职称英语理工类b级模拟18

职称英语理工类B级模拟18

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最

为接近的选项

1>Itisapitythatyouhavemissedthemostimportantcontents.

A.lostB.caughtC.refusedD.

rejected

2、Hewasaverysmartboybuthemadeafoolishdecisionthistime.

A.cleverB.honestC.braveD.

dull

3、Thegovernmenthasprotectedfarmersfromdamagingdropsingrainprices.

A.slightB.surprisingC.suddenD.

harmful

4、Thesportsmeetingwasputoffbecauseoftheheavyrain.

A.putdownB.putoutC.delayedD.

cancelled

5、ThoughhewasborninAmerica,hecanspeaksmoothChinese.

A.perfectB.fluentC.poorD.

flowing

6、Weshouldneversatisfyourselveswithwhatwehavelearned

A.convinceB.contentC.comfortD.

benefit

7>Hehasaveryoutgoingpersonalityanditiseasyforhimtomakesfriends

A.abilityB.characterC.realityD.

attitude

8、Theroomwasfurnishedwiththesimplestessentials,abed,achair,and

atable

A.suppliedB.gatheredC.graspedD.

made

9、Thisarticlerequiresmoreattentiontotheproblemofculturalinterference

A.callsforB.appliesforC.caresforD.

allowsfor

10>Heisahumorousmanespeciallyhisexpressioninhisface.

A.rationallyB.obviouslyC.particularlyD.

traditionally

11>PeoplenamethisstreetBillStreetinhonorofthefamousgeneral.

A.respectingB.memorizingC.intermofD.

inviewof

12、Hedoesn1tlikethechildrenwhoarepronetotellingalie.

A.reliableB.liableC.

promisingD.declined

13、Wearedisappointedtofindoutthathehasmadeafatalmistake.

A.crucialB.foolishC.stupidD.

important

14、TheteacheraskedustosubmitthereportsbeforenextMonday.

A.handinB.handoutC.handonD.hand

back

15>Purchasingthenewproductionlinewillbeaprofitabledealforthecompany.

A.beneficialB.tremendousC.forcefulD.

favorable

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句

提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句信息

文中没有提及，请选择C

1.WalkingRobotCarriesaPerson

ThefirstwalkingrobotcapableofcarryingapersonunveiledonFriday

inTokyo,Japan.ItscreatorsatWasedaUniversityinTokyoandtheJapanese

roboticscompanyTmsukhopetheirtwo-leggedcreationwillonedayenable

wheel-chairuserstoclimbupanddownstairsandassistthemovementofheavy

goodsoveruneventerrain.

Thebakery-poweredrobotzcode-namedWL-16zisessentiallyanaluminium

（铝）chairmountedontwosetsoftelescopic（套迭的，伸缩的）poles.Thepoles

areboltedtoflatplateswhichactasfeet.WL-16uses12actuatorstomove

forwards,backwardsandsidewayswhilecarryinganadultweighingupto60

kilograms（130pounds）.Therobotcanadjustitspostureandwalksmoothly

evenifthepersonitiscarryingshiftsinthechair.Atpresentitcanonly

stepupordownafewmillimeters,buttheteamplanstomakeitcapableof

dealingwithanormalflightofstairs.

"工believethisbipedalrobot,whichIprefertocallatwo-leggedwalking

chairratherthanawheel-chair,willeventuallyenablepeopletogoupand

downthestairs,nsaidAtsuoTakanishi,fromWasedaUniversity.

"Wehavehadstrongrobotsforsometimebutusuallytheyhavebeen

n

manipulatorsztheyhavenotbeengearedtocarryingpeoplearound,saysRon

Arkin,attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyandroboticsconsultantfor

Sony."ButIdon*tknowhowsafeandhowuser-friendlyWL-16is.n

Tmsukchiefexecut,iveYoichiTakamotoarguesthatbipedalormulti-legged

robotswillbemoreusefulthanso-called"caterpillarmodels"formoving

overunevenground.

WL-16,snormalwalkingstridemeasures30centimetres,butitcanstretch

itslegsto136cmapart,Theprototypeiscurrentlyradio-controlled,but

theresearchteamplanstoequipitwithastick-likecontrollerfortheuser

infuture,Takanishisaid,itwilltake"atleasttwoyears'*todevelopthe

WL-16prototypeintoaworkingmodel.

Smaller,ground-huggingrobotshavebeendevelopedtopassacrosstricky-

terrain.Onemaggot-likedeviceusesamagneticfluidtopulseitswayalong

whileanothersnake-likerobotusessmartsoftwaretodevisenewmovement

strategiesifthelandscapetakesitstollonanyonepart.Oneball-shaped

robotevenusesaleap-and-bounceapproachtotraveloverbumpyterritory.

Butnoneofthesearebigorstrongenoughtocarryapersontoo.

16、Therobotenableswheel-chairuserstoclimbupanddownstairs.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Therobotcancarryanadultofupto60kilograms.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Therobotismoreawheel-chairthanatwo-leggedwalkingchair.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、RonArkinthinksWL-16isuser-friendly.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、TheWL-16prototypeissmall-sized.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Bipedalormulti-leggedrobotsaremoreskillfulthan"caterpillarmodels',

onunevenground.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、UnlikeWL-16zround-hugging,maggot-likezsnake-like,ball-shapedrobots

arenotwalkingrobots.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：⑴第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1〜4段每

段选择1个最佳标题；⑵第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选

项。

Radar

1.Childrenenjoyshoutingatahighwallandheatingthesoundcomebacktothem.

Thesesoundsarecalledechoes（回声）.Echoeshavegivenusanumberofvaluabletools.

2.Echosoundingdeviceswereearlyusedinmakingmapsoftheoceanfloor.

Soundsorultrasonic（超声的）soundsmakegoodtoolsfordetermininghowdeepthe

waterisunderships.Sometimesechoesfromultrasonicdistancefindingdeviceswere

preventedfromworkingbyfishswimmingpastorbythepresenceoflargeobjects.So

ultrasonicdeviceshavebeenreplacedbyothertools.

3.Radarisnowafamiliartool.Likemanyothersitwasanunexpecteddiscovery.It

wasfirstobservedbytworesearchers,whowerestudyingsoundcommunication.They

weresendingsignalsfromastationononesideofariverinWashington,D.C.toa

vehicleacrosstheriver.Theydiscoveredthattheirsignalswerestoppedbypassing

ships.Theyrecognizedtheimportanceofthisdiscoveryatonce.

4.AUthiswasofcoursejustastart,fromwhichourpresentradarhasdeveloped.

Theword"radar,'*infact,getsitsnamefromtheterm"radiodetection（检测）and

ranging.""Ranging"isthetermfordetectionofthedistancebetweenanobjectandthe

radarset.Today,inourscientificage,itwouldbedifliculttomanagewithoutradar.

5.Oneofthemanyusesofradarisasaspeedcontroldeviceonhighways.Whena

personinanautomobileisdrivingfasterthanthespeedlimit,radarwillshowthis

clearlyandthetrafficpolicecantakemeasurestostophim.

6.Apilotcannotflyaplanebysightalone.Manyconditionssuchasflyingatnight

andlandingindensetogrequirethepilottouseradar.Humaneyesarenotverygood

atdeterminingspeedsofapproachingobjects,butradarcanshowthepilothowfast

nearbyplanesaremoving.

A.StudyofSoundB.HighwayPolice

C.WorkingPrinciplesD.EarlyUseof"Radar"

E.UsefulToolsF.DiscoverybyChance

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

A.detectnearbyobjectsB.determinethedepthof

theoceanwater

C.decidehowfastyoudriveD.stoppassingships

E.maptheoceanfloorF.observewaterflow

27、Echo-soundingdeviceswereearlyusedto

28、Ultrasonicdevicewereusedto.

29、Policeuseradaronhighwaysto.

30、Radarhelpspilotsto.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，文后有5道题。请根据短文内容为每题定一个最佳选项。

MicrosoftLaunchesFreeSecurity

Microsofthasreleaseditsfreecomputersecuritypackagetothepublic.

From29September,Windowsuserswillbeabletodownloadthesoftware

fromMicrosoft*sSecurityEssentialswebsite.

Thefreesoftwaregivesbasicprotectionagainstvirusesztrojans,rootkits,

andspyware.TheEssentialssoftwareisMicrosoft*ssecondtryatmakingan

own-brandsecuritypackage.

PriortoreleaseabetaversionofSecurityEssentialssoftware,codenamed

Morro,hasbeenavailabletousersintheUSzChina,Brazil,andIsrael.

Microsoftsaidthesoftwarewouldbeavailabletoanyonewhowantedto

useitanddownloadingitwouldnotinvolveregisteringwiththesoftware

firmorhavingalimitontheamountoftimeitcouldbeusedfor.

"Consumershavetoldusthattheywanttheprotectionofreal-timesecurity

softwarezbutthattheyareconfusedbytrialsandrenewalsandconcerned

aboutperformanceandasaresult,toomanyareunprotected"saidAmyBarzdukas,

generalmanagerforconsumersecurityatMicrosoftinastatement.

Theonlyrestrictiononuseisthatithastobeinstalledona"genuine11

WindowsPC—OnewhosecopyofitsoperatingsystemhasbeenverifiedbyMicrosoft.

InthefreesoftwaremarketMicrosoftfacescompetitionfrommanyothers

includingAVG.AlwilAvast,AviraAntivirandComodo.

ThefreesoftwarerunsonWindowsXP,Vistaandwillalsobeavailable

forWindows7whenitisreleasedinlateOctober.Updateswillbeprovided

automaticallytothosewhoinstallthesoftware.

PriortoworkingonSecurityEssentialszMicrosoftoffereditsWindows

LiveOneCarepaidsecuritysoftwarebutthisfailedtowinasignificant

userbaseinthehighlycompetitiveconsumermarket.Thissoftwarewaswithdrawn

inmid.2009.

31、isNOTbeprotectedagainstbythefreesecuritysoftware.

A.Trojans.B.Spyware.

C.Viruses.D.Piratedsoftware.

32、Wherehasthesoftwarebeenavailablepriortoreleaseabetaversion?

A.Canada.B.Israel.

C.German.D.Japan.

33、WhatistherestrictiononusingthisSecurityEssentialssoftware?

A.Three-monthtrials.B.Toinstallona"genuine"

WindowsPC.

C.Users1Windowssystem.D.Users1computerliteracy.

34、WhichofthefollowingsystemisNOTcompatiblewiththisfreesoftware?

A.WindowXP.B.Vista.

C.Windows7.D.Unix.

35、WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMicrosoftnewfreesecuritysoftware?

A.Ithasnocompetitorinthefreesoftwaremarket.

B.Downloadingitwouldrequireregisterwiththesoftwarefirm.

C.ItcanrunonWindows7releasedinlateSeptember.

D.Automaticallyupdateswillbeprovidedtousers.

ToPreventDeathsInHospitalOperating

Doctorsaroundtheworldnowperformmorethantwohundredthirtymillion

majoroperationseveryyear.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsayspreventable

injuriesanddeathsfrommedicaloperationsareagrowingconcern.

Expertsestimatethatatleastonemillionpeopledieeveryyearbecause

ofcomplicationsfromsurgicaltreatments.TheW.H.0.saysstudiessuggest

thatabouthalfoftheseproblemsmaybepreventable.TheUnitedNationsagency

hopestoreducemistakeswithaprogrambuiltaroundanewSurgicalSafety

Checklist.

AtulGawandeworksattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthinBoston,

Massachusetts.HehelpeddeveloptheSafeSurgerySavesLivesprogram.Doctor

Gawandeandotherresearchersstudiedrecordsfromfifty-sixcountries.

Intwothousandfour,surgicalcomplicationsindevelopedcountriesled

todeathinlessthanonepercentofcases.Indevelopingcountries,therate

wasfivetotenpercent.Complicationscanhappenduringanoperationorafter.

Forexample,aninfectionmightdevelopafteranoperation.

Morethantwohundredmedicalsocietiesandhealthministrieshavejoined

intheefforttomakesurgerysafer.Thenewlistissimilartowhatairplane

pilotsusebeforeflying.

Onememberofthesurgicalteamisresponsibleforthechecklist.Thefirst

questionsareaskedbeforethepatientreceivesanesthesia.Theveryfirst

stepistoconfirmthepatient*sidentityandtheoperationtobeperformed.

Morequestionsareaskedbeforethefirstcut.Allmembersoftheteam

aresupposedtoidentifythemselvesbynameandjob.Anotherstepistoconfirm

whetherthepatientwasgivenantibioticdrugswithinthelasthourtoprevent

infection.

Thethirdandfinalpartofthechecklistiscompletedbeforethepatient

leavestheoperatingroom.Forexample,surgicalequipmentiscountedtomake

surenothingunnecessarystaysinthepatient.

Ateightlocationsworldwide,theseactionswerebeingdoneonlythirty-six

percentofthetime.ButtheW.H.0.saysuseofthelistincreasedthat

tosixty-eightpercent.Somehospitalsreachedalmostonehundredpercent.

Earlyresultsfromonethousandpatientsshowedadropincomplications

anddeaths.DoctorGawandesaysthechecklisthashelpedhiminhisownsurgery.

Afinalversionofthelistisexpectedbytheendoftheyear.

36、Whatisthesuggestedeffortmentionedinthispassagetopreventdeaths

andinjuriesinhospitaloperation?

A.Toreducesurgicaltreatments.

B.TobuildaroundanewSurgicalSafetyChecklist.

C.Tooffermoreprofessionaltrainingtosurgicaldoctors.

D.Tolaunchhealthcarereform.

37、HowmanystepsarethereforthenewSurgicalSafetyChecklistcarried

outbytheUnitedNationsagency?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.

Five.

38、WhatisthefirststepoftheChecklistsupposedtobe?

A.Toconfirmthepatient*sidentityandtheoperationtobeperformed.

B.Tocheckthedoctor*snameandtitle.

C.Toconfirmifthepatientwasgivenantibioticdrugs.

D.Tocheckifallthenecessaryequipmentprepared.

39、Whatisthepurposeforthethirdandfinalpart?

A.Tomakesurethepatientfeelscomfortable.

B.Tomakesurethepatienthasnothingbelongingsleftbehind.

C.Tomakesurenothingunnecessarystaysinthepatient.

D.Todoitjustasaroutine.

40、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothisarticle?

A.Therateofsurgicalcomplicationsindevelopedcountriesishigher

thanoneindevelopingcountries.

B.Halfofthecomplicationsfromsurgicaltreatmentsmaybepreventable.

C.Thefirststepofchecklistisperformedbeforethepatientreceives

anesthesia.

D.Afinalversionofthechecklistisexpectedbytheendoftheyear.

MarsProbeWatchesWater-iceFade

ThepicturesacquiredbyaNASAorbiter(卫星)showwhitematerialexposed

byfleshmeteoriteimpactsfadingovertime-behaviourexpectedoficeonMars.

Anonboardinstrumentalsodetectedthetell-talechemicalsignatureofwater.

Todatezexposedwater-icehasonlybeenseenatveryhighlatitudes.The

USspaceagency*s(NASA,recentPhoenixprobefamouslydugintowater-ice

atits"highArctic"landingsite.Theimplication,evenwiththesmallset

ofexamplesscientistsnowhave,isthatbroaddepositsoficesitjustbelow

theredtop-soilofMars."There*saconsistentpicturestartingtoemerge

nowthatthesebroadsheetsmaybecommononMars,”observedShaneBymeof

theUniversityofArizona,amemberoftheteamrunningtheHiRISEcamera

onNASA*sMarsReconnaissanceOrbiter(MRO).

"Thevolumeofwaterisprobablycomparabletothevolumethatwewould

haveintheGreenlandicesheetontheEanh-intheburiedicedepositsthat

stretchfromeachpoletomid-latitudes.n

MROhasproduced"earlierHand"laternimagesatfivefreshimpactsites

madein2008.ThesewereallhalfwaybetweentheNorthPoleandtheequator

onMars.

Thecraters（划、形ill,陨石坑）weresmall,justafewmetresacross,gouged

outbyincomingspacerocksthatmayhavebeennomorethan10cminsize.

Thebright,whitedepositsuncoveredbytheimpactswereseentowitherover

timezsomethingexposedwater-icecannothelpbutdointhelow-pressureMartian

atmosphere.Itisboundtosublimate-toturndirectlyfromasolidintoaVapour.

However,thelengthoftimeittooktofadewasagoodindicationthat

theicewasverypure.Haditcontainedalotofdirtmixedinwithit,the

icewouldhavesublimatedmuchquicker,scientistssaid.

ThediscoveriesmadebyMROaresaidtoindicatethatMarshadamorehumid

climateintherelativelyrecentpast,withinthelast10z000years.Scientists

suspectmuchofthisicecameoutoftheatmosphere.Watervapourintheatmosphere

willdiffusethroughtheparticlesofthesoiluntilitgetstoacertain

depthwhereitthenfreezes.

Thelocationsoftheexposedicefitwiththemodelsusedtopredictwhere

groundicemightbestablezi.e.frommiduptohighlatitudes.

"ThemorehumidtheMartianatmosphere,themoreextensivetheareaof

thisstableice.HexplainedShaneByme."Basedonthelocationsofthese

craterszweareabletosaysomethingabouthowmuchwaterwasintheMartian

atmosphererecently,andthatturnsouttobealotmorethanisintheatmosphere

today—maybealmostdoublewhat*sintheatmospheretoday.”

41>WhatnewfindingshasNASAacquired?

A.Anewplanet

B.CreatureonMars

C.BroaddepositsoficesitbelowtheMartiansurface

D.Large-scalewater

42、Wherehastheexposedwater-icebeenseentodate?

A.LowlatitudesB.Equator

C.MidandhighlatitudesD.Highlatitudes

43、Whydidscientistsaytheicewasverypure?

A.Theicesublimatedveryquick.

B.Ittookmuchlongertimetofade.

C.Theyhaddoneexperimentontheice.

D.Theyjudgedbytheobservationonthevapour.

44、WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoShaneByme?

A.BroadsheetsoficemaybecommononMars.

B.ThevolumeofwaterisincomparabletothevolumeintheGreenlandice

sheetontheEarth.

C.ThelesshumidtheMartianatmospherezthemoreextensivetheareaof

thisstableice.

D.Thewaterturnsouttobemuchlessthanisintheatmospheretoday.

45、WhatdidtheMRO1sdiscoveriesindicate?

A.Marshadamorehumidclimatewithinthelast10z000years.

B.TheremustbecreaturesonMars.

C.Marsissuitableforhumantolive.

D.Nasaisequippedwithmostadvancedtechnology.

第5部分：补全短文

下面短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其

分别放同原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

1.TooDangerousforCollege

OnTuesday,theAssociatedPressreportedthatbeermakerAnheuser-Busch

hasscaledbackapromotioncalled"FanCansninwhichthecompanytargeted

collegestudentsbypaintingcansofBudLightinschoolcolors.46Inresponse,

thecompanyagreedtostopsellingthespecial-editioncanswherecolleges

objected.

Anumberofcollegeshadcomplainedaboutthecampaign,onthegrounds

H

thatzamongotherthingszitsendsthewrongmessageaboutdrinking.Wethink

it*sanill-conceivedandinappropriatecampaignthatrunscountertoour

collectiveeffortstocombatunderagedrinking,"aspokesmanforBostonCollege

toldtheAssociatedPress.

Onitsfacezrestrictingtheabilityofbeermakerstotargetcollegestudents

directlyseemslikeafineidea.Afterall,thelogicseemstogo,thesepeople

areoldenoughtobeawayfromhomezbutnotquiteoldenoughtomakeresponsible

decisions.