上教版必修一讲义U2教师版

Unit2Places【词汇和短语】词汇部分：1.destinationn.目的地2.millionnum.一百万3.amazingadj.令人大为惊奇的4.historicadj.历史上重要的5.siten.地点6.formeradj.以前的7.poetryn.诗歌；诗作8.basisn.基础；要素9.courtn.宫殿10.originallyadv.原先；起初11.defencen.防御12.nowadaysadv.当前；目前13.viewn.景色，风景14.memoryn.回忆；记忆15.contributev.捐献16.scientificadj.科学（上）的17.admirev.钦佩18.statuen.雕塑，雕像19.fancyadj.昂贵的；奢华的20.featuren.特色；特征；特点21.positionn.地位22.opportunityn.机会；时机23.transportn.交通运输系统24.disappointv.使失望25.structuren.结构；构造26.sculpturen.雕像；雕塑品27.weaponn.武器；兵器28.crowdedadj.人多的；拥挤的29.indicatev.表明；显示30.afterwardsadv.以后；后来31.downtownadv.在市中心，往市中心32.momentn.某一时刻33.envelopen.信封34.cafen.咖啡馆，小餐馆35.votev.投票36.chatv.闲聊；聊天37.nowhereadv.无处；哪里都不38.embarrassedadj.窘迫的，尴尬的39.shockedadj.震惊的40.opinionn.意见；想法；看法41.blogn.博客42.settlev.定居43.adventuren.冒险；冒险的经历44.energeticadj.精力充沛的45.originn.起源；源头46.desertn.沙漠47.entrancen.入口48.battlen.战役；战斗短语部分：49.altogetheradv.总共，一共50.belongto属于某人；归某人所有51.incase以防；以防万一52.inthedistance在远方53.avarietyof各种各样的54.primeminister首相；总理【重点单词】1.historicadj.历史上重要的Weshouldtakemorecareofourhistoricbuildings.我们应该更加爱护有历史意义的建筑。【近义词辨析】historical：指历史上的或历史的，侧重在历史上出现过或与历史有关的；已经发生。historic：指历史上有名的，具有历史意义的或者可成为史料的；可以正在发生或将要发生。2.poetryn.诗歌；富有诗意的东西Ihadlittleacquaintancewithmodernpoetry.我对现代诗所知甚少。Shegaveareadingfromherlatestvolumeofpoetry.她朗诵了她最近出版的诗集里的一首诗。【近义词辨析】poetry指诗的总称。poem通常指一首诗或诗体文。abookoflovepoems.一本爱情诗集。poetryoftheTangDynasty唐诗（总称）apoemoftheTangDynasty一首唐诗3.originallyadv.原先；起初Theplanehasbeenkeptinservicefarlongerthanoriginallyintended.这架飞机的服役时间已经远远超过了起初的预料。【同根词拓展】originaladj.起初的；新颖的，原创的，创新的Theoriginalplanwastogobybus.起初的计划是乘公交车去Itisoneofthemostoriginalworksofimaginationinthelanguage.这是用这种语言创作的最具想像力的原创作品之一。n.原作品；原件Whenyouhavefilledinthequestionnaire,copyitandsendtheoriginaltoyouremployer.填好问卷调查表之后，复印并将原件交给你的雇主。originn.起源;起因Wehavelearntmanytheoriesabouttheoriginoflife.我们学习了很多有关生命起源的理论。【词语辨析】creative,original,imaginative这组词都有“有创造力的”的意思，其区别是：1）creative侧重指具有把本来不存在的事物创造出来的能力。2）original强调具有与众不同，有独到之处的创造能力。3）imaginative指想象大异于现实，近乎或等于虚构。强调富有幻想能力。4.contributevt.贡献，出力；投稿；捐献vi.贡献，出力；投稿；捐献Thethreesonsalsocontributetothefamilybusiness.3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。Ibelievethateachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld.我相信我们每一个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。Localbusinesseshaveagreedtocontribute.当地的公司已经同意捐助了。【拓展】1)contributorn.捐助者CandidatesforCongressreceived53percentoftheirfundsfromindividualcontributors.国会候选人接受的捐款中有53%来自个人捐助者。2)contribute做动词也有另外一个义项，“是(造成某情况)的一个原因、导致”的意思。Thereportsaysdesignfaultsinboththevesselscontributedtothetragedy.报道称两艘船在设计上的缺陷是造成悲剧的原因。5.admirev.钦佩，欣赏IadmiredherwhenIfirstmetherandIstillthinkshe'smarvellous.我第一次见到她时就钦佩她，而且我现在依然认为她很了不起。Headmiredthewayshehadcopedwithlife.他钦佩她应对生活的方式。Wetooktimetostopandadmiretheview.我们特意停下来欣赏风景。【同义词组辨析】honour,esteem,regard,admire,respect这组词都有“尊重、钦佩”的意思，其区别是：1）honour侧重指对某人或某物表示极大的敬意。2）esteem除表示尊敬之外，还暗示由此而产生的称赞。例如：selfesteem自尊3）regard最正式用词，中性，含义不很明确，一般需用修饰语加强或明确其意。4）admire侧重指对某人或某物的仰慕、钦佩，并含欣赏爱慕之情。5）respect指对人的行为、品德、才华或成就等的仰慕尊重。尤指对年长或地位高的人的尊敬。6.feature（重点词汇，义项较多）n.特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目vi.起重要作用vt.特写；以…为特色；由…主演1）n.特点PatrioticsongshavelongbeenafeatureofKuwaitilife.爱国歌曲长期以来一直是科威特人生活的一个特点。Thespaciousgardensareaspecialfeatureofthisproperty.宽敞的花园是这处房产的一大特色。2）n.(报纸、杂志的)特写;(广播、电视的)特别节目WearedelightedtoseetheSundayTimesrunningalongfeatureonbreastcancer.我们高兴地看到《星期日泰晤士报》刊登了关于乳腺癌的一篇长长的特写。3)n.正片;故事片...thefirstfeaturelengthcartoon,SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.…第一部故事片长度的卡通片《白雪公主和七个小矮人》。4)n.(地理)特征...oneofthearea'soddestgeographicalfeaturesaneightmilebankofpebblesshelvingabruptlyintothesea.…这个地区最奇怪的地理特征之一，一条8英里长的鹅卵石堤岸陡然倾斜伸到海里。5)n.容貌Hisfeaturesseemedtochange.他的容貌似乎变了。6)vt(电影等)由…主演;(展览会等)以…为重点It'sagreatfilmanditfeaturesaSpanishactorwhoisgoingtobeaworldstarwithinayear.那是一部精彩的电影，它由一位西班牙演员主演，他一年之内就会成为国际明星。Thehourlongprogrammewillbeupdatedeachweekandfeaturehighlightsfromrecentgames.这个一小时的节目将每周更新，重点介绍近期比赛的精彩部分。7)vi担任主演;是(展览、杂志等)的重要内容Jonfeaturedinoneoftheshow'smostthrillingepisodes.乔恩主演了该剧中最惊悚的几集之一。7.transportvt.运送;n.交通运输系统Theyarebannedfromlaunchinganyflightsexcepttotransportpeople.他们被禁止飞行任何航班，运送人除外。Themissilesemergefromtheunderbellyofthetransportplane.导弹从运输机的腹部发出。【拓展】trans做前缀时，表示从一点到另一点的移动，例如：transplantvt移植；translatevt翻译transfervt转让，移交transitvt运送transformvt改变，转换，使…变形8.indicatevt.表明;暗示;象征;代表;(仪器等)指示Asurveyofretiredpeoplehasindicatedthatmostareindependentandenjoyinglife.一项对退休人员的调查表明，他们中的大部分人生活自立而愉快。OurvotetodayindicatesachangeinUnitedStatespolicy.我们今天的投票表明了美国政策的变化。Mr.Rivershasindicatedthathemayresign.里弗斯先生已经暗示他可能要辞职。Dreamscanhelpindicateyourtruefeelings.梦能代表你的真实情感。...aninstrumentusedtoindicatewinddirection.…一台用于指示风向的仪器。indicatorn.指示器；显示器9.embarrassedadj尴尬的Helookedabitembarrassed.他看上去有点尴尬。embarrassvt使…尴尬，难堪Hisclumsinessembarrassedhim.他的笨拙令他尴尬。10.settle（重点词汇）1）vt.解决(纠纷、问题等)Theyagreedtotrytosettletheirdisputebynegotiation.他们同意尽量通过谈判解决他们之间的纠纷。2)vt.定居于;使定居;定居Refugeessettlinginanewcountrysufferfromanumberofproblems.在一个新国家定居的难民们面临许多问题。HevisitedParisandeventuallysettledthere.他访问了巴黎并最终在那儿定居了。3)vt.安顿;安坐Albertsettledhimselfonthesofa.阿尔伯特在沙发安坐下来。4）vt.使沉降;沉降Ablackdustsettledonthewalls.一团黑色粉尘落到了这些墙上。11.origin见originally拓展12.entrancen.入口Besidetheentrancetothechurch,turnright.在教堂入口边向右转。【固定搭配】entrancetosp.theentrancetothesupermarket超市入口【拓展】exitn.出口【课堂练习】I.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesfromtheboxbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.structurecontributedowntownembarrassedfancydeservefeaturedhistoricadmireorigindisappoint1.Iwasreally,butthenIsawthefunnysideofit.我确实感到尴尬，但接着我发现了事情好笑的一面。2.Joninoneoftheshow'smostthrillingepisodes.乔恩主演了该剧中最惊悚的几集之一。3.WhatIisnotwhatyouhave,butwhatyouare.我所羡慕的不是你所拥有的东西，而是你是什么。4.Onthesociallevel,improvementinthequalityoflifecangreatlytosocialharmony.在社会层面，生活质量的提高非常有助于社会和谐。5.TheoftheDragonBoatFestivalistorecallthesoulofQuYuan.龙舟节的起源是为了缅怀屈原的灵魂。6.Wearelivinginagreatera.我们正处在一个伟大的历史时代。7.Thereisheavytrafficintheareatonight.今夜闹市区交通繁忙。8.Themagazinewaspackagedinaplasticcasewithattractivegraphics.这本杂志装在一个带有漂亮图纹的别致塑料盒子里。9.Herdecisiontocanceltheconcertisboundtoherfans.她决定取消这场音乐会，肯定会使她的歌迷失望。10.Doctorsstudytheofthehumanbody.医生研究人体构造。15:embarrassed;featured;admire;contribute;origin610:historic;downtown;fancy;disappoint;structureⅡ.GrammarDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AncientMyth—AHitWithModernAudiencesThissummer’ssurprisehitatmovietheatersacrossChinawastheretellingoftheancientmythofNezha.Theanimatedfilm(21)________(take)inoverfourbillionyuanattheboxofficeandbeeoneofthecountry’smostsuccessfulfilmsever.ItprovedthatChinacouldproduceanimatedfilmsparableto(22)________producedinHollywoodandJapan.Thefilm,directedbyYangYu,wasamassiveundertaking（任务）fromstarttofinish.Hespenttwoyearswritingthescript(剧本）andthreemoreyearsmakingafilmwhichrequiredtheeffortsof1,600animators.ButforYang,itwasawaytoprovetohimselfthathe(23)________changehisfateandinspireotherstochangetheirfateaswell.“Iusedtosufferfromalotofprejudiceafterchangingmycareer,”saidYang,“SincethenIhavethoughtaboutmakingananimatedfilmtoencourageyoungpeopletopersistintheirdreams.”(24)________(convey)themessagethat“yourfateisinyourownhands,”Yangmadesomechangestotheoriginalmyth.Nezhawasbornadevil（恶魔） (25)________(fate)tocausemischief（恶作剧）,buthedecidedtooverehisfateandtosavethepeopleofhishometownfrombeingdestroyedbyAoBing,thethirdsonoftheDragonKing.(26)________theancientmythbeingveryclearaboutthedifferencesbetweenthegoodandthebadguys,inYang’sfilm,allofthecharactersaretreatedwithempathy,andeventhe“bad”peoplearealsovictimsoftheirfate,(27)________,actually,havethepotentialtochangeandbeegood.Overtheyears,1haveeacrossafewstudentslabeledas“devils.”Althoughsomemisbehavedsimply(28)________theywerenotmatureenough,othersweretroublemakinganduncooperativewhentheywereinabadmood.Thosestudentsneededtoknowtheywerenotdoomedtobebad.Astheygrewup,theywouldhavethepowertochangetheircircumstances.IfyouhaveseenNezha,youknow(29)________aterrific,entertainingfilmitis.Butanimportantlessonisalsoconveyedinthefilm(30)________weshouldnotjudgeourselvesorotherstooharshly,soasnottoallowthosenegativejudgmentstocontrolourfate.21.hastaken 22.those23.could24.Toconvey25.fated26.Despite27.who28.because29.what30.that【语法详解】过去将来时讲解与练习过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would+动词原形”或“was/weregoingto+动词原形”来表达。用法例句特别提示表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。Ididn’tknowwhenhewouldgotothepark.Hesaidthathewouldwaitformeattheschoolgate.此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。用“was/weregoingto+动词原形”，“was/wereaboutto+动词原形”表示将来的动作或状态。ShetoldmeshewasgoingtoflytoYunnan.Iwasabouttoleavethehousewhenthetelephonerang.和一般将来时一样，也可用相应的其他形式表示。过去进行时态有时可用来表示过去将来。Hesaidthetrainwasleavingatfivethenextmorning.Hesaidhewasingtoseeme.常见于e,go等瞬间动词。过去将来时的基本特征，也就是我么年今天所谈到的“立足过去，着眼未来”。它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。例如：MarytoldmethatshewouldgotoShanghaibyplane.玛丽告诉我说她将要坐飞机去上海。基本构成：A)would+动词原形如：HeaskedmeifIwouldstayhere.他问我是否要待在这儿。B)was/weregoingto+动词原形如：Nooneknewwhenhewasgoingtofinishhishomework.没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业。C)was/were(about)to+动词原形如：Hesaidthattheyweretoleaveatsix.他说他们将于6点动身。Shesaidthatthemeetingwasabouttobegin.她说会议就要开始了D)e,go,arrive,leave,die等瞬时动词，用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。如：ShetoldusthatshewasleavingforYunnan.她告诉我们她将要去云南。基本用法——A)主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。如：Nobodyknewwhatwouldhappenafterahundredyears.没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。Wewantedtoknowwhethershewasgoingtospeakatthemeeting.我们想知道她是否准备在会上发言。B)在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时，用过去将来时表示在当时看将来会发生的事。如：ItwasaSundayafternoon.AyoungwomannamedMariahadjustleftschool.Hewasgoingtostarttoworkthenextweek,soshedecidedtobuysomenewclothesandanewpairofshoes.一个星期天的下午，一位名叫玛丽亚的年轻人刚离开学校。因为她准备下周开始工作，所以，决定买些新衣服和一双新鞋子。C)过去将来时还可以用来表示非真实的动作或状态。如：IfIhadachancetostudyabroad,IwouldstudyatHarvardUniversity.如果我有机会出国学习的话，我就会去哈佛大学。Iwishhewouldgowithmetothecinematonight.今晚他能和我一起去看电影就好了。【课堂练习】I.

选择填空1.

Li

Ming

said

he

_____happy

if

Brian_____to

China

next

month.

A.

as;

e

B.

was;

would

e

C.

would

be;

came

D.

will

be;

e

2.

Jenny

said

she

_____her

holiday

in

China.

A.

spent

B.

would

spent

C.

was

going

to

spent

D.

would

spend

3.

—What

did

your

son

say

in

the

letter?

—He

told

me

that

he

______

the

Disney

World

the

next

day.

A.

will

visit

B.

has

visited

C.

is

going

to

visit

D.

would

visit

4.

I

hoped

Tina

______

to

my

birthday

party

on

time

the

next

Wednesday.

A.

to

e

B.

is

ing

C.

will

e

D.

was

ing

5.

Father

said

that

he

______

me

to

Beijing

the

next

year.

A.

took

B.

would

take

C.

takes

D.

will

take

6.

We

were

not

sure

whether

they

______

more

vegetables.

A.

are

going

to

grow

B.

were

going

to

grow

C.

will

grow

D.

have

grown

7.

She

______

to

work

when

the

telephone

rang.

A.

is

going

B.

will

go

C.

was

about

to

go

D.

is

to

go

II.

用所给动词的适当形式填空1.

Miss

Zhang

said

she

__________________(visit)

the

Great

Wall

next

summer.2.

She

told

him

that

she

__________________(not

stay)

here

for

long.

3.

I

wasn’t

sure

whether

Lucy______________________(e)

the

next

year.4.

The

scientists

said

the

world’s

population

______________________

(slow)

down

in

future.5.

She

said

the

bus

___________________________(leave)

at

five

the

next

morning.6.

I

wasn't

sure

whether

he

__________________________(lend)

me

his

book

the

next

morning.

7.

He

was

fiftysix.

In

two

years

he

___________________________(be)

fiftyeight.

8.

Whenever

she

has

time,

she

__________________________(help)

them

in

their

work.

Key:

I.

17

CDDDBBC

II.

1.

would

visit

2.

would

not

stay

3.

would

e

4.

would

slow

5.

was

leaving

6.

would

lend

7.

would

be

8.

would

help【巩固练习】I.Grammar(1)25%1.Shehadto____herclothesafterlosingweightA.alter B.attach C.assist D.exchange【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她减肥后不得不换衣服。A.alter更改，换；B.attach连接；C.assist帮助；D.exchange交换。结合句意，减肥后不得不换衣服。故选A项。2.Don’teatthatcakenow;Itwillspoilyour_____.A.agent B.analysis C.appreciation D.appetite【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：别吃那块蛋糕，它会破坏你的食欲的。A.agent代理；B.analysis分析；C.appreciation欣赏；D.appetite胃口。根据前文Don’teatthatcakenow，吃蛋糕会破坏食欲。故选D项。3.Heisveryfirmaboutit;Icannnot_____himA.cheat B.damage C.bend D.destroy【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对此的态度很坚决，我不能让他屈服。A.cheat欺骗；B.damage伤害；C.bend有“使……屈服”的含义；D.destroy破坏。结合语境可知，他很坚决，不会屈服，故选C项。4.They_____theirfailureontheircoach.A.blamed B.accused C.respond D.criticized【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：他们把失败归咎于教练。A.blamed指责；B.accused起诉；C.respond回应；D.criticized批评。blamesthon意为“把……归咎于”，根据语境，故选A项。5.Theterroristescapedacrossthe______ofthetwocountries,whichmadethingsevenworse.A.board B.broad C.border D.boast【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：恐怖分子越境逃走，使情况更糟。A.board甲板；B.broad宽广的；C.border国界；D.boast夸耀。结合常识，恐怖分子是跨越国境线逃走。故选C项。6.Thegardenlooksbeautifulwhenrosesare_______.A.boom B.inboom C.bloom D.inbloom【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词及动词词组。句意：玫瑰盛开时花园看起来很美。A.boom爆炸；B.inboom正在爆炸；C.bloom开花；D.inbloom正开花的。当玫瑰盛开时，花园看起来很漂亮，beinbloom表示开花的状态。故选D项。7.Afteraheavysnow,allthegroundlookedlikebeingcoveredwithawhite________.A.bottom B.balloon C.blank D.blanket【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：下了一场大雪之后，整个地面看起来像被一条白色的毯子覆盖着。A.bottom底部；B.balloon气球；C.blank空白；D.blanket毯子。结合语境，地面像被一条白色的毯子一样盖着。故选D项。8.Thosewhoworkedwholeheartedlywithout_____shouldbepraised.A.concern B.conscience C.carelessness D.conceal【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些全心全意工作而不粗心的人应该受到表扬。A.concern关心；B.conscience良心；C.carelessness粗心；D.conceal隐瞒。全心全意与粗心含义相反，用without连接。故选C项。9.Therewas_____betweenthepoliceandthepublicincatchingthecriminal.A.cooperation B.pany C.bination D.association【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方和公众在抓捕罪犯方面进行了合作。A.cooperation合作；B.pany公司；C.bination合并；D.association协会。结合语境，警方和公众是有合作的，cooperation具有“合作”的含义。故选A项。10.The____inthegovernmenteconomyarebeginningtoshow.A.breaks B.cracks C.burst D.court【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府经济的崩溃开始显现。A.breaks破裂；B.cracks崩溃；C.burst爆发；D.court场地。只有B项cracks与经济有关，故选B项。11.Thethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout____.A.beingseen B.seeing C.himseeing D.seeinghim【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：小偷趁人不注意偷走了那个女人的钱包。without为介词，其后用动名词形式，小偷偷走钱包，没有被看见，故用被动式。故选A项。12.Yourshirtneeds____.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.A.iron B.toiron C.ironing D.beingironed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你的衬衫需要熨烫，你最好今天就熨烫。need后接动名词表示被动含义，根据语境，shirt与iron是被动关系，因此用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，故选C。13.Itisnouse____menottoworry.A.youtell B.yourtelling C.tohavetold D.havingtold【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：你叫我别担心是没有用的。Itisnousedoingsth是固定搭配，意为“做某事没有用”，动名词前加形容词性物主代词，构成动名词的复合结构。故选B项。14.Sheapologizedfor____toe.A.notherbeingable B.herbeingnotableC.notbeingable D.thatshe'snotableto【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意：她为不能来而道歉。空格处作介词for的宾语，用动名词；beabletodo为固定搭配，意为“能够”。故选C项。15.TheScienceBuildingisverybeautiful,behind______thereisanorchard.A.which B.what C.this D.these【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学大楼很漂亮，后面有一个果园。分析句子，先行词为TheScienceBuilding，为物，介词后接关系代词which引导定语从句。故选A项。16.Johnisoneofthebestwriterswho______publishedalotofbooks.A.has B.have C.havebeen D.are【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致与现在完成时。句意：约翰是出版了许多书的最好的作家之一。分析句子，其后定语从句先行词为thebestwriters是复数，从句中作主语，从句谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致，故其谓语形式要用复数，且约翰已经出版了很多书，为过去的动作对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，且writers与谓语动词publish是主动关系，综上所述。故选B项。17.Whentheymetagain,thetwofriendstalkedaboutlotsofthingsandpersons______.wecouldrememberintheschool.A.who B.whom C.that D.which【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当他们再次见面时，两个朋友谈论了许多我们在校园记得的人和事。remember的对象是thingsandpersons，有人有物，只能用that。在定语从句中，which指代物，that既可指代物，也可指代人。当先行词既有人又有物时，只能用that。故C项正确。18.Heis________everyonerespects.A.theperson B.which C.whom D.who【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是大家尊敬的人。分析句子可知，空格处作表语，后面是定语从句，所以空格处是定语从句中的先行词，根据语境，指theperson，其他词并不能作先行词，先行词在从句中作宾语，关系词that可以省略，完整的句子为：Heisthepersonthateveryonerespects.。故选A项。19.Thisisthemodernhotel______theguestscanenjoythemostfortablethings.A.where B.which C.that D.inthat【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一家现代化的酒店，客人可以在这里享受最舒适的东西。分析句子，先行词hotel，从句中地点状语，关系副词where引导定语从句，从句中作地点状语。故选A项。20.Markoftenattemptsto

escape

_______

wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.A.havingbeenfined B.beingfinedC.tohavebeenfined D.tobefined【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查escape的用法。句意：马克经常试图逃脱罚款，每当他违反交通规则的时候。escapedoingsth逃脱、避免干某事。故选B。21.Theyhaven’tdecidedwhen__________forShanghai.A.tobeleaving B.toleave C.leaving D.leave【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查疑问词+不定式作宾语。句意：他们还没有决定什么时候动身去上海。decide后接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，whentodo意为“什么时候去做”。故选B项。22.Ifeellike_________alongwalk.Wouldyoulike_______withme?A.taking;going B.taking;togo C.totake;togo D.totake;going【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意是：我想出去散步，你愿意和我去吗？第一空考查feellikedoing“想要做某事”,第二空考查wouldliketodo“想要做”，故选B。23.Don’tforget__________theletterformewhenyoupassbythepostoffice.A.post B.topost C.posted D.posting【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定式作宾语。句意：你经过邮局时别忘了替我寄这封信。forgettodosth意为“不要忘记去做某事”，表示事情未做；forgetdoingsth.意为“忘记做过某事”，表示事情已发生，根据语境，是强调不要忘记，故选B项。24.Inthosedaysmyfamilydidn’thaveenoughroom_________.A.tolive B.livingin C.tolivein D.living【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：那时候我家没有足够的地方住。enough修饰的名词后接不定式作定语，tolivein不定式作定语修饰room，表示“没有足够的房间住”，且room作live的逻辑宾语，live是不及物动词，接宾语需加介词in。综上所述。故选C项。25.Shetoldme________aboutmylessons.A.needn’tworry B.don’tworry C.nottoworry D.notworry【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：她告诉我不要担心我的功课。tellsbnottodosth意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。worryabout为固定搭配，意为“担心”。故选C项。IIGrammarOnedayGeneandHannahBortnickheardpianomusic___26___(e)fromtheirlivingroom.Theythoughttheir3yearoldsonEthan___27___(listen)toaCD.Thentheywalkedintotheroom.Totheiramazement,theyfoundhimplayingmusiconhistoypiano!Havingdiscoveredhisremarkabletalent,Ethan’sparentschangedtheirmindsandagreedtohispreviousbeggingforpianolessons.Theyturnedtoafamilymemberwhotaughtpiano,andshebeganworkingwithEthan.Itwasn’tlong,however,___28___theteacherknewthathewasnoordinarystudent.Ethanwasapianoprodigy(神童)andneededsomeonewhounderstoodhisspecialtalentsandabilities.ThefamilyfoundDr.IrenaKofman,___29___immediatelyrecognizedhistalentandintelligence.WithDr.Kofman’shelp,Ethanlearnedaboutpianotechniqueanddifferenttypesofmusic.Beforelong,hewasbeingaskedtoperformformanyevents.LaterhewasreceivinginvitationsfromthelikesofJayLenoandOprah.Ethanwas6andinkindergarten___30___hefirstappearedonTheTonightShowwithJayLeno.Atthattime,healreadyhadover200songs___31___(memorize)andwasdevelopingaCD.Today,attheageof13,itseemsthereis___32___Ethancannotdo.Heplayspiano,sings,posessongsandacts.HehasentertainedaudiencesaroundtheworldwithmusicrangingfromBeethoventoBieber.In2010,Ethanbecame___33___(young)musiciantocreateandhosthisownTVconcertspecial.Thenin2013,theperformerstarredinandwrotemusicforthemovieAnythingisPossible.【答案】26.ing27.waslistening28.before29.who30.when31.memorized32.nothing33.theyoungest【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。记叙了音乐天才伊桑的音乐历程。【26题详解】考查现在分词作宾语补主语。句意：一天，吉恩和汉娜·博特尼克从他们的客厅里听到了钢琴声。表示动作正在进行，用现在分词作宾语补足语，结合语境，他们听到钢琴声正传来。故填ing。【27题详解】考查过去进行时。句意：他们以为3岁的儿子伊桑在听CD。结合语境，他们认为他们的儿子正在听CD，发生在过去且为正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故填waslistening。【28题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，没过多久，老师不知不觉发现了他不是一个普通的学生。before表示“不知不觉，还没弄清就……”，结合前文，老师不知不觉发现了他不是一个普通的学生。故填before。【29题详解】考查定语从句。句意：家人找到了艾琳娜·科夫曼博士，她立刻发现了他的才华和智慧。分析句子，先行词为Dr.IrenaKofman，定语从句中缺主语，且艾琳娜·科夫曼博士为人物。故填who。【30题详解】考查定语从句。句意：伊桑6岁上幼儿园时，他与杰雷诺第一次出现在今晚节目电视节目中。分析句子，when在句中作状语，指代伊桑六岁在幼儿园的时期。故填when。【31题详解】考查过去分词。句意：当时，他已经能记住了200多首歌，正在制作一张CD。分析句子可知，“歌曲”与“记住”为逻辑上的被动关系，歌曲为“被记住”，用过去分词表被动。故填memorized。【32题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：如今，13岁的伊桑似乎没有什么不能做的。thereisnothingsb.cannotdo为固定搭配，意为“没有什么某人不能做”，故填nothing。【33题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：2010年，伊桑成为最年轻的音乐人创造和主持自己的电视音乐会特别节目。分析句子，在2010年，伊桑就成为了最年轻的音乐人，用最高级形式，且最高级前加the。故填theyoungest。III.ReadingprehensionSectionAvocabularyNEWYORK(Reuters)—U.S.factoriesshruggedoffweaknessintheglobaleconomyinNovemberasmanufacturingactivityrosetoitshighestlevelinfivemonths,afreshsignthe___34___economywasaccelerating.Recentdataonconsumerspendingandprivatesectorjobcreationhasalsoboostedoptimismonthepaceofgrowth.“Theeconomyseemsfinallytobe___35___realmomentum,”saidIanShepherdson,aneconomistatHighFrequencyEconomicsinValhalla,NewYork.Alsopointingtogrowth,automakersreportedU.S.salesrose13.9percentinNovemberfromayearearlier,AutodataCorpsaid.TheInstituteforSupplyManagementsaidonThursdayitsindexofnationalfactoryactivityroseto52.7from50.8themonthbefore,beatinganalysts’expectationsandshowingthesectorcontinuesto___36___.Theaddedmomentum,alsoapparentinthereport’sdetails,reducesthechancestheU.S.economywillslipintoanewrecession,evenwithanexpectedcontractionintheeurozone.paredtoadismalfirsthalfoftheyearthepaceofU.S.growthmorethan___37___inthethirdquartertoa2percent___38___rate.Whilethatremainssubpar,economistsbelieveactivitywill___39___evenstrongerinthefinalthreemonthsoftheyear.TheISM___40___ofnewordersrosetoitshighestlevelsinceApril,andtheexportindexalsoimproved,althoughmodestly.“Thatshouldkeepsomemomentumgoing,”saidSeanIncremona,aneconomistat4CastinNewYork.“Itisgoodtoseethingsarenotgettingworsenow.”Muchofthe___41___oftheworld,however,isgettingworse,especiallyinEuropewherepolicymakersarefightingaragingsovereigndebtcrisis.【答案】34.G35.B36.A37.I38.E39.H40.D41.C【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了美国国内经济增长的新迹象。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：去年十一月，制造业活动升至五个月来最高水平，美国工厂摆脱了全球经济疲弱的影响，这是美国国内经济加速增长的新迹象。domesticeconomy意为“国内经济”。故填G。【35题详解】考查现在分词。句意：经济似乎终于有了真正的发展势头。现在正有发展势头，用现在分词表示正在进行。故填B。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：显示该行业继续扩张。continuetodosth.意为“继续做某事”，根据上文itsindexofnationalfactoryactivityroseto52.7from50.8themonthbefore可知，是讲经济正在扩张，全国工厂活动指数从上个月的50.8升至52.7，expand意为“扩张”，故填A。【37题详解】考查过去分词。句意：与上半年的惨淡相比，美国第三季度的增长速度翻了一番多，达到了2%的年增长率。doubled意为“两倍”，根据语境，增长速度是翻倍了。故填I。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：与上半年的惨淡相比，美国第三季度的增长速度翻了一番多，达到了2%的年增长率。前一句话提到与上半年相比，可知这个增长率是年增长率。故填E。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：尽管这一数字仍不高，但经济学家认为，今年最后三个月的经济活动将更加强劲。前文的activity指的活动，它会“证明”经济学家的观点。故填H。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：新订单的ISM指数升至4月份以来的最高水平，出口指数也有所改善，不过幅度不大。后文提到增长幅度，可知其为某一指数。故填D。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，世界其他许多地区的情况正在恶化，特别是在欧洲，决策者们正在与肆虐的主权债务危机作斗争。therestof…意为“剩下的”，这里指世界其他许多地区，故填C。ClozeHaveyoueverheardofcryosurgery?Cryosurgeryinvolvesfreezingtissuestoextremelycooltemperatures.Itisaprocedureinwhich___42___bodytissuesaredestroyedby___43___themtoextremelycoldtemperatures.Thetemperaturesusedrangefrom150℃toabsolutezero.Thesurgicalprocedurefreezesunhealthytissues,andthefreezingdestroysthe___44___.Forexternalinjuries,liquidnitrogen(氮),whichhasatemperatureof196℃,isapplied___45___tothecells.Forinternaltumors(内部肿瘤),liquidnitrogeniscirculated(

流通),throughaninstrument(仪器)calledacryoprob(冷冻探针),alowtemperatureprobe(探针),cooledbyliquidnitrogen.Howdoescryosurgerydestroycells?Theicecreatedbytheliquidnitrogenwilldestroynearlyallcellsthatit___46___incontactwith.Asiceformsaroundacell,thefreewaterinsidethecellis___47___.Thiscausesthecelltoshrinkandthewallsinsidethecelltocollapse.Poisonousproteinsorchemicalswithinthecellarereleased.___48___,astheicearoundshrunken(收缩)cellsbeginstomelt(融化),largeamountsoffreewaterrushbackinsidethecells,causingthemtoburst.Thedeadcellsarethenremovedthroughnormal____49____process.Howwelldoescryosurgerywork?Theprocedure(过程)hasprovedsuccessfulinremovingsometumors.Cryosurgerymaybeused___50___toremovefreckles(forcosmeticreasons)andtotreatsomeskincancers.Itisalsousedinthetreatmentofbonecancertofreezeinternalbonehollow.Cryosurgeryhasdevelopedfromthe___51___attemptstofreezetissueswithasalticemixtureinthe1850stotheplicatedcryoprobemethodusedtoday.Despiteitssuccess,sideeffectsfromcryosurgerytendtobeworseifitisdoneinmenwhohavealreadyhadradiationtherapy(辐射疗法).Thereforethiskindofnewsurgeryisnotfitforeveryone.42.A.healthy B.abnormal C.normal D.lively43.A.exposing B.applying C.adapting D.leading44.A.tissues B.proteins C.chemicals D.cells45.A.pletely B.directly C.rapidly D.slowly46.A.keeps B.es C.stays D.loses47.A.drawnoff B.madeout C.madeup D.drawnaway48.A.Gradually B.Eventually C.Immediately D.Slowly49.A.bodily B.mentally C.chemical D.surgical50.A.aswell B.asif C.asfor D.aslongas51.A.last B.wrong C.first D.right【答案】42.B43.A44.D45.B46.B47.A48.B49.A50.A51.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冷冻手术的手术过程、原理和现在的应用，最后告诉大家冷冻手术并不适用于所有人。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一种将异常的身体组织暴露在极冷的温度下而被破坏的过程。A.healthy健康的；B.abnormal异常的；C.normal正常的；D.lively活泼的。根据常识，只有异常的身体组织才需要被破坏。故选B项。【43题详解】考查动词。句意：这是一种将异常的身体组织暴露在极冷的温度下而被破坏的过程。A.exposing揭露；B.applying运用；C.adapting适应；D.leading领导。冷冻手术需要将身体组织暴露在极冷的温度下，故选A项。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：手术过程会冻结不健康的组织，而冷冻会破坏细胞。A.tissues组织；B.proteins蛋白质；C.chemicals化学物质；D.cells细胞。后文提到极低的温度会直接作用于细胞。故选D项。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：对于外部损伤，液氮的温度为196℃，直接作用于细胞。A.pletely完全地；B.directly直接地；C.rapidly快速地；D.slowly缓慢地。前文提到要将身体组织直接暴露在极低的温度下，可知此处是“直接”作用于细胞。故选B项。【46题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：液氮形成的冰将摧毁几乎所有与之接触的细胞。eincontactwith意为“接触”，为固定短语，符合此处描述的语境。故选B项。【47题详解】考查动词短语。句意：当冰层在细胞周围形成时，细胞内的自由水被抽出。A.drawnoff抽出；B.madeout制成；C.madeup组成；D.drawnaway开走。后文提到当细胞周围的冰开始融化时，大量的自由水又回到细胞内部。可知此处的