考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷1（共190题）

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷1（共9套）（共190题）考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷第1套一、阅读（常规阅读理解）(本题共25题，每题1.0分，共25分。)ThelowerhouseofAustralia'sParliamentpassedsweepingchangesinimmigrationpolicyonWednesdaythataremeanttodiscouragedeterasylumseekerswhotrytoreachthecountrybythethousandseachyearonrickety,overcrowdedshipsandboats.Inamajorreversal,themeasureswouldreopenachainofoffshoredetentioncentersthathumanrightsgroupshavecriticizedasinhumaneandpossiblyillegal.TheLaborgovernmentofPrimeMinisterJuliaGillardlargelyabandoneduseofthedetentioncenterswhenitcametopowerin2007.Themeasurespassedthelowerhousewiththebackingofboththegoverningpartyandtheoppositioncoalition,withonlytwolawmakersvotingagainstthem,andtheupperhouseisexpectedtoapprovethemthisweek.Butthedebatewasemotionalandcontentious,descendingattimesintoashoutingmatch."Thisisnottheendoftheeffortstodealwithwhatisthevery,very,very,verypernicioustradeofpeoplesmuggling,whichtradesonpeople'slivesandgivespeopletheexpectationthatinreturnforverysignificantsumsofmoneytheycanbebroughttoAustraliaforpassage,"ChrisBowen,theimmigrationminister,toldthelowerhouse.Thoughtheoppositioncoalitionvotedforthemeasure,itseemeddeterminedtoscoreasmanypoliticalpointsaspossiblefromLabor'schangeofcourse.ManyLabormembersleftthefloorinprotestastheirrivalsexcoriatedthegovernment.Theoppositionleader,TonyAbbott,demandedaformalapologyfromMs.GillardforLabor'spreviouspolicy,whichhesaidencouragedriskyattemptstoreachAustralia."After,tragically,almost1,000deathsatseaandafter$4.7billionhasbeenblownbecauseofthegovernment'sborderprotectionfailures,theprimeministerhasfinallyseenthesenseofwhattheoppositionhasbeenproposingallalong,"Mr.Abbottsaid,adding,"Thisgovernment'sfailuresgavethepeoplesmugglersabusinessmodel."Australiahastriedforyearstofindapolicythatwilldeterwould-beimmigrantsfromtryingtomakethe220-milecrossingfromJavatoChristmasIsland,aremotespotintheIndianOceanthatisAustralia'sclosestpointtoIndonesia.Morethan600migrantsboundforAustraliahavediedinaccidentsatseasince2009.Domesticandinternationalhumanrightsgroupshavecondemnedthepracticeofdetainingtheasylumseekersforlongperiodsincampsoverseaswhiletheircasesareprocessed,sayingthatthepracticeiscruelandviolatesAustralia'sobligationsundertheUnitedNationsrefugeeconvention.DavidManne,aprominenthumanrightslawyerwhosucceededinblockingaproposallastyeartoprocessmigrantsinMalaysia,calledthenewlegislationtheproductof"interminablepoliticaljoustingtoseewhohastheharshestpoliciesfordealingwiththesepeople.""Really,allthatdeterrencepolicieslikethisdoissweepvulnerablepeoplefromourdoorsteptodangerselsewhere,"hesaidbeforethevoteinParliament.1、WhyisthechangeinAustralia’simmigrationpolicycalledareversal?A、Becausethenewpolicycanchangethepresenttrendofhumansmuggling.B、Becauseitisbackedwithboththegovernmentandtheoppositioncoalition.C、Becauseitincludesthereuseofsomemeasuresthatwereabandonedbefore.D、Becauseithascausedtheaccusationofmanyhumanrightsgroups.标准答案：C知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词reversal定位至第二段第一句。该句指出，按照新的移民政策，澳大利亚将重新开放海外拘留中心。而该段第二句又说，自2007年以来，这些拘留中心大多都已经被弃置不用。由此可推断，[C]与原文意思相符，故为答案。该题的关键词为reversal，意为“逆转，回转”，[A]中非法移民趋势的改变、[B]中政府和反对党都支持法案的通过以及[D]中人权组织的指责都无法被称为逆转，故排除。2、Theword"pernicious"(Line1,Para.4)probablymeansA、profitable.B、illegal.C、continual.D、destructive.标准答案：D知识点解析：语义理解题。根据题干提示定位至第四段。文章第一段就提到了澳大利亚政府正在加大力度应对非法人境者，再加上pernicious一词前面的四个very的修饰，可以推测出该词应该是描述非法入境这一行为非常可恶，对澳大利亚造成了很坏的影响，[D]符合句意，故为正确答案。[A]“有利可图的”和[C]“持续的”明显与原文中该词意思不符，故排除；而[B]“非法的”虽然意思相近，但该词意不适合用very进行修饰，故也排除。3、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheoppositioncoalitionA、believedthatthegovernment’snewpolicymadesense.B、doubtedtherealeffectofthegovernment’snewimmigrationpolicy.C、accusedtheLaborgovernmentoffailingindealingwithpeoplesmuggling.D、wereforcedtovoteforthegovernment’snewimmigrationpolicy.标准答案：C知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词theoppositioncoalition定位至第五段前两句。第一句说虽然反对派投票支持了总统的新移民政策，但却想方设法从中谋取政治资本，因此，他们指责政府在处理移民问题时是非常失败的。[C]与原文意思相符，故为答案。[A]“反对党认为政府的法案合理”明显与文章意思不符，故排除；反对党对政府的指责非常明确，而不仅仅是怀疑政府的这项法案的真实效果，故排除[B]；文中并没有说明反对党是不得已才投了赞成票，故排除[D]。4、Accordingtothepassage,theChristmasIslandisA、oneofAustralianislandslyingintheIndianOcean.B、220milesawayfromthemainlandofAustralia.C、theportwherepeoplecaneasilygetintoAustralia.D、Australia’snearestspottothecountryofJava.标准答案：A知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干关键词theChristmasIsland定位至第七段第一句，由该句可知，圣诞岛是印度洋中的一个偏远的小岛，为澳大利亚领土。显然[A]与原文意思相符，故为答案。该句说圣诞岛与爪哇之间的距离为220公里，并不是与澳大利亚大陆之间的距离为220公里，故排除[B]；虽然该句说法案阻止了试图从海路登上圣诞岛从而进入澳大利亚的移民，但文章并没有说该处是最容易进入澳大利亚的港口，因此排除[C]；文中说明该岛是澳大利亚与印度尼西亚之间距离最近的地点，并不是与爪哇之间距离最近的地点，因此排除[D]。5、WecanlearnfromthepassagethatDavidManneA、thinksthepolicyistheharshestoneeverapproved.B、believesthepolicywillinfluencethepoliticalsituation.C、votedagainstthenewlegislationintheParliament.D、thinksthepolicyisunlikelytohelpthosevulnerablepeople.标准答案：D知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词DavidManne定位至第九段。这一段主要阐述了著名律师DavidManne的观点，他认为澳大利亚的新移民政策只是把大量弱势群体驱赶到其他地方，使他们承担别样的风险，是一种残酷且不能真正帮助那些需要帮助的人的政策。因此[D]与原文意思相符，故为答案。该段没有提到这位律师认为这项法案是最残酷的，因此排除[A]；第九段中也没有提到律师认为该项法案对政治局势产生影响，因此排除[B]；文章中没有说这位律师参与了该项法案的投票，因此排除[C]。"Iwouldn'tbeheretodayifnotforthegenerosityofstrangers,"saidMichaelMoritz,whileannouncingamajordonationtoOxfordUniversity.AformerTimemagazinereporter,Mr.MoritzleftjournalismtobecomeoneofthemostsuccessfulventurecapitalistsinSiliconValley.ThroughSequoiaCapital,thefirmhejoinedin1986andhasledformanyyears,Mr.MoritzwasanearlyinvestorinGoogle,Yahoo,PayPalandLinkedln.Hispersonalfortuneisestimatedatwellover$1billion.OxfordUniversityannouncedlastWednesdaythatheandhiswife,thenovelistHarrietHeyman,donated￡75million,or$115million,tofundanewscholarshipprogramaimedatprovidingfinancialaidtostudentsfromlow-incomebackgrounds.Behindtheheadlinesaboutthesizeofthegiftwasafamilystoryofimmigration,educationandasenseofobligationthattranscendedgenerations."IgrewupinCardiff,wenttoanordinarycomprehensiveschool,andwastheonlypupilinmyyeartogotoOxbridge,"Mr.Moritzexplained."MyfatherwaspluckedasateenagerfromNaziGermanyandwasabletoattendaverygoodschoolinLondononascholarship."Inaninterviewafterward,Mr.Moritzsaidthathisfather,Alfred,hadgrownupinMunich,wherehisfatherwasajudgewholosthispostwhentheNaziscametopower.Mr.Moritz'smother,Doris,waspartoftheKindertransport,arescueeffortthattookabout9,300unaccompanied,mostlyJewishchildrenfromGermany,Austria,PolandandCzechoslovakiatoBritainshortlybeforetheoutbreakofWorldWarII."Myfather'scousin,FritzUrsell,wasalsorescuedfromterriblecircumstances.WhenhecametoBritain,healsobenefitedfromscholarships,andgrewuptobecomeamemberoftheRoyalSociety,"saidMr.Moritz."Itisalltooeasynottoremember,"saidMr.Moritz,whowasahistorymajorandtheeditorofOxford'sstudentliterarymagazine,asanundergraduatebeforecompletinganM.B.A.attheWhartonSchooloftheUniversityofPennsylvania.InMay,Mr.Mortizannouncedthathehadbeendiagnosedwithararemedicalconditionwhichisincurable.Buthepreferrednottonamethedisease."Iwantedtobeopenwithmypartnersandwiththepublic.ButIdidn'twanteveryghoulontheInternetfollowingme."CharlotteAnderson,asecond-yearstudentstudyingGermanatOxfordandthefirstpersoninherfamilytogotoauniversity,saidthatanxietyabouttakingondebthadnearlykeptherfromacceptingtheofferfromtheschool."It'sgreattothinkthatfuturestudentswhofollowmecandosowithoutthefearthatIwentthrough,"shesaidwhileattendingthenewsconference.Askedwhethertheuniversity'scampaigntofinancestudentscholarshipsthroughprivatedonationsratherthangovernmentfundingmeantthatOxfordwasgivingupeffortstosecuremorepublicsupport,theuniversity'schancellor,ChrisPatten,aformerConservativeministertoPrimeMinistersMargaretThatcherandJohnMajor,jokedthathewas"nolongerallowedtohaveanypoliticalviews."6、Accordingtothepassage,Mr.MoritzA、wantedtodosomethingtorepaythehelphehadoncereceived.B、graduatedfromOxfordUniversitywithaMBAdegreein1986.C、showedhisinterestandtalentinventurecapitalismasajournalist.D、boughtearlystocksofGoogle,Yahoo,PayPalandLinkedln.标准答案：A知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词Mr．Moritz定位至第一段第一句。该句引用了莫里茨先生的原话“如果不是陌生人的慷慨捐助，我现在不可能站在这里”。由此可知，他本人应该曾经接受过陌生人的巨大帮助，而其这次的捐赠，是想对其他的贫困学生提供帮助。[A]符合文章意思，故为答案。由第三段第一句可知，莫里茨先生的MBA学位是在宾夕法尼亚大学拿到的，故排除[B]；第一段第二句说莫里茨先生曾经是一位新闻记者，然后转行加入了风险投资公司，但并没有说他作记者时就对风险投资行业显示出了兴趣与才华，故排除[C]；第一段第三句说由于他在风险投资公司工作，他成了众多网络公司的早期投资者，并没有说他购买了这些公司的股票，因此排除[D]。7、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthefamilybackgroundofMr.MoritzA、gavehimthemotivetostudyhardtobesuccessful.B、showedhowscholarshipchangedhisfamilymembers’life.C、illustratedthathisfamilyemphasizedoneducationverymuch.D、provedthatimmigrationfamilycanalsomakegreatachievements.标准答案：B知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词familybackgroundofMr．Moritz定位至第一段最后一句及第二段。第一段最后一句提到了莫里茨先生捐赠的背后是一个家族的故事，在接下来的第二段，作者给出了他的家庭背景一他的父亲、爷爷、母亲以及堂叔都是依靠奖学金才得到受教育的机会。因此，是奖学金和教育改变了他的这些家庭成员的命运。[B]与文章内容相符，故为答案。文章第二段没有提到这些背景给他以激励，因此排除[A]；该段提到莫里茨先生有不少家人都依靠奖学金才得到了受到良好教育的机会，但并没有说这个家庭本身主观上对教育十分重视，因此排除[C]；综合全文可知，文章第二段的内容并不是突出移民家庭的成功，而是将重点放在了奖学金上，因此排除[D]。8、Theword"ghoul"(Line6,Para.3)mostprobablymeansA、apersonwithanunnaturallystronginterestinunpleasantthings.B、anindependentjournalistorreporterwhosellsnewstowebsites.C、alatestnewsitemthatreleasedexclusivelyontheInternet.D、anonlinelinkthatdirectspeopletothemostheatedissue.标准答案：A知识点解析：语义理解题。根据题干提示定位至第三段最后一句。根据上下文可知，莫里茨先生不愿意公开疾病的名称，他不愿意对自己的伙伴和公众有所隐瞒，但是对于互联网上的某些人，他却不想被其纠缠上，由此可以推断，ghoul一词应该是指某种对别人的不幸很是关注并以此为乐的人。由此可知，[A]的意思与ghoul一词的词义最为相符，故为答案。9、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheuniversity’scollectingprivatedonations?A、Indifferent.B、Objective.C、Suspicious.D、Supportive.标准答案：B知识点解析：观点态度题。文章以介绍莫里茨先生的捐款为开头，继而引出了这位成功人士的家庭背景及个人健康状况。最后，是牛津大学学生的态度和校长的不作评论。虽然全文看上去是对私人捐款的正面描述，但总体来说，作者还是以新闻报道的语气，客观地对这次大额捐款做出介绍，并没有表现出对牛津大学这一举措明显的支持态度。因此，[B]最符合作者的态度，故为答案。文章自始至终，都没有表现出任何负面的评价，因此排除[A]“漠视”和[C]“怀疑”两种态度；同样，作者也没有使用任何语言来表述他本人对莫里茨先生捐款等内容的支持态度，故排除[D]。10、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A、AnOxfordgraduatewhowantstohelp.B、Howeducationcanchangeaperson’slife.C、Animmigrationfamily’sstoryofsuccess.D、AlargeamountofprivatedonationtoOxford.标准答案：D知识点解析：主旨大意题。文章的大量篇幅都用来描述莫里茨先生的个人捐款。第二段是他的家庭背景，意在指出奖学金对学生的影响和帮助。最后一段中，学生夏洛特的态度也是在说明私人捐助将会使来自贫困家庭的学生受益。因此，总体看来，文章是围绕一笔捐赠给牛津的私人捐款展开的，故[D]为正确答案。虽然莫里茨先生是牛津大学的毕业生，但文章重点是围绕奖学金这一主题展开，而不是把他作为主人公来记述其事迹贡献，因此排除[A]；文章并没有通过各种实例说明教育对人生的改变，因此排除[B]；同样，文章没有围绕某个移民家庭的奋斗史展开，故排除[C]。Whatdoyoudowhenacharismaticmarinemammaliswreakinghavocbygorgingonathreatenedspeciesthathumansalsofinddelicious?That'stheawkwardproblemfacedbywildlifemanagersalongtheColumbiaRiverinWashingtonandOregonstates,wheresealionshavebeencongregatingforthepastdecadetofeastonsalmonwaitingtoclimbthefishladdersatthebaseoftheBonnevilleDamontheirspringvoyageuprivertospawn.ToprotecttheChinooksalmonandsteelheadintheriver,someofwhicharelistedasthreatenedpopulations,in2008thestatesofWashingtonandOregonobtainedpermissionfromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationinSilverSpring,Maryland,tokillCaliforniasealions(whicharenormallyprotected)seenfeedingrepeatedlyatthedam,afterattemptstofrightentheanimalsawayprovedineffective.Inresponse,theHumaneSocietyoftheUnitedStates,basedinWashingtonDC,andothersfiledalawsuittostopthepracticeandtheirlegalchallengeshavecontinued.AUSdistrictcourtinPortland,Oregon,isexpectedtohearfullargumentsforafinalrulinginthenextfewweeks.Inthemeantime,morethan40Californiasealionshavebeenkilledand11transferredtoaquariaandzoos.SurveydatacollectedbytheUSArmyCorpsofEngineersduringtheyearsofthekillingshowthatnumbersofCaliforniasealionsaredecreasingatthedam,alongwiththeamountofsalmontheyeat.Thecorpsandothersattributethistotheremovalprogram.Butthekillingmayhavebeentoosuccessful.Lastyear,thelargerStellersealions,whicharrivedinearnestatthedamin2005andhavereturnedingreaternumberseachyear,outnumberedCaliforniasealionsforthefirsttimeandatefullyhalfofthepredatedsalmon.TheproblemwiththisshiftisthatStellersealionsarethemselveslistedasathreatenedspecies,meaningthat'hazing'—disturbingthemwith,forexample,rubberbullets—istheonlyoptionfordealingwiththem.Akeyissueisexactlyhowmuchthesealionsareaffectingthesalmon,particularlythespeciesthatarelistedasthreatened.Thisisadifficultquestiontoanswer.YettheHumaneSocietysaysthatthekillingfocusesonthewrongproblem—sealions—insteadofreducingtheallowablefishingcatch,improvinghabitat,andreducinglossesfromhydropower,whichitmaintainsaregreaterthreatstothefish.11、WhydosalmonappearatthebaseoftheBonnevilleDam?A、Becausetheyarebredthere.B、Becausetheyneedswimupstreamtomultiply.C、Becausetheywerebroughttherebyflood.D、Becausepeoplefarmsalmoninthisriverforitsdelicioustaste.标准答案：B知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干关键词BonnevilleDam定位至第一段最后一句…atthebaseoftheBonnevilleDamontheirspringvoyageuprivertospawn，其中spawn是“产卵”的意思，voyage表示“旅行；航程”，据此可知，鲑鱼在春季长途跋涉到上游来产卵，因此[B]正确，同时也可以排除[A]和[C]；尽管第一句提到了鲑鱼delicious，但没有提到人工养殖，所以排除[D]。12、Whatwastheresultofthe2008Californiasealions’removalprogram?A、Anotherkindofsealionscameandcausedmoreharmtosalmon.B、ThekillingoftheCaliforniasealionssolvedtheproblemsatisfactorily.C、TheprogramwasopposedbyallthepeopleintheU.S.D、Thenumberofthesalmongreatlyincreased.标准答案：A知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词removalprogram定位至第四段最后一句。由接下来的第五段第二句可知，体型较大的北海狮捕食了一半的早期鲑鱼，由此可以推断，北海狮对鲑鱼造成的危害更大，故[A]符合文意，同时排除[B]和[D]；由第三段可知，持反对意见的是美国人道主义协会和其他一些动物保护组织，不是所有的美国人，故排除[C]。13、Theword"hazing"(Line2,Para.6)probablymeansA、shootingthemwithrubberbullets.B、drivingthemaway.C、gatheringandcatchingthem.D、threateningthemaway.标准答案：D知识点解析：语义理解题。根据题于提示定位至第六段，破折号之后的内容用来解释说明hazing，用橡胶子弹来骚扰它们，即要把它们吓走了，因此选[D]。[A]是干扰项，用橡胶子弹只是吓走它们的手段之一，不是射杀它们，故排除。14、WhycannotStellerlionsberemovedthesamewayastheCalifornialions?A、Becausetheythemselvesareendangeredanimals.B、Becausetheyaresolargethattheremovalprogramdoesnotapplytothem.C、Becausetheyposethreatstohuman.D、Becausetheyareoflargequantity.标准答案：A知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干关键词Stellerlions和beremoved定位至倒数第二段可知，问题的关键是北海狮本身是濒危物种，不能捕杀它们不是因为它们体型巨大，而是因为它们数量稀少，因此选[A]，同时排除[B]。此题的关键是要理解threatenedspecies的意思，即“濒危物种”，而且根据倒数第三段第一句可知，北海狮是体型巨大，而不是数量巨大，因此排除[C]和[D]。15、Accordingtothepassage,whatismostimportantinsolvingthisawkwardproblem?A、Reducingthenumberofthesealions.B、Recognizingwhetherthesealionsarethemainthreatstothesalmon.C、BanningthecatchofthefishintheColumbiaRiver.D、Formingagoodhabitofcatchingfish.标准答案：B知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干关键词solving和awkwardproblem定位至最后一段第一句，akeyissue是“关键问题”的意思，即题干中的mostimportant。即关键的问题是海狮对鲑鱼的影响到底有多大，故[B]与文意相符。第三句明确表示海豹的捕杀解决不了问题，reducingtheallowablefish—ingcatch是减少允许捕杀量，不是禁止捕鱼，habitat是“栖息地”的意思，不能和habit混淆，因此排除[A]、[C]和[D]。TensofthousandsofyearsagomodernhumanscrossedpathswiththegroupofhomininsknownastheNeandertals.Researchersnowthinktheyalsometanother,less-knowngroupcalledtheDenisovans.Theonlytracethatwehavefound,however,isasinglefingerboneandtwoteeth,butthosefragmentshavebeenenoughtocradlepacketsofDenisovanDNAacrossthousandsofyearsinsideaSiberiancave.Nowateamofscientistshasbeenabletoreconstructtheirentiregenomefromthesedeficientfragments.Theanalysisaddsnewtwiststoprevailingnotionsaboutancienthumanhistory."Denisovaisabigsurprise,"saysJohnHawks,abiologicalanthropologistattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonwhowasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.Onitsown,asimplefingerboneinacavewouldhavebeenassumedtobelongtoahuman,Neandertalorotherhominin.ButwhenresearchersfirstsequencedasmallsectionofDNAin2010—asectionthatcoveredabout1.9percentofthegenome—theywereabletotellthatthespecimenwasneither."Itwasthefirsttimeanewgroupofdistincthumanswasdiscovered"viageneticanalysisratherthanbyanatomicaldescription,saidSvantepaabo,aresearcherattheMaxPlanckInstitute(M.P.I.)forEvolutionaryAnthropologyinGermany,inaconferencecallwithreporters.NowpaaboandhiscolleagueshavedevisedanewmethodofgeneticanalysisthatallowedthemtoreconstructtheentireDenisovangenomewithnearlyallofthegenomesequencedapproximately30timesoverakintowhatwecandoformodernhumans.Withinthisgenome,researchershavefoundcluesintonotonlythisgroupofmysterioushominins,butalsoourownevolutionarypast.DenisovansappeartohavebeenmorecloselyrelatedtoNeandertalsthantohumans,buttheevidencealsosuggeststhatDenisovansandhumansinterbred.Thenewanalysisalsosuggestsnewwaysthatearlyhumansmayhavespreadacrosstheglobe.Unfortunately,theDenisovangenomedoesn'tprovidemanymorecluesaboutwhatthishomininlookedlikethanapinkybonedoes.TheresearcherswillonlyconcludethatDenisovanslikelyhaddarkskin.Theyalsonotethattherearealleles"consistent"withthoseknowntocallforbrownhairandbrowneyes.Otherthanthat,theycannotsay.YetthenewgeneticanalysisdoessupportthehypothesisthatNeandertalsandDenisovansweremorecloselyrelatedtooneanotherthaneitherwastomodernhumans.TheanalysissuggeststhatthemodernhumanlinedivergedfromwhatwouldbecometheDenisovanlineaslongas700,000yearsago—butpossiblyasrecentlyas170,000yearsago.16、Whatistherelationshipamongmodernhumans,NeandertalsandDenisovans?A、Theycoexistedtensofthousandsofyearsago.B、DenisovansderivedfromtheNeandertals.C、ModernhumansaretheancestorsofDenisovans.D、Neandertalsaretheforefathersofmodernhumans.标准答案：A知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词modernhumans，NeandertalsandDenisovans定位至第一段。从该段前两句的用词crossedpaths，alsomet可推断出，三个种群在同一个时期曾经并存过，因此选[A]。在文中没有表示几个种群间存在承袭关系，故排除其他几个选项。17、Theword"hominins"(Line1,Para.1)mostprobablymeansA、thekindofapeswhichmodernhumansderivedfrom.B、ancienthumantribesfromanothercountry.C、branchesofhumanancestors.D、agroupofpeoplelivinginthecaves.标准答案：C知识点解析：语义理解题。根据题干提示定位至第一段。从该段最后一句提到的…aboutancienthumanhistory可以推断出，hominins指的是古代人类，故[C]为正确答案。根据文章第一句，Hominins所包含的范围明显大于[A]和[D]，而在当时应该是没有出现国家的，故排除[B]。18、Accordingtothepassage,whodoesthefingerbonebelongto?A、Modernhumans.B、Denisovans.C、Neandertals.D、Otherhominins.标准答案：B知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词fingerbone定位至第二段第二句。从该句可以推断出，这截指骨不属于human，Heandertalorotherhominin，而第一段提到Denisovans后，就指出他们存在的痕迹，即asinglefingerboneandtwoteeth。因此选[B]。19、WhatdidtheresearchersfindthroughthereconstructionoftheDenisovangenome?A、Theyfoundhowmodernhumansdeveloped.B、Theyfoundanewmethodofgeneticanalysis.C、TheyfoundtheDenisovansweremorecloselyrelatedtohumans.D、TheyfoundDenisovansandhumansnevercrossedpathswitheachother.标准答案：A知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干关键词reconstruction和Denisovangenome可以定位至第三段第一句。该段的第二句“Withinthisgenome，researchershavefound…”明确指出“研究人员不仅发现这个神秘古人类的线索，还窥见了我们自己的进化史”，因此[A]为正确答案。同时这句还指出“比起人类，丹尼索瓦人似乎与尼安德特人的关系更加密切，但是证据也表明，丹尼索瓦人和人类曾经杂交”，故排除[C]和[D]。20、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A、Modernhumans,NeandertalsandDenisovanslivedcompletelyseparated.B、Denisovansandmodernhumansweremorecloselyrelated.C、ModernhumansandNeandertalsweremorecloselyrelated.D、TherewereexchangesbetweenDenisovansandmodernhumans.标准答案：D知识点解析：事实细节题。根据第三段第三句…buttheevidencealsosuggeststhatDenisovansandhumansinterbred可知，古人类与丹尼索瓦人杂交，可见他们之间是有交往的，因此选[D]，同时，也可排除[A]。另外，这句话还说明，丹尼索瓦人似乎与尼安德特人的关系比与人类的关系更加密切，故排除[B]和[C]。Faceit,moviefans:theDVDisdestinedtobedeadasadoornail.OnlyafewBlockbusterstoresarestillopen.Netflix'sCEOsays,"WeexpectDVDsubscriberstodeclinesteadilyeveryquarter,forever."Thelatestlaptopsdon'tevencomewithDVDslots.Sowherearefilmenthusiastssupposetorenttheirflicks?Online,ofcourse.Therearestillsomedownsidestostreamingmovies—youneedafastInternetconnection,forexample,andbewarethelimited-dataplan—butoverall,thisshouldbeadelightfuldevelopment.Streamingmoviesoffersinstantgratification;nowaiting,nodriving—plusgreatportability.Hollywoodmoviestudiosshouldbenefit,too.Theeasieritistorentamovie,themorepeoplewilldoit.Andthemorefolksrent,themoremoneythestudiosmake.Well,apparently,noneofthathasoccurredtothemovieindustry.Itseemsintentonleavingmoneyonthetable.ForalloftheapparentconvenienceofrentingamovieviatheWeb,thereareasurprisingnumberofdrawbacks.Forexample,whenyourentthedigitalversion,youoftenhaveonly24hourstofinishwatchingit,whichmakesnosense.Whenyourentonline,youdon'tgetanyoftheDVDextras—deletedscenes,alternativeendings,subtitles—eventhoughyou'repayingasmuchasyouwouldhavepaidtorentaDVD.Yetperhapsmostimportant,there'stheavailabilityproblem.Newmoviesaren'tavailableonlineuntilmonthsaftertheyarefinishedinthetheaters.Worse,somemoviesneverbecomeavailable.StarWars,RaidersoftheLostArk,JurassicPark,ABeautifulMind,BridgetJones'sDiary,SavingPrivateRyan,MeettheFockers,andsoon,arenotavailabletorentfromthemajoronlinedistributors.Andifyoudon'tmakeyourproductavailablelegally,guesswhat?Thepeoplewillgetitillegally.Ofthe10mostpiratedmoviesof2011,guesshowmanyofthemareavailabletorentonline,asIwritethisinmidsummer2012?Zero.That'sright:Hollywoodisactuallyencouragingtheverypracticetheyclaimtobefighting(withnewlaws,forexample).Yes,timesarechanging.Yes,uncertaintyisscary.ButHollywoodhascasestudiestolearnfrom.ThemusicindustryandthetelevisionindustryusedtofighttheInternetthesameway—withbruteforce:copyprotection,complexity,legalchallenges.EventuallyallofthemfoundroadstorecoupsomeoftheirlostprofitnotbyfightingtheInternetbutbyworkingwithit.Themusicindustrydroppedcopyprotectionandmadealmostever-ysongavailableforabout$1each.TheTVindustrymadeitsshowsavailableforfreeatsitessuchasHulu,paidforbyads.21、Thephrase"deadasadoornail"inParagraph1mostprobablymeansA、unmovable.B、disappearingintohistory.C、undoubtedlydead.D、dyingout.标准答案：B知识点解析：语义理解题。根据题干提示定位至第一、二段。根据第二段的描述，现在只有少数大片商店还在营业，Netflix的首席执行官说，“我们预计DVD用户每季度都会稳固下滑，并一直持续下去。”由此可以推断出DVD的销量不好，前景并不乐观，会逐渐淡出人们的视线，因此选[B]。[C]最有干扰性，它只是短语的基本释义，不符合上下文的语境，故排除。22、Facingthetrend,whatistheintentionofmovieindustry?A、Theydecidetotaketheopportunitytomakemoremoney.B、Theymakeiteasiertorentmoviesonline.C、TheyseemgoingtogiveupthebenefitfromtheInternet.D、Theyleavethemoneyonthetableforeveryonetotake.标准答案：C知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词intentionofmovieindustry定位至第五段。综合上下文可以得知，第四段讲到网络租赁可以给电影业带来巨大的利益，第五段的well表示转折，意味着电影业没有获得这些好处，此处关键在于对leavingmoneyonthetable的理解，其字面意思很明显，即把钱留在桌子上(不拿走)，也就是“放着利益不去赚取”的意思，因此选[C]。其他三个选项都是对这两段话的曲解。23、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A、Youcan’tgettheDVDextrasonlinebecauseyoupaylessthanrentaDVD.B、YouhavetofinishtheDVDwithinonedaywhenrentingitonline.C、Someclassicalmoviesarestillunavailableevenaftertheyarefinishedinthetheatres.D、Newmoviescanbeseenonlysometimeaftertheirrelease.标准答案：A知识点解析：事实细节题。根据题干关键词DVD定位至第六段。由该段第三句可知，尽管你支付了与租借DVD一样的租金，但是网络上依然无法获得DVD的额外赠送，因此[A]的内容错误，为本题的答案。由该段第二句可知，网上租赁的DVD必须在24小时内看完，故[B]正确，可排除；由该段第五句可知，新电影在影院上映后几个月才能在网上看到，故[D]正确，可排除；由该段第六句可知，有些电影(文中列举的都是经典电影)在网上从来都看不到，故[C]正确，可排除。24、Whatwillpossiblybetheresultofmovieindustry’sfightingwiththeInternet?A、ThemovieindustrywilleventuallyworkwiththeInternet.B、SomeoftheirlostprofitwillbemadeupforbyfightingtheInternet.C、Themovieswillbemadeavailableforfreeatwebsitespaidforbyads.D、Copyprotectionwillbedroppedandeverymoviewillbeavailable.标准答案：A知识点解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词result和movieindustry’sfightingwiththeInternet定位至最后两段可知，好莱坞可以借鉴音乐产业和电视行业的先例，他们与网络斗争的最终结果都是合作，而不是更大力度的反击，因此[A]正确。[C]和[D]都是现在音乐和电视节目在网络上的处理方法，可以借鉴，但不可能照搬，因此排除。25、Accordingtotheauthor,whatwillbetheeventualsolutiontomovieindustry’sfightingwiththeInternet?A、Themovieindustryshouldsticktotheirbrutalfighting.B、Copyprotectionwillpreventthepiratedmovies.C、Moviesshouldbemadeavailabletorentonlineforfree,paidforbyads.D、Onlinerentinginsteadoffightingisthebetterwayoutoftheillegalpiracy.标准答案：D知识点解析：观点态度题。作者在文章开头就提出了DVD即将消失的观点，在文章的后半部分说明了好莱坞的禁令反而鼓励了盗版的盛行，在结尾又提出音乐和电视行业解决类似问题的做法，因此我们得知，作者认为最终电影业会借鉴音乐与电视业的做法，与网络合作来补偿其失去的利润，故正确答案为[D]。考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷第2套一、阅读（常规阅读理解）(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)[A]Buttheheaviestusers,whowouldenduppayingmore,haveeveryreasonnottoswitch."Everyonehasalwaysregardedwaterasafreegood,"saysBarbaraYoung,theheadoftheEnvironmentAgency.Becauseofthat,officialshavebeenreluctanttoimposemetersonanunwillingpopulation,althoughtherearepowerstodosoinanemergency.Theyarefittedautomaticallytonewhomesandcanbeforcedonpeoplewhentheymovehouse,buttake-uphasbeenslow.OFWATreckonsthatonlyaroundaquarterofhomesusemeteredwater.[B]Atfirstglance,theprospectofadroughtinEnglandseemsaboutaslikelyasthatoffloodsintheSahara.ButthepopularperceptionofBritainasauniformlydankandsoddenislandismisleading.ThesouthofthecountrygetsthesameamountofrainaspartsofSyria,andLondonisadriercitythanDallasorIstanbul.Recently,theskieshavebeenunusuallyclear.Monthsofbelow-averagerainfallhaveraisedtheprospectofasummerdrought—theworstfordecadesinpartsofthesouth-east.[C]Domesticuseaccountsfor70%ofthetotal,butthepricethatmostconsumerspayforwater—unlikegasorelectricity—bearsnorelationtohowmuchtheyuse.