考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷20（共195题）

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷20（共9套）（共195题）考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷第1套一、阅读（常规阅读理解）(本题共25题，每题1.0分，共25分。)Boysandgirlsusedtogrowupandsetasidetheirchildishpursuits.Notanymore.Thesedays,menandwomenholdontotheirinnerkid.Theylivewiththeirparentsfarlongerthanpreviousgenerations.They'regettingmarriedlater.Evenwhentheyhavekids,momsanddadsdownloadpopsongsfortheircellphoneringtones,playvideogames,watchcartoons,andindulgeinfoodsfromtheirchildhood.ChristopherNoxonexploresthisPeterPancultureinhisnewbook,Rejuvenile:Kickball,Cartoons,Cupcakes,andtheReinventionoftheAmericanGrownup.Forrejuvenilestoday,allroadsleadbacktoPeterPanandtheturnofthetwentiethcentury.Thenaturalcapacitiesofchildren,whichforcenturieshadbeenviewedasweakandobstinatewereoverthecourseofthesefewyearsdiscoveredasaprimarysourceofinspirationandprofit.Itwouldbeanothercenturybeforetherejuvenilerebellionweknowtoday,butresistancetowhathistorianWoodyRegistercalls"theweakeningprudence,restraintandsolemnityofgrowingup"beganhere,withthefirstflightofPanandthedawnofthetwentiethcentury.Thetemptationtodayistothinkofadulthoodasahistoricandnaturalfact.Ina2004essayon"ThePerpetualAdolescent,"JosephEpsteinwrotethatadulthoodwastreatedasthe"lengthiestandmostearnestpartoflife,whereeverythingserioushappened."Tostrayoutsidethedefinedboundariesofadulthood,hewrote,was"togoagainstwhatwasnaturalandtherebytoappearinappropriate,toputone'sworldsomehowoutofjoint."BeforetheIndustrialRevolution,noonethoughtmuchaboutadulthood,andevenlessaboutchildhood.Insixteenth-centuryEurope,forinstance,"childrensharedthesamegameswithadults,thesametoys,andthesamefairystories.Theylivedtheirlivestogether,neverapart,"noteshistorianJ.H.Plumb.Thisshouldn'tsuggestthatpeopleinthepastdidn'tdistinguishbetweenkidsandgrown-ups.ofcoursetheydid.Thedistinctionformsthebasisofritesofpassagethatareasoldashumanhistory.Amazonianinitiationrites,JewishBarandBatMitzvahs,Christianconfirmations—allservethesamebasicfunction:toformallyannouncetheendofchildhoodandtheassumptionofnewdutiesandfreedoms.It'samistake,though,toconfusematuritywithadulthood.ThematuritycelebratedintraditionalritesofpassageisnotthesamethingastheideaofadulthoodhatchedacenturyagobyagroupofVictorianclergymenandsocietyladies.Maturityisold."Adulthood"isnew.1、Accordingtothepassage,PeterPancultureisprobablyaphenomenonthatA、peoplecastawaytheirchildishpursuitsoncetheygrowup.B、peopleindulgeinfoodsandgamesfromtheirchildhood.C、peoplestillactinachildishwaywhentheyareadults.D、peoplehangontotheiradultinterestsandattitudes.标准答案：D知识点解析：事实细节题。根据PeterPanculture定位至第一段。其中说到现今的男男女女虽长大成人，内心却依然童稚，并列举了种种相关现象，故C项正确。A项是对第一段第一句话的同义转换，但原文句中的usedto提示那是过去的事情，现在并非如此；B项只是众多例子中的一个，过于片面，不够概括；D项意思与第一段所表达的中心意思相反。2、ThenaturalcapacitiesofchildrenturnouttobeA、weakandunpredictable.B、inspiringandprofitable.C、restrainedandsolemn.D、historicandnatural.标准答案：B知识点解析：推理判断题。根据ilaturalcapacitiesofchildren定位至第二段。第三句提到小孩子的天生特质在短短几年的时间里被发掘出来，成了灵感和利益的主要源泉，题干中的turnout是对原文中werediscoveredas的同义改写，B项改变了原文中inspirationandprofit的词性，属于另一种意义的同义替换。“启发灵感和有利可图的”，符合题意，为正确选项。A项的weak是长期以来人们的看法，unpredictable文中并无提及，故排除；C项是历史学家乌迪·罗杰斯特3、TowhichofthefollowingstatementswillJosephEpsteinmostprobablyagree?A、Consideringadulthoodashistoricandnaturalisdangerous.B、Adulthoodisthelongestandmostimportantperiodinourlife.C、Sinceyouareanadult,youshouldbehavelikeanadult.D、Adulthoodisnotnecessarilyahistoricandnaturalperiodinone’slife.标准答案：C知识点解析：推理判断题。根据JosephEpstein定位至第三段。其中他提到，游离于“成人”边界之外，就是“违反自然，因此就会表现异常，会让一个人的世界从某种程度上来说处于混乱状态”，可见他不赞同成年人“扮嫩”，因此C项正确。adulthoodashistoricandnatural属于Thetemptationtoday，并不是Epstein的观点，据此排除A、D两项；B项是强干扰项，mostimportant的说法无原文依据。4、HistorianJ.H.Plumb’sremarksarecitedtoshowthatA、adultsandchildrenhadmanythingsincommon.B、adultsandchildrenenjoyedaprettycloserelationship.C、bothchildhoodandadulthoodarenewtopics.D、adulthoodisnotahistoricandnaturalfact.标准答案：D知识点解析：事实细节题。根据J.H.Plumb定位至第三段。他的言论是作为一个反面例证来证明第三段开头那句话：当今，人们非常倾向于将成年看做是具有历史和自然意义的现实。言外之意是成年并不是一个历史概念，故D项正确。A、B两项是陈述表面现象，是例证题的常见干扰项；C项newtopics属于过度推断，文中并未提及。5、SuchritesofpassageasChristianconfirmationsareperformedtocelebrateA、childhood.B、adolescence.C、maturity.D、adulthood.标准答案：C知识点解析：事实细节题。根据Christianconfirmation定位至最后一段。本段第六句提到，传统成年礼所庆祝的“生理成熟”完全不同于“成年期”，因此可知传统成人仪式庆祝的是生理成熟，C项maturity正确。A项“童年时期”、B项“青春期”均可排除，而文中说Thematurity……isnotthesamethingastheideaofadulthood(生理成熟跟成年期的概念不同)，可知D项“成年期”为干扰项，应当排除。Afterclashesbetweenriotpoliceandprotesters,workersattheKeihinHotelinTokyowereforciblyejectedonJanuary25th.TheyhadbeenfiredinOctoberwhenthehotelwentbankrupt,butdecidedtokeepitrunning—anexampleofthelengthstowhichpeoplewillgotokeeptheirjobsinJapan,whereunemploymentissuddenlyrisingatanalarmingrate.Over150,000peopleareexpectedtolosetheirjobsbetweenOctoberandMarch.HisashiYamadaoftheJapanResearchInstituteexpects1.5millionjoblossesbytheendofnextyear,liftingtheunemploymentratefrom4%lastyeartoover6%Thoughlowbyinternationalstandards,yetthatisexceptionallyhighinJapan.Hardesthitwillbe"non-regular"workers—thosewhoworkpart-time,asday-laborers,forafixedduration,orunderagencycontracts."Regular"workersenjoybenefitssuchashousing,bonuses,framingand(usually)lifetimeemployment,butnon-regularworkersearnaslittleas40%ofthepayforthesamework,anddonotreceivetraining,pensionsorunemploymentinsurance.Inthepast20yearstheirnumbershavegrowntoone-thirdofallworkers.ForyearsmostJapaneseignoredtheirpredicamentButnowtheirproblemshaveeruptedintoplainsight.InJanuaryaround500recentlyfired,homelesspeoplesetupatentvillageinHibiyaPark—ahighlyvisiblespotinthecentreofTokyo.Politiciansandtelevisionnewscrewsflockedtothescene.Theembarrassedcitygovernmenteventuallyfoundaccommodationforthepark'shomelessinunusedcity-ownedbuildings,thoughitputthemupforonlyaweek.TheproblemisthatJapanlacksasocialsafetynet,saysMakotoYuasa,theorganizeroftheHibiyatentvillage,whodroppedoutofaPhDprogramatTokyoUniversitytohelphomelesspeople.Becausefamiliesorcompaniestraditionallylookedafterpeople,thestatedidnothaveto.Moreover,thereisastigmainJapanifanunemployedpersonasksforhelp:"Ifyoudon'twork,youdon'tdeservetoeat",thesayinggoes.Yettherearesignsofchange.Themainpoliticalpartiesrecognizetheneedtoestablishbettersupportandtrainingfornon-regularworkers.Andthereisevenanewgovernmentprogramtohelpunemployedforeignworkers,suchasBrazilianswhoworkedatcarfactories,sothattheydonotleaveJapaniftheyarelaidoff.Withashrinkingpopulationandworkforce,losingskilledhandswouldonlycompoundthecountry'swoeswhentheeconomyeventuallyrecovers.6、WecaninferfromtheeventofKeihinHotelinJapanthatA、workerswouldtryeverymeanstokeeptheirjobs.B、theprotestersarefiredbecauseofseveralconflicts.C、thehotelhastobeshutdowntoavoidfurtherclashes.D、unemployedworkerscauseinstabilityinthesociety.标准答案：A知识点解析：事实细节题。考查例证细节。根据KeihinHotel定位到第一段。例子要说明的情况通常出现在例子的前面或者后面。该段提到的KeihinHotel事件是人们为了保住自己的饭碗不遗余力的一个例子，故选A项。B项所述属于这次事件的一个经过.不是该事件所说明的问题；文章没有提及关闭旅店是为了避免进一步冲突，也没有提及社会不稳定这一问题，故C、D项不可选。7、Themaindifferencebetweenregularworkersandnon-regularworkersliesinA、workingenvironment.B、legalstatus.C、jobbenefits.D、laborintensity.标准答案：C知识点解析：事实细节题。考查转折细节，答案在第二段。题干问的是正式工和非正式工的主要差别。文中提到正式T能享受住房、奖金、培训等福利，但是非正式工却没有，故选C项。其他三项均是随意捏造，均未在文中提及。8、Theword"predicament"(line1,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeansA、plight.B、inferiority.C、poverty.D、misery.标准答案：A知识点解析：词义理解题。答案在第三段。predicament一词出现在第三段首句中，通常段落的首句往往起到承上启下的作用。第二段主要讲非正式工所承受的不公待遇及所遭遇的问题。而第三段第二句指出非正式工的难题已是有目共睹，那么之前那句话中过往人们忽略的便是他们的“困境”，故选A项“困境”。B项“自卑”、C项“贫困”、D项“痛苦”都只是涉及这些难题的一部分，太过片面。9、ThetextsuggeststhattentvillageinHibiyaParkhasA、shownmostlaid-offworkersinTokyowerehomeless.B、helped500homelessorjoblesspeopletofindalivingplace.C、changedthetraditionalviewofworkinginJapan.D、pushedthecitygovernmenttoaddressthesocialsecurityproblem.标准答案：D知识点解析：推理判断题。根据HibiyaPark定位到第三段。该段提到Hibiya公园的帐篷村促使很多政府部门和政客们纷纷关注并开始着手解决这一问题。故选D项。该段提到了500名左右刚刚遭遇解雇而无家可归的人在Hibiya公园搭建了一个帐篷村，这当然从一定程度上反映了日本失业人群的悲惨遭遇，但是这并不代表大多数东京的失业人群都处于无家可归的境地，故A项推断过度；此外例子中所提到的人群是既失业又无家可归的，故B项中or这一选择关系错误：在文章的最后一段中的确有提到对于在日本工作所持有的传统观念在改变，但这并不是Hib10、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A、TheunemploymentrateinJapanisrelativelyhighcomparedwithothernations.B、ThepresentunemploymentrateinJapanisamongthehighestinitshistory.C、Thegovernmenthasnotyetrecognizedtheneedtohelpnon-regularworkers.D、Thegovernmentisreluctanttotakemeasurestokeepthetechnicalworkers.标准答案：B知识点解析：事实细节题。迅速浏览选项，根据A、B项中的unemployment定位到第一段，该段提到尽管根据国际标准日本的失业率还算是低的，但是在日本国内这一比率已是奇高无比了，故选B项。A项无原文依据；文章最后一段表明了日本政府已经认识到有必要给非正式工提供更好的支持和培训，故C项错误；同时，最后一段表明日本政府已出台一些计划以帮助外国员工，可见D项的reluctant一词的表述也错误。Human-inducedclimatechangeislikelytomakemanypartsoftheworlduninhabitable,oratleastuneconomic.Overthecourseofafewdecades,ifnotsoonerhundredsofmillionsofpeoplemaybecompelledtorelocatebecauseofenvironmentalpressures.Toasignificantextent,waterwillbethemostimportantdeterminantofthesepopulationmovements.Dramaticalterationsintherelationbetweenwaterandsocietywillbewidespread,asemphasizedinthenewreportfromWorkingGroupIIoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.Theseshiftsmayincluderisingsealevels,strongertropicalcyclones,thelossofsoilmoistureunderhighertemperatures,moreintenseprecipitationandflooding,morefrequentdroughts,themeltingofglaciersandthechangingseasonalityofsnowmelt.Impactswillvarywidelyacrosstheworld.Itwillbeimportanttokeepoureyeonatleastfourzones:low-lyingcoastalsettlements,farmregionsdependentonriversfedbysnowmeltandglaciermelt,subhumidandaridregions,andhumidareasinSoutheastAsiavulnerabletochangesinmonsoonpatterns.Asignificantriseinsealevels,evenbyafractionofametercouldruintensorevenhundredsofmillionsofpeople.Onestudyfoundthatalthoughcoastalareaslessthan10metersabovesealevelconstituteonly2percentoftheworld'sland,theycontain10percentofitspopulationThesecoastalzonesarevulnerabletostormsurgesandincreasedintensityoftropicalcyclones—callittheNewOrleansEffect.Regionsmuchfartherinlandwillwither.Hundredsofmillionsofpeople,includingmanyofthepoorestfarmhouseholds,liveinrivervalleyswhereirrigationisfedbymeltingglaciersandsnow.Theannualsnowmeltiscomingearliereveryyear,synchronizingitlessandlesswellwiththesummergrowingseason,andtheglaciersaredisappearingaltogether.Thus,thevastnumbersoffarmersintheIndo-GangeticPlainwillmostlikelyfaceseveredisruptionsinwateravailability.Untilnow,theclimatedebatehasfocusedonthebasicscienceandthecostsandbenefitsofreducinggreenhousegasemissions.Attentionwillnowincreasinglyturntotheurgentchallengeofadaptingtothechangesandhelpingthosewhoaremostaffected.Somehard-hitplaceswillberescuedbybetterinfrastructurethatprotectsagainststormsurgesoreconomizesonwaterforagriculture.Otherswillshiftsuccessfullyfromagriculturetoindustryandservices.Yetsomeplaceswillbeunabletoadjustaltogether,andsufferingpopulationswillmostlikelymove.Wearejustbeginningtounderstandthesephenomenainquantitativeterms.Economists,hydrologists,agronomistsandclimatologistswillhavetojoinforcestotakethenextstepsinscientificunderstandingofthishumancrisis.11、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A、Manyplacesintheworldareunsuitabletoliveinduetoclimatechange.B、Environmentalpressuresmayrenderplentyofpeopledisplaced.C、Manypeoplemayhavetoleavetheirhometownsforlackofwater.D、Risingsealevelswillbequiteacommonphenomenonaroundtheworld.标准答案：B知识点解析：事实细节题。答案在第一、二段中找。文中提到气候变化可能会在不久的将来迫使人们迁移，故选B项。A项提到由于气候变化地球上很多地方不适宜居住，表面上看该选项表达准确，但are表明了这是既成的事实，而文中表达的却是一种预测，故A项错误；文中的确提及水资源将是造成人口迁移最重要的因素，但有关水资源的问题表现在方方面面，C项把广义上的水资源问题限定到了唯一的缺水问题，与事实不符；D项中上升的海平面文中的确有提及，但后半部分内容并未提及。12、AttentionshouldbepaidtohumidareasinSoutheastAsiainthatA、theyaresubjecttothechangesofmonsoonpatterns.B、theyareendangeredbyfastdevelopingindustries.C、anyriseinsealevelswillcausecertaindamagestothem.D、theymaybedriedupbecauseofglobalwarming.标准答案：A知识点解析：事实细节题，考查因果细节。根据humidareasinSoutheastAsia，定位到第三段。vulnerableto引导的形容词词组修饰humidareas，本身含有因果逻辑关系，意为“(因为)东南亚潮湿地区易受季风型态改变的影响(所以值得密切注意)”，故选A项。文中并未提及B项的内容；C项中的them指代humidareas，而文中讲的是海平面升高给人类带来灾难，而非潮湿地区，故排除C项；文中提到的是海平面上升给一些地区带来的水淹问题。D项中的driedup“干涸”及globalw13、Theword"synchronizing"(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeansA、synthesizing.B、preceding.C、coinciding.D、harmonizing.标准答案：C知识点解析：词义理解题。根据上下文，居住在河谷附近的居民是依靠融雪和冰川融水灌溉的，而在融雪季节每年都在提前这一大背景下，造成庄稼干旱的原因只能是融雪季和作物成长季不“同步”，故选C项“同时发生”。A项意为“合成”，D项意为“和谐”，意思跟语境没有任何联系，均排除；B项意为“领先”，代人文中为造成庄稼干旱的原因是因为融雪季和作物成长季不“领先”，这说不通，故也排除。14、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A、Theissueofgreenhousegasemissionsdoesnotdeservesomuchattention.B、Wehavetounderstandclimatechangesinbothquantitativeandqualitativeterms.C、Measuresshouldbetakentohandlethealterationsinwater-societyrelation.D、Peoplefromallwalksoflifeshouldjoinhandsincombatingwatershortage.标准答案：C知识点解析：推理判断题。最后一段第二句提到的now表明此处的信息才是更重要的，即如何适应气候变化，如何帮助受影响最深的人们。some后的内容给出了一些具体措施，其中提及了改善防洪防暴或能节约农业水资源的基础设施，这符合C项的内容，故选C。最后一段的确呼吁人们应该更多地关注如何适应气候变化等相关问题.但并没有否认对温室气体的关注，故A项与事实不符；文中提到定量分析，未提及定性分析，B项无中生有：该段讲到各领域科学家应该联手研究及应对气候变化带来的诸多危机，D项中的watershortage显然把大概念错误地用小概念替15、"Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A、WaterandLifeB、ChangesinWater-SocietyRelationC、WaterProblemandItsImpactsD、ClimateChangeRefugees标准答案：D知识点解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是全球气候变化可能会导致人口大规模迁移问题的产生，对比四个选项，D项最全面。虽然全文花了较大篇幅阐述水资源问题如何引发人口迁移，但这只是气候变化造成人口迁移的一个决定性因素而非全部。A项、B项及C项都只提及水资源和社会或者生活的关系，太片面了，均排除。Effortscouldpotentiallyavoidatleastsomeofthepsychopathy(mentalillness)thatunderliesschoolshootings,sincemedicinenowcanhelpeventhemostseverelyill.Andtheywouldalsobenefitthemanyyoungpeoplestrugglingwithfarlessextremebraindisorders.TheU.S.SecretService,whichstudies"targetedviolence",providesinsightontheurgencyoftheneedinits2002"SafeSchoolInitiative"report:Schoolattacks,insteadofbeingtherandomimpulsiveactsofnoisyandcruelfellows,arewell-plannedeventsmostlycarriedoutbyasinglestudent—whoisnotevilbutmentallyillExceptforbeingmale,the41attackersstudiedfitnoprofileoffamilybackground,race,ethnicity,orevenacademicperformance.ManywereAandBstudents.Fewhadahistoryofviolentorcriminalbehavior.Buttheirthoughtswereofviolence,andtheirbehaviorwasoftenintimidating.Theyfrequentlyexpressedviolentthemesintheirwritings,inoneinstanceportrayingkillingandsuicideassolutionstofeelingsofdespair.Thecriminalsoftenhadtelegraphedtootherstudentsandteacherstheirdepressionordesperationandeithertalkedaboutorhadattemptedsuicide.Feelingsofpersecutionbyotherswerecommonandledtogrowingresentmentandanger.Psychiatristsandpsychologistsrecognizethattheseareredflagsdemandingmedicalintervention.Yetoneofthemoststrikingfindingsinthereportwasthatthevastmajorityofthesestudentsneverhadamental-healthevaluation.Nowonderonly17percentwerediagnosedwithapsychiatricillness—itwasn'tlookedfor.Thatalonepointstoahugementalhealthgap:Ifthedistressofthesestudentsdidn'ttriggermedicalattention,it'sunlikelythatlessseverestrugglesthatareseeninasmanyas15to20percentofotherstudentswilldoso.Onlyrecentlyhavewelearnedthattheseareneurodevelopmentaldisorderswhoseearlysignsmightwellbepickedupinroutinepediatricscreening.Forexample,aclassicbehaviorinachildthatcanprecedepsychosislaterinlifeisspeakingtoalmostnoone,evenfamily,saysNasrallah.Genesareknowntoconfervulnerability,butequallyimportantistheenvironment.Stressorgreatdisappointmentcanaggravatesymptoms;connectingwithanadultinanongoingrelationshipcandotheopposite.Interventionslikesocial-skillstrainingcombinedwithtalktherapyandtargetedmedicationcanmakeahugedifference.Earlytreatmentcanlessenthefrequencyandintensityofpsychoticepisodes,leavingmanypatientswithonlythemildestofsymptoms.Andtheyoungerthebrain,themoremalleableitis.Theultimategoalistonotonlymodifyevolutionofdiseasebutkeepitfromarisinginthefirstplace.Thisisachievable,andthepathtogetthereisbecomingclear.16、AccordingtotheUSSecretService,schoolattacksarecharacterizedasA、reactive.B、revengeful.C、plotted.D、impulsive.标准答案：C知识点解析：事实细节题。根据theUSSecretService定位到第二段。解题关键是对Schoolattacks…notevilbutmentallyill这一长难旬的理解和把握。该句提到校园暴力袭击是经过周密计划的(well-planned)，故选C项。A项“反动的”、B项“报复性的”在文中并未提及，可排除；文中的insteadof说明D项“冲动性的”也非校园暴力袭击的特点。17、OnecommoncharacteristicofschoolattackersisthatA、theyexhibitbadacademicperformances.B、theyhaveviolentthoughtsandintimidatingbehavior.C、theyregardhomicideandsuicideaswaysoftacklingdespair.D、theyhaverecordsofviolenceandcrimes.标准答案：B知识点解析：事实细节题。根据Schoolattackers定位到第二段。诸如but，however和yet这样的转折词往往是重要信息可能出现的地方，文中讲到这些校园袭击者的共同特点是思想暴力，行为咄咄逼人，故选B项。文中提到“很多都是成绩优良的学生”，显然A项意思与之背道而驰；C项中they过于宽泛，不是他们所有人都视杀人和自杀为应对绝望感的方法，只是oneinstance(个别案例)；D项说校园袭击者的共同特点是有暴力和犯罪前科，与原文中提到的few(极少人)这一带有否定意味的词相悖。18、WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph3?A、Thereisahugegapbetweenhumanmentality.B、Theschoolattackershaveneverhadanymentalhealthevaluation.C、Medicalattentionshouldbepaidtothedistressofschoolattackers.D、Thefindingsofthereportastonishedpsychiatristsandpsychologists.标准答案：C知识点解析：推理判断题。文中提到大多数制造校园暴力事件的学生都没有接受过心理健康测试，也就是这样的医疗忽视造成了很严重的后果。而该段最后一句中的Ifthedistress…则暗示这些学生应该得到医疗关注，故推断得出C项。A项强调的是人们的心理存在巨大差异，而原文中讲的是精神健康的鸿沟之巨大，A项不符事实；文中说的是thevastmajority(绝大多数)而非全部，故B项推理过度；文中提及报告中的一些发现令人瞩目，同时得到了精神病学家和心理学家的关注，但striking(令人瞩目的)与astonish(使人震19、Theword"malleable"(Line6,Paragraph5)isclosestinmeaningtoA、miserable.B、adaptable.C、vulnerable.D、active.标准答案：B知识点解析：语义理解题。该词所在句子的上一句说“早期治疗可以减少精神病发病频率和强度，使得最后只呈现十分轻微的症状，由此推断此处是说人越是年轻，大脑越容易改变，治疗效果也越好，故选B项。A项意为“悲惨的”，文中并无此意；C、D项均意为“脆弱”，如果两项的意思相近，肯定不是答案，可排除。20、Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A、Bothgenesandenvironmentshouldbeimprovedtotacklebraindisorders.B、Preventionisbyfarmoreimportantthantreatment.C、Mentaldisordersarecurable,andtheearlierthebetter.D、Earlytreatmentcanreducethesufferingsandterminateallthesymptoms.标准答案：C知识点解析：推理判断题。最后一段提到及早治疗效果好，而且治疗的最终目的还包括使病人不会再次发病，这是可以实现的，故选C项。原文中并未提及能够通过改善基因来应对大脑疾病，且根据常识，基因是已确定的，无法改变，故A项部分内容与事实不符；此外该段提到早期治疗的重要性，但并未涉及预防这一方面。B项不可选；由文中的onlythemildestofsymptoms可知D项terminateallsymptoms太过绝对，推断过度。Anecdotalevidencehaslongheldthatcreativityinartistsandwriterscanbeassociatedwithlivinginforeignparts.RudyardKipling,PabloPicasso,ErnestHemingway,PaulGauguin,SamuelBeckettandothersspentyearsdwellingabroad.Nowapairofpsychologistshasprovedthatthereisindeedalink.AstheyreportintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,WilliamMadduxofINSEAD,abusinessschoolinFontainebleau,France,andAdamGalinsky,oftheKelloggSchoolofManagementinChicago,presented155Americanbusinessstudentsand55foreignonesstudyinginAmericawithatestusedbypsychologistsasameasureofcreativity.Givenacandle,somematchesandaboxofdrawingpins,thestudentswereaskedtoattachthecandletoacardboardwallsothatnowaxwoulddriponthefloorwhenthecandlewaslit.(Thesolutionistousetheboxasacandleholderandfixittothewallwiththepins.)Theyfound60%ofstudentswhowereeitherlivingabroadorhadspentsometimedoingso,solvedtheproblem,whereasonly42%ofthosewhohadnotlivedabroaddidso.Afollow-upstudywith72Americansand36foreignersexploredtheircreativenegotiatingskills.Pairsofstudentswereaskedtoplaytheroleofasellerofapetrolstationwhothenneededtogetajobandabuyerwhowouldneedtohirestafftorunthebusiness.Thetwowerelikelytoreachadeadlockbecausethebuyerhadbeentoldhecouldnotaffordwhatthesellerwastoldwashisminimumprice.Nevertheless,wherebothnegotiatorshadlivedabroad70%struckadealinwhichthesellerwasofferedamanagementjobatthepetrolstationinreturnforaloweraskingprice.Whenneitherofthenegotiatorshadlivedabroad,nonewasabletoreachadeal.Tocheckthattheyhadnotmerelydiscoveredthatcreativepeoplearemorelikelytochoosetoliveabroad,DrMadduxandDrGalinskyidentifiedandmeasuredpersonalitytraits,suchasopennesstonewexperiences,thatareknowntopredictcreativity.Theythenusedstatisticalcontrolstofilteroutsuchfactors.Evenafterthathadbeendone,thestatisticalrelationshipbetweenlivingabroadandcreativityremained,indicatingthatitissomethingfromtheexperienceoflivinginforeignpartsthathelpsfostercreativity.Merelytravellingabroad,however,wasnotenough.Youdohavetolivethere.Packingyourbeachtowelandsuntanlotionwillnot,byitself,makeyouHemingway.21、Intheopeningparagraph,famousnamesarecitedtoshowtherelationshipbetweenA、psychologyandart.B、artisticcreationandlifeexperience.C、creativityandlivingabroad.D、writingandpainting.标准答案：C知识点解析：事实细节题，考查例证细节。根据第一段的第一句话“民间传闻一直认为，艺术家和作家的创造力和旅居国外有关”，以及该段最后一句话“现在，两位心理学家已经证明，创造力和旅居国外确实存在联系”可得出答案。文章第一段提到了艺术家和作家两种人，A、D项牵强附会，曲解为心理学与艺术，写作与绘画的关系；B项中的lifeexperience范围太宽泛，不够准确。22、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatA、WilliamMadduxandAdamGalinskyhavecarefullydesignedthetest.B、theexperienceoflivingabroadcangivepeopleacreativeedge.C、Americanbusinessstudentsarelesscreativethanthoseoverseastudents.D、one’screativityisassociatedwiththelengthonehasspentabroad.标准答案：B知识点解析：推理判断题。通读第二段可发现在实验中拥有海外生活经历的学生比没有海外生活经历的学生更好地完成了任务，这与B项符合。根据文中的usedbypsychologistsasameasureofcreativilty说明这项测试已经被其他心理学家使用，并非威廉.马达克斯和亚当.加林斯基精心设计的，因此A项错误；C项“美国商科学生的创造力比海外学生差”属曲解事实；D项“一个人的创造力与他在海外逗留时间的长短有关”在文中并未提及。23、Theword"deadlock"(Lane4,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeansA、afailuretoreachagreement.B、anintractabledilemma.C、anunacceptableoffer.D、abitterquarrel.标准答案：A知识点解析：语义理解题。根据deadlock后面的原因状语从句“因为买者被告知他无法负担销售员被告知的最低价”可推测得出deadlock可能指学生无法达成一致意见，因此A项正确。B项中的dilemma指的是进退两难，与文章意思不符；C项“无法接受的报价”和D项“激烈争吵”均无原文依据支持。24、DrMadduxandDrGalinskyadoptedstatisticalcontrolstoA、filterouttheinterferencefactorssuchaspersonalitytraits.B、identifythestatisticalrelationshipbetweenpersonalityandcreativity.C、analyzetheinteractionbetweenpersonalityandcreativity.D、measuretheinfluenceofopennesstonewexperiencesoncreativity.标准答案：A知识点解析：事实细节题。根据statisticalcontrol定位到第四段第二句话，后面的tofilteroutsuchfactors表示使用统计控制的目的在于去除这些因素，而该段的第一句话即说明了这些因素是指能预测创造力的个人特征，这与A项符合。由第四段的开头两句可得出B项“找出个性和创造力之间的统计关系”和C项“分析个性和创造力之间的互动”都是错误的；D项“测量新体验的开放性对创造力的影响”是对文章的狭隘理解，以偏概全。25、InthelastsentenceofParagraph5,theauthormeansthatA、thereexistsharpdifferencesbetweentravelingandlivingabroad.B、merelytravelingabroadlendsnohelpincultivatingone’screativity.C、onlyrealexperienceoflivingabroadcanhelpfostercreativity.D、thetravellingpartoflivingabroadavailstonothingaboutone’screativity.标准答案：C知识点解析：观点态度题。从最后一段的第一句话“但是，仅仅出国旅游是不够的，你得在那里生活”可得知要培养创造力必须要在国外真正地生活。这与C项符合。A项“出国旅游和在国外生活存在着巨大的差别”属片面理解。与文章主旨无关；B项中的lendsnohelp和D项中的avails,tonothing太绝对，与原文“仅仅出国旅游是不够的”不符。考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷第2套一、阅读（常规阅读理解）(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)AnalarmingonefifthofallMedicarepatientsdischargedfromthehospitalendupbackinthehospitalwithin30days,andfullyathirdreturnwithin90days.Ifthisyo-yoingcouldbegreatlyreduced,Medicarecouldsavebillionsofdollars.Manypatientswouldcertainlybenefitfromthebettercare.Highratesofrehospitalizationarepartlythefaultofthehospitals.ThemorefundamentalproblemisthefragmentednatureoftheAmericanmedicalsystem:toooften,healthcareprovidersfailtocommunicatewithoneanother,patientsfallbetweenthecracksandnooneseemsclearlyinchargeofapatient'swelfare.Anewanalysisbythreeresearchers,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,estimatedthatunplannedrehospitalizationsamongfee-for-servicebeneficiariescostMedicare$17.4billioninfiscalyear2004,whichisabigchunkofthe$102.6billionthatMedicarepaidhospitalsthatyear.Mostpatientswerereadmittedforproblemsotherthanthosethatledtotheiroriginalhospitalizations.Surgicalpatients,forexample,weretypicallyreadmittedforsuchmedicalconditionsaspneumonia,heartfailureorbacterialinfections.Someofthesereadmissionsmayhavebeenunavoidableinanelderly,sickpopulation.Butmanycouldsurelyhavebeenpreventedthroughbetterplanningandcoordination.Themostdisturbingfindingwasthathalfofthemedical(nonsurgical)patientsreadmittedwithin30dayshadnotseenaphysicianforfollow-upcareaftertheyweredischarged.Theywereapparentlyleftontheirown,perhapswithpoorlyunderstoodinstructionsfromthehospitalonhowtotakecareofthemselves.Therewasalsowidevariationinreadmissionratesbetweenhospitalsandbetweenstates:only13percentofpatientswerereadmittedwithin30daysinIdaho,comparedwith22percentinMaryland.Thatsuggeststhatthereisplentyofroomforimprovement.Therateswereadjustedtocompensatefortheseverityofpatients'illnesses,sohospitalsandstateswithhighreadmissionratescan'teasilyblamecaringforsickerpatients.Proposedsolutionsincludebetterdischargeplanningbyhospitals,moreeffectiveeducationofpatientsandclosercooperationbetweenhospitalsandphysicianstoensurefollow-upcare.TheObamaadministration,aspartofitsambitioushealthcarereform,hasproposedthatMedicareuseincentivesandpenaltiestoencouragehospitalsanddoctorstocooperateinoverseeing