogobacktothestoreandgivethe

cashier(收银员)afive-dollarbilltokeeponhand(46)thesamehappenedtosomeoneelseif

theydidn'thaveenough(47)fbralloftheirgroceries.

So,whoeveryouare,thankyoufbrtherandomactof(48)thatnotonlyhelpedmymotherout,but

(49)too.

30.A.exerciseB.houseworkC.cookingD.shopping

31.A.rewardB.medicineC.companyD.shelter

第10页，共30页

32.A.returnB.collectC.orderD.buy

33.A.shotB.cautiousC.wrongD.concerned

34.A.aimB.wayC.adviceD.reason

35.A.weightB.thingsC.maskD.glasses

36.A.raiseB.adcC.bringD.switch

37.A.showupB.callinC.checkoutD.sitdown

38.A.storeB.selectC.deliverD.bag

39.A.strangerB.cashierC.friendD.doctor

40.A.lookedforB.talkedaboutC.threwawayD.putback

41.A.receiptB.soapC.cashD.bottle

42.A.askedB.waitedC.caredD.searched

43.A.repayB.trustC.recognizeD.help

44.A.luckB.chanceC.giftD.turn

45.A.surprisedB.amusedC.touchedD.convinced

46.A.incaseB.evenifC.asthoughD.sothat

47.A.energyB.moneyC.spaceD.time

48.A.faithB.courageC.kindnessD.honor

49.A.madeherdayB.changedhermind

C.caughthereyeD.metherdemand

四、语法填空(本大题共I小题，共10.0分)

50.Itseemsthatpeopleinwesterncountriesarebecomingincreasingly(1)(worry)

aboutthesideeffectsofdrugs,andarcturningtovarious(2)(treatment)suchas

yoga,reflexologyandacupuncture(针灸)tocomplementersometimeseven

replace,westernmedicine.

(3)eventinmylifethreeorfouryearsagomademeexaminemyownattitudes

towardsalternativemedicine.After(4)(suffer)frominsomnia(失眠)fora

fewmonths,!wasfeelingmentallyandphysicallyexhausted.MyfriendTony,who(5)

(study)acupunctureatacollegenearLondonatthetime,suggestedthatIvisitan

acupuncturist.SinceIhadafearofneedlesjwas(6)(willing)totakehis

advice.ButbythistimeIwassotiredthatIwaspreparedtotryalmostanything.

Imadean(7)(appoint)with(heacupuncturistinmyareaandturnedupathis

roomthefollowingmorning.Aftertakingmypulse,lookingatmytongue,andaskingafew

questions(8)mydietandlifestyle,theacupuncturistcorrectlyreasonedthat1was

wom-out.Ifoundthisextremelyimpressivesincehehadn'taskedme(9)Ihad

cometoseehim.Hetheninsertedaneedleinmyrightfootbetweenmyfirstandsecond

toe,and,despitemyanxiety,!fellasleep(10)(immediate).AlthetimeIconsidered

thewholeexperiencetobeclosetoamiracle.

五、书面表达(本大题共3小题，共65.0分)

51.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

"Helicopterparents"isadescriptionofparentswhoarehoveringovertheirchildrenina

stateofextremeconcern.Theyalwaysshowuptosolvetheirchildren'sproblems,protect

themfromrealorimaginedharm,resolvestressfulsituation,offeradviceandgetthemout

oftrouble,eveniftheymisbehaved.Althoughoutofloveandconcern,itcanhaveharmful

effectontheirchildren'semotionaldevelopmentandfutureautonomy.

Childrenlearnthroughtheirmistakes.Butifyouintervene(介入)atfirstsignofstruggle

andfinishyourchild'shomework,he'llmissoutonvaluablelearningopportunities.You're

sendinghimthemessagethatheneedstobeperfectandfailureisnotanoption,otherwise

youwouldn'talwaystakeoverforhim.

Byconstantlyrescuingyourchildfromstressfulsituation,you'resendinghimamessage

thatyoudon'tbelievehe'scapableoftakingcareofhimself.Childrcndevelopself-esteem

bylearninghowtocompletechallengeontheirown.Ifyouarealwaysintervening,he's

deniedthisvitalstageinhisgrowth.Asaresult,yourchildmaylacktheconfidence

necessarytodowellinschool,pursuehobbiesandinterests,anddevelopfriendships.

Ifyou'realwaystakingcareofeverythingforyourchild,it'llbemoredifficultforhimto

becomeindependent.Asanadult,hemightfindithardtotakecareofhimself,becausehe's

neverdevelopedcopingskillstodealwithlife'schallenges.Hemightsufferfromirrational

fears,anxietyanddepression,whichcouldleadhimtodropoutofcollegeorfrequently

changejobs,accordingtoDrMicheleBorba.Insteadofdevelopinghealthy

relationships,hemightseekapartnerwhowilltakecareofhimorcontrollingshis

parentswere.

Youcanhelpyourchildbecomemoreindependentbyallowinghimtocompletetasksand

challengesonhisownwithoutyourintervention.Evenifhefailsatfirstdon't

interfere-encouragehimtostartagain.Showthatyouhavefaithinhisabilitiestosucceed

withoutyourhelp.Allowhimtolearnnaturalconscquences.Evensmallthingscanhelp

第12页，共30页

himbecomemoreindependent-makinghisownbed,preparinghisownlunch,shoppingfbr

hisownclothesanddoinghomeworkwithoutyourhelp.

52.假定你是晨光中学的学生李律，你正在某国外中学作交换生，该校的“外国文化”栏

目近期将介绍中国传统文化，校报编辑Jenny给你写信，咨询你的意见。请你给Jenny

写封回信，内容要点如下：