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2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版2选择性必修第三册Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1.graphn.图;图表;曲线图2.emissionn.排放物;散发物;排放3.sealn.海豹4.methanen.甲烷;沼气5.dioxiden.二氧化物6.carbondioxide二氧化碳7.habitableadj.适合居住的8.fossiln.化石9.fossilfuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)10.worldwideadv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的;影响全世界的11.footprintn.足迹;(某物所占的)空间量;面积12.basinn.流域;盆地;盆13.penguinn.企鹅14.implementvt.使生效;贯彻;执行15.moderateadj.适度的;中等的;温和的vi.&vt.缓和;使适中16.tropicaladj.热带的;来自热带的17.nuclearadj.原子能的;核能的;原子核的18.junglen.(热带)丛林;密林19.smogn.烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)20.originatevi.&vt.起源;发源;创立21.volumen.量;体积;(成套书籍中的)一卷22.enterprisen.公司;企业;事业23.regulationn.章程;规章制度24.disposaln.去掉;清除;处理25.waterwayn.水道;航道26.agendan.议程表;议事日程Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1.meltvi.&vt.(使)融化;熔化;软化2.ecologyn.生态;生态学3.releasevt.&n.排放;释放;发布4.carbonn.碳5.fueln.燃料;刺激性言行vt.加强;刺激6.comprehensiveadj.全部的;所有的;详尽的7.trendn.趋势;趋向;动向8.broadcastvt.&vi.(broadcast,broadcast)播送;广播;传播n.广播节目;电视节目9.policyn.政策;方针;原则10.seizevt.抓住;夺取;控制11.reformvt.&vi.改革;(使)改正;改造n.改革;变革;改良12.undergovt.(underwent,undergone)经历;经受(变化、不快等)13.annualadj.每年的;一年的n.年刊;年鉴14.chaosn.混乱;杂乱;紊乱15.garbagen.垃圾;废物16.restorevt.恢复;使复原;修复17.dozenn.(一)打;十二个18.finevt.对……处以罚款19.campaignn.运动;战役vi.&vt.参加运动;领导运动Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1.starvevi.&vt.(使)挨饿;饿死→starvationn.饥饿;饿死2.sustainvt.维持;遭受;承受住→sustainableadj.可持续的;合理利用的3.frequentlyadv.频繁地;经常→frequentadj.频繁的→frequencyn.频繁;频率4.restrictvt.限制;限定;束缚→restrictionn.限制规定;限制法规;约束→restrictiveadj.限制性的;约束性的5.harmoniousadj.和谐的→harmonyn.和谐→harmoniouslyadv.和谐地6.submitvt.&vi.提交;呈递;屈服→submissionn.提交(物);呈递(书);屈服7.sensitiveadj.敏感的;善解人意的;灵敏的→sensibleadj.明智的;合理的→sensen.意义;感官vt.感觉到;察觉到8.conservationn.(对环境、文物等)保护;保持→conservativeadj.保守的;守旧的→conservev.保护;保存;节省;节约9.inspectionn.检查;查看;视察→inspectvt.检查;视察;检阅→inspectorn.检察员;督察员10.toleratevt.忍受;包容;容许→tolerantadj.宽容的;容忍的→tolerancen.容忍1.clash/klæʃ/n.撞击声;冲突vi.发出撞击声;冲突2.alert/ə'lɜːt/vt.使警惕;使戒备adj.警惕的;戒备的3.furious/'fjʊəriəs/adj.猛烈的;狂怒的4.scatter/'skætə(r)/vt.&vi.撒;散开5.penetrate/'penətreIt/vt.&vi.打入;进入;穿透6.tragedy/'trædʒədi/n.悲剧;不幸7.utterly/'ʌtəli/adv.彻底地;完全地8.plead/pliːd/vi.&vt.恳求;认(罪)9.clutch/klʌtʃ/vi.&vt.猛地抓住;紧握10.quiver/'kwIvə(r)/n.箭筒;轻微的颤抖vi.颤抖;哆嗦Ⅳ.背核心短语1.onbehalfof代表(代替)某人2.dozensof许多;很多3.haveanimpacton对……有影响4.leadto导致5.causedamageto对……造成损害6.takemeasures采取措施7.dealwith处理8.anumberof许多9.carryout履行;执行10.ineffect在实施中;实际上Ⅴ.悟经典句式1.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph).(Thereislittledoubtthat...毫无疑问……)毫无疑问,地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。2.Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.(过去分词短语作后置定语)专家声称,气候变化导致的海冰面降低意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕食海豹,因此它不得不走更远的距离去寻找食物。3.The“natural”greenhouseeffectreferstothefactthatheatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.(that引导的同位语从句)“天然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气层,使地表变暖。4.Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.(含蓄虚拟条件句)如果没有这个过程,地球就无法维系生命。5.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.(when引导的时间状语从句)当人类由于燃烧化石燃料产生了大量额外的温室气体时,更多的热能被困在大气层中,导致地表温度迅速上升。Withmoderategreenhousegases,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide1.____________(release)intotheatmosphere,Earthcansustainlife.Butcomprehensiveevidenceshowsthatmoreheatenergy2.____________necessaryexistsbecauseofburninganincreasingvolumeoffossilfuels.Hence,thewarmingtrendhasaffectedEarth’secologyand3.____________(harmony)development.Newsreportsare4.____________(frequent)broadcastaboutpolarbears,sealsandpenguinsthatarestarvedtodeathbecauseofthemeltingice.Tropicaljungles5.________________(destroy),makingthemlesshabitableforanimals.6.____________humanbeingscan’ttolerateisthatgarbageisthrowneverywhere,suchaswaterwaysandbasins.Facedwiththeseveresituations,worldwidegovernmentshavereformedpoliciestoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandrestorethesensitiveecology.Dozensofenterprises7.______________________(submit)andimplementedtheirconservationregulations,8.______________(say),“Wewillimmediatelycarryoutthedisposalofthewasteweproduce.”Individualscanalsoseizeeverychance9.________________(reduce)thecarbonfootprintinthedailylife.AlthoughEarthhasundergonesomeecologicalchaos,peoplefromallovertheworldconfidentlysaythatthosemeasurescancreate10.____________sustainableworld.提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇starvevi.&vt.(使)挨饿;饿死(starvationn.饥饿;饿死)starvetodeath饿死bestarvingforsth/todosth渴望某事/做某事同义短语:bethirsty/hungry/eager/desperateforsth/todosth(1)Whatshocksthescientistsisthatmanysealshavediedfrom____________(starve)becauseofglobalwarming.(2)孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘,站在路边要饭,否则就会饿死。Pennilessandhungry,thechildstoodneartheroadandbeggedforameal,otherwise________________________.(3)我渴望学好英语,因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界。(话题写作之语言学习)____________________________________,becausemasteringEnglishmeanswecanseetheworldthroughanewwindow.seizevt.抓住;夺取;控制seizesbbythearm抓住某人的胳膊表情感的名词+seizesb某人感到……(1)警察看到一个小偷,冲向前,抓住了他的胳膊。(读后续写之动作链描写)Thepolicemanspottedathief,chargedforwardand________________________.(2)我强烈建议你抓住这个宝贵的机会提高你的英语口语。Istronglyrecommendthat___________________________________.(3)我一看到父亲阴云密布的脸,就感到恐惧。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)ThemomentIsawmyfather’scloudyface,________________________.submitvt.&vi.提交;呈递;屈服[submissionn.提交(物);呈递(书);屈服]submitsthtosb将某物提交给某人submit(oneself)to屈从于……(1)Thename,address,andtelephonenumberofthecartoonistmustbeincludedinthe____________(submit).(2)Anessaynot____________(submit)inclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)(3)大卫擦掉眼泪,昂起头,坚定地说道:“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。”(2022·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)Davidwipedhistearsandheldhisheadhigh,remarkingdeterminedly,“________________________________________________.”(4)对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前提交申请书和相关资料。(应用文写作之通知)Thosewhoareinterestedinthesummercampmust______________________________________________________byMay15.toleratevt.忍受;包容;容许(tolerancen.宽恕;忍耐;容忍tolerantadj.忍耐的;宽容的)•tolerate(sb/sb’s)doingsth忍受(某人)做某事•betolerantof/towardssb/sth容忍/宽容某人/某事(1)Tobehonest,my__________isnotlimitless,soIwillnotbealways__________ofyourrudebehavior.(tolerate)(2)Ican’ttolerate____________(work)withmypartneranymore,whoisfrequentlytalkingtomewhenIamabsorbedinwork.(3)那些懂得如何包容他人的人自然会过得幸福。Those________________________________________________cannaturallyleadahappylife.提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1.releaseeq\x(A.vt.排放B.n.发布C.vt.释放,放走D.vt.发行,上映)(1)ThenewfilmwillbereleasedonJuly16inthedowntowncinema.________(2)Thekindgirldecidestoreleasethebirdfromthecage.________(3)ThenewsoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.________(4)Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,makingtheairdirty.________2.moderateeq\x(A.adj.中等的,适度的B.adj.温和的C.v.调节D.v.缓和)(1)Byeveningthewindhadmoderatedslightly.________(2)Thearticlewasmoderateintoneandpresentedbothsidesofthecase.________(3)Moderateeffortproducesthebestresult.(2022·浙江6月)________(4)We’reincreasinglyawareofthefactthatwecan’tcontrolEarthsystemswithengineeringalone,andrealizingthatweneedtomoderateouractionsifwehopetoliveinbalance.(2021·北京)________3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Makesureyou’vesignedthechequebeforesealingtheenvelope.____________(2)Theinsurancepolicycoversallbaggageandpersonaleffects.____________(3)Letyourexpertiseinonefieldfuelyourpassionsinallrelatedareas.(2021·天津3月)____________Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1.Whenevertheconsultantinpsychologywaswornout,hewasstarving____________acupofcoffeetorefreshhimself.2.Sopessimisticwasmyclassmatethathehadnoideahow________________(release)histremendouspressure.3.Finally,Imadeupmymind____________(seize)theopportunitytoenhancemyoverallcompetence.4.Basedonwhatheobserved,thespecialistdecidedon____________(submit)hismedicalreporttothepresidentofthehospital.5.Onbehalf____________ourschool,Iappealtoeachstudenttotakemorephysicalexercise.6.Thedentistwassensitive____________criticism,soshecouldn’tacceptcriticismfromothers.7.Thesurgeoncan’ttolerate__________________(disturb)byotherswhenheisabsorbedinreading.8.Toenhancepeople’sawarenessof________________(conserve)ofculturalrelics,alecturewillbegiveninthecityhallthisFridayafternoon.9.Onlyinthiswaycanweenjoya____________(harmony)relationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.10.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermust____________(annual)purchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)假定你是李华,你校学生会即将举办一次以“EarthGuardian”为主题的环境保护运动,请你代表学生会写一封倡议信,倡导大家积极参与该活动,内容包括:1.地球环境的现状;2.该运动的目的和要求;3.号召大家积极参加。完成句子1.毫无疑问,许多人类活动对我们的地球母亲造成了巨大的伤害。(Thereislittledoubtthat...)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.在这里,我代表学生会提出建议,我们学生应该为环境保护做出一些贡献。(onbehalfof;that引导的同位语从句;conservation)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.为了建设一个更加和谐和可持续的社会,我们发起了一项名为“地球卫士”的运动,旨在采取有效和切实可行的措施来保护环境。(harmonious;sustainable;campaign;which引导的定语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.对该活动感兴趣的人必须在10月1日之前提交你的申请和相关材料。(submit;定语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.我真诚地希望你能抓住这个宝贵的机会,立即加入我们。(seize)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________教材语料整合亮词[环境描写]melt;ecology;habitable;sustainable;footprint;basin;jungle;harmoniousadj.→harmonyn.;moderate;tropical;sensitive;waterway[动作描写]starve;release;broadcast;restrict;reform;undergo;submit;restorev.→restorationn.;fine;toleratev.→tolerantadj.→tolerancen.美句1.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.(环境描写)2.Awarmingoceanandatmospherealongwithmeltingiceandrisingsealevelsprovideevidenceofadramaticchangeintheglobalclimate.(环境描写)3.In2013,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthatwasfoundonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.(情感描写)4.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.(主旨升华)5.ThebeautifulLiRiveranditsamazingsurroundingsceneryisoneofthemostwell-knowntouristdestinationsinChina’sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.(环境描写)6.Localofficialswereconcernedthatthepollutionwasdamagingthenaturalenvironmentandfeltthaturgentstepsshouldbetakentorestoretheriver’soriginalbeauty.(情感描写)拓展语料积累动作细节描写:“脚动”单词tiptoev.踮着脚走;蹑手蹑脚地走;barefootadj.&adv.赤脚;dancev.雀跃;跳跃;springv.跳;跃;creepv.悄悄地缓慢行进;chasev.追赶;flee(away)v.逃跑词块inbarefeet光脚;get/risetoone’sfeet起立;struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来;jumptoone’sfeet猛地站起、跳起来;springtoone’sfeet一跃而起;leaptoone’sfeet跳起来;plantone’sfeettotheground双脚钉在地上;raiseoneselfontiptoe踮起脚尖;stampone’sfeet跺脚句型1.Disappointedandfrustrated,thepoormandraggedhisfeetbackhome.这个可怜的人既失望又沮丧,慢腾腾地回家了。2.Heleapt/jumped/sprangtohisfeet/jumpedupandrushedoutofthelivingroom.他一跃而起,冲出起居室。3.Sheplantedherfeetfirmlytothespotandrefusedtomove.她牢牢地站在原地,一动也不动。4.Hewassowornoutthatheliftedhisfeettoleaveasiftheywere100kilos.(比喻)他是如此疲惫以至于抬脚离开时好像双脚有千斤重。5.Thelittlemanleftthecottagewithasad,slowstep.小个子男人迈着忧伤的步子慢慢走出了小屋。6.Shetapped/stampedherfeetimpatiently.她不耐烦地跺着脚。7.Sheslippedoutofbedandtiptoedtothewindow.她溜下床,踮起脚尖走向窗户。8.Hehadtwistedhisankleandwaslimping.他扭伤了脚踝,一瘸一拐地走着。语料运用保护动物Onanearlyspringmorning①________________________________________(定语从句),mybrotherandIwerehavingawalkalongthecountrytrackwhenalittlecat②________________________(分词短语作后置定语)attractedoureyes.Outofcuriosity,③________________________.Wethoughtitwould④________________________________seeingus.Butthecatjuststruggledtoitsfeet,⑤______________________________________(分词短语作状语).Approachingcloser,wefoundinsurprisethatthelittlecat⑥__________________________andwasbadlyinneedofmedicalhelp.Notknowingwhattodo,⑦______________________________________andthendecidedthatweshouldtakeithome;⑧______________________________________.早春的一个早晨,雪还没有完全融化,我和哥哥正在乡间小路上散步,一只躺在干稻草上的小猫吸引了我们的目光。出于好奇,我们慢慢地踮着脚尖走向它。我们以为它看到我们会跳起来逃跑,但猫只是挣扎着站起来,发出一些虚弱而痛苦的呻吟。走近时,我们惊讶地发现,这只小猫的一条腿受了重伤,急需医疗救助。不知道该怎么办,我们牢牢地在原地站了一会儿,然后决定把它带回家,否则它会在寒冷的天气里死去。Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1.adversityn.困境;逆境2.expeditionn.探险;远征;探险队3.endurancen.忍耐力;耐久力4.cupboardn.橱柜;壁橱;衣柜5.stewardn.(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员;服务员6.crushvt.毁坏;压坏;压碎n.拥挤的人群7.stoven.炉具;厨房灶具8.banjon.班卓琴(乐器)9.voyagen.&vi.航海;航行10.navyn.海军;海军部队11.decentadj.相当不错的;正派的;得体的12.cosyadj.温馨的;舒适的13.crewn.(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员;专业团队;一群人14.rugbyn.橄榄球运动15.corporateadj.公司的;法人的;社团的16.navigatorn.领航员;(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者17.episoden.(人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段;插曲18.motiven.动机;原因;目的Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1.wagen.工资2.bitteradj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的3.vigour(NAmEvigor)n.精力;力量;活力4.sinkvi.(sank/sunk,sunk)沉没;下沉;下降vt.使下沉;使沉没5.abandonvt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃;遗弃6.blanketn.毯子7.miserableadj.痛苦的;令人难受的8.good/bad-temperedadj.脾气好的/坏的9.genuineadj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的10.thoroughadj.深入的;彻底的;细致的11.furnituren.家具12.barkvi.&n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫声;厉声质问13.batn.球拍;蝙蝠vi.&vt.用球板击球;挥打;拍打14.dampadj.潮湿的;湿气重的15.recreationn.娱乐;消遣;游戏16.nephewn.侄子;外甥17.roughadj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的18.motorn.发动机;马达adj.有引擎的;机动车的19.candidaten.候选人;应试者Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1.qualifiedadj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualifyv.(使)具有资格;(使)合格→qualificationn.资格;资历;资格证书2.enthusiasticadj.热情的;热心的→enthusiasticallyadv.热情地→enthusiasmn.热情;热忱3.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→boardv.上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等);寄宿n.木板;董事会;伙食4.assignvt.分派;布置;分配→assignmentn.任务;作业;分配5.envyn.&vt.羡慕;妒忌→enviousadj.忌妒的;羡慕的6.belongingsn.[pl.]财物;动产→belongvi.属于;应在(某处)7.selfishadj.自私的→selfishlyadv.自私地→selfishnessn.自私8.perseverancen.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神→perseverevi.坚持;孜孜以求9.resolvevi.&vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)n.决心;坚定的信念→resolutionn.决议;解决;坚定;决心10.crueladj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的→cruellyadv.残忍地;残酷地→crueltyn.残忍;残酷11.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地;遗憾地→fortunately(反)adv.幸运地→fortunen.运气;财产→fortunateadj.幸运的12.guidancen.指导;引导;导航→guiden.导游;指南vt.带领;引导;为……领路13.advertisingn.广告活动;广告业→advertisevt.&vi.公布;宣传;做广告→advertisementn.广告;宣传14.loyaladj.忠诚的;忠实的→loyaltyn.忠诚;忠实15.commitmentn.承诺;保证;奉献→commitvt.犯(错误、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)承担义务;(使)作出保证→committedadj.尽心尽力的;坚定的1.reel/riːl/vi.蹒跚;踉跄2.fasten/'fɑːsn/vt.&vi.系牢;扣紧;关住3.invulnerable/In'vʌlnərəbl/adj.无懈可击的;打不败的→vulnerable/'vʌlnərəbl/adj.易受伤的;脆弱的bevulnerabletosth易受……伤害的4.glimpse/ɡlImps/vt.瞥见;看一眼n.一瞥;短暂的感受5.confine/kən'faIn/vt.限制;监禁;使离不开confine...to把……局限于;把……限制于6.resemble/rI'zembl/vt.像;与……相似7.sparkle/'spɑːkl/vi.闪耀;闪闪发光8.fuss/fʌs/n.无谓的激动;大惊小怪;小题大做makeafuss(aboutsth)(因某事)大惊小怪9.forbid/fə'bId/vt.(forbade/fə'bæd;fə'beId/,forbidden/fə'bIdn/)禁止;不许forbidsbfrom(doingsth)禁止某人(做某事)10.halt/hɔːlt/vi.停止vt.阻止n.停止;暂停cometoahalt停止;停滞Ⅳ.背核心短语1.turnsbdown拒绝(某人)2.makefire生火3.giveoff放出(热、光、气味或气体)4.dreamof/about梦想5.attheageof在……岁时6.beenthusiasticabout对……充满热情7.become/bestuckin陷于8.throwaway扔掉9.managetodosth设法做成某事10.gofrombadtoworse每况愈下Ⅴ.悟经典句式1.BelowaresomeofBlackborow’sdiaryentries.(全部倒装)以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记摘录。2.Beforeweabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessentialsupplies—thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,andblankets.(before引导的时间状语从句)在我们弃船之前,沙克尔顿镇定地把我们召集在一起,告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品——小船、食物、炉子、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。3.HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!(as...as...)我怎么能变得像托马斯•奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢!4.Itwilleventuallyleadtosuccessaslongasyoupersevere.(aslongas“只要”)只要你坚持,最终就会成功。5.Ifitweren’tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.(if引导的虚拟条件句)要是没有海洋生物,我们都得挨饿。Borninawealthyfamily,mynephew,Jack,leadssuchathoroughlydecentandcosylife1.____________hehardlymeetswithcrueladversities.Hehasbeendreamingof2.____________adventuresincehewasyoung.At18,Jackresolved3.____________(join)anexpeditionadvertisedinthenewspaper,buttheleaderturnedhimdownbecausehethoughtJackwasnotqualified.Fullofvigour,Jackneverabandonedhisdreamforhewassoenthusiasticaboutagreatvoyage.4.____________(fortunate),at19,hejoinedthenavybutwasassignedtobeastewardwithlowwages.Onabittercoldday,thecrewwentaboardamassiveshipboundforAtlanticOcean.Jackwasgenuine,good-temperedandloyalandhewasn’tselfish,either.Heoftenplayedthebanjoforrecreation,5.____________peopleontheshipalllikedhim.Unfortunately,oneday,themotorbrokedownandtheshipgot6.____________(crush)onahugeiceberg.Whentheshipsank,theirheartsalsosank.Atthattime,thecalmcaptainmadea7.________________(commit)tosavethemandcommandedthemtothrowawaytheir8.____________(belong)suchasstoves,blankets,bats,cupboardsandotherpiecesoffurniture.Finally,theywerefortunateenoughtoescapetheship.9.____________wastheirendurance,resolutionandperseverancethathelpedthemsurvive.Onthedistantisland,Jackmanagedtomakefirewithanimalfat,whichgaveoffasmellysmellandthenhecookedseaanimals.Onemonthlater,theyweresavedbyapassingship.Insummary,ithasbeenamiserablebut10.________________(forgettable)episodeinJack’slife.提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇qualifiedadj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)(qualifyv.使有资格qualificationn.资格;学历)•bequalifiedfor/todosth有……的资格/有资格做某事•qualifysbforsth/todosth使某人有资格做某事•havethequalificationfor/todosth有……的资格/有资格做某事(1)Nowthatyouhavegainedyourteaching____________,Iamsureyouwillbe____________forthejobtheyadvertisedonthenewspaper.(qualify)(2)我参加过几个类似的活动,使我能胜任这个志愿者工作。(应用文写作之申请信)Ihavetakenpartinseveralsimilaractivities,__________________________________________.(3)我的英语很好,我确信我可以胜任这份工作。(应用文写作之申请信)HavingagoodcommandofEnglish,________________________________________________.enthusiasticadj.热情的;热心的(enthusiasticallyadv.热情地;热心地enthusiasmn.热情;热忱)•beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth对(做)某事有热情•lack/befullofenthusiasm缺乏/充满热情withenthusiasm(=enthusiastically)热情地(1)Theylistenedwithgreatinterestandthen______________(enthusiastic)joinedingrandconversationsaboutHarry’sadventures.(2)我不仅充满热情而且容易相处,这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(申请信之个人优势)____________________________________________,whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.(3)得知您对中国传统文化充满热情,我写信邀请您参加一场关于儒家思想的讲座。(应用文写作之邀请信)____________________________________________________________,IamwritingtoinviteyoutoalectureonConfucianism.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)[boardvt.&vi.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)n.木板;董事会;伙食broadadj.宽阔的;广阔的abroadadv.在/到国外;在/到海外]•goaboard上船(飞机、公共汽车等)•onboard在船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)上•goabroad出国(1)他身材高大,肩膀宽阔,留着胡子,总是满面笑容。(读后续写之外貌描写)Heistall________________________andabeardandalways________________________.(2)得知你将去国外深造,我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。(应用文写作之告知信)________________________________________________,I’mwritingtoinformyouofsomenecessarydosanddon’ts.(3)他们在上火车前已经互相道别,但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手,直到火车消失。Theyhadsaidgoodbyetoeachotherbefore____________________________________,butthemotherkeptwavinghandsto________________________untilthetrainwentoutofsight.envyn.&vt.羡慕;妒忌(enviousadj.忌妒的;羡慕的)•withenvy羡慕地;忌妒地greenwithenvy忌妒得眼红;十分羡慕/忌妒•envysb(doing)sth羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事•beenviousof羡慕;妒忌(1)Hesaid____________envy,“Iam____________(envy)ofyou,becauseyouareleadingsuchacosyanddecentlife.”(2)老实说,我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号,我应该向你学习。Honestlyspeaking,I____________________________________________________theExcellentGraduateandIshouldfollowyourexample.(3)我的侄子是一个充满活力和毅力的年轻人,对此我非常羡慕。Mynephewisayoungmanfullofvigourandperseverance,__________________________.abandonvt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃;遗弃n.放任;放纵(abandonedadj.被遗弃的;放纵的)•abandononeselfto(doing)sth沉湎于(做)某事;纵情于(做)某事abandondoingsth放弃做某事•withabandon放纵地;放任地•beabandonedto(doing)sth沉湎于(做)某事(1)Unfortunately,thecrewabandoned____________(carry)outtheexperimentforlackoffund.(2)你沉湎于过去的辉煌是不明智的,你应该记住,不进则退。____________________________________________,andyoushouldkeepinmindthatnottoadvanceistogoback.(3)我们放纵地唱歌、跳舞、大笑,忘却了生活中的烦恼。(读后续写之情感描写)____________________________________,forgettingthetroublesinourlives.resolvevi.&vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)n.决心;坚定的信念(resolutionn.决议;解决;坚定)•resolvetodosth决定做某事•makearesolution(todosth)下定决心(做某事)(1)Generally,theolderyouare,themorelikelyyouwillcometoa____________(resolve)afteranargument.(2)文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧,因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它们。(话题写作之文化遗产与保护)Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors,so_________________________.(3)为了解决冲突,我们应该学会多沟通,设身处地为他人着想。(话题写作之人际沟通)____________________________,weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.(4)老人决定,死后要把所有的财产都赠送给那些被遗弃的孩子们。Theoldman____________________________________hewouldgiveawayallhisbelongingstotheabandonedchildrenafterhisdeath.as...as...HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢!as...as...意为“和……一样……”,表示同级比较。其中第一个as为副词,第二个as为连词或介词。其基本用法为:as+adj./adv.+as...,还有如下用法:•否定式:notas/so+adj./adv.+as...•倍数+as+adj./adv.+as...•asmuch/many+名词+as...(1)他和我一样勤奋,因此,他已取得了和我一样大的进步。Heis________________________,sohe____________________________________.(2)在我看来,这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。AsfarasIamconcerned,thebookis____________________________________.(3)我们投入的时间和精力是其他同学的两倍,所以我深信老师们会高度评价我们的项目。(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)Wedevoted________________________________________________,soIwasgreatlyconvincedthatourprojectwouldbehighlythoughtofbyourteachers.提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1.roughA.汹涌的;风浪很大的B.崎岖的C.粗略的D.艰难的E.粗鲁的(1)Ican’ttoleratesailinginroughsea.________(2)ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.(2023·全国甲)________(3)Idon’tknowhowtoreleasethepressureinsucharoughtime.________(4)Theiceontheroughroadhasmeltedanditissafetodriveonitnow.________(5)Heissucharoughchildthathedoesn’tbehavehimself.________2.bitterA.痛苦的B.激烈的C.寒冷的;刺骨的D.味苦的E.愤愤不平的(1)Sheisverybitteraboutlosingherjob.________(2)I’velearntfrombitterexperiencenottotrustwhathesays.________(3)Outside,abittereastwindisaccompaniedbyflurriesofsnow.________(4)TraditionalChinesemedicineusuallytastesbitterandishardtoswallow._________(5)Withnoonetoresolvetheirdispute,thetwosidesarelockedintoabitterconflict.________3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Tomysadness,mysonwasabandonedtoplayingonlinegames.____________(2)Shewassincereandgenuineinherwishtomakeupforherformermistakes.____________(3)Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.____________(4)Boilingwithextremeanger,hebarkedaseriesofquestionsathiscrew.____________Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1.Myheart____________(sink)whenIwasinformedthatmymoderatereformsendedupinfailure.2.WhenIsubmittedtheregulationsIdesignedtomyboss,heturnedme____________immediately.3.Dozensofworkersare____________(qualify)fortheirjobsintheinternationalfirm.4.Ourmonitorisenthusiastic____________creatingaharmoniouscampusandheoftenlaunchessomecampaignstopromoteit.5.Thesepolicies________________________(abandon)becauseoffinancialproblemsnextyear.6.Wehaveresolved____________(reduce)ourcarbonfootprintbyrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.7.________________(fortunate),Isucceededinseizingthispreciouschancetobeavolunteerintheactivity.8.IpromisethatIwillbeloyal____________theenterpriseandIwillneverquitmyjob.9.Ridingbicyclesbenefitstheenvironmentalconservationbecausetheywon’tgive____________wastegases.10.Theenterpriseshave____________(thorough)implementedwhattheyhavepromisedtothepublic.假如你是李华,向某英文报纸《伟人介绍》栏目投稿。简要介绍英国极地探险家——欧内斯特·沙克尔顿ErnestShackleton1874-1922。其主要成就如下:英国极地探险家,曾带领英国探险队三次前往南极洲,是南极探险英雄时代的主要人物之一。在他第三次带领探险队奔赴南极探险时,他与“坚忍号”的船员们在极地700多天的求生经历,创造了20世纪一次伟大的生还奇迹。完成句子1.欧内斯特·沙克尔顿是一位伟大的极地探险家,他对极地探险充满热情,一生带领英国探险队三次前往南极洲。(beenthusiasticabout;定语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.以下是他的一些探险经历和成就。(全部倒装句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.他的第三次南极探险是一个非凡的奇迹。(as...as...)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.面对严峻的极地条件,他没有放弃他的团队,坚定地带领他们走出困境。(abandon;resolve)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.如果没有他的英明领导,他和他的团队就不会在极地待了700多天后还能活下来。(if引导虚拟条件句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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