山东省聊城市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

2022—2023学年度第二学期期末教学质量抽测高一英语试题本试卷分四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Tothelibrary.B.Tothecinema.C.Totheclassroom.2.HowoldisJim?A.10yearsold.B.20yearsold..C.30yearsold.3.Whatdoesthemando?A.Herepairscars.B.Heworksasthewoman’ssecretary.C.Heanswersphonesforacarpany.4.Howisthemangoingtotravel?A.Byplane.B.Bycoach.C.Bytrain.5.Whatistheman’sfavoritesongabout?A.Thesky.B.Thebird.C.Themovie.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第题。6.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthebook?A.Excited.B.Bored.C.Sad.7.Whatwasthewoman’sfavoritepart?A.Readingthebook.B.Watchingthemovie.C.Talkingaboutthebookinclass.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesn’tthemangotothestorewithhismother?A.Hehashomework.B.Hehastomakedinner.C.Hehasasoccerpractice.9.Whatwillthewomanbuy?A.Bananas.B.Oranges.C.Apples.10.Wherewillthemaneatdinner?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inaclub.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whendiditsnowlasttime?A.Lastweek.B.Lastmonth.C.Lastyear.12.Whatwouldthemanhavedoneifithadn’tsnowedlasttime?A.Goskiing.B.PlayfootballC.Haveasnowfight.13.Whydoesthewomanwantadayoff?A.Todohousechores.B.Todrivesomewhere.C.Tostaywithherparents.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whichareaarethespeakersinnow?A.TheAmericanone.B.TheChineseone.C.TheEuropeanone.15.Wherewillthespeakersgatherbeforethebus?A.Inagiftshop.B.Inarestaurant,C.Attheentrance.16.Whattimewillthespeakershavelunch?A.Atabout11:00.B.Atabout13:00.C.Atabout15:00.17.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Familymembers.B.Friends.C.Strangers.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whydidthespeakerlivewiththeoldlady?A.Totakecareofher.B.TolearnPolish.C.Togetthefeelingoffamily.19.Whatdidtheoldladydoforthespeaker?A.Shedidcookingforher.B.Shewashedherclothes.C.Shecleanedherbathroom.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?AHerexperiencesinaforeignfamily.B.HerfriendshipwithKathy.C.Herwayoflearningforeignlanguages.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’researchingforapresentforatechinterestedfriend,herearecooltechgiftsforeveryone.▶RokuStreamingStickRokuStreamingStickiseasytocarry,whichletsyouplayTV,music,movies,andothercontentinasmoothsystemwithbetterqualitypictures.It’ssmallenoughtostickbehindtheTVortakewithyouwhenyouaretraveling.Justturniton,connecttotheInternet,andstartenjoyingyourself.Thetopfeature:·ThefreeRokumobileappletsyoulistentowhateveryou’rewatchingonTVthroughheadphonesconnectedtoyourphone.Price:$4,999▶JackeryBoltChargerThischargerhasbuiltinpowercords(电源线)formanyiOSandAndroiddevices,aswellasanadditionalUSBport(端口)forotherdevices.It’stiny,makingitperfectfortravel.Thetopfeature:·Enabledevicesandthebatterypackitselftobechargedatthesametime.Price:$99▶RocketbookCoreRocketbooknotebooksarelikepenandpapernetbooks,butwithoutpenandpaper.Thesedigitalnotebooksareveryreusable.TheRocketbookCoreesinachoiceoflettersize(8.5inchesx11incheswith32pages)orsmartsize(6inchesx8.8incheswith36pages).Thetopfeature:·NotescanbesavedandsentinPDFandotherforms.Price:$34▶AmazonKindleOasisTheKindleOasishasallthesamefeaturesasolderversions,suchasbuiltinWiFiandaccesstomillionsofbooks,newspapers,andaudiobooks.Italsohasmanynewfeatures,suchasthelatestelectricinktechnologyforfastpageturns.Haveafriendorfamilymember?Thisisthebestgiftforthosewholovereading.Thetopfeature:·Beingwaterproof(防水的),itcanbereadbythepool.Price:$2491.WhatdoRokuStreamingStickandJackeryBoltChargerhaveinmon?A.Theyarewaterproof.B.Theyaresmallbutexpensive.C.Theyareconvenientfortravelers.D.TheyareaccessiblethroughtheInternet.2.WhatdoweknowaboutRocketbooknotebooks?A.Theycanbereused. B.Theyhavethreedifferentsizes.C.TheyonlyshowPDFformednotes. D.Theyewithactualpensandpaper.3.WhichofthefollowingisanewfeatureofAmazonKindleOasis?A.Beingenergysaving. B.HavingbuiltinWiFi.C.Accessingthelatestnewspapers. D.Enablingfastpageturning.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几款适合送给对科技感兴趣的朋友作为礼物的电子产品。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“RokuStreamingStick”部分中的“It’ssmallenoughtostickbehindtheTVortakewithyouwhenyouaretraveling.(它很小，可以放在电视后面，也可以在旅行时随身携带。)”和“JackeryBoltCharger”部分中的“It’stiny,makingitperfectfortravel.(它很小，非常适合旅行。)”可知，Roku流媒体棒和JackeryBolt充电器的共同之处是它们对旅行者来说很方便。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“RocketbookCore”部分中的“Thesedigitalnotebooksareveryreusable.(这些电子笔记本非常容易重复使用。)”可知，Rocketbook笔记本可以重复使用。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“AmazonKindleOasis”部分中的“Italsohasmanynewfeatures,suchasthelatestelectricinktechnologyforfastpageturns.(它还有许多新功能，比如最新的电子墨水技术，可以快速翻页。)”可知，亚马逊KindleOasis的新功能是启用快速翻页。故选D。BTravelingtowatchtheirteamplayattheWorldCuptookalittlelongerthanusualfortwoFrenchfans.MehdiBalamissaandGabrielMartindecidedthebestwaytotravelfromFrancetoQatarwasontwowheels.Thefriendsspentthreemonthstraveling7,000kilometersbybicycletoreachQatar2022andwatchtheirbelovedFrancedefenditstitle.“Itwasacrazyidea,butwe’rethekindofpeoplethathavebigideasanddon’twanttohaveanyregrets,”Balamissasaid,asbothspoketoCNNSportadayafterarrivinginthecountry.“So,sincewearebothselfemployed,wedecidedtoblockoffthreemonthsofourtimeandetoQatar.”Thepairstartedtheirmammoth(庞大的)journeyattheStadedeFranceinParis,homeoftheFrenchnationalteam,andfinishedatthestunningLusailStadium,thevenuethatwillhostthefinalatQatar2022.Theywouldtravelonaverage115kilometersperday,takingappropriaterestdayswhenneeded.TheybattledthroughtheheatofthedesertinSaudiArabiaaswellasfloodedwoodlandareasinHungaryastheymadetheirwindingwaytoQatar,stoppingoffatcampsites,lodges(乡间小舍)andhotelstosleep.TheideacameaboutaftercyclingfromFrancetoItalytowatchtheircountryplayintheUEFANationsLeaguelastyearandtheywantedtotestthemselveswithamuchlongertrip.Theyhopedtheirtripwouldpromotethebenefitsofecofriendlytravelandsaidtheyplantooffercyclingworkshopstochildrenfromdisadvantagedbackgroundswhentheyeventuallyarrivehome.Thetwocyclistsencounteredmanyproblemsalongtheway,includingdozensofflattires,butreliedontheirinfectiouslypositiveattitudetogetthemthrough.Thepairlaughastheyrecallthetimetheyhadtotravel15hourstoRiyadh,SaudiArabia,inordertofindabikerepairshopbeforetraveling15hoursbacktotheexactpointwheretheyhadstopped.“Wehadmanytroubles,butwefixedthemaswewent,”MartintoldCNN.4.WhydidBalamissaandMartingotoQatar?A.Towatchtheircountrydefendingitschampion.B.Todocyclingtraining.C.Tocloseoffthreemonthsfornoregrets.D.Tosetthemapartfromtheotherfans.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutthetwofans?A.TheystartedthejourneyinParis.B.Theytraveledonanewroute.C.Theyexperiencedseverechallengesinthejourney.D.Theyenjoyedfantasticsceneryalongthejourney.6.What’sthepurposeofthetwofans’cyclingtrip?A.Tobenefitmorefromthecyclingworkshops.B.Toraiseawarenessofgreentourism.C.Toexplorethesecretsandlawsofnature.D.TobeinvolvedintheUEFANationsLeague.7.WhatcanbestdescribeBalamissaandMartin?A.Energeticanddetermined. B.Cautiousandsmart.C.Hardworkingandkind. D.Ambitiousandconsiderate.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了法国球迷MehdiBalamissa和GabrielMartin克服重重困难，完成历时三个月的自行车之旅来到卡塔尔观看自己国家的世界杯卫冕冠军赛。他们的伟大想法，积极乐观的态度，坚定的意志帮助他们完成了这次任务。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Thefriendsspentthreemonthstraveling7,000kilometersbybicycletoreachQatar2022andwatchtheirbelovedFrancedefenditstitle.(这对朋友花了三个月的时间骑自行车旅行了7000公里，来到2022年的卡塔尔，观看他们心爱的法国队卫冕冠军。)”可知，他们前往卡塔尔是为了观看自己国家球队的卫冕冠军赛。故选A项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据该段内容“Theywouldtravelonaverage115kilometersperday,takingappropriaterestdayswhenneeded.TheybattledthroughtheheatofthedesertinSaudiArabiaaswellasfloodedwoodlandareasinHungaryastheymadetheirwindingwaytoQatar,stoppingoffatcampsites,lodgesandhotelstosleep.(他们平均每天旅行115公里，必要时适当休息。他们穿过沙特阿拉伯炎热的沙漠和匈牙利被洪水淹没的林地，蜿蜒前往卡塔尔，在露营地、小屋和酒店停下来睡觉。)”可知，该段描述了“日行115公里”，“在炎热的沙漠行走”，“穿越洪水淹没地”等二人途中的艰难遭遇。因此可知，该段主要讲述了二人途中遇到的种种严峻挑战。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“Theyhopedtheirtripwouldpromotethebenefitsofecofriendlytravel...(他们希望这次旅行能宣传环保旅行的好处……)”可知，他们希望通过“自行车之旅”宣传环保旅行的好处。由此可推知，“自行车之旅”的目的是增强人们的环保旅游意识，即，生态旅游。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Thefriendsspentthreemonthstraveling7,000kilometersbybicycletoreachQatar2022andwatchtheirbelovedFrancedefenditstitle.(这对朋友花了三个月的时间骑自行车旅行了7000公里，来到2022年的卡塔尔，观看他们心爱的法国队卫冕冠军。)”和第二段内容Balamissa的采访“Itwasacrazyidea,butwe’rethekindofpeoplethathavebigideasanddon’twanttohaveanyregrets(这是一个疯狂的想法，但我们是那种有伟大想法的人，不想留下任何遗憾)”可知，历时三个月的自行车之旅来到卡塔尔观看自己国家的世界杯卫冕冠军赛，他们是“疯狂”，对生活有激情、精力充沛的人；根据文章第五段内容“Thetwocyclistsencounteredmanyproblemsalongtheway,includingdozensofflattires,butreliedontheirinfectiouslypositiveattitudetogetthemthrough.(这两名骑自行车的人一路上遇到了很多问题，包括几十个轮胎漏气了，但依靠他们极富感染力的积极态度，他们度过了难关。)”可知，他们有着积极的态度，不怕苦难，意志坚定。因此，选项A“Energeticanddetermined.(精力充沛，意志坚定。)”可描述他们二人。故选A项。CThiswillbeanessentialyearforthepioneersdevelopingelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft(电动垂直起降飞机),popularlyknownasairtaxis.Severalfirmsarehopingtheircraftcangetthenecessarycertification(证书)in2023toputthemintobusiness,providingthefirstpassengerswithservices.Airtaxisgenerallycarryfewerthanhalfadozenpassengers.Theylandandtakeoffverticallyusingmanysmallrotors(旋翼).Withcleversoftwarecontrollingtherotors,theyareeasiertoflythanahelicopter(akindofplane)andenableindependentflight.Theserotorsalsohelpimprovesafety,astheaircraftcancontinuetoflyifonefails.Somedesignsuseanextrarotorortwoatthebackofthecrafttopushthecraftalonginlevelflight.Others,likethatproducedbyJobyAviation,haverotorsthatbendforward;asetofsmallwingsthenprovideslift,makingmoreefficientuseoftheaircraft’sbatteryandincreasingtherange.Afterscratchingtheirheadsabouthowtocertifytheseflyingmachines,officialshavebeenworkingwithdevelopersonsafetystandards.Thisisatimeconsumingprocess.Besidesreceiving“type”approval,whichshowsthesafetyofanewtypeofaircraft,factoriesmustbecertifiedbeforeproductioncanbegininlargeamounts.Andairlinestylepermissionisrequiredifpassengersaretobecarried.paniesareworkinghardtogettheseapprovals.Pilotedoperationsareexpectedtobeapprovedbeforeindependentflights.InGermany,VolocopterwillflighttestafamilyofeVTOLs.Thefirmishopingitssmallest,twoseaterVoloCitycanbecertifiedintimeforthe2024OlympicsinPariswheretheplanistooperateshuttles(航班)betweenairportsandtheathletes’village.OtherairtaxifirmsalsohopetoprovideshuttlesinParis,orattheWorldExpo,whichwilltakeplaceinJapanin2025.8.Whichofthefollowingcontributestoasaferflightaccordingtothetext?A.Morerotors. B.Smartsoftware.C.Fewerpassengers. D.Skillfulpilots,9.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedpart“scratchingtheirheadsabout”inthefourthparagraph?A.Beingsatisfiedwith, B.Thinkinghardabout.C.Beinginterestedin. D.Passingjudgmenton.10.WhydoesVolocopterhopetogetitsVoloCitycertifiedearly?A.ToshowitattheWorldExpo. B.Tostrengthenitspioneeringrole.C.TooperateitattheParisOlympics. D.ToattractmorevisitorstoGermany.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GreenTransportIsBeginningtoTakeShape B.FlyingCraftHaveaLongWaytoGoC.FlyingTaxisWintheGame D.TheAirTaxiIsing【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了空中出租车公司正在获得必要的认证，以便投入运营，为第一批乘客提供服务。文章介绍了这些车的特点以及未来的发展计划。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Withcleversoftwarecontrollingtherotors,theyareeasiertoflythanahelicopter(akindofplane)andenableindependentflight.Theserotorsalsohelpimprovesafety,astheaircraftcancontinuetoflyifonefails.(通过智能软件控制旋翼，它们比直升机（一种飞机）更容易驾驶，并能独立飞行。这些旋翼也有助于提高安全性，因为如果其中一个出现故障，飞机可以继续飞行)”可知，更多的旋翼有助于更安全的飞行。故选A。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Besidesreceiving“type”approval,whichshowsthesafetyofanewtypeofaircraft,factoriesmustbecertifiedbeforeproductioncanbegininlargeamounts.Andairlinestylepermissionisrequiredifpassengersaretobecarried.paniesareworkinghardtogettheseapprovals.Pilotedoperationsareexpectedtobeapprovedbeforeindependentflights.”可知，除了获得“型号”认证（这表明一种新型飞机的安全性）外，工厂还必须获得认证，才能开始大规模生产。如果要携带乘客，还需要航空公司的许可。公司正在努力获得这些批准。预计在独立飞行之前，将批准有人驾驶飞行，说明认证这些飞行器需要认真考虑，所以官员们一直在与开发人员就安全标准进行合作。故划线词意思是“认真考虑”。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thefirmishopingitssmallest,twoseaterVoloCitycanbecertifiedintimeforthe2024OlympicsinPariswheretheplanistooperateshuttles(航班)betweenairportsandtheathletes’village.(该公司希望其最小的双座VoloCity能够在2024年巴黎奥运会前获得认证，届时该公司计划在机场和运动员村之间运营航班)”可知，Volocopter希望早日获得VoloCity认证是为了在巴黎奥运会上运作。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thiswillbeanessentialyearforthepioneersdevelopingelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft(电动垂直起降飞机),popularlyknownasairtaxis.Severalfirmsarehopingtheircraftcangetthenecessarycertification(证书)in2023toputthemintobusiness,providingthefirstpassengerswithservices.(对于开发电动垂直起降（eVTOL）飞机的先驱者来说，今年将是至关重要的一年，这种飞机通常被称为空中出租车。几家公司希望他们的飞行器能在2023年获得必要的认证，以便投入运营，为第一批乘客提供服务)”结合文章主要说明了空中出租车公司正在获得必要的认证，以便投入运营，为第一批乘客提供服务。文章介绍了这些车的特点以及未来的发展计划。可知，D选项“空中出租车来了”最符合文章标题。故选D。DCanada’snewDarkVesselDetectionprogramisusingadvancedsatellitetechnologytofindillegalfishingshipsthatattempttostealfishfromwatersaroundtheworld.Illegalfishingisamajorcontributortothedecreaseoffishandtheirhabitatdestruction.Itissaidthatillegalfishingaccountsforabout30percentoffishingactivityworldwide.Itmeansthatuto26milliontonsoffisharecaughtatacosttotheglobaleconomyofmorethan$23billionayear.Illegalfishingoccursbothonthehighseasandwithinthe200milelimitsofcoastalstates.Ithasanespeciallynegativeeffectoncoastalpopulationsinundevelopedareas.Now,thegovernment’sFisheriesandOceansCanada,inpartnershipwiththeDepartmentofNationalDefenseandMDA(Canada’sspacetechnologymaker),hasstartedanewprogramthathasalreadyledtofinesonfiveforeignships.The$7millionDarkVesselDetectionprogramusessatellitetechnologytolocateandtrackships.Someillegalfishingshipshaveswitchedofftheirlocationtransmitting(传输)equipment,inanattempttoavoidsurveillance(监视)andcontrol.Theprogramoffersstateoftheartsatellitedatatosmallislandnationsandcoastalstatesaroundtheworld.Thelocaleconomiesofthoseplacesareofteninfluencedbyillegalfishing.Findingillegalfishingshipsfromspacewillallowthesesmallislandnationstofocusontheirinvestigationsandprotecttheirfish.“Illegalfishingthreatensthehealthofourfishpopulationandtakesresources(资源)awayfromhardworking,legalfishermen,”saidBernadetteJordan,theMinisterofFisheries,OceansandtheCanadianCoastGuard,“ThisstateoftheartsystemwillhelpEcuadorandsmallislandnationsinthePacificregiondealwithillegalfishing.SuchillegalactivitywilldogreatharmtotheGalapagosIslandsandthefoodandeconomicsecurityofitspeople,”sheadded.12.WhatisthepurposeofCanada’snewDarkVesselDetectionprogram?A.Topreventseapollution. B.Toassessthelossoffishfarms.C.Toobserveendangeredfishspecies. D.Toprotectthefishpopulationworldwide.13.WhatdoesthedatainParagraph2show?A.Thedifficultiesofundevelopedcountries. B.Theslowdownintheglobaleconomy.C.Theseriousnessofillegalfishing. D.Thegeneralresultofoverfishing.14.Howdosomeillegalfishermengetridofsurveillance?A.Byspeedinguptheirships. B.Byfindingremotefishingareas.C.Byhidingsignalsoftheirships. D.Byfishinginthemiddleofthenight.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromBernadetteJordan’swords?A.Islandnationstendtosufferfoodshortages.B.Theinterestsoflegalfishermenarethreatened.C.Thetrackingsystemwillbeappliedtomorefields.D.Stricterlawswillbemadeforthefishingindustry.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大的“暗船探测”项目，使用高级卫星科技在世界各地寻找非法捕猎的的渔船。非法捕鱼是鱼类数量减少和栖息地破坏的主要原因，也威胁着合法渔民的利益，这个最先进的系统将帮助厄瓜多尔和太平洋地区的小岛屿国家处理非法捕鱼问题。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Canada’snewDarkVesselDetectionprogramisusingadvancedsatellitetechnologytofindillegalfishingshipsthatattempttostealfishfromwatersaroundtheworld.Illegalfishingisamajorcontributortothedecreaseoffishandtheirhabitatdestruction.(加拿大新的“暗船探测”项目利用先进的卫星技术，寻找试图从在世界各地的水域非法捕鱼的渔船。非法捕鱼是鱼类数量减少和栖息地破坏的主要原因)”可知，加拿大新的“暗船探测”项目的目的是保护全世界的鱼类种群。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Itissaidthatillegalfishingaccountsforabout30percentoffishingactivityworldwide.Itmeansthatupto26milliontonsoffisharecaughtatacosttotheglobaleconomyofmorethan$23billionayear.Illegalfishingoccursbothonthehighseasandwithinthe200milelimitsofcoastalstates.Ithasanespeciallynegativeeffectoncoastalpopulationsinundevelopedareas.(据说，非法捕鱼约占全球捕鱼活动的30%。这意味着每年捕捞的鱼类多达2600万吨，代价是给全球经济造成的损失超过230亿美元。非法捕鱼既发生在公海上，也发生在沿海国家200英里范围内。它对欠发达地区的沿海人口有特别不利的影响)”可知，作者通过第二段的数据说明非法捕鱼的严重性。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Someillegalfishingshipshaveswitchedofftheirlocationtransmitting(传输)equipment,inanattempttoavoidsurveillance(监视)andcontrol.(一些非法渔船关闭了定位传输设备，试图躲避监视和控制)”可知，一些非法渔民通过隐藏船只的信号摆脱监视。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段BernadetteJordan说的话“Illegalfishingthreatensthehealthofourfishpopulationandtakesresources(资源)awayfromhardworking,legalfisherme(非法捕鱼威胁着我们鱼类种群的健康，并夺走了辛勤工作的合法渔民的资源)”可推知，合法渔民的利益受到威胁。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereareseveralreasonstousecanvas(帆布)grocerybagsorreusablegrocerybagsmadefromothermaterials.Someenvironmentalorganizationshavebeenpushingfortheuseofsuchbags.____16____Fromanenvironmentalaspect,canvasgrocerybagsarebetterchoicesthanpaperorplasticbags.____17____Besides,turningtoreusablesuppliesisviewedasgreenerthanusingdisposable(一次性的)products,manyofwhichwindupinlandfills.Plasticgrocerybagshaveanumberofenvironmentaldisadvantages.Whenplasticgrocerybagsendupinthenaturalenvironment,theycancauseawiderangeofproblems.Animalsmaychokeonorbecaughtinsuchbags.____18____Whilethebagsmayeventuallybreakdown,theycanpoisonawiderangeofseacreaturesalongtheway.Asanyonewhohashadabagbrokenopenintheparkinglotknows,itcanbeveryupsettingtolosealotofgroceriestoapoorlyconstructedgrocerybag.____19____Theycanalsobeeasilywashedintheeventofleaksorspills.____20____Forexample,theycanbeusedtopickupbooksatthelibraryorcarryothershopping,andtheymakegreatbeachbagsbecauseoftheirwashability.Forpeoplewhodon’twanttocarryaroundagrocerystorelogo,canvasgrocerybagscanbeturnedinsideoutandleftplainorpaintedwithnewdesigns.A.Manygrocerystorescarrycanvasgrocerybags.B.Canvasgrocerybagshaveusesbeyondthegrocerystore.C.Instead,youonlyhavetobuyacanvasgrocerybagonce.D.What’sworse,plasticcanstayintheoceanforthousandsofyears..E.Theypointoutreusablebagscanbeasmallchangewithabigdifference.F.Canvasismoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoproducethanpaperorplastic.G.However,canvasgrocerybagscanholdmuchmoreweightthanregularones.【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.G20.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。通过与其他材质的购物袋比较，帆布购物袋更环保，更结实，可以重复使用，易清洗，也可在其他场合使用。【16题详解】根据上文“Thereareseveralreasonstousecanvas(帆布)grocerybagsorreusablegrocerybagsmadefromothermaterials.Someenvironmentalorganizationshavebeenpushingfortheuseofsuchbags.(使用帆布购物袋或由其他材料制成的可重复使用的购物袋有几个原因。一些环保组织一直在推动使用这种购物袋。)”可知，一些环保组织提倡使用帆布的或者其他材料做的可反复使用的购物袋，E项“Theypointoutreusablebagscanbeasmallchangewithabigdifference.(他们指出，可重复使用的购物袋可能是一个小小的改变，但却有很大的不同。)”，其中的They指代上文的Someenvironmentalorganizations，E项顺接上文，上下文衔接连贯，故选E项。【17题详解】上文“Fromanenvironmentalaspect,canvasgrocerybagsarebetterchoicesthanpaperorplasticbags.(从环保的角度来看，帆布购物袋是比纸袋或塑料袋更好的选择。)”为本段的中心句，下文“Besides,turningtoreusablesuppliesisviewedasgreenerthanusingdisposable(一次性的)products,manyofwhichwindupinlandfills.(此外，使用可重复使用的产品被认为比使用一次性产品更环保，因为许多一次性产品最后都被填埋了。)”可知，下文与设空处为并列关系，从环保的角度解释“帆布购物袋比纸袋或塑料袋更好”，F项“Canvasismoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoproducethanpaperorplastic.(帆布生产起来比纸或塑料更环保。)”，F项阐述的是不同材料的购物袋在生产过程中环保程度的比较，下文则是从使用次数，以及最终处理方式方面的比较，上下文衔接连贯，故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Plasticgrocerybagshaveanumberofenvironmentaldisadvantages.Whenplasticgrocerybagsendupinthenaturalenvironment,theycancauseawiderangeofproblems.Animalsmaychokeonorbecaughtinsuchbags.(塑料购物袋对环境有许多不利之处。当塑料购物袋最终进入自然环境时，它们会引起广泛问题。动物可能会被这些袋子噎住或夹住。)”，本段的第一句为中心句，表明本段主要讲述塑料购物袋不利环保。第二句为具体陈述塑料购物袋的第一个弊端，下文“Whilethebagsmayeventuallybreakdown,theycanpoisonawiderangeofseacreaturesalongtheway.(虽然塑料袋最终可能会分解，但它们会毒害沿途的各种海洋生物。)”则说明塑料袋的分解也会毒害生物，D项“What’sworse,plasticcanstayintheoceanforthousandsofyears.(更糟糕的是，塑料可以在海洋中停留数千年。)”，其中的What’sworse表明，D项顺接上文，plastic为复现词，陈述了塑料购物袋在海洋环境不利，故本段具体陈述了塑料袋导致的3个环境问题，上下文衔接连贯，故选D项。【19题详解】上文“Asanyonewhohashadabagbrokenopenintheparkinglotknows,itcanbeveryupsettingtolosealotofgroceriestoapoorlyconstructedgrocerybag.(任何一个在停车场被人弄坏过袋子的人都知道，因为一个构造不好的杂货袋而丢失了很多杂货，这是非常令人沮丧的。)”可知，本段说明了有的购物袋不结实，G项“However,canvasgrocerybagscanholdmuchmoreweightthanregularones.(然而，帆布购物袋比普通购物袋能承受更大的重量。)”，此处与上文为转折关系，强调了帆布袋的承重能力优于其他材料的购物袋，下文“Theycanalsobeeasilywashedintheeventofleaksorspills.(在泄漏或溢出的情况下，它们也可以很容易地清洗。)”，此处的They指代G项中的canvasgrocerybags，陈述了帆布购物袋的第二个优点，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选G项。【20题详解】设空处为本段的中心句，下文“Forexample,theycanbeusedtopickupbooksatthelibraryorcarryothershopping,andtheymakegreatbeachbagsbecauseoftheirwashability.(例如，它们可以用来在图书馆取书或携带其他购物物品，而且由于它们的可洗性，它们是很棒的海滩包)”说明了这些包的其他用途，B项“Canvasgrocerybagshaveusesbeyondthegrocerystore.(帆布购物袋的用途超出了杂货店。)”，下文中的they指代B项中的Canvasgrocerybags，下文起到举例说明的作用，上下文衔接连贯，故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasonthefirstlapofthedangerouscourse.Iwasgoing25mph,anditwasthefirsttimeIhad____21____toskiwithoutthebeginner’sprotectivesuit.Onthe“S”turn,arockgotstuckinmywheelandsentmeflying.Islidforabout20feetbeforeingto____22____inthebushes.Irememberthe____23____alltoowell—likeahardblowontheface.Bloodwasingoutofthewounds.Icried____24____,butitdidn’thelp.KnowingIhadnoother____25____,Igotupandstartedskiingagain.Everytime,Iplantedmypoleandextendedmylegs,Icouldfeeltheunbearablepain.Nevertheless,Ifinishedtheracewith____26____andtornclothes.Whenmymothercleanedthewounds,Iexperiencedpainwhichis____27____todescribe.Itwaslikeanacupuncturist(针灸师)wentwild,____28____mybody.Shepouredsomethingcoldonmyhot,bloody____29____.Icriedlikeacrazyman,which____30____ourneighbortoeover.Thosewerethe____31____hoursofmylife.Tothisday,overtwomonthslater,Istillhaven’tfully____32____.WheneverIlookatmywrappedknees,Iam____33____ofwhathappenedthatday.Itwasmyfirstskiingcrash,butinsteadof____34____,Iwasinspiredtokeepgoing.Inowknowwhattrue____35____feelslike,andI’mnotafraidofitanymore.21.A.failed B.decided C.pretended D.hoped22.A.stop B.sit C.rise D.wave23.A.game B.skill C.feeling D.knowledge24.A.excitedly B.clearly C.shamefully D.desperately25.A.choice B.excuse C.reason D.idea26.A.concerns B.respect C.anger D.tears27.A.dangerous B.difficult C.important D.simple28.A.treating B.cleaning C.checking D.attacking29.A.legs B.mouth C.hands D.neck30.A.persuaded B.encouraged C.alarmed D.required31.A.tiring B.last C.worst D.fantastic32.A.understood B.recovered C.woken D.returned33.A.convinced B.accused C.warned D.reminded34.A.givingup B.cheeringup C.startingoff D.lookingback35.A.love B.life C.pain D.success【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.D27.B28.D29.A30.C31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者在不穿防护服的情况下经历的滑雪事故。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的速度是每小时25英里，这是我第一次决定不穿初学者的防护服滑雪。A.failed失败；B.decided决定；C.pretended假装；D.hoped希望。根据“Iwasgoing25mph”可知，作者正在滑雪，说明此前决定不穿防护服滑雪，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我滑行了大约20英尺才在灌木丛停了下来。A.stop停止；B.sit坐；C.rise上升，提高；D.wave挥手。根据上文“Onthe“S”turn,arockgotstuckinmywheelandsentmeflying.(在S型转弯时，一块石头卡在了我的轮子上，我飞了出去)”可知，由于石块阻挡了作者的滑轮，作者腾空而起，向前滑行了20英尺才在灌木丛停了下来，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那种感觉我记得太清楚了——就像脸上挨了一拳。A.game游戏；B.skill技巧；C.feeling感觉；D.knowledge知识。根据“likeahardblowontheface”可知，此处是描述当时的感觉，故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我拼命地哭，但无济于事。A.excitedly激动地，兴奋地；B.clearly清楚地；C.shamefully可耻地；D.desperately拼命地，绝望地。根据上文“Bloodwasingoutofthewounds.(血从伤口流出来)”可知，作者受了伤，应是拼命哭喊求救，故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我别无选择，我站起来又开始滑雪。A.choice选择；B.excuse借口；C.reason原因；D.idea主意。根据上文内容以及空后“Igotupandstartedskiingagain”可知，作者受了伤，大声求救无果，所以作者别无选择，只能起身继续滑雪，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句