新教材2024年高中英语学业质量检测1Unit1ScienceFiction新人教版选择性必修第四册

Unit1学业质量检测选择题部分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Wherearethespeakersnow？__A__A．Atalibrary. B．Ataclinic. C．Inadormitory.2．Whatjusthappened？__A__A．Theglasswasbroken.B．Thewomanfelldown.C．Themandroppedhisglass.3．Whatwillthewomandonext？__C__A．Comforttheman. B．Turntheheatup. C．Fetchablanket.4．Whenwillthemanarriveattheairport？__B__A．At6:00pm. B．At7:00pm. C．At8:00pm.5．Whydoesthewomanpreferthecar？__C__A．Itisswift. B．Itischeap. C．Itisconvenient.其次节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。6．Whereisthemanlookingattheflowers？__B__A．Ataflowershop. B．Onamagazine. C．OntheInternet.7．Whatcolorofroseswillthemangivetohismom？__C__A．Red. B．Purple. C．Yellow.听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。8．Howdidthemancometoschooltoday？__B__A．Bybike. B．Onfoot. C．Bycar.9．Whatshouldthemantrytoworkon？__C__A．Spelling. B．Pronunciation. C．Grammar.听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。10．Whatisthemanintheband？__B__A．Aguitarplayer. B．Asinger. C．Adrummer.11．Whatispuzzlingthemannow？__B__A．Whethertheyshouldmakefamequickly.B．Whethertheyshouldgoontour.C．Whethertheyshouldstartaband.12．Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman？__A__A．Playmusicoutoflove.B．Selllotsofrecords.C．Attractmorefans.听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。13．Howdoesthemanfeelnow？__B__A．Excited. B．Worried. C．Embarrassed.14．Whatwillthemando？__A__A．Beateacher. B．Gotocollege. C．Doexercise.15．Whatadvicedoesthemangiveontakingnotes？__C__A．Toputdowneveryword.B．Tousewordsinsteadofphrases.C．Towritedownkeyinformation.16．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman？__A__A．Hecanbeagoodteacher.B．Helikesnatureverymuch.C．Heneedsmorepractice.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。17．Whatdidresearchersstudyintwotests？__B__A．Thewayofseagulls’stealingfood.B．Theeffectsofstaringatseagulls.C．Thedifferentfoodthieves.18．Whatdidonefourthofbirdsdowitheyecontactinthetest？__C__A．Theyflewawayimmediately.B．Theystoodstillandlookedatthefood.C．Theymadeanattempttostealfood.19．WhatdidMadeleinethinkofseagulls？__B__A．Theysnatchedfoodviolently.B．Theystolefoodsecretly.C．Theyattackedpeopleaggressively.20．Howdopeoplestopseagullsstealingfoodeffectively？__C__A．Byfeedingthemfirst.B．Bysettingabigtrap.C．Bystaringatthem.听力原文Text1W：Myheadisheavy.Iamalwaystiredinclass.MaybeIhavetogotoaclinic.M：No.Youaretoobusyfortheexamsrecently.Returnthebooktothelibrarianandgobacktothedormitorytohaveagoodrest.Text2W：Canyouseizethatglassbeforeitfalls?M：Ican’t.Ihavesomethinginmyhands.W：Oops.Thereitgoes.I’llcleanitup.Text3M：It’sverycoldtonight!Canyouturntheheatup?W：I’llbringyouanotherblanket,whichwillmakeyoucomfortable.M:OK,pleasedothat.Text4M：Myflightleavesat8:00tonight.WhattimedoyouthinkIshouldgettotheairport?W：Well,you’llneedtogothroughsecuritychecksandthenfindyourplane.So,maybeat6:00p.m.M：Idon’tthinkitwilltakethatlong.I’llgetthereat7:00p.m.instead.Text5M：WehavetogouptoLondonforacoupleofdaysnextweek.Iprefertogoonthetrain,butIsupposeyouwanttotakethecar.W：Oh,Imuchprefertogobycar,andthenwedon’tneedtogettothestationwithourluggage.Text6W：Hey,Taylor.Whatareyoudoing?M：I’mlookingataflowermagazine.See?Theseredandpurplerosesaresobeautiful.Tomorrowismymom’sbirthday.Shelovesflowers.W：Youcansendhersome.Flowerscanmakeabirthdaybright.M：Yes.Mydadgavemymomflowersontheirweddinganniversary.Icangoonlineandchoosesomeflowersformymom.W：Doit.Flowerscanremindherofyourlove.Whatkindofflowersdoesshelike?M：Shelovesroses.Lookattheseyellowroses.Theyareverybeautiful.W：Yes.Theyare.Youcansendheradozenyellowroses.M：That’sagreatidea.Text7W：Vinodh,whyareyoulatetoday?M：Icameonfoot.Ihaveaninjuryinmyleg.W：YesterdayyoualsocamelatetoEnglishclass.M：Icamewithmyfatherinhisbike.Wewereheldupinatrafficjam.Iwillnotexcuseyouafterthis.W：HowmanymarksdidyouscoreinEnglishIpaperaboutspellingandpronunciation?M：Iscored60%,madam.W：InEnglishⅡPaper?M：Iscored48%only.W：Thenyouarecarelessinlearninggrammar.M：Ishalltrytoimprove,madam.Text8M：So,IhavethisreallyimportantthingthatIneedtoaskyouabout,Marni.W：Yeah,whatisit?M：Afriendofmineplaystheguitar.Icansing.I’vegotadrummer.Andwe’dreallyliketomakeourbandfamous.W：OK,well,Ithinkit’sgreatthatyouwanttostartaband.Butgettingfameandfortunequicklyisn’tthebestapproach.M：OK,OK.Abigthing…Wewanttogoontour.Wewanttoseetheworld.Wewantsomefans.W：Ithinkyouneedtodothisbecauseyoureallyloveplayingmusic.M：Ofcourse.Weloveplayingtogether.It’salotfun.Wewanttotour.So,Iampuzzled:shouldwe,orshouldn’twe?W：WhenIwasinaband，itwasjustbecausewelovedplayingtogetherandwelovedmakingmusic.Andwedidn’tcareifwesoldlotsofrecords,ortoured,orhadfans.Wejustwantedtomakemusic.M：Iappreciatethat.Thanks.Text9W：What’sgoingon，Larry?M：Oh,nothing.W：Comeon.Icantellwhenyou’reanxious.What’sup?M：It’sjust…WhatifI’mnotcutouttobeateacher?W：Youjustneedtostartoffontherightfoot.Whydon’tyoupracticeonme?M：How?W：Teachmesomething.Teachmehowtotakenotes.Itwillbegoodpracticeforyousinceyou’regoingbacktoschool.M：Well,OK.Totakenotes,you’llneedapenandpaper.W：Gotit!M：Takingnotesiswritingdownthemostimportantinformationthatyourteacherisgivingyou.W：Taking…notes….M：Youdon’tneedtowritedowneveryword,justthemostimportantideas.Forexample,ifIsaid，“Micearemammals.Theyareanimalswhichcomeoutatnight.”，youshouldwritedown“mice,atnight”，themostimportantideas.W：See?You’restartingoffontherightfoottobecomeateacher.M：Doyoureallythinkso?W:Yes,Ido.You’reanatural.M：Thanks.Text10M：ResearchershavecomeupwithausefulmethodtodiscourageseagullsfromstealingyourpicnicsandwichesormakingagrabforyourFrenchfries.Theadviceistostareatthebirdstopreventanyfoodtheft.ThisvaluabletipcomesfromastudyfromtheUniversityofExeterintheUK.Researchersconductedtestsontheeffectsofstaringattheseabirds.Theyputabagoffriesonthegroundandmonitoredhowlongittookgullstoapproachandsnatchthefrieswithoutaresearcherlookingatthebirds.Theythencarriedoutthesametest,butthistimearesearchermadeeyecontactasabirdapproached.Thebirdstookextra21secondstoapproachthefoodwhenaresearcherstaredatthem.Theresearchersconcludedthattheseagullswerepreventedbythehumangaze.Only25percentofthebirdsmadeanattempttotaketheresearchers’foodwiththeeyecontact.Three-quartersofthebirdsjuststoodstillandlookedatthefoodorflewaway.LeadresearcherMadeleineGoumassaid，“Inoticedthatgullsseemedtohaveabadreputationforfood-snatching,butIsawithappenquiterarely.WhenIdidseeithappen,gullsoftenswoopedinfrombehind,andthepeoplewerecompletelyunaware.Gullsareoftenseenasaggressiveandwillingtotakefoodfromhumans,soitwasinterestingtofindthatmostwouldn’tevencomenearduringourtests.”其次部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2024·全国乙卷)TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorldPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A．D．,theRomansbuilttheColoseum,whichremainstheworld’sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50，000people.However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250，000people.Thesedays,safetyregulations—nottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandacomfortableseat—tendtokeepstadiumcapacities(容量)slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach；gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.●Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang，D．P.R.Korea.Capacity：150，000．Opened：May1，1989．●MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan，U.S.Capacity：107，601．Opened：October1，1927．●BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania，U.S.Capacity：106，572．Opened：September17，1960．●OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio，U.S.Capacity：104，944．Opened：October7，1922．●KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas，U.S.Capacity：102，512．Opened：September24，1927．文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个世界上最大的体育场馆的地理位置、正式开放的时间以及客容量等内容。21．HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold？__D__A．104，944． B．107，601．C．About150，000． D．About250，000．解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段最终一句“However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250，000people.”可知，马克西姆斯大赛场可容纳约25万人。故选D。22．Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest？__C__A．MichiganStadium. B．BeaverStadium.C．OhioStadium. D．KyleField.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文末有关体育场馆的介绍可知，密歇根体育场于1927年正式开放，海狸体育场于1960年正式开放，俄亥俄体育场于1922年正式开放，凯尔体育场于1927年正式开放。对比正式开放的时间可知，这四个体育场中，俄亥俄体育场是最古老的体育场。故选C。23．Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon？__A__A．Theyhostbiggames.B．Theyhavebecometouristattractions.C．TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.D．Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段“Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.”可知，全部这些体育场馆仍在运用，仍向公众开放且仍在举办世界重大体育赛事。由此可知，所列出的这些体育场馆的共同之处在于它们都举办大型赛事。故选A。BWithallthewars,fightingandsadnessesintheworldtoday,it’snotonlynecessary,butalsoessentialtohaveagoodsenseofhumourjusttohelpusgetthrougheachandeverydayofourlives.Puttingasmileonsomeone’sfacewhenknowingtheyarefeelingdowninthedumpsmakesmefeelgoodandwarmsmyheart.Howwouldyoufeelifyoucouldnotjokearoundwithyourwife/husband,children,co-workers,neighbours,closefriends,orevenjustsomeonethatyouarestandinginlinewithatthecornerstore?Iamalwayssayingthingsthatmakeotherssmileorlaugh,evenifIdon’tknowthepersonI’mjokingwith.Mygrandmaalwaysfoundhumourineverythingshedid,evenifitwasthehardestjobanyonecouldimagine.Notonlydoesthisrelievestressinanysituation,butitisalsocommoncourtesy(礼貌)tospeaktoothersthatarearoundyou.Iknowofafewpeoplethatdon’thaveafunnyboneintheirbodies,astheysay.Everyonearoundthemcouldberollingonthefloorafterhearingagreatjokebuttheywouldsittherewithouttheslightestsmileontheirfaces.Theydon’tgetthejokethatmakesotherslaugh.Iambustingagutwhiletheyjustsitthere,lookingatmeasifIwerefromouterspace.Howcanpeoplenotgetareallyfunnyjoke?Laughingisessentialtokeepyourstresslevelsundercontrol.Withouthumourwewouldfindourselveswithalotofpsychologicalproblems,oronmedicationtokeepusfromgoingcrazy.Therearetoomanysadnessesinthispresentworld.Theydrivepeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytoignorethesadnessesandbringalittlelightintoourlives.So，Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughingtogether.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。现实社会里有很多让人哀痛的事情，而幽默能化解这种哀痛。作者为我们说明了幽默的作用，目的在于激励人们在日常生活中多些幽默感。24．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthepresentworld？__C__A．Satisfied. B．Positive.C．Critical. D．Indifferent.解析：观点看法题。依据文章第一段中的“Withallthewars,fightingandsadnessesintheworldtoday”和最终一段中的“Therearetoomanysadnessesinthispresentworld.Theydrivepeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytoignorethesadnessesandbringalittlelightintoourlives.”可知，作者认为我们现在的生活里有很多让人哀痛的事情，它们会把人逼疯。由此可推知作者对现在的世界持批判的看法。故选C。25．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“bustingagut”inthethirdparagraph？__D__A．Explainingcarefully. B．Speakingloud.C．Keepingsilent. D．Laughinghard.解析：词义揣测题。依据第三段中的“Theydon’tgetthejokethatmakesotherslaugh.Iambustingagutwhiletheyjustsitthere,lookingatmeasifIwerefromouterspace.”可推知，作者笑得很厉害，而自称没有幽默感且无法理解某个笑话的人坐在那里看着作者，似乎作者是来自外太空一样。while表示对比，表示作者的反应和那些无法理解某些笑话的人不同，故作者应当是在大笑。故选D。26．Whyishumourusefulaccordingtotheauthor？__C__A．Itmakespeoplemoreconfident.B．Itcanhelpgetridofthecrueltiesintheworld.C．Itcanliftpeople’sspirits.D．Itcanhelppeoplegetonwellwithothers.解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段可知，幽默是最好的药，能让我们遗忘生活中哀痛的事情，重新打起精神。故选C。27．What’sthepurposeoftheauthorbywritingthepassage？__B__A．Tointroduceapracticalwaytogetthroughdailylife.B．Toencouragepeopletobehumorousindailylife.C．Toconvincepeopleofthepowerofhumour.D．Totalkabouthisownunderstandingofhumour.解析：推理推断题。作者在本文中着重介绍了幽默的重要性，目的就是激励人们在日常生活中多些幽默感。故选B。C(2024·江苏南京中华中学)Onceuponatime,sciencefictionwasjustastyleamongotherstyles.Therewerecrimestories,therewerehorrorstories,therewasliteraryfiction,andtherewassciencefiction.Buttodaysciencethemesdominatetheseotherstyles.It’sdifficulttothinkofhowmuchmoderncrime,horroror“serious”fictionthatdoesn’tinvolvescience.Andit’snotjustbooks.Witheverysecondmoviesandcomputergameshavingasci-fielement,sciencefictionseemstohavecontrolledourentireentertainmentculture.It’sclearthatifwewanttodefinesciencefiction,weshouldrelateittotherolethatscienceplaysinourlives.Althoughsomeexpertshaveclaimedtobeabletotracesci-fibacktoancienttimes,itismorereasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.Oneofthefeaturesthatsetindustrialsocietiesapartfromotherkindswastheincreasingpartthatscienceplayedineverydaylife.Factorieswithvastmachinesturnedouthugequantitiesofgoods,whichweretransportedbytrains,motorvehiclesandshipsallovertheworld.Citieswerebuiltonthebackoftechnology,withelectricityinhomesandhospitalshelpingeveryonetoleadahealthier,moreconvenientlife.Allofthesechangeshadgreateffectsnotonlyonpeople’sreallife,butontheirimaginaryone.Writersbegantodescribethechangingphysicalandmentalsociallandscape,eventuallygivingsciencefictionalargeanddevotedfanbaseofespeciallyyoungreaders,whofoundthatitspoketotheircuriosityaboutthefuturethatsciencewouldcreate.Butsci-fireflectedfearsofsciencemorethanitdidhopes.ThesetypicalearlysciencefictionnovelsmightbeaUKnovellikeH．G．Wells’TheWaroftheWorlds(1897).Withgreatskills,WellswroteonthefearoftechnologybyimaginingEarthunderthreatbyacivilisation—thatofmenfromMars.Thesciencefictionoftodayexpressestheimpactofthecomputingrevolution,roboticsandourenvironmentalchallenges,whileitislessconcernedwith“littlegreenmenfromMars”andotherthemesofpastsci-fi.Giventhatscience,technologyandpolitiesarealwaysintertwined,contemporarysciencefictionoftenhasagreatdealtosayaboutpower.Manyrecentnovels—likeAmericanCoryDoctorow’sLittleBrother(2008)—areconcernedwithgovernmentandsecurityservice“strategy”againstthepeople,particularlyastherevelationofwhistle-blowers.Thiscangivesci-fiwritinga“skeptical(怀疑的)”feel.Thisunderlinesoneofthefeaturesthatremainsconstantbetweenthebeginningsoftheempireofsciencefictionanditsstatetoday.Asthen,sonow：Wewanttoreadabouthowfearfulthefuturewillbe,nothowitwillbeaparadise.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科幻小说对其他文体的影响，并介绍了它的起源以及现代科幻小说与以前的不同。28．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,weknowthat__C__.A．sciencefictionusedtotaketheleadershipinliteratureB．horrorstoriesandliteraryfictioninitiatedsciencefictionC．modernfictionreflectstheinfluenceofsciencefictionD．sciencefictionisthedominantliteraturestyleatpresenttime解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段中的“Buttodaysciencethemesdominatetheseotherstyles.It’sdifficulttothinkofhowmuchmoderncrime,horroror’serious’fictionthatdoesn’tinvolvescience.”(但今日，科学主题主导了其他风格。很难想出有多少现代犯罪、恐怖或“肃穆”小说不涉及科学。)可知，现代小说受到了科幻小说的影响。故选C。29．Whatcausedsciencefictiontoappearinthe19thcentury？__B__A．Thecuriosityofyoungreadersaboutthefuture.B．Thechangesthatindustrialsocietiesbroughtabout.C．People’sstretchedimaginationaffectedbytheirreallife.D．People’sfearsaboutscienceratherthanhopes.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段中的“Althoughsomeexpertshaveclaimedtobeabletotracesci-fibacktoancienttimes,itismorereasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.”和“Allofthesechangeshadgreateffectsnotonlyonpeople’sreallife,butontheirimaginaryone.”可知，工业社会的出现所带来的变更使科幻小说出现在19世纪。故选B。30．Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowabouttheearlysciencefiction？__D__A．Itarousedpeople’scuriosityaboutscienceindailylife.B．Itintensifiedpeople’sworriesaboutthesocialproblems.C．Itpromotedpeople’sunderstandingofthetruevalueofscience.D．Itconveyedanatmosphereofimaginaryanxietiestopeople.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章第五段内容可知，早期的科幻小说向人们传达了想象中的担忧和恐惊。故选D。31．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage？__A__A．Despitethecontent,thethemesofsciencefictionremainthesame.B．Thefearofouterspaceattackhaslongbeenaworryamongpeopleoftimes.C．Theappearanceofsciencefictionhascausedmisunderstandingamongpeople.D．Sciencefictionisweakeninggovernmentpowerimplementedonpeople.解析：推理推断题。依据文章第六段内容可知，现在的科幻小说，虽然其内容不同于以往的作品，但主题还是表达计算机革命、机器人科学以及人类所面对的环境挑战的影响。由此可推知，尽管不同时期的科幻小说内容不同，但主题还是一样的。故选A。D(2024·河北衡水一中高三三模)Arobotwithasenseoftouchmayonedayfeel“pain”，bothitsownphysicalpainandsympathyforthepainofitshumancompanions.Suchtouchy-feelyrobotsarestillfar-off,butadvancesinrobotictouch-sensingarebringingthatpossibilityclosertoreality.Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookeduptoarobotthatcanthensignalemotions,AsadareportedonFebruary15attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Thisartificial“painnervoussystem”，asAsadacallsit,maybeasmallbuildingblockforamachinethatcouldultimatelyexperiencepain.Suchafeelingmightalsoallowarobotto“sympathise”withahumancompanion’ssuffering.Asada,anengineeratOsakaUniversity,andhiscolleagueshavedesignedtouchsensorsthatreliablypickuparangeoftouches.InarobotsystemnamedAfetto，arealistic-lookingchild’shead,thesetouchandpainsignalscanbeconvertedtoemotionalfacialexpressions.Atouch-sensitive,softmaterial,asopposedtoarigidmetalsurface,allowsricherinteractionsbetweenamachineandtheworld,saysneuroscientistKingsonManoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Artificialskin“allowsthepossibilityofengagementintrulyintelligentways”.Suchasystem,Asadasays,mightultimatelyleadtorobotsthatcanrecognisethepainofothers，avaluableskillforrobotsdesignedtohelpcareforpeopleinneed,theelderly,forinstance.Butthereisanimportantdistinctionbetweenarobotthatrespondsinapredictablewaytoapainfulstrikeandarobotthat’sabletocomputeaninternalfeelingaccurately,saysDamasio，aneuroscientistalsoattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetecttouchandpainis“alongthelinesofhavingarobot,forexample,thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit，”Damasiosays.“It’sadeviceforcommunicationofthemachinetoahuman.”Whilethat’saninterestingdevelopment，“it’snotthesamething”asarobotdesignedtocomputesomesortofinternalexperience,hesays.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“难受”的有触觉的机器人正在成为可能。32．Whatdoweknowaboutthe“painnervoussystem”？__D__A．ItisnamedAffettobyscientists.B．Itisasetofcomplicatedsensors.C．Itisabletosignaldifferentemotions.D．Itcombinessensorsandartificialskin.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookeduptoarobotthatcanthensignalemotions”和“Thisartificial’painnervoussystem’，asAsadacallsit…”可知，“难受神经系统”结合了传感器和人造皮肤。故选D。33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“converted”inParagraph3probablymean？__B__A．Delivered. B．Translated.C．Attached. D．Adapted.解析：词义揣测题。依据第三段内容可知，触觉传感器可以收集一系列的触觉感受，并将触觉和难受的信号通过面部表情传递出来，也就是将这些信号转换为表达心情的面部表情。convert意为“转化”，与translate意思相近。故选B。34．WhatdoesDamasioconsiderasaninterestingdevelopment？__D__A．Robotscansmilewhentalkedto.B．Robotscantalktohumanbeings.C．Robotscancomputeinternalfeelings.D．Robotscandetectpainandrespondaccordingly.解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetecttouchandpainis’alongthelinesofhavingarobot,forexample,thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit，’Damasiosays.’It’sadeviceforcommunicationofthemachinetoahuman.’”可知，装配有传感器的机器人能够检测到触摸和难受，就像一个机器人，当你和它说话时，它会微笑，这是机器和人类沟通的工具。由此可知，达马西奥认为机器人可以检测难受并做出相应的反应是一个好玩的发展。故选D。35．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？__B__A．MachinesBecomeEmotional B．RobotsInchtoFeelingPainC．HumanFeelingsCanBeFelt D．NewDevicesTouchYourHeart解析：标题归纳题。依据第一段内容以及下文的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使机器人能够感受到触摸和难受。因此B项“机器人渐渐能感受难受”符合本文的主旨。故选B。其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·全国Ⅲ卷)Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.__36．E__Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.__37．B__Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.__38．C__Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn’talotoffoodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.__39．A__Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.__40．G__Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddon’tusefirestokeepwarm.A．Thisisn’tusualthough.B．Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C．Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D．Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E．Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F．Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G．Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“温锅”这一习俗的意义、礼物的选择、活动内容及由来等，引导学生关注人际交往礼仪，建立文化自信。解析：36．关联逻辑法解题。由空格前的“Thepartyisachancefor…”及空格后的“Anditisagoodtimeto…”可推断该空格也应当是讲聚会的好处，E项“它也给人们一个去看看新居子的样子的机会。”，承上启下，符合语境。故选E。37．设题位置法解题。空格位于其次段句首，结合本段内容可知，空格处应与聚会时所带礼物有关，B项“带礼物去乔迁聚会是传统。”，先提出应当带礼物，后面讲解并描述如何选礼物等。故选B。38．词汇锁定法解题。空格后的this是关键信息词。由since后的内容可知，在乔迁聚会时供应的食物不多，由此可推断this是指带食物去参与聚会，C项“你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人共享。”，引出下文，符合语境。故选C。39．关联逻辑法解题。空格前提到，有时候，因为某人刚刚搬进新家就实行乔迁聚会，所以参与聚会的人有可能要帮忙拆包物品。能与此语意承接的只有A项“但这种状况并不常见。”A项中的this指的是客人帮主子拆包物品。故选A。40．关联逻辑法解题。上文说很久以前人们带木柴去新家作为礼物，由此可推断G项“这样主子就可以在冬天的时候使家里保持暖和。”与此语意吻合。即过去人们送木柴做礼物是为了让主子取暖过冬。故选G。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·辽宁大连高二期末)Careersinsciencearegenerallybelievedtobetoocomplexforstudentswhoaren’ttalentedorcleverenough,butScottKelly,commanderoftheInternationalSpaceStation,wouldproveit’swrong.Asakid,hewasabsent-mindedand__41．A__inscienceandallothersubjectsaswell.Hecouldn’t__42．D__whattheteacherssaidinclass.Therefore,heearnedterriblegradesand__43．C__graduatedfromhighschool,andheeventhoughthewouldnever__44．D__hisdreams.Thatall__45．D__whenhepickedupthefilmTheRightStuff,TomWolfe’sclassicaccountofthepioneeringAmericanswhofirstexploredspace.__46．A__,hewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut,whichmeantdoingwellin__47．A__class.Sostartingthatday,he__48．B__hismindtodowellinit.Aftersomanyyears’daydreaming,itwouldn’tbe__49．C__.Buthestartedregardingstudyasagame.Themorehe__50．B__hisstudyskills,thebetterhegot.Eventually,itbecamea(n)__51．C__withhimselftoseehowgoodhecouldget.Thentheformer__52．B__startedgettingstraightA’sinscience,whichis__53．A__forthosewhowanttobeanastronaut.Soweneedtostop__54．C__theideathatscienceisjusttoohard.Everyonecanlearnthisstuff—hejustneedstobe__55．D__todothework.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了斯科特·凯利从一个成天做白日梦的差等生，到下定决心成为宇航员，努力学习科学并取得好成果的故事。该故事告知我们，只要情愿付出努力，就会胜利。41．A．uninterested B．absorbedC．engaged D．experienced解析：句意：他从小就心不在焉，对科学和其他全部科目都不感爱好。uninterested意为“不感爱好的”；absorbed意为“聚精会神的”；engaged意为“忙于……的，已订婚的”；experienced意为“有阅历的”。依据前文的“absent-minded”可知，他上课时心不在焉，对科学和其他全部科目都不感爱好。故选A。42．A．holdon B．bankonC．lookinto D．focuson解析：句意：上课时他不能集中留意力听老师讲课。holdon意为“坚持，紧紧抓住”；bankon意为“希望，依靠”；lookinto意为“调查”；focuson意为“集中留意力于，聚焦于”。依据后文“Therefore,heearnedterriblegrades”可知，因为他不集中留意力听老师讲课，所以他的成果很差。故选D。43．A．quickly B．nearlyC．barely D．successfully解析：句意：因此，他的成果很差，中学差点没有毕业，他甚至认为自己恒久无法实现自己的幻想。quickly意为“快速地”；nearly意为“几乎，差不多”；barely意为“几乎不”；successfully意为“胜利地”。依据前文“Therefore,heearnedterriblegrades”可知，他因为成果差，所以差点没有毕业。故选C。44．A．abandon B．acknowledgeC．end D．achieve解析：句看法上一题解析。abandon意为“放弃”；acknowledge意为“承认”；end意为“结束”；achieve意为“实现”。依据后文“hisdreams”和前文描述可知，他因为成果差，所以认为自己恒久无法实现幻想。故选D。45．A．finished B．suspendedC．occurred D．changed解析：句意：当他看到电影《太空英雄》——汤姆·沃尔夫对首次探究太空的美国先驱的经典描述时，这一切都变更了。finish意为“完成”；suspend意为“暂停”；occur意为“发生”；change意为“变更”。依据后文“hewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut”可知，因为他决心成为一名宇航员，所以一切都发生了变更。故选D。46．A．Inspired B．DepressedC．Satisfied D．Shocked解析：句意：受此启发，他决心成为一名宇航员，这意味着他要在科学课上表现精彩。inspired意为“受启发的”；depressed意为“懊丧的”；