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专题21非谓语动词(解析版)一、非谓语动词的三种形式主要是哪些?二、非谓语动词在中考中的考查题型有哪些?三、非谓语动词在作文中的运用非谓语动词的种类:不定式todo表示还没有做的含义.2.动名词doing表示抽象的名词意义3.现在分词doing表示主动或进行的含义4.过去分词done表示被动或完成的含义考点1非谓语动词的三种形式之一“动词不定式todo形式”1)作主语动词不定式可以在句子中作主语,且作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末。其结构是It’s+adj.+of/forsb+todo.其中介词ofsb还是forsb要学会区分。TolearnEnglishwellisusefulforus.=ItisusefulforustolearnEnglishwell.Itisdifficultforthemtofinishthecharitywalkwithoutteamspirit.Itiskindofhimetohelptheoldman,2)作宾语1)一些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语:want,decide,hope,agree,wish,need,promise,wouldlike,plan,manage,offer,fail,ask,afford等。e.g.:Ihopetohaveamorefortablebed.Hedecidestobuyanotherpairoftrainersforhisdaughter.Atlast,thechildrenmanagedtoentertheroom.2)在find,think后用it做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句末。e.g.:Ifindithardtounderstandthepassage.Ithinkitinterestingtoreadthisbook.3)常见的一些用不带to的动词不定式做宾语,这类动词有:Will(Would)youplease(not)...?请(不要)做某事好吗?hadbetter最好做某事Whynot...?为何不做某事wouldrather(not)...宁可(不);宁愿(不)3)作宾语补足语e.g.Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.此处toturndowntheradio为宾语him的补足语,turndown这个动作由he来做,是逻辑上的主语。4)做定语动词不定式作定语时,应该放在名词或复合不定代词后,它与名词或复合不定代词有逻辑上的动宾关系。e.g.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(worryaboutnothing)Haveyougotanythingtosay?(saysomething)5)作状语通常情况下,动词不定式在句子中充当目的状语:一般置于句末或句首,用来表示做某事的目的,通常todo可以用inorderto进行同义句转换;e.g.IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.(表示目的)=IwenttothelibraryinordertostudyEnglish.=To/InordertostudyEnglish,Iwenttothelibrary.结果状语:一般置于句末,用来表示做事的结果,初中常见的句型有:too…to…;enough..to..e.g.Shearrivedattheairporttofindthetrainhadleft.Theyoungmanwasnotstrongenoughtocarrytheheavybag.=Theyoungmanwastooweaktocarrytheheavybag.常考的后跟动词不定式和动名词搭配的结构1)后跟动名词的结构有:finish/keep/practise/mind/enjoy/spend/suggest/like/love/hatecan'tstop;can’thelp(情不自禁)havedifficulty(trouble/problem)bebusy+doingsthbeworthprefer...to/lookforwardto/beusedto(习惯于)/payattentionto/devote...to...haveagoodtime/havefun;spendtime...stop/keep/preventsb.(from)What/Howabout...agree/learn/hope/wish/plan/decide/choose/wouldlike/seem/invite/fail/promise/afford/seem

have/has(no)time...tryone'sbest;can'twait+todosththefirst...havenochoicebutadj/adv+enough...It's+adj+(for/ofsb)+It'stime...Thereisnoneed...

但是有一些动词后既可以加动名词做宾语,又可以接动词不定式做宾语:remembertodo(记住去做)rememberdoing(记得做过)forgettodo(忘记去做)forgetdoing(忘记做过)trytodo(设法做)trydoing(试着做)goontodo(接着做另一事)goondoing(继续做同一事)stoptodo(停下来去做)stopdoing(停止做)can’thelptodo(不能帮助做)can’thelpdoing(情不自禁做)疑问词+动词不定式不定式放在疑问词what,where,which和how之后,此时相当于一个宾语从句。此时要求do的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致,或者与主句的宾语一致。1.Idon’tknowwhattodotomorrow.=Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddotomorrow.2.Iwilltellyouhowtosolveitnexttime.=Iwilltellyouhowyoushouldsolveitnexttime.3.Ihaven’tdecidedwhentotakeaholidayyet.4.Theoldladydidn'tknowhowtodo

itwhenthehousecaughtfire.(2023·江苏南通·中考真题)12.________healthy,we’vegotusedtowashinghandsbeforemealsandusingpublicchopsticks.A.Keeping B.Keep C.Tokeep D.Tokeeping【答案】C【解析】句意:为了保持健康,我们已经习惯饭前洗手和使用公共筷子。考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知,饭前洗手和使用公筷是为了保持健康,应用动词不定式作目的状语,故选C。(2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题)7.—OurschoolwillinviteMr.Wang________usatalkonenvironmentalprotectionnextweek.—That’swonderful!A.give B.togive C.giving D.gave【答案】B【解析】句意:——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于环境保护的演讲。——那是精彩的!考查非谓语动词。invitesb.todosth.“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。(2023·江苏泰州·中考真题)TsinghuaUniversitywillaskthestudents___61___(learn)swimmingandwillorganizeaswimmingtestforallnewstudentsinSeptember.【答案】tolearn【解析】句意:清华大学将要求学生学习游泳,并将于9月份为所有新生组织一次游泳测试。asksbtodosth“要求某人做某事”,故填tolearn。(2023·江苏无锡·中考真题)46.Thefiremenhadnochoicebut__________(break)thewindow.【答案】tobreak【解析】句意:消防队员别无选择,只能打碎窗户。break“打破”,动词。havenochoicebuttodosth.“除了做某事别无选择”,故用动词不定式。故填tobreak。(2023·江苏镇江·中考真题)7.Travellerscan’twait________theirnewtoursintheingholiday.A.tostart B.starting C.started D.start【答案】A【解析】句意:旅行者们迫不及待地想在即将到来的假期开始他们的新旅行。考查非谓语动词。can’twaittodosth.“迫不及待做某事”,应用不定式。故选A。(2023·江苏扬州·中考真题)6.Scienceismyfavouritesubject,soIhaveprepared________theSTEAMClub.A.join B.joining C.tojoin D.tojoining【答案】C【解析】句意:科学是我最喜欢的科目,所以我已经准备加入STEAM俱乐部了。考查非谓语动词。preparetodosth“准备做某事”,固定短语,所以空处用动词不定式,故选C。(2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题)8.—MissLi,canyoutellmehowtoimprovemywritingskills?—Certainly.Iadviseyou________adiaryinEnglisheveryday.A.tokeep B.keeping C.kept D.keep【答案】A【解析】句意:——李老师,你能告诉我如何提高我的写作技巧吗?——当然。我建议你每天用英语写日记。考查非谓语动词。advisesb.todosth.“建议某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。(2022·江苏泰州·中考真题)65.Ourcountryhasmadelaws________(protect)biodiversity(生物多样性)oftheYangtzeRiver.【答案】toprotect【解析】句意:我国已制定法律保护长江生物多样性。根据“Ourcountryhasmadelaws...(protect)biodiversity(生物多样性)oftheYangtzeRiver.”可知,“制定法律”的目的是“保护生物多样性”,protect“保护”,是动词,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,故填toprotect。(2022·江苏无锡·中考真题)49.Remembertowashhandsoftenandbesure________(wear)maskscorrectly.【答案】towear【解析】句意:记得勤洗手,并确保正确佩戴口罩。besuretodosth.“确保做某事”,需要动词不定式;故填towear。(2022·江苏镇江·中考真题)8.Thehighschoolinvitedafamousscientist_______atalkonWorldEarthDay.A.giving B.togive C.give D.given【答案】B【解析】句意:这所高中邀请了一位著名的科学家在世界地球日发表演讲。考查非谓语。结合“invitedafamousscientist”可知,此处是invitesbtodosth“邀请某人做某事”,空处用不定式作宾补,故选B。1.Myartteacherencouragedme___________(try)outfortheschoolpaintingpetition.【答案】totry2.Couldyoutellmewhowassent______(cover)theaccidentyesterday?【答案】tocover3.Vivienhadnochoicebut________(record)everywordherbosssaid.【答案】torecord4.Wehavetothinkofausefulwaytostopburglars___________(protect)ourwealth.【答案】toimprove 5.CouldyoutellmewhatIshouldpayattentionto______________(improve)myEnglish?【答案】toprotect6.YouyouTubecamethefirstChinese_________(win)aNobelPrizeformedicineonOctober5th,2015.【答案】towin7.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine_________(control)thepanywhentheCEOisaway.【答案】tocontrol8.It'sagreatshameforme__________infrontofsomanypeople.(laughat)【答案】tobelaughedat9.–Whyareyousoexcited?–Peterinvitedme_______(go)onatriptoPurpleMountain.【答案】togo10.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan_______(help)me.【答案】tohelp11.Tomoftenmakeshisbrother_______(cry),butyesterdayhewasmade_______(cry)byhisbrother.【答案】crying,tocry考点2非谓语动词的三种形式之二“动词ing形式”动名词1.动名词作主语(谓语动词用单数形式)Eatingdangshenandhuangqiherbsisalsogoodforthis.Knockingintoplayersandfallingdownwouldbedangerous2.动名词作宾语①enjoy/practice/endup/finish/consider/keep/bebusy/stand/imagine/mind+doing②thanksfor/beusedto/prefer…to…/payattentionto/begoodat/lookforwardto/havedifficulty(in)/havetrouble(in)/haveproblems(in)+doingDoyoumindopeningthewindow?MyfatherenjoyswatchingTV.【注意】有些动词即可用动名词作直接宾语,也可以用不定式作直接宾语,两者有着截然不同的意义。

(1)like,love,prefer,hate等表示喜爱、厌恶、偏好的情感动词,后跟不定式表示“仅一时的爱憎情感或指特定或具体某次行为”;后跟动名词表示“抽象性的一种倾向、爱好或习惯性的动作”

2)动词remember,forget,stop,goon,try,can'thelp等既能以动词不定式又能以动名词作宾语,但表达的意思却不同。与动词不定式连用时,表示未完成的动作。例如:

remember

后用动名词表示“记起过去做过的一件事”;后用动词不定式表示“记住要去做某一件事情”。

3)动词need,want,require,以及beworth之后动名词的主动语态含有被动的意思,相当于不定式的被动语态。Myhairneedscutting.现在分词1.现在分词作后置定语(表示动作正在发生,与被修饰词是主谓关系)Lookatthisgroupofpeopleplayingbeachvolleyball!Theremustbesomethingvisitingthehomesinourneighborhood.2.现在分词作表语Myhobbyiscollectingoldcoins.3.现在分词作宾补see,hear,watch,notice,observe,listento,lookatIsawtheyplayingfootballontheplaygroundyesterday.动词不定式和现在分词作宾补的区别常见动词区别例句现在分词一感;feel二听:hear,listento三使:make,let,have四看:lookat,see,watch,notice表示动作的一部分正在进行。Isawhimcrossingtheroad.我看见他正在过马路。动词不定式表示动作全过程已经结束或存在的事实。Isawhimcrosstheroad.我看见他过马路。(2023·江苏镇江·中考真题)41.Don’tgiveup________(尝试).I’msureyouwillsucceed.【答案】trying【解析】句意:不要放弃尝试。我相信你会成功的。try“尝试”,动词。giveupdoingsth.“放弃做某事”,动名词作宾语。故填trying。(2023·江苏扬州·中考真题)48.Itseemsthatfamiliesare________moreandmoretimetogether.(spend)【答案】spending【解析】句意:似乎家人在一起的时间越来越多了。spend“花(时间)”,空处应填spend的现在分词与are构成现在进行时结构,故填spending。(2022·江苏常州·中考真题)Iwasimpressedthattheyhadrisked____47____(lose)theirlivestocreateanewChina.【答案】losing【答案】句意:我对他们冒着失去生命的危险创建新中国印象深刻。riskdoing“冒险做某事”,故填losing。(2022·江苏无锡·中考真题)47.—Lily,Ihavedifficulty__________(read)icstripsinEnglish.—Don’tworry.Let’sreadsometogether.【答案】reading【解析】句意:——Lily,我在看英语连环画上遇到困难了。——别担心。我们一起来看。havedifficulty(in)doingsth.意为“在做某事方面有困难”,因此应用动词read的动名词reading。故填reading。(2022·江苏镇江·中考真题)45.Sorry,hamburgersinourshophavebeensoldout.Doyoumind_______(取消)yourorder?【答案】cancelling##canceling【解析】句意:对不起,我们店里的汉堡包已经卖完了。你介意取消订单吗?cancel“取消”,是动词,固定短语minddoingsth“介意做某事”,故填cancelling/canceling。1.SometimesJimhasgreatdifficulty_____(control)hismoods.【答案】controlling2.Johnprefersstayingathometo________(walk)outside.Thismakeshismotherworried.【答案】walking3.Themurderthattookplaceonacoldnightwasn'tworth____________(report),theseexperiencedjournaliststhought.【答案】reporting4.Can'tyouseeI'mbusy__________?(cook)【答案】cooking5.Wecouldnothelp__________afterweheardthestory.(laugh)【答案】laughing6.I'msorrytohavekeptyou__________.(wait)【答案】waiting7.Somestudentsprefer_______(chat)withtheirfriendsontheInternetto_______(do)theirhomeworkonweekends.【答案】chatting;doing8.Iusedto_______uplate,butnowIamusedto_______upearlyinthemorning.(get)【答案】get;getting9.Ican’thelpyou.Iambusy_______myhomework.(do)【答案】doing10.Ihavedifficulty_________allthewords.(remember)【答案】remembering11.MyfatherandIhadfun________theinterestingfilmyesterday.(watch)【答案】watching12.ThebookbyMoYanisworth________.(read)【答案】reading13.Heprefers______(stay)athometo______(go)toschool.【答案】staying;going考点3非谓语动词的三种形式之三“动词ed形式”1.过去分词作定语(与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已经完成含有被动意义)表被动:abookwrittenbyLuXun一本鲁迅写的书abookboughtbymyfather爸爸买的书表完成:adevelopedcountry一个发达国家theboiledwater已经烧开的水DavidSmithhasapignamedConnie.2.过去分词做状语结构句式:paredwithA,Bis与A相比,B更加paredwiththelittlebrother,Johnismoremondestandhardwporking.3.havesth.done意为“让某事被(别人)做”,即asksb.todosth.过去分词(done)这个动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成,含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成。Thedriverhadhiscarwashedonceaweek.那位司机每周让人洗一次车。Myhairistoolong.I’llhaveitcuttomorrow.我的头发太长了。明天我要请人理发了。1.Badluck!Ihadmynewmobilephone_________________(steal)onthewayhome.【答案】stolen2.Lifehaschangedalotbecauseoftheputers______________(connect)totheInternet.【答案】connected3.Thepolicemanhashadwhatthesuspectsaid________________(记录).【答案】recorded4.Ileftmybagintheshopjustnow.MayItroubleyoutohaveit________________(find).【答案】found5._________________(比较)withthelifeontheEarth,thelifeonMarswouldbeveryinterestingandchallenging.【答案】pared考点4非谓语动词在作文中的运用非谓语动词可以使得作文中的句式变得更加丰富,改善学生过度使用简单句的习惯。其中使用比较多的非谓语形式有动词不定式todo表示目的,现在分词doing表示伴随状语,动名词doing放在句首作句子的主语。例如:Listeningcarefullyplaysanimportantroleinourlife.动名词doing做主语Weshouldlistentoourparentscarefullyinordertoknowaboutourparents’ideasandavoidarguingwitheachother.todo表示目的Inordertodevelopmysenseofresponsibility,Iplantohaveasocialpracticeactivity.todo表示目的Togetusedtothemiddleschoollife,Ihavesomesuggestionsforyou.todo表示目的Inmyopinion,it’sbettertobuildavegetablegarden.Thereasonsareasfollows.Itisadjtodo句式Third,workinginthegardencanhelpstudentslearnfarmingskills.动名词doing做主语Ontheotherhand,joiningsomeclubscanmakeyourschoollifemorecolorful.动名词doing做主语Asteenagers,Ithinkit’sourdutytospreadourtraditionalculture.Itis+名词短语+todo句式Youmayfinditdifficulttomakefriendswithpeoplewhoalwayshavedoubtsaboutyou.it做形式宾语Asforme,oneofmysecretsofmakingfriendsisbeinghelpful.动名词doing做表语Ibelievethatbeinghelpfulmeansshowingconcernforothers.动名词ing做主语Knowingabouthisstateofmind,Ioftenwenttoencouragehimandsupportedhimduringhistraining.现在分词做伴随状语一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Thisbook(write)byawriter(name)ZhuZiqing.2.—Canyoutellmeyourtime(spend)watchingTVeveryweek?—OK,noproblem.3.TocelebratetheSpringFestival,Mumsaysshe’llhaveourhouse(paint).4.ThetornadolastmonthintheUSAwasarealdisaster,(leave)thousandsofpeoplehomeless.5.Thedoorwasfound(lock)accidentaliy,andIcouldn’tgetoutoftheroom.6.—Howlonghasthehighspeedrailway“FuxingHao”(connect)BeijingtoShanghaibeeninservice?—SinceJune26,2017.Andittravelsataspeedof350kilometresperhour.7.(connect)thetwocities,thehighspeedrailwayplaysanimportantroleinourdailylife.8.Marieisoftenseen(park)hercarforovertenminutesbecausesheisagreenhandindriving.9.ThefilmFullRiverRed(direct)byZhangYimouhascaughtmanypeople’seyesrecently.10.Whowillyouaskforhelpwhen(have)problems?11.—Arethereanystudents(play)footballontheplayground?—Yes.It’stimeforafterschoolactivities.【答案】14waswritten;namedspentpaintedleaving511lockedconnectingConnectingtoparkdirectedhavingplaying二、单项选择1.Mylittlecousinenjoys ____________picturebooksbeforehegoestobed.A.toread B.read C.reads D.reading2.Thepolicemancaughtthedrunkdriver,buthedidn’tremember________theoldlady.A.knockdown B.toknockdown C.knockeddown D.knockingdown3.MostchildrenexpectFatherChristmas________themthegiftastheywish.A.give B.togive C.gave D.giving4.Theorganizationisconsidering_________somemoneytovictimsofthenaturaldisaster.A.donate B.donating C.todonateD.todonating5.Themodernfashionineducationistoletthechild________everything!A.decide B.decides C.todecide D.deciding6.Mymotherdidn’texpect_______suchalovelypresentfromme!A.receive B.received C.toreceive D.receiving7.Thelittleboydenied_____thewindowwithastone.A.break B.broke C.tobreak D.breaking8.Thesystemhastheability________morethanoneprogramatthesametime.A.running B.runs C.torun D.ran9.Thebankclerk'admitted_______everythingabouttheplanoftherobberyatlast.A.know B.knowing C.toknow D.knew10.Itissaidthatnowadaysyoungpeoplewouldrather_____theirfriendsforadvice.A.asked B.ask C.toask D.asking11.Youcanaskyourteacherforhelpifyoucan’tfinish______thereportbyyourself.A.write B.writing C.towrite D.wrote12.Lilythinkssheistoofatandrefuses________asusual,whichmakeshisparentsworried.A.toeat B.eat C.eating D.eats13.Whenthedetectiveinterviewedtheman,hedenied_______theexpensiveearrings.A.tosteal B.stealing C.steals D.steal14.Mr.Whitealwaysexpectedhisson__________anactivepartintheclasses.A.taking B.take C.takes D.totake15.Thesuspectadmitted__________thechemicalinthelabbeforehekilledhisroommate.A.tosteal B.stealing C.stole D.steal【答案】DDBBACDCBBBABDB(2023年苏州市工业园区中考二模英语试题)CMoreandmorepeoplebelievethattechnologiesaregreatforlearning.Today,suchteachingtoolsasiPadsareusedinalotofcourses,includinglanguage,historyandscience.ManyteachersaresupportersofusingiPadsinlanguagelearning.Theysaythatstudentsnowhavemuchmoretimefordiscussionintheclassroom.Insteadofspendingvaluableclasstimelisteningtotextsorwatchingteachingvideos,studentscandothisontheirownandetoclasspreparedfordiscussion.TheteachersalsosaythatiPadsallowstudentstolearnattheirownpace.Somestudentsmightlistentoadialogueonlyonceandunderstandit,sotheycansavetimefordoingotherthings.Otherstudents,however,mightneedtolistentothesamedialogueagainandagaintounderstandit.UsingiPadsisespeciallyhelpfultostudentswhoarelearningalanguageatdifferentpaces.Thestudentswhoareusingthenewtoolinsomecoursesarealsohappy.TheybelievethatusingiPadsisamoreenjoyablewaytolearn(suchaslisteningtostoriesandwatchingmovies).Theclasshasbeemuchmoreinterestingandcreative.Thereareotheradvantagesforstudents.ByusingiPads,theycanpaymoreattentiontothematerialandlearnmore.TeachingnotesarestoredintheiriPadsandareeasytofind.Somestudentsspendmoretimestudyingnow.“Icanlistentomylanguagematerialorwatchteachingvideosonthebus,insteadofhavingtowaituntilIgethome,”astudentexplained.ManyadultsplainthattechnologiessuchasiPadsaredoingharmtostudents.TheyworrythatstudentsmightuseiPadstodownloadteachingnotesandusethemtocheatduringexams.SomebelievethatiPadsmayseparatestudentsfromeachother.IfastudentspendsmoretimewatchingvideosonaniPad,hewillhavefeweropportunitiestohavefacetofacemunicationwithothers.However,technologiesarealreadyapartofmoststudents’daytodaylives.Asforcheating,teacherscanaskstudentstohandintheiriPadswhentheytakeexams.Educationneedstomakechangeswiththetimesastechnologyisplayinganimportantpart.WeshouldlookforwardtoawonderfulfuturewheniPadsandothertechnologiescanaddalottotheclassroom.23.Whatdoestheexpression“attheirownpace”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Accordingtotheirowntimetable. B.Withouttheirteachers’help.C.Becauseoftheirwonderfulgoals. D.Againsttheirparents’hope.24.Accordingtothepassage,whichisoneofthereasons,whysomeadultsfeelworriedabouttechnologiesusedineducation?A.Theydoharmtostudentseyes.B.Theymakestudentslessinterestedinlearning.C.Theyinfluencetherelationshipbetweenstudents.D.Theycausethestudentstobemorestressed.25.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.teacherscantakecontrolofstudents’learningB.examresultsdependalotonnewtechnologyC.technologyineducationhasabrightfutureD.notetakingisashelpfulasvideowatching26.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Newtechnologychangeslearning B.ThewonderfulfutureofiPadsC.Amoreenjoyablewaytolearn D.HowtouseiPadsproperly【答案】23.A24.C25.C26.A【解析】本文主要介绍了科技对学习的好处。【23题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“Somestudentsmightlistentoadialogueonlyonceandunderstandit,sotheycansavetimefordoingotherthings.Otherstudents,however,mightneedtolistentothesamedialogueagainandagaintounderstandit.UsingiPadsisespeciallyhelpfultostudentswhoarelearningalanguageatdifferentpaces.”可知,有些学生可能听一遍对话就能理解了,所以他们就能够节省时间去做其他事,而有些学生可能需要反复听对话才能理解得了,因此使用iPad对那些学习语言的速度不同的学生而言尤其有用。由此可推知,attheirownpace意为“按照他们自己的速度/节奏”,即表示为按照自己的时间安排。故选A。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheyworrythatstudentsmightuseiPadstodownloadteachingnotesandusethemtocheatduringexams.SomebelievethatiPadsmayseparatestudentsfromeachother.IfastudentspendsmoretimewatchingvideosonaniPad,hewillhavefeweropportunitiestohavefacetofacemunicationwithothers.”可知,大人们担心科技用于教育中的原因有二,一是担心学生们可能会用iPad在考试中作弊;二是担心学生们花更多时间在iPad上看视频,从而减少了与其他人面对面沟通交流的机会,即影响了学生们彼此之间的关系。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“WeshouldlookforwardtoawonderfulfuturewheniPadsandothertechnologiescanaddalottotheclassroom.”可知,作者认为科学技术在教育领域的应用有着美好的前景。故选C。【26题详解】最佳标题题。根据第一段第一句“Moreandmorepeoplebelievethattechnologiesaregreatforlearning.”,最后一段最后一句“WeshouldlookforwardtoawonderfulfuturewheniPadsandothertechnologiescanaddalottotheclassroom.”,及通读全文后可知,科学技术正应用于学习中,且越来越多人相信科技对学习是有用和有美好前景的。文章也主要介绍了科技对学习的好处,所以本文的最佳标题应是选项A“新科技改变学习”,符合文意。故选A。DPicturethescene:It’smidnight.You’reveryhungryafterstudyingforalongtime.Thenyouseeanicepieinthefridge.Doyoueatit?Itseemsthatyoushouldn’t,formanyreasons,includingitsinfluenceonyourstudies.Scientistshavelongknownthateatinglateatnightcanmakeusgainweight.Butnowanewstudyhasshownthatlatenighteatingcanalsohaveabadinfluenceonourbrains—itmighthurtourabilitytolearnnewthingsandstorememories.“Webelievethatlatenighteatingmayaffect(影响)ourlearningbyaffectingthepartsofthebrainthatcontrollearningandmemory,”DawnLoh,PhD,aprojectscientistattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,said,“Webelievethetimingofwhenweeatisthemaincauseofthedamaged(受损的)memory.”Forthestudy,theresearcherslookedatmicewithstrictfeedingplans.Fortwoweeks,themicewereeitherallowedtoeatduringthetimewhentheyareusuallythemostactive,orduringthetimewhentheyusuallysleep.Themicereceivedthesameamount(数量)ofsleepandcalories.Thentheresearcherstestedthebrainsofthemice.Inonetest,theresearcherstriedtofindoutwhetherthemicecouldrememberthataroomwasconnectedtoanelectricshock(电击)after24hourshadgoneby.Theresearchersnoticedthat,whenthemicewereputintheroomagain,thosemicethatatewhentheyshouldhavebeensleepingwerelesslikely(可能的)togetscaredthanthosemicethatateduringusualhours.Itmeansthattheydidn’tremember.Sothinktwicebeforethemidnightsnack—itmightbebadformorethanyourweight.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto(指代)?A.Studyingforlong. B.Anicepie. C.Anewstudy. D.Latenighteating.28.Forthestudy,theresearchersneed.A.tocheckthebrainsofthemicebeforetheteststartedB.tofeedthemiceonlyduringthetimewhentheyusuallysleepC.tokeepthemiceinaroomwithanelectricshockallthetime.D.toletthemicereceivethesameamountofsleeepandcalories.29.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A.Arecentstudyshowslateeatingaffectsweight.B.Whatweeatcanaffectlearningandmemory.C.Themicethatateduringsleepinghoursdidn’tremember.D.Themicethatateduringusualhoursdidn’tremember.30.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Eatingsnacksaffectsmemory B.LateeatinghurtsbrainC.Neverstayuplate D.Keepawayfromsnacks【答案】27.D28.D29.C30.B【解析】本文主要告诉我们深夜吃东西会使我们增加体重,而且对我们的大脑有坏的影响,这可能会伤害我们学习新东西和储存记忆的能力。【27题详解】D词义猜测题。根据第二段的Butnowanewstudyhasshownthatlatenighteatingcanalsohaveabadinfluenceonourbrains可知深夜吃东西也对我们的大脑有坏的影响,故猜测伤害我们的学习能力的,应是指深夜吃东西。故选D。【28题详解】D细节理解题。根据第四段的Themicereceivedthesameamount(数量)ofsleepandcalories.可知在研究中,研究人员让老鼠接收同样的睡眠和能量。故选D。【29题详解】C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的Theresearchersnoticedthat,whenthemicewereputintheroomagain,thosemicethatatewhentheyshouldhavebeensleepingwerelesslikely(可能的)togetscaredthanthosemicethatateduringusualhours.Itmeansthattheydidn’tremember.可知那些在理应睡觉的时候吃东西的老鼠,不害怕屋里的电击,这意味着他们没有记住。故推断睡觉时间吃东西的老鼠记不住。故选C。【30题详解】B标题归纳题。根据第二段的Scientistshavelongknownthateatinglateatnightcanmakeusgainweight.Butnowanewstudyhasshownthatlatenighteatingcanalsohaveabadinfluenceonourbrains—itmighthurtourabilitytolearnnewthingsandstorememories.可知本文主要介绍深夜吃东西会使我们增加体重,而且对我们的大脑有坏的影响,这可能会伤害我们学习新东西和储存记忆的能力,故表示应是晚吃饭伤害大脑。故选B点睛:根据提干要求,在文中找到相应的语句和段落,进行分析理解,推理判断,词义猜测和归纳总结,选出正确的选项。例如小题1,根据第二段的Butnowanewstudyhasshownthatlatenighteatingcanalsohaveabadinfluenceonourbrains可知深夜吃东西也对我们的大脑有坏的影响,故猜测伤害我们的学习能力的,应是指深夜吃东西。故选D。四、信息还原(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)Areyouthekindofpersonwholikestomovewithmusic?____31____Evenlittlechildrenstartjumpingupanddownwhentheyhearmusic.Scientistssaythatanimalsdance,too.____32____The“dances”ofanimalssendmessagestootheranimals.Butwhenpeopledance,theyexpressfeelingsaboutlifeandlove,orabouttheseveryhumanexperiences.Dancesarereallygoodforyouinmanyways.Foronething,dancingisgoodforyouphysically.Itmakesyourheartworkandmakesyoubreathefast.____33____Ifyougodancingoften,youcankeepphysicallyfit.Youmayfeelverytiredafterdancing,butyou’llprobablyalsofeelrelaxedandhappy.Thisisanotherimportantpointaboutdancing.Itgivesyouachancetoexpressyourfeelingandfeelbetteraboutyourself.____34____,dancinghelpsthosefeelingsgoaway.____35____Somedancesareforcouplesandsomeareforgroups.Butallkindsofdancesgiveyouachancetomeetnewpeopleortodosomethingenjoyablewithfriends.A.Buttheirdancingisdifferent.B.Andfinally,it’sasocialactivity.C.Ifpeoplelikedancingverymuch.D.IfyouareangryorupsetaboutsomethingE.Italsomakesyouuseyourarmsandyourlegs.F.It’sanaturalthingtodo.G.Inaword,dancesdousalotofgood.【答案】31.F32.A33.E34.D35.B【解析】本文主要讲述了舞蹈在人们生活中的重要作用。【31题详解】根据上文“Areyouthekindofpersonwholikestomovewithmusic?”和下文“Evenlittlechildrenstartjumpingupanddownwhentheyhearmusic.”可知,甚至是小孩子都会在听到音乐的时候跳上跳下,更不用说是大人了,因此与其对应的此空应是选项F“这是一件很自然的事情。”说明人随着音乐而舞动是很自然而然的事。故选F。【32题详解】根据上文“Scientistssaythatanimalsdance,too.”和下文“The“dances”ofanimalssendmessagestootheranimals.”可知,动物也跳舞,但动物的舞蹈是向其他动物传达信息。与其对应的此空应是选项A“但它们的舞蹈不一样。”表示了动物的舞蹈和人类舞蹈的作用是不同的。故选A。【33题详解】根据上文“Itmakesyourheartworkandmakesyoubreathefast.”可知,跳舞会让心脏工作,让呼吸加快。与其对应的此空应是选项E“它也会让你用上你的胳膊和腿。”介绍跳舞的好处。故选E。【34题详解】根据空后的内容“dancinghelpsthosefeelingsgoaway”可知,跳舞有助于消除这些情绪,由此可推“这些情绪”应是不好的情绪,空处应与不好的情绪有关,选项D“如果你对某些事情感到愤怒或心烦”符合。故选D。【35题详解】根据下文“Somedancesareforcouplesandsomeareforgroups.Butallkindsofdancesgiveyouachancetomeetnewpeopleortodosomethingenjoyablewithfriends.”可知,有些舞蹈是双人舞蹈,有些是团体舞蹈,但所有种类的舞蹈都给你一个认识新朋友或和朋友一起做一些愉快的事情的机会。所以,舞蹈是一项社交活动,与其对应的此空应是选项B“最后,舞蹈是一项社交活动。”符合。故选B。(2022·江苏扬州·中考真题)A.句子翻译(共5小题;每小题2分,计10分)将下列句子译成英语,并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。71.我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人?_______________________________________________________________【答案】Whatcanwedotohelpthoseinneed?【解析】句子是特殊疑问句,我们能做什么:whatcanwedo;帮助:help;有需要的人:thoseinneed;由语境可知,“帮助有需要的人”是目的,作目的状语用动词不定式。故填Whatcanwedotohelpthoseinneed?72.不用时,请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。_______________________________________________________________【答案】Pleaseturnoffthelights,theTVandtheputerwhentheyarenotinuse.【解析】句子是祈使句,以动词原形开头,please“请”;关掉:turnoff;电灯:theligths;电视:theTV;电脑:theputer;当……时候:when;beinuse“在使用中”,从句主语是they“它们”,be动词用are,变否定句

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