职称英语卫生类a级模拟6

职称英语卫生类A级模拟6

第1部分：词汇选项

下面共有15个句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所

给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1>Howcanwereducetheriskofcancer?

A.cutmB.cutdownC.cutoffD.cutout

2、Thesteadilyrisingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatlyincreased

thecostofshippingcargobywater.

A.continuouslyB.quickly

C.excessivelyD.exceptionally

3、Duringthepasttenyearstherehavebeendramaticchangesintheinternational

situation.

A.permanentB.powerful

C.strikingD.practical

4、Themostcrucialproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarce

resources.

A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifyingD.urgent

5、Hisnewgirlfriendhadomittedtotellhimthatshewasmarried.

A.failedB.deletedC.refusedD.rejected

6、Thesubstancecanbeaddedtogasolinetoacceleratethespeedofautomobiles.

A.quickenB.shortenC.loosenD.enlarge

7、Weshouldnevercontentourselveswithalittleknowledgeonly.

A.convinceB.satisfyC.comfortD.benefit

8、Weshouldcontemplatedtheproblemfromallsides.

A.deliberatedB.thoughtC.describedD.designed

9、Hishealthhaddeterioratedwhilehewasinprison.

A.becamebetterB.becameworse

C.becamestrongerD.becameweaker

10>Ifyouwantmyadvice,youshouldreviseyourplanforthetriptoBeijing.

A.changeB.exchangeC.enlargeD.encourage

11>Smokingisinhibitedinpublicplaces.

A.instructedB.inquiredC.forbiddenD.strived

12、Heissaidtobesufferingfromterminalcancerandhasaskedforeuthanasia

（安乐死）.

A.acuteB.chronicC.finalD.fatal

13>Ifeltimpelledtotellthetruth.

A.promotedB.inducedC.compelledD,improved

14>It'sprudenttotakeathickcoatincoldweatherwhenyougoout.

A.controversialB.reasonableC.sensibleD.sensitive

15>Areyoupositivethatthere1sbeennomistake?

A.rationalB.reasonableC.certainD.bound

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判

断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A项；如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择B项;

如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C项。

AnObservationandanExplanation

Itisworthlookingatoneortwoaspectsofthewayamotherbehavestowards

herbaby.Theusualfondling,cuddlingandcleaningrequirelittlecommentz

butthepositioninwhichsheholdsthebabyagainstherbodywhenresting

isratherrevealing.Carefulstudieshaveshownthefactthat80percentof

mothersholdtheirinfantsintheirleftarms,holdingthemagainsttheleft

sideoftheirbodies.Ifaskedtoexplainthesignificanceofthispreference

mostpeoplereplythatitisobviouslytheresultofthepredominanceof

right-handednessinthepopulation.Byholdingthebabiesintheirleftarmsz

themotherskeeptheirdominantarmfreeformanipulations.Butadetailed

analysisshowsthatthisisnotthecase.True,thereisaslightdifference

betweenright-handedandleft-handedfemales；butnotenoughtoprovideadequate

explanation.Itemergesthat83percentofright-handedmothersholdthebaby

ontheleftside,butsodo78percentofleft-handedmothers.Inotherwordsz

only22percentoftheleft-handedmothershavetheirdominanthandsfree

foractions.Clearlytheremustbesomeother,lessobviousexplanation.

Theonlyothercluecomesfromthefactthattheheartisonthesideof

themother'sbody.Coulditbethatthesoundofherheartbeatisthevital

factor?AndinWhatway?Thinkingalongtheselinesitwasarguedthatperhaps

duringitsexistenceinsidethebodyofthemothertheunbornbabygetused

tothesoundoftheheartbeat.Ifthisisso,thenthere-discoveryofthis

familiarsoundafterbirthmighthaveaclaimingeffectontheinfant,especially

asithasjustbeenbornintoastrangeandfrighteninglynewworld,ifthis

issothenthemotherwould,somehow,soonarriveatthediscoverythather

babyismoreatpeaceifheldontheleftagainstherheartthanontheright.

16、Wecanlearnalotbyobservingthepositioninwhichamotherholdsher

babyagainstherbody.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17、Mostleft-handedwomenfeelcomfortablebyholdingtheirbabiesintheir

leftarmandkeeptherightarmfree.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Thenumberofright-handedmotherswhoholdthebabyontheleftside

exceedsthatofleft-handedonesby22%.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Thefactthatmostleft-handedmothersholdthebabyontheirleftside

rendersthefirstexplanationunsustainable.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Thefactthattheheartisontheleftsideofthemother1sbodyprovides

themostconvincingexplanationofall.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Ababyheldintherightarmofitsmothercanbeeasilyfrightened.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Thewriter1sexplanationofthephenomenonissupportedbythefactthat

babiestendtobemorepeacefulifheldintheirmothers*leftarmsthanin

therightarms.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1〜4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第

2〜5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；⑵第5〜8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的

选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的位置上。

CaringfortheOld

Theolddonothavetolookexclusivelytothepast.Relievedofsomeof

life*sresponsibilitiesandfortifiedbymanyyearsofexperienceandknowledge,

theymayhaveamuchbetterideaofhowtospendtheirtimeenjoyablythan

theydidintheiryouth.Andnotallenjoymentisrestrictedtothemental

orphilosophical.Healthyphysicalactivityremainsquitepossibleformost

ofuswellintoourlateryears.

Oldpeoplesometimesdisplaysurprisingfreedomandforthrightnessinthe

expressionoftheirthoughtsandfeelings,andanabilitytotransmitaffection.

Itisasthoughsomeoftheritualswhichconstrictusinearlierlifefall

away.

Butahigherpercentageofpeoplesufferfromemotionaldistressinold

agethanatanyothertimeinadultlife,andthegapbetweenneedandcare

isoftenfilledbydubiousmeasures,suchasheavy-handedprescriptionof

medicine.Formanyyearsitwasassumedthatoldpeoplewerenotappropriate

candidatesforpsychotherapy.Butafewclinicianshaverisentothechallenge

anddiscoveredthatindividualandgrouppsychotherapyisjustaseffective

withtheoldaswiththeyoung.

Itiseasytounderstandwhyanearthquakecausesterror.Yetinoldage

theremaybeterrorofaveryprivatenature,asenseofdisintegrationsometimes

stemmingfrominnerconflicts,sometimesfromapremonitionofdeathorthe

fearofbecomingdependent.

Dependencyisagrimchoice：insecurityanddeprivationmustbeweighed

againstlossofautonomyandintegrity.Butifthereisnothingshamefulabout

thedependencyofababyorayoungchild,thereshouldbenothingshameful

aboutthedependenciesnaturalwitholdageanddiminishingphysicalresources.

Thecomplexityandimpersonalityofthebureaucraticestablishments,which

havethemeanstoprovidehelp,areoftenthreateningtooldpeople.Theyounger

generationtoday,ontheotherhand,willhavehadmanydecadestointeract

with"thesystem11bythetimetheyreacholdage.

Manyofus,includinghealthcareproviders,assumethatweknowwhatold

peopleanddyingpeoplewantzbutourassumptionsareoftenareflections

ofourwonthoughtsandfeelingsbasedonpersonalinterpretationsofscanty

bitsofobservation.Suchassumptionsarereallyanexcusetoavoidclose

contactwiththeterminallyill.Assumingwe"know”whattheywantzweobserve

ourselvesfrombeingwiththem,andsharingtheirthoughtsabouttheendof

life.

Wesometimesassume,wrongly,thatoldpeoplearetooconfusedorsenile

tobeawareofthenearnessofdeath.Inconsequence,communicationbetween

adyingandothersissubjecttoextraordinaryomissionsanddistortions.

nProtectingHthedyingfromknowledgeoftheirconditionoftenservestoprotect

usfromtheuncomfortableprospectoftalkingaboutdyinganddeath.Evasions

likethisonlyleadtoincreasingisolationatatimewhenemotionalhonesty

andunderstandingaremostneeded.

23、paragraph1.

A.Knowingbetterhowtoenjoylife

B.Freedominexpression

C.Psychotherapyeffectivewithsomeoftheold

D.Periodofgreateremotionaldistress

E.Dependency：agrimchoice

F.Guiltiness：dependency

24、paragraph2.

25>paragraph3.

26、paragraph5.

27、Oldpeoplemaywellbeactivein

A.howtoshowlovetoothers

B.howtoshowangertoothers

C.yetweknowwearewrong

D.variouskindsofsports

E.butweareoftenwrong

F.thatoldpeopledependonothers

28、Oldpeoplesometimesknowbetter

29、Itisanaturalthing.

30>Weoftenthinkthatweknowthefeelingofadyingperson,•

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并

根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

第一篇

DiseasesofAgriculturalPlants

Plants,likeanimals,aresubjecttodiseasesofvariouskinds.Ithas

beenestimatedthatsome30,000differentdiseasesattackoureconomicplants；

fortyareknowntoattackcom,andaboutasmanyattackwheat.Theresults

ofuncheckedplantdiseasesareailtooobviousincountriesthathavemarginal

foodsupplies.Theproblemwillsoonbemorewidespreadasthepopulation

oftheworldincreasesatitsfrighteningrate.Evenincountriesthatare

nowamplyfedbythekagriculturalproductstherecouldsoonbefoodshortages.

Itiseasytoimaginetheconsequencesofsomedisastrousattackononeof

themajorcrops；theresultingfaminescouldkillmillionsofpeople,and

theresultinghardshiponothermillionscouldcausepoliticalupheavals

disastroustotheorderoftheworld.

Someplantshaverelativeimmunitytogreatmanydiseases,whileothers

haveasusceptibilitytothem.Thetoleranceofaparticularplantchanges

asthegrowingconditionschange.Ablightmaybebutalocalinfectioneasily

controlled；ontheotherhanditcanattackparticularplantsinawholeregion

ornation.Anexampleistheblightthatkilledvirtuallyeverychestnuttree

inNorthAmerica.AnotheristhefamouspotatoblightinIrelandinthelast

century.Asaresultofthatzitwasestimatedthatonemillionpeopledied

ofstarvationandrelatedailments.

Plantpathologistshavemaderemarkablestridesinidentifyingthe

pathogensofthevariousdiseases.Bacteriamayincludeinvadeaplantthrough

aninfestationofinsectparasitescarryingthepathogen.Aplantcanalso

beinoculatedbyman.Otherdiseasesmightbecausedbyfunguswhichattacks

theplantintheformofamoldorsmutorrust.Frequentlysuchaprimary

infectionwillweakentheplantsothatasecondaryinfectionmayresultfrom

itslackoftolerance.Thesymptomsshownmaycauseanerrorindiagnosis,

sothattreatmentmaybedirectedtowardbacteriawhichcouldbetheresult

ofasusceptibilitycausedbyprimaryvirusinfection.

31>Howmanydiseasesareknowntoattackwheat?

A.Around30,000.B.Around140.

C•Around29,960.D.Around40.

32、Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingwouldaplantdisease

resultinifleftunchecked?

A.Aworldwar.B.Borderconflicts.

C.Relationsofgrainandmeat.D.Socialupheavals.

33、Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

A.Someplantshaverelativeimmunitytoagreatmanydiseases,

whileothershaveasusceptibilitytothem.

B.Thetoleranceofaparticularplantchangesasthegrowing

conditionschange.

C.AblightkilledvirtuallyeverychestnuttreeinNorthAmerica.

D.Ablightmaybeanationalinfection.

34、Accordingtothepassage,someplantdiseasescanbepreventedby.

A.killingparasites

B.inoculation

C.killinginsects

D.improvinggrowingconditions

35、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Someplantdiseasesmaybecausedbybacteria.

B.Someplantdiseasesmaybecausedbypathogens.

C.Someplantdiseasesmaybecausedbyfungus.

D.Symptomsarealwayshelpfulinidentifyingdiseases.

弟一

MaleandFemalePilotsCauseAccidentsDifferently

Malepilotsflyinggeneralaviation(private)aircraftintheUnitedStates

aremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecision-making,while

femalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft.These

aretheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversity

BloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.

Thestudyidentifiesthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsin

termsofcircumstancesofthecrashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.

"Crashesofgeneralaviationaircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviation

deathsintheUnitedStates.Thecrashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicle

n

driverszexceedsthatofcrashesoffemalepilots,explainsSusanP.Baker,

MPH,professorofhealthpolicyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolof

PublicHealth."Becausepilotyouthandinexperienceareestablished

contributorstoaviationcrashes,wefocusedononlymaturepilots,todetermine

thegenderdifferencesinthemasonsforthecrash.H

Theresearchersextracteddataforthisstudyfromalargeresearchproject

onpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedataweregatheredfromgeneralaviation

crashesofairplanesandhelicoptersbetween1983and1997,involving144

femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40--63.Femalepilotswerematched

withmalepilotsina1：2ratio,byage,classesofmedicalandpilotcertificates,

stateorareaofcrash,andyearofcrash.Thenthecircumstancesofthecrashes

andthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorizedandcodedwithoutknowledge

ofpilotgender.

Theresearchersfoundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthe

mostcommoncircumstanceforbothsexes,leadingto59percentoffemalepilots,

crashesand36percentofmales1.Experiencingmechanicalfailure,running

outoffuel,andlandingtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthe

factorsmorelikelywithmales,whilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales.

Themajorityofthecrashes--95percentforfemalesand88percentfor

males--involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkinetics

wasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexes,butwasmorecommonamong

females(accountingfor81percentofthecrashes)thanmales(accountingfor

48percent).Maleszhowever,appearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoor

decision-making,risk-taking,andinattentivenesszexamplesofwhichinclude

misjudgingweatherandVisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect.

Femaleszthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraft,

weregenerallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts.

inattentionn.疏忽

flawedadj.有缺陷的

mishandlev.瞎弄，乱处理

MPH(MasterofPublicHealth)公共卫生硕士

stallv.(飞机)失速，(发动机)熄火

kineticsn.动力学

36>WhatistheresearchatJohnsHopkinsUniversityabout?

A.Causesofaircraftcrash.

B.Genderdifferenceinrelationtotypesofaircraftcrashes.

C.Causesofmishandlingaircraft.

D.GenderdiscriminationingeneralaviationintheUnitedStates.

37、WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothesecondparagraph?

A.Crashesofgeneralaviationaircraftareamajorsourceofaviation

accidentsintheUnitedStates.

B.Malepilots,1ikemalevehicledrivers,aremorelikelytohaveaccidents

thanfemalepilots.

C.Itiscommonlyknownthataircraftcrashesaremostlycausedbyyoung

andinexperiencedpilots.

D.Onlymaturepilotsarestudiedtodeterminethegenderdifferences

inthereasonsforaircraftcrash.

38、Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?

A.Theystudiedthefindingsofseveralpreviousresearchprojects.

B.Theyconducedaquestionnairewith411pilots.

C.TheycollecteddatafromthedatabaseattheJohnsHopkinsUniversity.

D.Theyanalyzedthecircumstancesofthecrashesinvolved.

39、Whatisthemostcommoncircumstanceofcrashwithfemalepilots?

A.Mechanicalfailureandrunningoutoffuel.

B.Lossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffandstalling.

C.Lossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffandrunningoutoffuel.

D.Stallingandlandingwiththegearup.

40、Inthecomparisonoffemaleandmalepilots,

A.femalepilotsarefoundtobemorecourageousandrisktaking

B.malepilotsarefoundtobemoreprofessionalandattentive

C.femalepilotsarefoundtomakemoreerrorsoutofcarelessness

D.malepilotsarefoundtomakemoreerrorsindecision-making

第三篇

NewAttemptstoEradicateAIDSVirus

Ahigh-profileattempttoeradicatetheAIDSvirusinafewpatientscontinues

toshowpromise.

Butresearcherswon11knowforayearormorewhetheritwillwork,scientist

DavidHotoldjournaliststhisWednesdayfortheFourthConferenceinViruses

andInfections.

111

"Thisisastudythatsinprogress,saysHozheadoftheAaronDiamond

AIDSResearchCenter,NewYork.

Thestudyinvolves20peoplewhostartedcombinationsofanti-HIVdrugs

veryearlyinthecourseofthedisease,within90daysoftheirinfections.

They1vebeentreatedforupto18months.Fourothershavedroppedoutbecause

ofsideeffectsorproblemscomplyingwiththeexactingdrugsystem.

ThedrugshaveknockedtheAIDSvirusdowntoundetectablelevelsinthe

bloodofallremainingpatients.And,inthelatestdevelopmentzscientists

havenowtestedlymphnodesandsemenfromafewpatientsandfoundnovirus

reproducingthere,Hosays."Bearinmindthatundetectabledoesnotequal

absentHosays.

Hohascalculatedthatthedrugsshouldbeabletowipeoutremaining

viruses--atleastfromknownreservoirsthroughoutthebody--intwotothree

years.Buttheonlywaytoproveeradicationwouldbetostopthedrugsand

seeiftheviruscomesback.OnWednesday,Hosaidhewouldn11askanypatient

toconsiderthatstepbefore2yearsoftreatment.

Andheemphasizedthatheisnoturgingwidespreadadoptionofsuchearly,

aggressivetreatmentoutsideoftrials.Nooneknowsthelong-termrisks.

Butotherscientistsarelookingatsimilarexperiments.Afederallyfunded

studywillput300patientsontriple-drugtreatmentsandthenseeifsome

respondingwellaftersixmonthscancontinuetosuppressthevirusonjust

oneortwodrugs,saysresearcherDouglasRichmanoftheUniversityofCalifornia,

SanDiego.Somepatientsinthatstudy1alsomaybeofferedthechanceto

stoptherapyafter18monthsormore,hesays.

41、Accordingtothepassage,theattempttoeradicatetheAIDSvirus

A.continuestobehopefulB.willbesuccessfulin

ayear

C.willbesuccessfulinfutureD.willstopbeinghopeful

42