江苏专转本(英语)模拟试卷32(题后含答案及解析)

江苏专转本（英语）模拟试卷32(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.VocabularyandStructure2.ReadingComprehension3.Cloze5.Translation6.WritingVocabularyandStructure1．Ineed______morevolunteerstohelpmovethepiano.A．noneB．anyC．fewD．some正确答案：D解析：语法题，要求考生注意不定代词作修饰词的用法。首先要看清题意是肯定还是否定，然后决定用肯定的不定代词还是否定的不定代词。此处为肯定含义，因此none，any及few均不能用，而只能用表示肯定的some。2．Thechildrenareas______aslarks.A．happyB．joyousC．gayD．merry正确答案：A解析：固定搭配。此处根据题意四个选项均对，但ashappyasalark是固定搭配，是成语。3．Shethoughtitwas______nottoknowsomeofthebasicfactsofhercountry.A．shamefulB．ashamedC．ashameD．ashameful正确答案：C解析：词形词义辨析题。此处意义非常清楚，但同根词的形式难以区分。shameful指可耻的，丢脸的，不道德的，不体面的；ashamed常作表语，表示羞耻，羞愧，害臊；ashame指羞辱，羞愧，耻辱，可耻的人或事；ashameful并无此词。4．Tedagreedto______thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfythedemandoftheworkers.A．calloutB．calltoC．calloffD．callon正确答案：C解析：词语辨析题，同一动词跟上不同的介副词，词义不同。callout指工会等命令工人罢工，唤起，引起；callto无此用法；calloff指放弃，取消；callon指呼吁，号召，请求。5．Iwenttomyadvisertoaskhimwhatcourses______.A．shouldItakeB．mustItakeC．totakeD．Iweretotake正确答案：C解析：语法题，要求考生注意从句中单词的顺序及从句的缩略形式。由疑问代词引导的从句必须使用正常语序，它可以有省略形式，即省略主语，而把谓语动词变为不定式。因此A和B都不对，而D有时态错误，也不可以用。6．______,thebookhasmanymistakes.A．HavingnotbeenwrittencarefullyB．NotwritingcarefullyC．HavingwrittennotcarefullyD．Nothavingbeenwrittencarefully正确答案：D解析：语法题，要求考生注意分词短语作状语时，分词的形式取决于句子的逻辑主语。句子的逻辑主语为书，它与动词“写”之间的关系为动宾关系，因此分词应为被动态，可先排除答案B，A和C形式上对了，但语序错了，not修饰分词时应放在分词的前面。7．Yourhairwants______.You’dbetterhaveitdonetomorrow.A．cutB．tocutC．cuttingD．beingcut正确答案：C解析：语法题，主动形式表示被动含义。英语中有一些动词可跟主动形式的宾语表示被动含义，如：want，need，此时的主语一般为物；这些动词后面也可跟不定式的被动形式。8．Indevelopingcountries,peopleare______intoovercrowdedcitiesingreatnumbers.A．breakingB．fillingC．pouringD．hurrying正确答案：C解析：词语辨析题，近义词辨析。breakinto指破门而入；fillinto指填充，填满；pourinto指倾注，源源输送；hurryinto指匆忙进入，此处只有C符合题意，意指人们仍在不断的进人城市。9．Someoldpeopledon’tlikepopsongsbecausetheycan’t______somuchnoise.A．resistB．sustainC．tolerateD．undergo正确答案：C解析：词语辨析题，同义词辨析。resist指抵抗，反抗，对抗，抵制，抗拒(一些不好的东西，并带有强烈的感情色彩)；sustain指支撑，承受住；忍受，经得住(不好的东西，如：打击，考验等)；tolerate指忍受，宽恕，默认(不好的东西的存在)；undergo指经历，经受，忍受，强调过程。10．Asaresultofcarelesswashing,thejacket______toachild’ssize.A．compressedB．shrankC．droppedD．decreased正确答案：B解析：词语辨析题，同义词辨析。compress指用力挤压使变小，压缩，浓缩；shrink指收缩，蜷缩，皱缩，强调面积的变小；drop指坠下，落下；decrease指数量变小，衣服缩水通常指面积变小，因此shrank(shrink的过去式)符合题意。11．Manydifficulties______asaresultofthechangeovertoanewtypeoffuel.A．risenB．arisenC．aroseD．raised正确答案：C解析：词语辨析题，词形及同义词辨析。rise指自然的上升，为不及物动词；arise(arose，arisen)指出现，呈现，为不及物动词；raise指人为的提升某物的空间位置，为及物动词。此处需要不及物动词，表示出现，因此arose为正确答案。12．Althoughhehadlookedthroughallthereferencematerialonthesubject,hestillfoundithardtounderstandthispointandherexplanationonly______tohisconfusion.A．extendedB．amountedC．addedD．turned正确答案：C解析：搭配及语意理解。此处四个词均可与介词to搭配，但搭配后的意义完全不同，extendto指延伸至；amountto指合计，总共达，相当于，等于；addto指增添，做加法；turnto指转向某人寻求帮助，只有addto符合题意。13．Everybodylooked______thedirectionoftheexplosion.A．toB．fromC．inD．into正确答案：C解析：介词搭配。lookto指照管，留心，注意，期待，主语通常为人，后面通常跟人或物，跟方向时，主语为物；lookfrom后跟地点或物品，表示从某个方位看；lookin加方向表示朝某个方向看，lookinto指调查事件，或朝某物里面看。14．Whois______personnelatpresent?A．inthechargeofB．underchargeofC．underthechargeofD．inchargeof正确答案：D解析：词语辨析题，词形及同义词辨析。inthechargeof指在某人的掌管、控制下，后跟人，此人为主控；underchargeof同underthechargeof指在某人的掌管(看管)下，后跟人，此人为主控；inchargeof主管，掌管，看管，后跟物。此处personnel(人事部)为一个部门，因此答案为inchargeof。15．Alotofpeoplehavetried,but______havesucceeded.A．thefewB．fewC．somefewD．afew正确答案：B解析：词语辨析题，同时涉及逻辑关系。thefew指上文已提到的少数，意义肯定，few指几乎没有，意义否定；some，few不能同时使用，afew指有一些，意义肯定。此句后半部分语意转折，应为否定，故答案应为few。16．Willallthose______theproposalraisetheirhands?A．inrelationtoB．inexcessofC．incontrasttoD．infavorof正确答案：D解析：词语辨析题，要能区分易混短语中心词的基本含义，因为短语的区别通常在于中心词的区别。inrelationto指关于，涉及，有关；inexcessof指超过；incontrastto指与……形成对照；infavorof指赞同……，支持……，有利于……。17．Tradeunionsoften______withemployersforbetterconditionsofpayemployment.A．askB．requireC．bargainD．plead正确答案：C解析：词语搭配题，要求考生能根据题意选择最佳搭配。此题四个选项中有三个可与题中介词for搭配，但意思不同，askfor指请求，向……要；通过询问来寻找；require需要，要求，命令，为及物动词，不能跟介词for;bargainfor讨价还价．谈判，想廉价把……弄到手，指望，预期；pleadfor表示辩护，抗辩，申明，后跟人。18．Thelawyeradvisedhimtodropthe______,sincehestandslittlechancetowin.A．caseB．eventC．affairD．incident正确答案：A解析：词语辨析题，要求考生不仅了解词的相同之处，还应了解它们的特殊用法。此处四个词均可表示事件，但各有侧重。case不仅指事实，实情，状况，事例，实例；还指病例，患者，诉讼，案件。event指事件，大事，事变，事情，偶然事件，活动，经历。affair单数时指令人不快的事件，事情，复数时指比较重要的事务，事态。incident指小事，插曲，或政治事变。此题关键词是lawyer，因此答案为case。19．Mybrother’splansarevery______:hewantstomasterEnglish.FrenchandSpanishbeforeheissixteen.A．abundantB．ambitiousC．arbitraryD．aggressive正确答案：B解析：词语辨析题，要求考生了解词的外延意义。abundant指数量上的多，大；ambitious褒义时指有雄心的，劲头十足的，贬义时指有野心的；arbitrary贬义，指任意的，专断的，专横的；aggressive贬义时指侵略的，爱寻衅的，行为放肆，过分；褒义时指敢做敢为的，有进取心的。根据题意，我弟弟不仅有上进心，而且计划宏伟，只有ambitious符合题意。20．Therelationshipbetweenemployersandemployeeshasbeenstudied______.A．originallyB．extremelyC．violentlyD．intensively正确答案：D解析：词语辨析题，要求考生结合语意，选择最合适的词。originally指最初地．原始地，独创性地；extremely指末端地，极端地，激进地；violently指猛烈地，激烈地，极端地，极度地，凶暴地，由暴力引起地；intensively指加强地，集中地，深入细致地。B和C有贬义，不适合，A不符合题意，因此D为最合适的答案。21．Althoughtheexaminationhehadpassedwasunimportant,hissuccess______himinhislaterstudy.A．persuadedB．promisedC．urgedD．encouraged正确答案：D解析：encourage鼓励，如：Heencouragedmetoacceptthischallenge．他鼓励我接受这一挑战。A．persuade说服，常用persuadesb．todosth．说服某人做某事。B．promise答应，允诺，如：Hepromisedtocome．他答应要来的。C．urge鞭策，力促，如：tourgethehorseon鞭马前进。从题意中可以看出这次考试并不重要，只是鼓励了他，而不是鞭策他。所以D为最佳答案。22．Ihopetohearmoreabouttheactivities______there.A．goingonB．beinggoneonC．beinghappenedD．tobehappened正确答案：A解析：此处考动词现在分词用作定语。首先从goon和happen两个短语均不能用于被动语态，可直接排除B、C、D项。注意只有及物动词才有可能出现过去分词用作定语，如：abookwrittenbyMarkTwain马克·吐温写的一本书。23．Youshould______thesetablesandbuynewones.A．throwoffB．throwdownC．throwupD．throwaway正确答案：D解析：throwaway扔掉，如：Don’tthrowthisbookaway．Itmaybeusedlater．别把这本书给扔了，以后可能有用。A．throwoff摆脱掉；匆匆脱下(衣服)，如：throwoffthebadhabit摆脱坏的习惯。此处题意是说去旧换新，而非摆脱桌子。B．throwdown朝下扔。C．throwup(接名词)放弃，如：throwupone’sjob放弃工作。24．Idon’tthinkIknowthegirlwithlonghairalthoughshe______meofsomeoneIknow.A．remembersB．recallsC．suggestsD．reminds正确答案：D解析：remind使回想起；提醒，常用于“remindsb．ofsth．使某人回想起……”结构中。如：remindmeofmychildhood使我回想到自己的童年。A．remember记住，记得，如：Irememberhername．我记得她的名字。B．recall回想起，如：recallone’shometown回想起自己的家乡。C．suggest建议；表明，如：Hiswordsuggestedhissupporttoourplan．他的话表明他支持我们的计划。A、B、C项均不能用于…sb.ofsth．结构中。25．Somediscussionhas______aboutwhoshouldbeputinchargeofthisproject.A．risenB．liftedC．raisedD．arisen正确答案：D解析：从题意中可得出此处应填一个不及物动词，故可排除B、C两项。D．arise出现；发生，如：Difficultieswillariseaswedothework．我们着手工作时定会困难。A．rise上升；上涨，如：Thepriceroseup．价格上涨，用在此处不合句意。26．Therearesome______flowersonthedesk.A．artificialB．falseC．unrealD．untrue正确答案：A解析：artificial人造的，如：artificialsilk人造丝。B．false假的；不真实的，指与实际情况不符。如Thisstatementisfalse．这种说法不属实。C．unreal虚幻的，强调与客观情况不符，不是现实的。D．untrue不真实的，意思同false，花只能说是人造花，即假花，而不能说不是真实的或虚幻的。27．Itisa______tohearhisspeech.A．boredB．boreC．boringD．boresome正确答案：B解析：题干中缺一名词成分，而四个选项中A、C、D均为形容词，只有B．bore令人厌烦的人或事，可以用作名词。A．bored感到厌烦的。C．boring令人厌烦的。D．boresome根本就是一个人造词。28．______theirsuggestions,wewilldiscussthemfullyatthenextmeeting.A．InregardforB．InregardtoC．WithregardofD．Regardlessfor正确答案：B解析：inregardto／of关于……，为固定搭配，所以A在形式上就不成立。withregardto也可以表示“关于……”，但不能用介词“of”来代替“to”，因此可以排除C。regardlessof不注意，不关心；不顾，如：regardlessofwindorrain风雨无阻。所以D项在搭配上也不正确。29．Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople______harmthem.A．morethanB．betterthanC．otherthanD．ratherthan正确答案：D解析：发展核科学当然只应该是为了造福于民。ratherthan…而不是……，如：Hewoulddieratherthansurrender．他宁死不屈。A．morethan比……多，如：Heismorebravethanwise．他有勇无谋。B．betterthan优于。C．otherthan而不是……，一般用于人，并与no连用，如：SheisnootherthanJane．她就是珍妮本人。30．Howmanymoredecadeswillhavetopass______scientistssucceedinprovidingacureforcancer?A．whenB．sinceC．beforeD．until正确答案：C解析：before常可用于将来时态，表示“才；就”，如：Itwillbeseveralweeksbeforeyouareusedtothenewlifeincollege．几个星期后你就会适应大学里的新生活了。A．when一般不与将来时态连用。B．since常与现在完成时连用。D．until直到，用在此处意义不符。31．Ihavenoobjection______yourstoryagain.A．tohearB．tohearingC．tohavingheardD．tohaveheard正确答案：B解析：objectionto后面加V—ing形式，表示“反对做某事”。32．Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggested______atthenexttown.A．tostopB．stoppingC．stopD．havingstopped正确答案：A解析：suggest后跟动词todo形式。33．TheBritishconstitutionis______alargeextentaproductofthehistoricaleventsdescribedabove.A．withinB．toC．byD．at正确答案：B解析：toalargeextent为一固定介词短语，意为“很大程度上”。34．Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanybookshop,willgiveyou______youneed.A．ailtheinformationB．alltheinformationsC．allofinformationD．alloftheinformations正确答案：A解析：information为不可数名词，前面既不能加a／an，后面又不加“s”。类似的名词还有：knowledge，progress，equipment，luggage等。35．IfonlyI______thebooksonthereadinglistbeforeIattendedthelecture.A．havebeenreadingB．wouldhavereadC．havereadD．hadread正确答案：D解析：ifonly表示“但愿”，后跟虚似语气，本句表示与过去事实相反，因此使用haddone。36．He______forsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexamination.A．hadbeenstudyingEnglishB．willhavebeenstudyingEnglishC．studiedEnglishD．studiesEnglish正确答案：B解析：由by(thetimewhen)引导的将来时间句，其主句时态应使用将来完成时态或将来完成进行时态。37．“Didyoucalltomakeyourairlinereservation?”“Notyet,butI______A．shouldhaveB．mayC．mustD．shall正确答案：A解析：shouldhavedone表示“应该做，而事实上没有做”。38．I’djustassoon______thatimportantletterhomewithyou.A．thatyouwon’ttakeB．pleasedon’tyoutakeC．younottakingD．youdidn’ttake正确答案：A解析：wouldjustassoon后跟从句，从句中一般使用一般过去时态。39．Iwouldhavehelpedhimsolvetheproblem,butIwassobusythen.A．ifit’spossibleB．ifithasbeenpossibleC．hasitbeenpossibleD．haditbeenpossible正确答案：B解析：虚拟条件句的倒装形式。40．Sincetheflighthasbeencanceledbecauseofbadweather,we______gobytrain.A．oughttohaveB．hadbettertoC．mightaswellD．wouldrathernot正确答案：C解析：might(may)aswell+V，表示“还是……好”。ReadingComprehensionInancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,becamefirstanationaleventandthen,international.ThegamestookplaceinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.ManythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartsofGeece.Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete.Theexactsequenceofeventsisuncertain,buteventsincludedboy’sgymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracingandfieldevents.OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.Sogreatwasthehonorthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhisvictory.AlthoughOlympicwinnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresultscomparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.Nowadays,theGamesareheldindifferentcountriesinturn.Thehostcountryprovidesvastfacilities,includingastadium,swimmingpoolsandlivingaccommodation,butcompetingcountriespaytheirownathletes’expenses.TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthestadiumofatorch,lightedonMountOlympusbythesun’srays.Itiscarriedbyasuccessionofrunnerstothestadium.ThetorchsymbolizedthecontinuationoftheancientGreekathleticideals,anditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntiltheclosingceremony.Thewell-knownOlympicflag,however,isamodernconception:thefiveinterlockingringssymbolizetheunitingofallfivecontinentsparticipatingintheGames.41．InancientGreece,theOlympicGames______.A．weremerelynationalathleticfestivalsB．wereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolorC．hadruleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageouspositionD．wereprimarilynationaleventswithfewforeignparticipants正确答案：B解析：由文章第一段第一句InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations．“在古希腊，运动的节日很重要并具有很强的宗教色彩”，可知答案为B。42．IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames______.A．onlymakeGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateinthegamesB．allGreeks,irrespectiveofsexorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepartinC．allGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteintheGamesD．allmaleGeeekswerequalifiedtocompeteintheGames正确答案：A解析：文章第二段第三句Slaves，womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete．“奴隶、妇女和名声坏的人不允许参加比赛”，可知答案为A。43．TheorderofathleticeventsattheancientOlympics______.A．hasnotdefinitelybeenestablishedB．variedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitorsC．wasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonortheGameswereheldD．wasconsideredunimportant正确答案：A解析：文章第二段第四句Theexactsequenceofeventsisuncertain,…“运动比赛的顺序没有确定”，可知答案为A。44．Modernathletes’resultscannotbecomparedwiththoseofancientrunners’because______.A．theGreekshadnomeansofrecordingtheresultsB．theyaremuchbetterC．detailssuchasthetimewerenotrecordedinthepastD．theyaremuchworse正确答案：C解析：文章第三段最后一句Howtheirresultscomparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling，可知答案为C。45．Nowadays,theathletes’expensesarepaidfor______.A．outoftheprizemoneyofthewinnersB．outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnationsC．bytheathletesthemselvesD．bycontributions正确答案：B解析：文章第四段最后一句中butcompetingcountriespaytheirownathletes’expenses．“但是，参赛国支付自己运动员的花费”，故选B。Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationswanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”,or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”,ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedservice,ofcourse,isareflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”,wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasinginnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.46．Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspapercolumns______.A．informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailableB．promisesusefuladvicetothoselookingforemploymentC．dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypesD．informsemployersofthepeopleavailableforwork正确答案：B解析：细节理解题。该题有一定难度。根据题干，解答该题应定位在第一段。第二行说“它有时放在‘situationsvacant’(招聘)栏目……，”其中招聘加了引号，再加上随后的让步从句明确否定了给人提供工作，所以A项应排除。第三行说“它有时放在‘situationswanted’(求职)栏目……，”随后的让步从句也明确否定了D项。而选择正确答案应根据最后一句话“Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob．”，所以B项正确。C项“把现有的工作分成各种类型”文章没有提及，也应排除。47．Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause______.A．thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeopleB．therearesomanytop-leveljobsavailableC．therearesomanypeopleoutofworkD．thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart正确答案：C解析：细节理解题。解答该题只需正确理解第二段第二行起的一句话“Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedservice，ofcourse，isareflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment．”这种特别服务的出现和成功反映了当今的高失业率。这正是C项的内容。该题属倒着考题型。48．Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould______.A．writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistoryB．passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajobC．havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwriteD．keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview正确答案：D解析：细节理解题。最关键的提示句应该是第三段第三行起的一句话“Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview．”言外之意，在信中不必写得太详细，应该在得到面试机会时才透露更多细节。49．Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludeintheletter______.A．somethingthatwouldattractattentiontoone’sapplicationB．hintedinformationaboutthepersonalityoftheapplicantC．one’sadvantagesoverothersinapplyingforthejobD．anoccasionaltrickwiththeaggressiveapproach正确答案：A解析：细节理解题。文章第四段第一行中的“asyoumoveduptheladder”对应了题干中的“asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs”。因此，随后的内容即为答案：“Somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor．Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest．”A项正确。B项说“有关申请人个性的隐含信息”，C项说“申请人申请工作时相对于其他人的优势”，这两项均不正确；D项表示“用主动积极的方法偶尔玩点花招”只是引人关注的其中一种方法，不如A具有概括性。50．Thejobhistoryhasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause______.A．therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertisedB．therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegreesC．jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowdaysD．theotherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicated正确答案：B解析：单句理解题，A项说“男人女人离家出走是为了交流”与文中最后一段第二句矛盾。文章第二段中提示jobhistory也就是curriculumvitae。问题问个人履历为什么重要。学生只要正确理解最后一段，就可作出正确选择，最后一句实际上是一强调句型：itis…that…，“itis”后的内容也即是B项的内容，所以B项正确。A、C、D项文中都没有涉及，均应排除。Incitieswithrentcontrol,thecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment.Supportersofrentcontrolarguethatitprotectspeoplewhoarelivinginapartments.Theirrentcannotincrease;therefore,theyarenotindangeroflosingtheirhomes.However,thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects.Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,theyinvestinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonotinvestinnewbuildingswhichwouldalsoberentcontrolled.Asaresult,newapartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics,theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity.Sometheoristsarguethattheminimumwagelawcancauseproblemsinthesameway.Thefederalgovernmentsetstheminimumthatanemployermustpayworkers.Theminimumhelpspeoplewhogenerallylookforunskilled,low-payingjobs.However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayhirefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice,whichisthewagethatemployersmustpay,increases.Therefore,otherthingsbeingequal,thenumberofworkersthatemployerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.Somepoorpeoplemayfindthemselveswithoutjobsinsteadofwithjobsattheminimumwage.Supportersoftheminimumwagesaythatithelpspeoplekeeptheirdignity.Becauseofthelaw,workerscannotselltheirservicesforlessthantheminimum.Furthermore.employerscannotforceworkerstoacceptjobsatunfairwages.Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif“otherthingsareequal”.Economistsdonotagreeonsomeofthepredictions.Theyalsodonotagreeonthevalueofdifferentdecisions.Someeconomistssupportaparticulardecisionwhileotherscriticizeit.Economistsdoagree,however,thattherearenosimpleanswerstoeconomicquestions.51．Thereisthepossibilitythatsettingmaximumrentmay______.A．causeashortageofapartmentsB．worrythosewhorentapartmentsashomesC．increasetheprofitsoflandlordsD．encouragelandlordstoinvestinbuildingapartment正确答案：A解析：细节理解题。问“规定最高租金可能会导致什么结果”。文章第一段明确指出，landlords(房东)收取租户的租金有了最高限额，所以他们的利润受到影响，也可能导致他们投资其他行业，鉴于此，C、D两项都是错误的。B项“使以租房为家的人担忧”文中没有涉及，也不对。依据第一段最后一句话“…，theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity．”可知A项为唯一选项。52．Wecansafelysaythatrentcontrol______.A．willalwaysbenefitthosewhorentapartmentsB．isunnecessaryC．willbringnegativeeffectsinthelongrunD．isnecessaryunderallcircumstances正确答案：C解析：细节理解题。依据第一段第四行“However，thecriticssaythatafteralongtime，rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects．”可断定C项正确。A、B、D诸项都含绝对意味，都不符合文中意思。53．Theproblemofunemploymentwillarise______.A．iftheminimumwageissettoohighB．iftheminimumwageissettoolowC．iftheworkersareunskilledD．ifthemaximumwageisset正确答案：A解析：细节理解题。解答该题只要准确理解第二段的含义，尤其从第三行开始“Howevet，iftheminimumishigh，…Thus，criticsclaim，anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment．”此题较简单。54．Thepassagetellsus______.A．therelationshipbetweensupplyanddemandB．thepossibleresultsofgovernmentcontrolsC．thenecessityofgovernmentcontrolD．theurgencyofgettingridofgovernmentcontrols正确答案：B解析：主旨题。本文从rentcontrol和最低工资控制两方面讨论了政府控制可能造成的后果。进一步说，许多政府行为可能保护某些利益，但从长远看，也会带来许多问题。B项正确。A项说：(文章叙述了)供需关系；C项说：(文章叙述了)政府控制的必要性；D项说：(文章叙述了)摆脱政府控制的紧迫性。文章并没有深入谈及这三项内容，显然不能成为文章主旨。55．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A．Theresultsofeconomicdecisionscannotalwaysbepredicted.B．Minimumwagecannotalwaysprotectemployees.C．Economictheorycanpredicttheresultsofeconomicdecisionsifotherfactorsarenotchanging.D．Economicdecisionsshouldnotbebasedoneconomictheory.正确答案：A解析：细节判断题。依据第三段第五行“Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif‘otherthingsareequal’．”可得知A项是对的。从第二段可得知规定最低工资会使得雇主雇用更少的工人，会考虑用机器替代工人，也就会导致更多的人失业，所以B项应该是可以成立的说法。C项的内容实际上就是A项的另一种说法，也可成立。依据第四段内容，可得知D项不正确。经济理论应该有相当的参考价值，只是还需考虑方方面面的因素。Theageofgildedyouthisover.Today’sunderthirtiesarethefirstgenerationforacenturywhocanexpectalowerlivingstandardthantheirparents.Researchintothelifestyleandprospectsofpeoplebornsince1970showsthattheyarelikelytofacealifetimeoflongerworkinghours,lowerjobsecurityandhighertaxesthanthepreviousgenerations.Whentheyleaveworklateintheeveningtheywillbemorelikelytoreturntoasmallrentedflatthantoahouseoftheirown.When,eventually,theyretireitwillbeonpensionsfarlowerinrealtermsthanthoseoftheirimmediateforebears.ThefindingsarerevealedinastudyofthewaytheageingofBritain’spopulationisaffectingdifferentgenerations.AntheaTinker,theprofessorofsocialgerontologyatKing’sCollegeLondon,whocarriedoutmuchofthework,saidthegrowthoftheproportionofpeopleover50hadreversedthetraditionalflowofwealthfromoldertoyoungergenerations.“Today’soldermiddle-agedandelderlyarebecomingthenewwinners,“shesaid.“Theymaderelativelysmallcontributionsintaxbutnowmakerelativelybigclaimsonthewelfaresystem.Generationsborninthelastthreetofourdecadesfacetheprospectofhandingovermorethanathirdoftheirlifetime’searningstocareforthem.“Thesurgingnumberofolderpeople,manylivingalone,hasalsoincreaseddemandforpropertyandpusheduphouseprices.Whilepreviousgenerationsfounditeasytoraiseamortgage,today’sunder-thirtieshavetolivewiththeirparentsorrent.Iftheycanaffordtobuyahome,itismorelikelytobeaflatthanahouse.LauraLenox-Conyngham,28,grewupinalargehouseandhermotherdidnotneedtowork.Unlikeherwealthyparents,shegraduatedwithstudentandpostgraduateloandebtsof￡13,000.Shenowearnsabout￡20,000ayear,preparingfoodtobephotographedformagazines.Herhomeisaone-bedroomflatincentralLondonandshesubletstheloungesofa-bedtoherbrother.“Myfathertookpityandpaidoffmystudentdebts,“shesaid.“ButIstillhavenopensionandnochanceofbuyingapropertyforatleastacoupleofyearsandthenitwillbesomethingsmallinabadarea.Myonlyhopeisthetraditionaloneofmeetingarichman.“Tinker’sresearchrevealsLenox-Conynghamisrepresentativeofmanyyoungprofessionals,especiallyinLondon,Manchester,EdinburghandBristol.56．Bysaying“thegrowthoftheproportionofpeopleover50hadreversedthetraditionalflowofwealthfromoldertoyoungergenerations.“(Lines2~3,Para.3),AntheaTinkerreallymeansthat______.A．currentlywealthflowsfromoldgenerationtoyoungergenerationB．traditionallywealthflowsfromyoungergenerationtooldgenerationC．withtheincreasinglybigpopulationofover50,thetrendarisesthatwealthflowsfromyoungergenerationtooldgenerationD．withmoreandmorepeopleofover50,traditionshavebeenreversed正确答案：C解析：语义题。该题较简单，只需正确理解句子中“reverse”一阋，它的意思是“反转，逆转，彻底转变”。那么传统上社会财富是从老一代流向年轻人，而现在这种现象反转了，即社会财富从年轻人流向老年人。C项为正确答案。57．Whyaretoday’soldermiddle-agedandelderlybecomingthenewwinners?A．Becausetheymaderelativelysmallcontributionsintax,butyoungergenerationwillpossiblyhandovermorethanathirdoftheirlifetime’searningsforthecareofthemB．Becausetheycontributedalotintaxandnowcanclaimmuchonthewelfaresystem.C．Becausetheymadesmallcontributions,butnowcanmakemoneyeasily.D．Becausetheyoutnumberyoungergenerationandenjoymoreprivilegesinthepresentsociety.正确答案：A解析：细节推论题。该题的答案出现在文章第六段。原