2024-2025学年新教材高中英语单元素养检测Unit2Improvingyourself含解析外研版选择性必修第二册

PAGE单元素养检测(二)(Unit2)(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1W:Jack,areyougoingtoplaytenniswithBill?M:①IpromisedBillI’dgoskatingwithhim.1.WhatwillJackdo?A.Hewillplaytennis.B.Hewillgoskating.C.HewillaskBilltogoskating.答案:BText2W:②Howquicklycanyougetmetotheairport?M:It’sathirty-minutedriveonthehighway,butIknowashortcutthatwillgetusthereintwentyminutes.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisataxidriver.B.Heisanairportclerk.C.Heisacomputeroperator.答案:AText3W:Whichcolordoyouthinkweshouldpaintourhouse,③pinkoryellow?M:③Neitherofthosetwo,inmyopinion.Whynotchooselightblue?3.Whatcolordoesthemanlikebest?A.Pink.B.Yellow.C.Blue.答案:CText4M:Youmakemefeelreallyenvious,Ella.Youseemtohavebeeneverywhere.W:Yes,Ihavevisitedseveralcountries,suchasHolland,France,Spain,NewZealand,④andrecentlyI’vebeentoIceland.4.Wherehasthewomanbeenrecently?A.Holland. B.Iceland. C.NewZealand.答案:BText5W:Bobsayshewantstobuyadrumandlearnhowtoplay.M:Wespentmuchmoneyontheguitarandhehashardlylearnedit.⑤Idon’tthinkhe’llplaythedrum.Weshouldtalkhimoutofit.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.HeagreeswithBob.B.Healsolovesplayingtheguitar.C.Hedoesn’twantBobtobuyadrum.答案:C其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6M:Whathappened?W:Well,myhusbandleftforworkat7:20.⑦Afewminuteslater,somebodybrokeintothehouse.M:Wherewereyou?W:Iwasstillinbed.Iheardsomethinginthelivingroom,soIwentdownstairs.Andtherewasthisman,puttingmoneyintohisbriefcase.IguessIsurprisedhim.HeranoutofthefrontfloorandIranafterhim.M:It’sgoodhedidn’thaveagun.W:Yousaidit.Well,hefelloffthestepsandbrokehisleg.⑥That’swhenIcalledyou.M:⑥We’vebeenlookingforthisman.Inthepasttwoweeks,hehasbrokeninto20homesinthisarea.6.Whatisthemanspeaker?A.Aguard. B.Apoliceman. C.Amanager.答案:B7.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Herhousewasbrokeninto.B.Herlegwasbroken.C.Herbriefcasewasbroken.答案:A听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。Text7W:Haveyouchosenyourmajor?M:Yes.⑧YouknowIalwayslikechemistry.Howaboutyou?W:Mymomwantsmetostudymedicineincollege.ButIdon’tlikeit.M:Thenwhatdoyouwanttostudy?W:Chineseliterature.Ihavealwayswantedtobeafamouswriterinthefuture.M:⑨Thentellyourmomwhatyoureallylike.I’msureshe’llsupportyou.W:⑨Ihavetried,butitdoesn’twork.M:⑨Thentryagain.Youareasmartgirl.I’msureyou’llmakeit.8.Whatmajordoesthemanlike?A.Chemistry. B.Medicine.C.Chineseliterature.答案:A9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Followhermother’sadvice.B.Talkwithhermotheragain.C.Sticktoherownopinion.答案:B听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。Text8M:DoyouknowthefirstMcDonald’srestauranthadnoseatsforcustomerstositon?W:Inthatcase,peoplehadtostandeating,didn’tthey?M:No.Mostpeopleboughtthefoodandtookitaway,⑩andthat’sthewayMacandDickthoughtoftoavoidwashingthedishes.W:That’sagoodidea.ButwhoareMacandDick?MQUOTE:⑫TheyweretwobrotherswhoranthefirstMcDonald’s.LaterabusinessmancalledRayKrocaskedtobuytheirbusiness.W:Didthetwobrothersagree?M:Yes.TheysoldthebusinesstoRayfor27milliondollars.W:SotodaytherearesomanychainstoresofMcDonald’s,right?M:Exactly.ButwhichMcDonald’sdoyouthinksellsthemosthamburgersintheworldeveryday?W:IguessacertainoneinNewYork?M:No,no.QUOTE⑪It’stheHongKong’sMcDonald’s.W:Aha,it’shardtobelieve.10.WhydidthefirstMcDonald’srestauranthavenoseats?A.Toreducethecost.B.Toavoidwashingdishes.C.Tomakepeopleeatquickly.答案:B11.WhichMcDonald’ssellsthemosthamburgersintheworldeveryday?A.OneinNewYork.B.ThefirstMcDonald’s.C.TheHongKongMcDonald’s.答案:C12.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.RayboughtMcDonald’sfromMacandDick.B.MacandDicksoldthebusinesstoMcDonald.C.TherearemanychainstoresofMcDonald’sonlyinNewYork.答案:A听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。Text9W:WelcometoPacificM:Sure.QUOTE⑬I’maseniorinhighschoolandIlovebasketball.Infact,I’mhopingtogetabasketballscholarshiphere.WhenI’mnotplaying,Ivolunteeratmylocalfoodbank.W:Wonderful!Ihavetotellyouthatweareveryimpressedbyyourbasketballscores.Ifyougetinhere,I’msurewecanworkoutascholarship.M:That’sgreat!WQUOTE：⑭Now,yourgradesaren’tashighthisyearastheywerelastyear,especiallyinmathandEnglish.Whyisthat?M:Well,I’vebeenfocusingalotmoreonballthanonschool,butIknowIcandobetter.IpromiseyouthatifIcomehere,Iwilltakeschoolworkveryseriously.WQUOTE：⑮TheSATiscomingup.Haveyoubeenstudying?MQUOTE：⑮Yes.QUOTE⑯Igotoastudygrouptwiceaweek,andI’vebeendoingpracticetestsontheweekendswithmyfriends.W:That’sgood.Well,wereallywantyouhere;youjustneedtobringyourgradesup!13.Whatdoestheyoungmanliketodo?A.Volunteeratafoodstore.B.Travelwithhisfamily.C.Applyforabasketballscholarship.答案:C14.Whyisthewomanworriedabouttheyoungman?A.Hisgradesarepoor.B.Heneedsnewfriends.C.Hehasn’tbeendoingwellinsports.答案:A15.Whathastheyoungmanbeenstudyingfor?A.Ascholarship.B.Atesttogetintocollege.C.Afamoushighschool.答案:B16.Howoftendoestheyoungmanattendastudygroup?A.Twiceaweek. B.Everyevening.C.Onceaweek.答案:A听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。Text10M:Goodmorning,andwelcometotheprogram.QUOTEQUOTE⑰Haveyoueverheardofafour-year-oldcollegestudent?MeetNicholasMacMahon,whoisnowstudyingatcollegebecauseheistoocleverforregularschool.Nicholasspokewellbeforehewasone.⑱Ateighteenmonths,hetookdowntelephonemessagesforhisparents.Attwo,hebegantolearnFrench.ThestrangethingaboutNicholasisthathetaughthimselftoreadbeforehecouldspeak.Hisparentsknewimmediatelythathecouldread.Whenhecouldspeak,hecorrectedhisowngrammar.QUOTE⑲Hetriedtwodifferentschools,buthewasboredandunhappy,andhisparentsdecidedthathecouldn’tstaythereifhewasreallygoingtolearnanything.Hisparentsdidnothaveenoughtimetopreparespeciallessonsforhim.TheMacMahonshadnoideawhattodowithNicholas.QUOTE⑳ThentheWestLondonInstituteofferedtohelp.Nicholasspendssomeofhistimethere,andalsostudiesathome.Hereadsthenewspapereveryday,andhecanplaytheviolinwell.Theonlybadthingisthathedoesn’thaveanysociallifeatschool,butNicholasisacleverchild,andhisteacherswanttohelphimineveryway.17.HowoldisNicholas?A.Two.B.Four.C.Eighteen.答案:B18.WhatdidNicholasdoateighteenmonths?A.HebegantolearnFrench.B.Hereadthenewspaper.C.Hetookdowntelephonemessagesforhisparents.答案:C19.WhywasNicholasboredandunhappyatthetwoschools?A.Hehadtoomuchhomework.B.Healmostcouldn’tlearnanythingspecial.C.Histeachersoftencorrectedhisspelling.答案:B20.WhoofferedtohelpNicholasfinally?A.Hisclassmates. B.Hisparents.C.Acollege.答案:C其次部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAPowerisersTheabilitytojumptwometersintheairmaynotbesomethingyouhavethoughttoomuchabout.Andmostpeoplehaveneverconsideredrunningat30kilometersanhour.Butjuststopforamomentandthinkabouthowournewproductcouldchangeyourlife.Yourdailyjourneytoyourplaceofworkisprobablyamaddashforthebus.Thereisnopointintakingyourcarbecausetherearetrafficjams,andanywaythecarparksareprobablyveryexpensiveor,worsestill,full.HereiswherePoweriserscanhelp.Ittakesjustacoupleofminutestoputthemonandthenyouareaway,goingpastothersorevenjumpingovertheobjectwhichblocksyourway.Thatisthepracticaluseforourproduct,butthenthereissportandexercise.Powerisersaresettobethenextextremesportandthedeep-fittools.Youcanimaginethe100meters,thehighjumporbasketballperformedbyathleteswearingPowerisers.Andwhatbetterwaytobuildyourmusclesandkeepfit?Ourproductisverysimple.Itispoweredbyasuperlightspring,whichusesthegravitational(重力的)pullfromyourbodyweightandpushesyouwithsuperhumanstrength.TherehavebeennorecordsofseriousinjuryrelatedtotheuseofPowerisers,butextremecautionisrecommended.Westronglyadvisethewearingofprotectiveclothing,includingatleastahelmet(头盔).Powerisersmakeyoufeelasifyouwerewalkingonthemoon.Nowwemaketwodifferentmodels:BasicandProfessional.TheBasicmodelisdesignedfortheoccasionalusersandcostsaround$500.TheProfessionalmodel,whichisdesignedforthecompetitiveuse,hasastrongly-madestructureanddifferentsprings,thoughthatcomesattheincreasedpriceof$800.OurPowerisersareguaranteedfortwoyearsandwillbereplacedwithoutquestioniftheyfailduringthatperiod.Thatishowconfidentweare.【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款产品Powerisers的功能、用途、运用留意事项以及价格等。21.Accordingtothepassage,Poweriserscanhelpyou_______.

A.getonthebus B.jumpoverblocksC.relaxhardmuscles D.liftheavyweights【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终一句Ittakesjustacoupleofminutestoputthemonandthenyouareaway,goingpastothersorevenjumpingovertheobjectwhichblocksyourway.(你只须要几分钟就能穿上它们,然后你就会离开,越过其他人,甚至跳过阻挡你的东西。)可知Powerisers可以帮助你跳过障碍物。故选B。22.Ahelmetisrecommendedtousersto_______.

A.preventthemfrombeinginjuredB.providethemwithsuperhumanstrengthC.offerthemthefeelingofwalkingonthemoonD.bringthemgoodresultsincompetitivesituations【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段最终一句Westronglyadvisethewearingofprotectiveclothing,includingatleastahelmet.(我们剧烈建议穿戴防护服,其中至少要佩戴头盔。)可知建议运用者戴上平安帽,以免受伤。故选A。23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toadvertiseasportsproduct.B.Toshowadvantagesoftakingexercise.C.ToexplainbasicprinciplesofPowerisers.D.TointroducethedevelopmentofPowerisers.【解析】选A。推理推断题。文章主要介绍了Powerisers的功能、用途、运用留意事项以及价格等。由此可知,作者是为了给产品打广告。故选A。BWhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofall,hewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(实力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,”saidGeorgeVaillant,thepsychologist(心理学家)whomadethediscovery.“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working—atanyage—isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings(基础)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid,“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork.”【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了:探讨表明,那些小时候工作过的人比那些没有工作过的人生活得更欢乐、更富有成效。24.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.B.Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.D.Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。答案定位在第一段Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.(他对工作更满足,婚姻更美满,身体更健康。)由此可知,约翰喜爱他的事业和婚姻。25.Vaillant’swordsinParagraph2serveas_______.

A.adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialvaluesB.ananalysisofhowworkwasrelatedtocompetenceC.anexampleforparents’expectationsoftheirchildrenD.anexplanationwhysomeboysgrewintohappymen【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据其次段最终一句“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”句意:因为他们对自己感觉良好,其他人也对他们感觉良好。由此推断出,Vaillant在其次段的话说明了为什么一些男孩成长为欢乐的人。26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sharp”probablymeaninParagraph4?A.Quicktoreact. B.Havingathinedge.C.Clearanddefinite. D.Suddenandrapid.【解析】选C。词义揣测题。依据下文Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.(那些在童年时期参与活动最多的人,与各种各样的人保持密切关系的可能性是其他人的两倍,获得高薪的可能性是五倍,较不行能失业的可能性是16倍。)可推断出这些男性在孩童时期的行为和成年后的表现之间的联系惊人地明确。“sharp”的意思是“明确的”。27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.B.Emotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlife.C.Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkdoes.D.Independenceisthekeytoone’ssuccess.【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据最终一段推断出,情感健康对美妙的成年人生活至关重要。CMyteacherheldupapieceofbrokenglassandasked,“Whobrokethiswindow?”Thirtyboystriedtothinkaboutnotonlywhattheyhaddone,butalsowhatourteachermayhavefoundout.Sheseldombecameangry,butshewasthistime.“Oh,”Ithought.Iwastheonewhobrokethewindow.Itwascausedbyanaughtythrowofabaseball.IfIadmittedguilt,Iwouldbeinalotoftrouble.HowwouldIbeabletopayforabigwindowlikethat?Ididn’tevengetanallowance.“Myfatherisgoingtohaveafit.”Ithought.Ididn’twanttoraisemyhand,butsomeforcemuchstrongerthanIwaspulleditskyward.Itoldthetruth.“Ididit.”ItwashardenoughtosaywhatIhaddone.MyteachertookdownabookfromoneofourlibraryshelvesandIhadneverknownmyteachertostrikeastudent,butIfearedshewasgoingtostartwithme.“Iknowhowyoulikebirds,”shesaidasshestoodlookingdownatmyguilt-riddenface.“Hereisthatfieldguideaboutbirdsthatyouareconstantlycheckingout.Itisyoursnow.It’stimewegotanewonefortheschoolanyway.YouwillnotbepunishedaslongasyourememberthatIamnotrewardingyouforyourmisdeed,butIamrewardingyouforyourtruthfulness.”Icouldn’tbelieveit!Iwasn’tbeingpunishedandIwasgettingmyownbirdfieldguide—theveryonethatIhadbeensavingupmoneytobuy.Allthatremainsofthatdayismymemoryandthelessonmyteachertaughtme.Thatlessonstayswithmeeveryday,anditwillechoforever.【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者无意打破了窗户,本以为闯了祸会受到老师的惩处,结果因为真诚地承认过错,老师嘉奖了他最想要的观鸟指南的故事。老师教会了作者要恒久诚恳。28.Fromthestory,wecanlearnthattheauthor_______.

A.didn’tbreakthewindowonpurposeB.lackedthecouragetoadmithisguiltC.triedtothinkaboutwhathehaddoneD.didn’tknowwhattheteacherwouldfindout【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据第三段中“Oh,”Ithought.Iwastheonewhobrokethewindow.Itwascausedbyanaughtythrowofabaseball.IfIadmittedguilt,Iwouldbeinalotoftrouble.HowwouldIbeabletopayforabigwindowlikethat?(“哦,”我想。是我打破了窗户。这是由于调皮扔出了一个棒球造成的。假如我承认过错,我就会有很多麻烦。我怎么能买得起那样大的窗户呢?)以及第五段第一句“Iknowhowyoulikebirds,”shesaidasshestoodlookingdownatmyguilt-riddenface.(“我知道你有多喜爱小鸟,”她站在那里看着我那充溢内疚的脸说。)从作者内心的想法以及愧疚的表情,可推知作者并不是有意打破窗户的。29.Iftheauthoradmittedguilt,hethoughthewouldNOT_______.

A.bepunishedbytheteacherB.makehisfatherangryC.payforthebrokenwindowD.getabirdfieldguide【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据第三段中IfIadmittedguilt,Iwouldbeinalotoftrouble.HowwouldIbeabletopayforabigwindowlikethat?Ididn’tevengetanallowance.“Myfatherisgoingtohaveafit.”Ithought.(假如我承认了过错,我就会有很多麻烦。我怎么能买得起那样大的窗户呢?我甚至连零用钱都没有。“我父亲要大发脾气。”我想。)以及第四段MyteachertookdownabookfromoneofourlibraryshelvesandIhadneverknownmyteachertostrikeastudent,butIfearedshewasgoingtostartwithme.(我的老师从图书馆的书架上取下了一本书,我从来不知道老师会打学生,但我担忧她会先打我。)可知假如作者承认了过错,他想自己可能会赔偿打破的窗户、让父亲生气以及被老师惩处,但是他没有想过会得到一本观鸟指南。故D选项不是男孩的想法。30.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthechangesintheauthor’sfeelings?A.Afraid—Surprised—ThankfulB.Frightened—Amazed—ProudC.Regretful—Guilty—ExcitedD.Nervous—Afraid—Satisfied【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据第三、四段作者内心的想法,担忧自己承认了过错会被要求赔偿打破的窗户、惹父亲生气和被老师惩处可知,作者一起先内心很胆怯 ,很担忧;依据倒数其次段Icouldn’tbelieveit!Iwasn’tbeingpunishedandIwasgettingmyownbirdfieldguide—theveryonethatIhadbeensavingupmoneytobuy.(我简直不敢信任!我没有受到惩处,我有了自己的观鸟指南——就是我始终攒钱想买的那本。)可知作者得知老师将观鸟指南送给自己后,作者感到特别惊异,不敢信任;依据最终一段Allthatremainsofthatdayismymemoryandthelessonmyteachertaughtme.Thatlessonstayswithmeeveryday,anditwillechoforever.(那天留下的只有我的记忆和老师给我的教训。这个教训每天都伴随着我,而且将恒久回响。)可知作者最终特别感谢老师的这种教化方式,终身受益,作者的内心对老师是感谢的。故“胆怯 ——惊异——感恩”最能描述作者的感情改变。31.Whatisthelessontheboy’steachertaughthim?A.Everycoinhastwosides.B.Honestyisalwaysvalued.C.Badlucknevercomesalone.D.It’snevertoolatetobecareful.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据倒数第三段中YouwillnotbepunishedaslongasyourememberthatIamnotrewardingyouforyourmisdeed,butIamrewardingyouforyourtruthfulness.(只要你记住我嘉奖你不是因为你做了坏事,而是因为你诚恳,你就不会受到惩处。)可知作者的老师教给他要保持诚恳。DItbeganasagame:Highschoolandcollegestudentsstudyingcomputertechnologyfiguredouttheycouldusepersonalcomputerstobreakintotelephonecompany’scomputersandmakefree,long-distancetelephonecalls.Theseyoungcomputertalentssoongainedthename“hackers”.Policearrestedafewhackers,butmanywentontoevenmorecomplexhacking.Oneofthemwasarrestedformakingillegaltelephonecallsandlaterheusedaphonetochangeapoliceofficer’screditrecordstogetbackattheofficerforarrestinghim.Healsousedacomputertochangehiscollegerecordstogivehimselfbettergrades.Ashackersgainedexperiencetheybeganinvadingcomputersatbanks,airlinesandotherbusinesses.Inonecaseahackerinstructedanairline’scomputertogivehimfreeairplanetickets.TheU.S.governmentisworriedthathackersmaybreakintoitsnetworksofdefensecomputers.Thegovernment’ssecretsareeasilyattackedbecausethousandsofgovernmentcomputersareconnectedbytelephonelinesthathackerscangetinto.InNovember1988,acollegestudententeredaU.S.DefenseDepartmentcomputernetworkcalledArpanet.ThehackerinjectedacomputerprogramthatmadecopiesofitselfthroughoutArpanet.Somehackersusevirusestodestroyallthedatainacomputer.Butinthiscase,governmentofficialsshutdownthenetworkbeforetheprogramreachedeverycomputerinthesystem.Shuttingdownthesystemangeredmanyresearcherswhowereusingthecomputers.Thehackerturnedhimselfintothepoliceandhewaschargedwithacrime.TheincidentputthespotlightoncomputerhackingintheUnitedStates.Manycompanieshavehiredexpertstoprotecttheircomputersfromhackers,andmanycomputerexpertsnowadvisecompaniesonhowtoprotecttheircomputers.TheU.S.governmentbelievesforeigngovernmentshavehiredhackerstotrytobreakintotop-secretdefensecomputers.Expertsdisagreeoverwhetheracomputernetworkcaneverbesafefromhacking.Butinthefuture,someofthemostoutstandingmindsintheU.S.willbeworkingtofrustratetheattemptsofcomputerhackers.【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了黑客的起源,以及他们非法侵入各个领域的网络系统的犯罪行为。32.Whatdidthefirsthackersdo?A.Theybrokeintogovernmentcomputers.B.Theydestroyedairplaneticketsystems.C.Theyplayedcomputergames.D.Theymadefreephonecalls.【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据第一段“Itbeganasagame:...figuredouttheycouldusepersonalcomputerstobreakintotelephonecompany’scomputersandmakefree,long-distancetelephonecalls.Theseyoungcomputertalentssoongainedthename‘hackers’.”可知它(也就是黑客)起初是一个嬉戏:学习计算机的中学生和高校生发觉他们可以运用个人电脑闯入电话公司的电脑并拨打免费的长途电话。这些年轻的计算机人才很快就被称为“黑客”。这说明这些中学生和高校生是第一批黑客,他们拨打了免费的电话。33.WhycanU.S.governmentcomputersbeeasilyhackedinto?A.Theyhavenodefensesystems.B.Theyareconnectedbytelephonelines.C.Theyarepartlyaccessibletothepublic.D.Theylackcomplexprocessingprograms.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Thegovernment’ssecretsareeasilyattackedbecausethousandsofgovernmentcomputersareconnectedbytelephonelinesthathackerscangetinto.”可知政府的隐私很简洁被攻击,因为成千上万的政府计算机通过黑客可以进入的电话线被连接起来。34.WhathappenedtothegovernmentcomputersinNovember1988?A.Theylostalloftheimportantdata.B.Theywereshutdownbyresearchers.C.Theywereinvadedbyacollegestudent.D.Theygottotallyruinedbyacomputerprogram.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据第五段中的“InNovember1988,acollegestudententeredaU.S.DefenseDepartmentcomputernetworkcalledArpanet.ThehackerinjectedacomputerprogramthatmadecopiesofitselfthroughoutArpanet.”可知1988年11月,一名高校生进入美国国防部的计算机网络Arpanet并注入了一个计算机程序,这个程序可以通过Arpanet进行自我复制。也就是说,美国政府的电脑被一个高校生入侵了。35.Whatdocompaniesdecidetodotoprotecttheircomputersystems?A.Employcomputertalents.B.Buildsecretdefensesystems.C.Askthegovernmentforhelp.D.Collectandanalyzethedataofhackers.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据倒数第三段中的“Manycompanieshavehiredexpertstoprotecttheircomputersfromhackers,andmanycomputerexpertsnowadvisecompaniesonhowtoprotecttheircomputers.”很多公司聘请了专家来爱护他们的计算机免受黑客攻击并且很多计算机专家如今会建议公司如何爱护他们的计算机。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonewantstobeself-confident,butmaybewejustdon’tknowhowtobe.Herearesometipsonhowyoucanfeelmoreconfidentaboutyourself.36Everyonehasshortcomings.Whenyouhavefoundyourshortcomings,worktoovercomethem.Ifyouareashyperson,takepartinsocialactivities,suchasparties,andspeaktoatleastoneortwopeoplethere.

Second,trytospendmoretimewithpositivepeople.Successfulandconfidentpeoplehavetheirownwaysofsettlingproblems.37

Third,setgoalsforyourself.Witheachgoalyouachieve,yourself-confidencewillincrease.38Weareafraidthatwemightlose.Stopthinkinglikethatandgiveyourselfachance.

Fourth,starteachdaywithasenseofopportunity.39Thinkpositivelyaboutyourself.

Actuallyeveryonehashisorherownwayofbecomingconfident.40Friendsmighthaveusefulsuggestions,too.

Inshort,aslongasyoutrynewthings,youaresuretobecomemoreconfident.A.Youshouldtalkwithyourfriends.B.Payattentionandlearnfromthem.C.First,don’tthinkaboutyourweakpoints.D.It’snotalwaysrighttoaskfriendsforhelp.E.Sometimeswemightbeafraidoftryingnewthings.F.First,youshouldknowwhatyourweakpointsare.G.Startyourdaybyreadingsomethingencouraging.【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一些关于如何让自己更自信的建议。36.【解析】选F。依据下文:Everyonehasshortcomings.Whenyouhavefoundyourshortcomings,worktoovercomethem.每个人都有缺点,当你发觉你的缺点时,要去克服它们。可知首先你要知道你的弱点所在。由下文的Second,Third,Fourth等也可得出答案。故选F。37.【解析】选B。依据上句Successfulandconfidentpeoplehavetheirownwaysofsettlingproblems.(胜利和自信的人有自己解决困难的方法。)可知“关注并向他们学习”符合语境。故答案为B。38.【解析】选E。依据空格下句“Weareafraidthatwemightlose.Stopthinkinglikethatandgiveyourselfachance.”(我们胆怯 可能会失去。别那样想,给自己一个机会。)可知有时候我们会胆怯 尝试新事物。故答案为E。39.【解析】选G。依据上句“Fourth,starteachdaywithasenseofopportunity.”(第四,带着机会感起先每一天。)再依据空格下句“Thinkpositivelyaboutyourself.”(主动地看待自己。)可知Startyourdaybyreadingsomethingencouraging.(阅读令人受鼓舞的文章来起先你的一天。)符合题意。故答案为G。40.【解析】选A。依据下句“Friendsmighthaveusefulsuggestions,too.”(挚友们可能有一些有用的建议。)可知空格处意思是“你应当和你的挚友交谈”。故答案为A。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·北京高二检测)Ekaterinaisafamousskater.She41theactivityofskatingattheageof4.Sincethen,shehasbeendevotedtoonecareerthatdrivesherlifeand42beauty,andromanceintolivesofmillionsofothers.

Whenshewas11,shefounda43partner,SergeiGrinkov,15yearsoldthen,withwhomshecouldperformthatactivityinthemostexpressive,mostelegantway.Theywerethemostwinningpairskatersontheiceineveryway:ThetinyfragileEkaterina,inthe44ofhertall,strong,handsomepartner,lovinglylaunchedintothe45,tenderlycaught,andbeautifullyskatedaroundtheice.

Gradually,thetwoofthem46togetherintoadreamcoupleandthemostbeautifulkindoflovingrelationship.Whenshewas19,shemarriedhim.Theyhadadaughter,acharminggirltheybothlovedandprotected.Andthen,47iEkaterina’sworldseemedtoend.Itwashermumwholither48tostartremakingherlifebysaying“LittleDasha,havinglostafather,needsatleastahealthymother.”Thisremindedhertoaskafriendtosendher49whichhadbeenleftinthecornerforalongtime.Latershesaidinherbook“50istheonlythingthatcanhelppeoplerecover.”InFebruary1996,Ekaterinaskatedamovingtribute(悼念)toSergei,whichshe51tothemusicofMahler’sSymphonyNo.5,thecouple’sfavorite.Shewas52atthebeginning,becauseithadbeenalongtimesinceshehadskatedalone.Andshewasafraidofthe53thepiecewouldrecall.Butthatnight,shedidit.Shefilledupthe54withhercourage.

NoonewhosawEkaterina’sthatnightwouldforgetherperformance,justasshewouldneverforgetSergei.Buteveryonewasalreadylearning,asshealreadylearned,that55“goodbye”wasthebeginningofhernewlife.

【语篇概述】这是一篇人物传记类文章,主要讲解并描