新概念英语第三册第5课

NEWCONCEPTENGLISHBOOK3ThefactsLesson5SummarywritingforL4

Whenhegotmarried,AlfBloggstoldhiswifeheworkedfortheCorporation.Thoughhedressedinasmartblacksuiteverymorning,hechangedintooverallsatworkandspentthedayworkingasadustman.Thenhetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuitatnight.Thislastedfortwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthissecret.Hiswifewillneverlearnthetruthbecauseherhusbandwillbeanofficeworkerinfuture.NewwordsforL5：editor.n.编辑

editionn.版本

editor-in-chief=Chiefeditor主编edit.v.编辑 editorialn.社论aneditorialoneducation一篇关于教育的社论

eg.toeditaShakespeareplayforuseinschools编辑一本莎士比亚剧本以供学校使用补充：compilev.汇编（不作改动的编辑）

compilern.汇编者Aguidebookcompiledfromvarietyofsources利用各种资料汇编的导游手册

composev.创作，作曲

composern.（尤指）作曲家

eg.Shebegantocomposesongsatanearlyage.extreme.n.极端

adj.极端的

gotoextremestodosth.走极端做某事eg.1.Sometimesheeatstoomuchandsometimesheeatsnothing.Hegoesfromoneextremetotheother. 2.Hewenttoextremestostealbecauseofpoverty.Intheextreme极其 extremelyadv.极端地，极其地，非常eg.Hehasbeengenerousintheextreme.他极其慷慨大方。

eg.Personally,I’mextremelywellsatisfied.补充：gosofarastodosth.甚至于…;竟然做…Eg.1.Iwon’tgosofarastosaythatheisdishonest.

我不至于说他不诚实。2.ImaygoasfartosaythatIhavenotlivedwhollyinvain.Ifmyrecordwereclosedtonight,Icouldstillsurveyitwithequanimity（平静，镇定）。

(福尔摩斯语录）我甚至可以说，我完全没有虚度此生。如果我的生命旅程到今夜为止，我也可以问心无愧地视死如归。

withoutsomuchasdoing甚至于不…，连…都没…Eg.Heleftthejobwithoutsomuchassayinggoodbye.

statisticsn.统计数字；统计学statistician.n.统计员补充：accountant会计师，会计员；auditor审计员；assessor审核员； inspector稽查员journalistn.新闻记者（指采访、撰稿、编辑等记者）reportern.（oncamera)(上镜作报导的）记者press(报刊）/TV/radioreporterscorrespondent(驻远地的）记者；通讯记者；驻外记者presidentn.总统；主席；校长补充：Chairman主席；premier总理；primeminister首相；foreignminister外交部长； secretary书记部长congressman国会议员； commissioner委员

Palace.n.王宫，宏伟的住宅

President’spalace总统府

P.R.C.:theForbiddenCity紫禁城；SummerPalace颐和园；PalaceMuseum故宫博物院Britain:BuckinghamPalace(BritishroyalfamilyinLondon)白金汉宫DowningSt.(theofficialhouseoftheBritishPrimeMinisteratNo.10andtheChieffinancialministeratNo.11)

唐宁街Whitehall(Britishgovernment)白厅America:WhiteHouse(theofficialhomeofAmericanpresident)白宫 Pentagon五角大楼Russia:WinterPalace冬宫（过去俄国沙皇的寢宫）theKremlin(thegovernmentofRussia)

克林姆林宫RedSquare红场(InthecenterofMoscow,knownespeciallyforthemilitaryprocessions（阅兵）

tookplacethereonMayDay)publishv.出版，发行eg.Whenareyougoingtopublishthisworkofyours?

publishinghouse出版社

pressn.出版；印刷；gotopress(beprinted)付印

出版社OxfordUniversityPress牛津出版社

gotothepress参加记者招待会

press报刊、杂志；

thelocal/national/foreignpress

本地、全国、外国报刊

thepressfreedom=thefreedomofthePress(记者、新闻界）

issuev.发行 comeout出版faxv.n.传真

sendafaxtosb./faxsb.impatientadj.不耐烦的beimpatientatsth./withsb.对……不耐烦eg.Hewasgettingimpatientashavingtowaitsolong.beimpatientofsth.无法容忍某事eg.Heisimpatientofanythingstupid.beimpatientforsth./todosth.渴望、急切做……Eg.1.WeareimpatientfortheSpringFestivaltocome. 2.Sheisimpatientfortheresultoftheexamination.表示“渴望”的短语：beanxiousfor; beeagerfor;desirefor; diefor; hungerfor; longforEg.hungerforknowledge; desireforpower longforpeacefirev.解雇

hirev.雇佣Eg.Hewasfiredforstealingmoneyfromthesafe.Igotfired.表示解雇的其他表示方法：dismisssb.fromsth.Eg.Hewasdismissedfordrunkennessfromthearmy.removesb.fromsth.Eg.Thecorruptofficialwasremovedfromoffice.givethesack(givesb.asack)getthesacklaysb.offEg.Theywerelaidoffbecauseofthelackofneworders.relievesb.offone’spost/duties其他：eg.1.Theykickedmeout. 2.Mybossshowedmethedooryesterday.originallyadv.起初，原先，从前

original.adj.起初的，原来的，首创的，原作的

n.原件，原稿Eg.1.Ithinkyoushouldgobacktoyouroriginalplan.2.Theroomstillhasmanyofitsoriginalfeatures.3.Theoriginalmanufacture（加工，产品）hasbeenlost.

原稿丢了。4.Onlyoriginaldocumentswillbeacceptedasproofofstatus.只有文件的正本才能用作身份证明。5.Sendoutthephotocopiesandkeeptheoriginal.Q:What

was

the

consequence

of

the

editor's

insistence

on

facts

and

statistics?

Consequencen.后果，结果，重要性Eg.Doyouknowwhattheconsequenceofyouractionwillbe?Morethan200peoplelosttheirjobasadirectconsequenceofthemerge(合并）. face/take/suffertheconsequenceofInconsequenceof由于…的缘故Eg.Inconsequenceofyourbadwork,I’mforcedtodismissyou.beofnoconsequence不重要Don’tworry!It’sofnoconsequence.insistv.坚持

insistondoingsth. atone’sinsistence在某人的坚持下Factsandstatistics

同义重复修饰eg.Hereturnedhomesafeandsound(平安无恙）.Thecontractisnullandvoid.合同无效。Servethepeopleheartandsoul.

全心全意为人民服务。warandpeace战争与和平 talkandlaugh有说有笑

menandmen各式各样的人体会and的含义：

Itwasnoteasytocarrysuchaheavyload,andduringthedogdays.“扛这么重的东西很不容易，何况是在这么热的天呢.”Last

year

a

journalist

had

been

instructed

by

a

well-known

magazine

to

write

an

article

on

the

president's

palace

in

a

new

African

republic.Africann.非洲人adj.非洲的republicn.共和国,共和政体instruct

vt.教,教导,命令,指示,通知instruct

sb.to

do

sth.=tell

sb.

formally

to

do

sth.正式告诉某人做某事--The

teacher

instructed

him

to

take

the

examination.on=about侧重强调课题专一--a

book

on

radioWhen

the

article

arrived,

the

editor

read

the

first

sentence

and

then

refused

to

publish

it.When

the

article

arrived=When

the

editor

received

the

articlerefusevt.拒绝（态度严厉）--Iinvitedhimtodinner,butherefusedme.declinevt.谢绝,婉拒repudiatevt.断然拒绝,(正式地）否认；拒绝接受；拒绝与…往来；拒不履行（法律义务）The

article

began:

'Hundreds

of

steps

lead

to

the

high

wall

which

surrounds

the

president's

palace.1.Thearticlesays/begins/reads/beasfollows…eg.ThearticlesaysChina’sreformandopening-uppolicyisbenefitingtothecountryandothers.这篇文章称，中国的改革开放政策对本国和他国都是有利的。

TheChineseversionofthearticleisasfollows.2.表示数字的一些表达方法：

Tensof几十; dozensof几十; tensofthousandsof数万的；

tensofmillionsof数千万的;billionsof数十亿的; hundredsofmillionsof数亿的

hundredsandhundredsoftimes成百上千倍

thousandsuponthousandspeople成千上万的人3.leadtosth.“通向，通往，延续到”eg.Labourleadstohappiness.劳动使人幸福。

Thisistheroadleadingtotheuniversity.补充：guide…to…引导，指引，引路eg.Heguidedmetothereception-room.Myfatherguidedhisbusinesstosuccess.

direct…to…引路，指引eg.Canyoudirectmetothenearestphonebooth?4.surroundv.围绕，环绕

goaround/revolvearoundeg.Themoonrevolvearoundtheearth. rotatev.（天体的）自转eg.Theman-madesatellitemade30revolutionaroundtheearth.The

journalist

immediately

set

out

to

obtain

these

important

facts,

but

he

took

a

long

timeto

send

them.set

out

to

do

=

decide

and

try

to

do决定,打算,开始着手做...set

about

(doing)sth.决定,打算,着手做...goabout(doing)sth.Eg. He

set

out

to

make

his

first

1,000,000

in

5

years. Wesetaboutourtaskwithgreatenthusiasm. Peterhasn’tthefaintestidea(一点也不知道）ofhowtogo aboutfindingabetterjob.Ittakes

sb.a

long

time

to

do

sths

某事花了某人很久的时间

meantodo打算，想要做…(usedesp.whenyouforgettodosth.ordon’thavethechancetodo.)eg.Imeantotellyou,butIforgot.plantodoHesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired.

yetanother:还有一个；再

eg.I’vemadeyetanothermistake.

informv.

informsb.that从句“告诉、通知”

informsb.Of/aboutsth. informoneselfof/aboutsth.“了解、熟悉”

informonsb.“告发，栓举某人”When

the

journalist

again

failed

to

reply,

the

editor

reluctantly

published

the

article

as

it

had

originally

been

written.failtodo

eg. Hefailedtokeeptheword. ThegovernmentofGreecefailedtorevivethe economy.never/notfailtodo总能做到…bereluctanttodo=beunwillingtodo

勉勉强强地,不情愿地as

it

bad

originally

been

written=in

its

original

wayNot

only

had

the

poor

man

been

arrested,

but

he

had

been

sent

to

prison

as

well.Not

only位于句首时,句子须采用倒装形式。本句正常语序：The

poor

man

had

not

only

been

arrested,but

hehad

been

sent

to

prison

as

well.部分倒装：1、句首为否定或半否定词：no,not,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,scarcely,little;notforasecond决不,毫不/notintheleast绝不,一点也不,notforaninstant根本就不；atnotime,innoway，bynomeans，onnoaccount,undernocircumstances（绝不）；

notuntil,nowhere,等等。Eg.1).Neverwillweforgetthepast. 2).Littledoeshecareaboutyou. 3).Nowhereintheworldcanyoufindamanwholovesyousomuch. 4).InnowaydoIblameyouforwhathappened. 5).AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons. 6）Not

in

the

least

is

he

interested

in

English

literature. 7）Not

for

an

instant

did

I

believe

he

had

lied.

2、“only+状语(从句)”位于句首时；Eg.1).Onlythendidsherealizeshewaswrong.2).Onlybyworkinghardcanyouachieveyourgoal.3).Onlywhenhehadfailedthreetimesdidheturntomeforadvice.4).Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnitwell.3、so+adj./adv.;tosuchadegree,tosuchanextent,tosuchapoint等放于句首，表示程度时；Eg.1).Sodiligentlydoesheworkthatheoftenforgetstoeatandsleep.2).Tosuchanextentdidhishealthdeteriorate(v.恶化）thathewasforcedtoretire.3).Somuchdoesheworryabouthisfinancialpositionthathecan’tsleepatnight.4.在含有were,hadshould的虚拟语气中，if省略，were,had,should放于句首，部分倒装。Eg.1).WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.2).HadIknownwhatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldneverhavedonesuchathing.3).Shouldyouchangeyourmind,noonewouldblameyou.4).Werehetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyMonday.

5.As或though引导让步状语从句有时也倒装，即把表语或谓语提前放于句首。Eg.1).Patientas/thoughhewas,hewasunwillingtodoso.2).Childas/thoughhewas,hehadagoodcommandofEnglish. (注：若表语为名词，前面不加冠词）3).MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuyit.6.so,neither,nor放于句首，表示前面所说情况也适于后者时；Eg.1).Ican’tspeakEnglish,neither/norcanhe.2).Theboydied,andamonthlater,sodidhissister.

7.Manya+名词或nota+名词放于句首时；Eg.1).Notaworddidhesayatthemeeting.2)Manyatimehasthemanageremphasizedthispoint.8.Often,invain,always,manyatime等表频率的状语放于句首时；Eg.1).Oftendidtheythinkofgoingthere,buttheyneverhadachance.2)Invaindidwetrytopersuadehertogiveupherplan.9.表示地点的状语放于句首时，须完全倒装。Eg.1).Betweenthetwobuildingsstandsatalltree.2)Onthegroundlayasickgoat.倒装：（部分倒装）1>否定副词位于句首,要倒装。never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,no

soonerscarcelyadv.几乎不,简直没有nowhereadv.无处,到处都无--Never

have

I

read

such

stories.我从来也没读过这样的小说。--Nowhere

can

he

find

the

book

he

wants.无论在哪他也找不到他要的书。--Hardly

did

I

think

it

possible.我并不认为这是可能的。2>含有only的状语位于句首,句子要倒装。--Only

then

did

he

realize

that

he

had

made

a

mistake.--Only

when

a

great

deal

more

information

has

been

obtained

will

it

be

possible

to

plan

a

trip.3>含有not的副词短语位于句首,句子要倒装。notforasecond决不,毫不/notintheleast绝不,一点也不not

for

an

instant,not

until--Not

in

the

least

is

he

interested

in

English

literature.他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。--Not

for

an

instant

did

I

believe

he

had

lied.我根本不认为他说了慌。4>含有no的短语位于句首,句子要倒装。at

on

time,in

no

way

,in

no

sense,by

no

means,in

no

case,on

no

account,on

no

condition,under

no

circumstances（都表示‘