高考英语一轮复习考案1必修一练习含解析外研版

一轮复习精品资料(高中)PAGEPAGE1必修一综合过关规范限时检测第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．HowoldisJames？CA．20. B．21.C．22.2．WhatwillthewomandoonFridayevening？AA．Gotoabirthdayparty.B．Attendabusinessmeeting.C．Goshoppingonline.3．Wheredoestheconversationprobablyhappen？AA．Inthekitchen.B．Inthebathroom.C．Inthelivingroom.4．Whatdoesthemando？BA．Adeliveryman. B．Arepairman.C．Acleaner.5．Whatdoesthemanneedtoaddtotheshoppinglist？CA．Potatoes. B．Carrots.C．Onions.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whenwillthepartybeheld？BA．OnMayDay. B．OnMay3rd.C．OnMay4th.7．Whatwillbethemainactivityoftheparty？AA．Somespeeches. B．Adance.C．Somegames.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Fromwhomdidthemangetthegoodnews？CA．Hisuncle. B．Histeacher.C．Hisfather.9．Whatisthemangoingtodoaftergraduation？BA．Getamaster'sdegree.B．Gotowork.C．Workasanengineer.10．Wherewillthemanwork？CA．Inhisfather'scompany.B．Inhisuncle'scompany.C．Inacompanyofhisuncle'sfriend.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Howmanystudentsarethereinthisschool？CA．Nearly800. B．Nearly900.C．Nearly1,000.12．Whatlanguageisn'ttaughtinthisschool？CA．German. B．Japanese.C．Spanish.13．WhendidthewomancomebacktoChina？AA．Almost20yearsago.B．Almost15yearsago.C．Almost10yearsago.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatdoesthemanusuallyeatduringhismainmeal？BA．Vegetables. B．Desserts.C．Whitemeat.15．Howcanthewomankeepaslimfigure？BA．Sheeatslessandexercisesmore.B．Sheavoidsfastfoodandredmeat.C．Shehasaregulareatingroutine.16．Howdoesthemanfindfish？CA．It'seasytodigest.B．It'shealthy.C．Ittastesawful.17．Whatwillthespeakerstalkaboutnext？CA．Whatfruitandvegetablesoneshouldeatmore.B．Whatkindsoffoodarebeneficialtoone'shealth.C．Whyeatingfruitandvegetablesreducestheriskofcancer.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whomshouldyoucomplaintoinachainstore？CA．Theowner. B．Theassistant.C．Themanager.19．Whatshouldonefirstdowhencomplainingonthetelephone？CA．Getyournameregisteredclearly.B．Describeyourproblemindetail.C．Findoutwhowilldealwithyourmatter.20．Whatdoesthespeakersuggestintheend？BA．Trytocomplaininperson.B．Writealetterofcomplaint.C．Waitforareplypatiently.附听力原文：Text1W：HowoldisKeith?M：He's21.HowoldisJames?W：He'sayearolderthanKeith,buthelooksyounger.Text2M：AreyougoingtoHelen'sbirthdaypartyonFridayevening?W：Ofcourse，Iwouldn'tmissitfortheworld!M：ButIrememberyouoncesaidyouwillbeattendingabusinessmeetingatthattime.W：Ithasbeenputoff,soI'mavailable.Text3W：Dear，canyougivemeahand?M：OK，whatdoyouwantmetodo?W：Seetheseplateshere?Ineedyoutodothedryingup.I'vefinishedthewashingup.Text4M：Goodmorning.I'mfromtherepaircompany.Ilearnthatyou'vegotaproblemwithyourwashingmachine.W：Oh,yes.Comeinplease.Thewashingmachineisinthebathroomupstairs.Text5W：Areyoureadytogoshopping?M：Justaminute.Ineedtomakealistofwhatweneed.W：Goodidea.Haveyouwrittendownpotatoes,carrots,andonions?M：Idon'thaveonionsonmylist.I'lladdthem.Text6W：We'regoingtohaveapartyontheeveningofMay3rd,nextFridayevening.M：Whatfor，ifImayknow?W：TocelebratetheMay4thMovement.Wehavealsoinvitedsomefamouspeopletocometotheparty.M：Isupposesomepopstarsorsportsstarswillcome.W：No，Imeansomefamouswriterswillcome.M：I'mverygladtohearthat.Thenwhatshallwebedoing?W：Well,we'llbejustsittingaroundafireandlisteningtothespeechesmadebythewinnersofthespeechcontest.M：Fine.Thatwouldbeinteresting.Text7W：Hi,Robert.Whendoyouplantogohome？Rightafteryougraduatefromhere?M：Youdon'tknowthegoodnews.MyfathercalledthismorningandsaidIcouldstayforanotheryear.W：Hey,that'sgreat.Whatareyougoingtodo?Getamaster'sdegree?M：No,Iamgoingtowork.W：Work!Youcan'tworkhere.Youhavebeencomplainingaboutthatforfouryears.M：Yes，Ican.Icanworkforayeartogetpracticaltraininginmyfield.W：Youmeanyouaregoingtoworkasanengineer?M：Well,notexactly,butclose.Oneofmyuncle'sfriendshasasmallconstructioncompanyinAustinandhesaysIcouldworkforhim.W：Boy,Ijustwentawayforaweekendandyouhavegotajobandeverything.Text8M：Howmanychildrenarethereinthisschool?W：Morethanninehundred,nearlyathousand.M：Whatforeignlanguagesdotheylearn?W：MostofthemstudyEnglish,andotherslearnRussian,Japanese,FrenchorGerman.M：Isee.HowlonghaveyoubeenteachingEnglish?W：EversinceIcamebacktoChina.Letmesee.Thatwasalmosttwentyyearsago.M：Soyouoncelivedabroad.That'sinteresting.Wherewereyou?W：Well,IwasborninChina,butIgrewupinNewZealand.M：NowonderyourspokenEnglishisverygood.W：Thankyou.ButIdon'tspeakitsofluentlynow.Text9M：Sonia,canyougivemesomeadviceonhealthyeating?W：Sure，Mike.Thebestthingyoucanprobablydoisaddsomevegetablestoyourmainmeal.M：Youmeanpeoplelikemewhotendtoeatchocolateandcakesshouldchangetofruitandvegetablesinstead，right?W：That'sright.It'sjustcommonsense.M：Sohowcanyoukeepsuchaslimfigure­justkeepawayfromfriesandhamburgers?W：Yes,andredmeat.Whitemeatsuchaschickenandduckishealthier.M：Andwhataboutfish?Mymomalwaysmakesuseatfish,butIneverthinkithasagoodtaste.W：Yeah.Atleastonceortwiceaweekyoushouldeatfish.It'sfullofgoodnessandveryeasytodigest.M：OK,then,willthehealthythingsmakeuslivelonger?W：Yeah.Infact,someresearchshowsthateatingmorefruitandvegetablescanreduceyourriskofcancerbyasmuchas20%.M：That'samazing!Pleaseexplainwhy.Text10Complainingaboutfaultygoodsorbadserviceisnevereasy.Mostpeopledislikemakingacomplaint.Butinfact,itistheshopkeeper'sresponsibilitytotakethecomplaintseriouslyandtoreplaceorrepairfaultyarticlesorputpoorserviceright.Theproducermayhaveaparttoplaybutthatcomeslater.Complaintshouldbemadetoaresponsibleperson.Gobacktotheshopwhereyouboughtthegoods,takingwithyouthereceipt.Asktoseetheownerinalargestore.Inasmallstoreyoumaycomplaindirectlytotheassistant.Inachainstoreasktoseethemanager.Ifyoutelephone,askthenameofthepersonwhohandlesyourcomplaintatfirst,otherwiseyoumayneverfindoutwhowilldealwiththecomplaintlater.Eventhebravestpersonsometimesfindsitdifficulttocomplaininperson.Soyoucanwritealetterofcomplaintandkeepacopyofit.Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththeansweryouget,oryoudonotgetareply,writetowhoeverisinchargeagain.第二节到此结束。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(2021·武汉市部分学校高三起点质检)I'veconsultedseveraltravelexpertsandfoundoutthetopplacesintheUSAworthvisiting.Where:NewOrleans,LouisianaWhy:NewOrleansisknownforitsmusicandfoodscene—nottomentionthefestivals.Ithasabout130festivalseachyearsothere'sreallynobadtimetovisit.BourbonStreetistheobviouschoiceforfood,drinkandjazzandit'sdefinitelyamust­visitlocation,especiallyforfirst­timerstothecity.Where:Vail,ColoradoWhy:Vailistheperfectdestinationfortravelerslookingtofindalmosteverythinginonecentralspot.StayattheamazingFourSeasonsResortandResidencesVailtobestepsawayfromVailVillage,apopularspotwithcobblestone(鹅卵石)streetsforwanderingleisurely.Thecountry'slargestfreetransportationsystemrunsfrequently,makingiteasytoaccessalmostanywherefromVailVillagetoLionsheadVillage.Where:HudsonValley,NewYorkWhy:TheHudsonValleyiswhereNewYorkersgotoescapethecitywhentheyneedahealthydoseofnatureandrelaxation.Justanan­hour­and­a­halfdrivenorthofNewYorkCity,theHudsonValleyismadeupofsmall,impossiblycharmingtowns,wheretheairisfresherandthingsdomoveslowerinthemountains.文章大意：本文主要介绍了美国最值得去旅游的几个地方以及这些景点的特色。21．YoucanenjoydifferentthingsinNewOrleansexceptA.A．scenery B．musicC．festivals D．food〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干关键词“inNewOrleans”定位至(Where：NewOrleans，Louisiana)部分的“Why：NewOrleansisknownforitsmusicandfoodscene—nottomentionthefestivals.”，由此可知，新奥尔良以其音乐和美食及节日闻名，没有提及景色。故A项符合题意。22．Whichplacewouldyoupreferifyoulikewanderingleisurely?BA．BourbonStreet.B．VailVillage.C．LionsheadVillage.D．NewOrleans.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干关键词“ifyoulikewanderingleisurely”定位至Where：Vail，Colorado部分的“StayattheamazingFourSeasonsResortandResidencesVailtobestepsawayfromVailVillage，apopularspotwithcobblestone(鹅卵石)streetsforwanderingleisurely.”，据此可知，在VailVillage，游客可以在鹅卵石街道上悠闲地漫步。故B项正确。23．WhatcanNewYorkersenjoyintheHudsonValley？DA．Ancienttowns. B．Healthydiets.C．Slowmovement. D．Innerpeace.〖解析〗考查推断的能力。根据尾段的“TheHudsonValleyiswhereNewYorkersgotoescapethecitywhentheyneedahealthydoseofnatureandrelaxation.”可知，哈德逊谷是纽约人逃离城市去亲近自然、放松一下的地方。结合最后一句中的“theairisfresherandthingsdomoveslowerinthemountains”可以判断，在哈德逊谷人们可以放慢节奏，享受到内心的平静。故D项正确。B(2021·山东部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试)FlyingHighBarringtonIrvingmadehishistoricflightandfoundedaneducationalnon­profit­makingorganization.Thesecret,hebelieves,ishavingadreaminthefirstplace,andthatstartswithlearningexperiencesthatinspirekidstobuildcareers.ThemomentofinspirationforIrvingcameinhisparents'bookstore.Onecustomer,aprofessionalpilot,askedIrvingifhe'dthoughtaboutbecomingapilot.“ItoldhimIwasn'tsmartenough;butthenextdayhetookmetothecockpit(驾驶舱)ofthecommercialairplaneheflew,andjustlikethatIwashooked.”Tofollowhisdream,IrvingturneddownafootballscholarshiptotheUniversityofFlorida.Hewashedairplanestoearnmoneyandincreasedhisflyingskillsbypractisingathomeona$40flightsimulator(模拟装置)videogame.Thenanotherdreamtookhold:flyingalonearoundtheworld.Hefacedmorethan50rejectionsforsponsorshipbeforeconvincingsomecompaniestodonateaircraftcomponents.Hetookoffwithnoweatherradar,node­icingsystem,andjust$30inhispocket.After97days,26stopsanddozensofthunderstorms,hetoucheddowntoacheeringcrowdinMiami.“Itwasseeingsomanyyoungpeoplewatchingandlisteningthatpushedmeintogivingbackwithmyknowledgeandexperience.”Irvinghasbeendoingiteversince.Hesetuphisnon­profit­makingorganization,ExperienceAviation(航空),aimingtoincreasethenumberofyouthinaviationandscience­relatedcareers.“Wewanttocreatechancesforstudentstoaccomplishsomethingamazing，”henoted.Themostpowerfuleducationaltoolistheexamplehisownlifeprovides.文章大意：受到父母书店里的一位飞行员顾客的影响，BarringtonIrving立志做一名飞行员，后来又梦想驾驶飞机环游全球。经过不懈努力完成环球飞行后，他成立了非营利组织“体验航空”，旨在增加从事航空和与科学相关的职业的年轻人数量。24．AccordingtoIrving,whatisthemostimportantinachievingsuccess？CA．Meetingpeoplewhoprovideunexpectedhelp.B．Gettingachancetostudytechnicalknowledge.C．Havingsomethingspecificthatyouwanttoaccomplish.D．Developingcommunicationwithdifferentorganizations.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段第二句“Thesecret，hebelieves，ishavingadreaminthefirstplace,andthatstartswithlearningexperiencesthatinspirekidstobuildcareers.”可知，BarringtonIrving认为成功的秘诀首先在于有自己的梦想。故C项正确。25．WhatdidIrving'sreplytothepilotinthebookstoresuggest？BA．Hefeltembarrassedtorefusetheoffer.B．Hewasdoubtfulabouthisownabilities.C．Heknewhiseffortswouldberewarded.D．Herealizedimmediatelyhowluckyhewas.〖解析〗考查推断的能力。根据第二段第三句中的“ItoldhimIwasn'tsmartenough”可知，BarringtonIrving告诉那位飞行员顾客自己不够聪明；据此可以判断，他怀疑自己的能力。故B项正确。26．WhatcanwelearnaboutIrvinginParagraph3？DA．Hechosetoreducehisbudgetaslowaspossible.B．Hewasfinallygivenenoughmoneytokeepgoing.C．Hegotthemostusefulflyingtipsfromhisvideogame.D．Hetookonafurtherchallengeafterheknewhowtofly.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第二、三句“Hewashedairplanestoearnmoney...Thenanotherdreamtookhold：flyingalonearoundtheworld.”可知，他通过洗飞机来赚钱，并在家通过在一个四十美元的飞行模拟器电子游戏上练习来提高自己的飞行技能；随后他有了另一个梦想：独自飞行，环游世界。据此可以判断，BarringtonIrving在学会了飞行之后，又开始了进一步的挑战：独自驾驶飞机环游世界。故D项正确。27．WhydidIrvingsetuphisnon­profit­makingorganization？CA．Becausehehopedtobecomeapublicfigure.B．Becauseheexpectedtostartabusinessinotherfields.C．Becausehesawtherewasgreatinterestinwhathewasdoing.D．Becausehethoughthecouldteachmorethanflightschoolscould.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据尾段第二句和第四句可知，看到许多人对自己的飞行感兴趣，Irving成立了非营利组织“体验航空”，旨在增加从事航空和与科学相关的职业的年轻人数量。故C项正确。C(2021·山东部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试)It'scommonthataJapanese­Americanbowsonthephone—butonlyinJapanese.Behaviorsandmannerscanbecomesoroutinethattheyappearevenwhenthere'snoneedforthem.Thosewhoarebilingualandbiculturalknowfirst­handthathowwebehavecandependonwhatlanguagewearespeaking.Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.Thisisbecausewhenyouhaveanexperience,thelanguageyouareusingbecomesassociatedwithit.Forbilingualpeople,thismeanscertainmemoriesaremorecloselyassociatedwithonelanguagethantheother—aphenomenoncalledlanguage—dependentmemory.Forexample,achildhoodmemoryismorelikelytoberememberedwhenthelanguagespokenduringthatchildhoodeventisspokenagain.Howwethinkandfeelcanthuschangedependingonwhatlanguageweareusing.Forexample,peoplewhoarebilingualhaveanintensifiedstressresponsewhenlisteningtothewordsofscoldinginanativelanguage.Thismaybe,inpart,becauseourearlymemoriesassociatedwithlearninga“bad”wordorbeingscoldedbyourparentshappenedinournativelanguage.Becauseemotionsplayakeyroleinhowwemakedecisions,peopleareoftenmoresensiblewhenmakingchoicesinthelessemotionalforeignlanguage.Whenaskedwhethertheywouldbewillingtogiveuponeperson'slifetosaveagroup,peoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguagearemuchmorelikelytosay“yes”whenansweringinaforeignlanguage.Theunpleasantfeelingsthatcanpreventusfrommakingdifficultchoicesarereducedwhenwe'reusinganon­nativelanguage.Thelanguagewespeakhasaninfluenceonhowwethink,feel,andevenbehave.Inaway,knowingdifferentlanguagescanprovidepeoplewithavarietyofviewsthroughwhichtoseetheworld.文章大意：本文主要说明我们现在的身份取决于我们现在使用的语言。我们说的语言会影响我们的思维、感觉和行为。28．WhyistheexampleofaJapanese­Americanmentioned？DA.Toshowtheinfluenceofcultureishuge.B．ToshowbowingisJapanesepeople'sroutine.C．ToshowJapanesepeoplearepoliteonthephone.D．Toshowone'suseoflanguageaffectsone'sbehavior.〖解析〗考查理解目的的能力。根据第一段第一句可知，日裔美国人在电话中鞠躬是很常见的，但只有在讲日语时才这样做。根据第一段第三句可知，那些会说两种语言的二元文化的人直接了解我们的行为取决于我们说哪种语言。据此可知，文章开篇以日裔美国人为例旨在说明个人对语言的使用影响自身的行为。故D项正确。29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensified”inParagraph3mean？CA．Worse. B．Better.C．Increased. D．Limited.〖解析〗考查理解词汇的能力。根据第三段尾句可知，在某种程度上，这可能是因为我们早期的、与学习“坏”单词或被父母责骂有关的这些记忆都是用母语进行的。结合画线词所在的句子可知，会说两种语言的人在听到用母语说的责骂的话时，压力反应会增强。故C项正确。30．Whenapersonspeaksaforeignlanguage,heislikelytoA.A.makeasounddecisionB．preventhimselffromdangerC．beinfluencedbyotherpeopleD．havedifficultymakingdecisions〖解析〗考查推断的能力。根据第四段第一句可知，因为情绪在我们如何做决定中起着关键作用，人们在使用不那么有感染力的外语做选择时通常会更理智。据此可以判断，一个人说外语时可能会做出明智的决定。故A项正确。31．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？AA．YouAreActuallyWhatYouAreSpeakingB．NativeLanguagesMakePeopleSpeakMoreC．DifferentLanguagesHaveDifferentInfluencesD．SpeakYourNativeLanguageinOtherCountries〖解析〗考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了我们现在的身份取决于我们现在使用的语言。我们说的语言会影响我们的思维、感觉和行为。据此可知，A项最适合作文章标题。DInSharkBay,Australia,bottlenosedolphinsthataren'trelatedhavebeenobservedteachingeachotheranewwaytouseatool,abehaviorthatuntilnowscientistshavefoundonlyinhumansandothergreatapes.It'salsothefirstknownexampleofdolphinspassingonsuchknowledgewithinthesamegeneration,ratherthanbetweengenerations.That'ssignificant,theauthorssay,becausesuchsociallearningbetweenpeersisrareinnature.Inapracticecalledshelling,dolphinswillchasefishintoabandonedgiantsnailshellsontheseafloor,thenbringtheshellstothesurfaceandshakethemwiththeirnoses,drainingthewaterandcatchingthefishthatfallout.In2007,KrützenlaunchedastudyofSharkBay'sdolphins,identifyingmorethanathousandindividualdolphinsover11years.Duringthistime,scientistsobservedshelling42timesamong19dolphins.Halfoftheseeventsoccurredafteramarineheatwavein2011,whichmayhavecausedadie­offamonggiantseasnails,leadingtomoreabandonedshellsontheseafloor.Becauseofthelengthoftheirstudy,scientistshadthoroughknowledgeoftheindividualdolphins'familyhistories,ages,sexes,andbehavior,makingiteasierforthemtostudythe19dolphinsthatpracticedshelling.Forinstance,theyobservedthatthedolphinsthatpracticeshellinghangoutwithothershellinghunters,soit'slikelythattheycopytheactionfromthosetheyspendtimewith,saysstudyleadauthorSonjaWild,apostdoctoralresearcherattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany.Although42observationsareasmalldataset,thescientistsadd,it'slikelythebehaviorisactuallycommon;itonlylastsafewseconds,makingitharderforpeopletospotitfromaboat.Theteamhadassumedthatenvironmentalfactors—specifically,whether,shellingdolphinsdidsosimplybecausetheylivedinashell­richarea—couldexplainthispeer­to­peertransmission(传递).Agenetictrait(遗传特性)amongafamilygroupwasanotherpossiblereason.Sotheresearcherscombinedtheirdataonthedolphinsightings,aswellasgeneticandenvironmentaldata,intoacomputermodelthatproposedvariouswaysshellingcouldbepassedonbetweendolphins.Themodelthatsupportedthiskindoftransmissionwasthestrongestoutcome,accordingtothestudy.文章大意：人们观察到一种宽吻海豚在互相传授一种使用工具的新方法，迄今为止，科学家们只在人类和其他类人猿身上发现了这种行为。本文介绍了这种行为的相关情况。32.Whatdoweknowaboutdolphins？DA．Theyarebecomingrareinnature.B．Theyareasintelligentashumans.C．Theycausemoreseasnailstodie.D．Theycancarryoutsociallearning.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段第一句“InSharkBay，Australia，bottlenosedolphinsthataren'trelatedhavebeenobservedteachingeachotheranewwaytouseatool,abehaviorthatuntilnowscientistshavefoundonlyinhumansandothergreatapes.”可知，海豚和人类以及其他类人猿一样，可以互相传授使用工具的新方法。故D项正确。33.Whatdothescientiststhinkofthedolphins'behavior？AA．Itcouldprobablyhappenoften.B．Itmaybehardtounderstand.C．Itisactuallymeaningless.D．Itdiffersbetweendolphins.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段最后一句中的“Although42observationsareasmalldataset,thescientistsadd,it'slikelythebehaviorisactuallycommon”可知，科学家们认为虽然42次观察只是一个小数据集，但实际上这可能是很常见的行为。据此可知，海豚的这种行为可能经常发生。故A项正确。34．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4？AA．Analyzethecausesofthedolphins'behavior.B．Explainthegenetictraitsofshellingdolphins.C．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.D．Getthereaderstoreflectonthetopic.〖解析〗考查理解目的的能力。通读第四段可知，该段分析了海豚这种行为的两个原因，第一个是环境因素；第二个是家庭群的遗传特性。据此可知，该段旨在分析海豚这一行为的原因。故A项正确。35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？BA．ShellingDolphinsFaceMoreDangersB．DolphinsLearnTricksfromEachOtherC．DolphinsCommunicatewithSeaSnailsD．DolphinsAbandonTheirNaturalHabitats〖解析〗考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，本文首句“InSharkBay，Australia，bottlenosedolphins...othergreatapes.”为全文的主题句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了科学家的新发现：海豚能互相传授使用工具的新方法。故B项最适合作全文的标题。第二节阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)Travellingwithfriendscanbeanabsolutelyamazingexperiencewhereyoucouldmakelifelongmemoriesoritcouldendupruiningyourfriendship.36.GHerearesomerulesyoushouldfollowtomakesureyournexttripwithfriendsgoesassmoothlyaspossible.●37.BSure,youandyourfriendsprobablyhavesomesimilarinterests,butthat'snotalwaysthecase.Inanefforttokeepeveryonehappy,goovertravelplansandexpectationsaheadoftime.Haveeachpersoncategorizeactivitiesorsightsinto“mustsee”“wanttosee”and“wouldgoifwehavetime”.Planaccordinglyandmakesureeveryonecanseesomeoftheirtopattractions.●Communicateandrespecteachother.Everyonehaspersonalpreferencewhentravelling—fromgettingthebedclosesttothebathroomtosittingintheairplane'swindowseat.Butsometimesthingsdon'tgoasyoulike.Inthiscase,shareyourrequirementsdirectlywithyourtravellingcompanions.38.DHaveaconversationwhenproblemsarise,forcommunicationisthekey.●Don'tdisappear.Whentravellingwithagroup—orevenjustoneotherperson—youmaywanttobealonesometime.That'scompletelyfine,butmakesureyourfriendsknowwhereyouareandhaveawayofcontactingyou.39.F●Getoffyourphone.Ofcourse,yourfriendswillunderstandifyouneedtotakeacallfromafamilymember,orintheeventofaworkemergency,butotherthanthat,trytostayoffyourphone.40.EAfterall,theappealofthistypeoftripistospendtimewithfriends.Justenjoyit!A．Giveeachothersomespace.B．Includeatleastoneactivityforeveryone.C．Andrememberthatconsiderationandrespectgoalongway.D．Atthesametime,listentotheirconcernsandberespectfulofthem.E．Don'trespondtonon­urgentworkcontactorsendmessagesfrequently.F．It'sespeciallytrueoftravellinginforeigncountriesorunfamiliarplaces.G．Soit'simportanttomakesureyouandyourfriendsareonthesamepage.文章大意：本文主要介绍了和朋友出行时保持良好关系的技巧——至少为每个人都包含一项活动、沟通与尊重对方、不要玩消失和放下手机。36．考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到和朋友出行可能会是一次极其令人惊喜的经历，也可能终结你们的友谊，空后一句表述这里有一些出行时和朋友保持良好关系的窍门，因此空处应表述出行时保持步调一致很重要。因此G项符合语境。37．考查段落主旨句。结合本段中的最后一句“Planaccordinglyandmakesureeveryonecanseesomeoftheirtopattractions.”可知，本段主要讲的是旅行计划中要包含一些每个人自己的首选旅游胜地。所以B项适合作本段的主旨句。38．考查上下文衔接。根据本段的主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是沟通与尊重对方。根据空前一句中的“shareyourrequirementsdirectlywithyourtravellingtocompanions”和语境可知，D项与此处匹配。这里表示与旅伴直接诉说要求的同时也要聆听他们的忧虑之处，尊重他们。39．考查上下文衔接。结合本段的主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是不要玩消失。结合空前一句中的“makesureyourfriendsknowwhereyouareandhaveawayofcontactingyou”和常识可知，F项符合语境。此处表述在外国和陌生的地方尤其要确保朋友知道你在哪里并能联系上你。40．考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲的是不要碰手机。结合空前一句中的“butotherthanthat,trytostayoffyourphone”和空后一句可知，E项符合语境。此处讲的是不要回复不紧急的信息，尽可能远离手机，毕竟这种旅行的吸引点就是和朋友们在一起。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(2021·山西省太原市高三期中)Themorningwasdarkandcold.Starstwinkleddownfromtheskyandahalf41.Bwasstillhangingthere.“Varrow,wakeup，”Grampswhispered,42.Cmegently,“It’sseaturtletime.”Irubbedmyeyesand43.Dmywayinthedark,dizzyandwoozy.Then,therepeated“seaturtletime”44.Bmecompletely.GrampsandI45.Courheavywaterproofbootsoverourpajamasandthrewrainjacketsonourshoulders46.A.Ipushedthefrontdooropenandranoutontothe47.D，Grampsnotfarbehind.There,Iheldmy48.B.Thousandsofbabyseaturtleswere49.Aoutontheendlessstretchofsandandracingtotheocean.Wetookintheamazingscene50.D.ButGrampsandIweren’ttherejusttowatch.Wehada51.A.52.C，wemadeourwaythroughthemessofbrokenshellsandthelittlelovelyseaturtlesto53.Dthosethatneededhelp.Soonenough,I54.Done.Ababyturtlewasflipped(翻转)onitsback,55.Ctorollovernomatterhowharditkickeditslegs.Reachingmyhanddown,Igentlypickedthefragilebabyupandflippeditoverandgotitrightbacktoits56.Ctotheocean.“Nicejob,Varrow.”Grampspattedmeontheshoulder,hiseyestwinklingandhismouthstretchingintoasmile.Ifeltarushofprideandbecameevenmore57.DbecauseofGramps’complimentforthenextfewhours.By7︰00,thelastseaturtleshadcrawledintothewaterandwefinallysatdownonthesoftsand，58.A.Wecouldn'tbemoresatisfiedwithourhardwork.Asthesunrosefromthehorizon,goldenbeamsofsunlightstretchingeveroutwardsontothedeep59.D.Thecolorfulworldwokeup.Whata60.Cforthoseintheirdeepsleep!Theymissedtheamazingnaturalgiftsrightundertheirnose.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章描述作者和他爷爷在天还没亮之前就出门帮助刚孵化的小海龟踏上回归海洋的路。41．A.sun B．moonC．ray D．shadow〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：星星在天上闪烁，一轮半月还挂在那里。A.sun太阳；B.moon月亮；C.ray光线；D.shadow阴影。分析句意，根据上文“Starstwinkleddownfromthesky”可知此处表示天上挂着一轮半月。故选B项。42．A.waving B．movingC．shaking D．observing〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：“瓦罗，醒醒，”爷爷低声说，轻轻摇我，“是海龟的时间了。”A.waving挥手；B.moving移动；C.shaking摇晃；D.observing观察，遵守，庆祝。分析题意，根据前文“Varrow,wakeup”可知，此时我还在睡觉。爷爷轻轻的把我摇醒。故选C项。43.A．felt B．pushedC．changed D．made〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：我揉揉眼睛，在黑暗中摸索着前进，头晕目眩。A.felt感觉；B.pushed推进；C.changed改变；D.made做出，制作。makeone’sway译为“前进”。此处是固定搭配。故选D项。44．A.covered B．awokeC．struck D．surrounded〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，重复的“海龟时间”彻底唤醒了我。A.covered覆盖；B.awoke唤醒；C.struck打击，罢工；D.surrounded围绕。分析题意，根据“then”和“completely”可知，此处表示的动作和前文不一样。前文表示作者“头晕目眩”故此处应表示完全“清醒”。故选B项。45．A.reliedon B．gaveawayC．pulledon D．kickedoff〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：爷爷和我在睡衣外面套上沉重的防水靴，匆匆把雨衣搭在肩上。A.reliedon依靠，依赖；B.gaveaway赠送，泄露；C.pulledon穿戴；D.kickedoff开始。分析句意，此处表示我们都“穿上”了防水靴。故选C项。46．A.hurriedly B．formallyC．awkwardly D．unwillingly〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.formally正式地；C.awkwardly笨拙地；D.unwillingly不乐意地。分析题意，根据后文“Ipushedthefrontdooropenandranoutontothe47”可知，此处表示很匆忙。故选A项。47．A.board B．boatC．square D．beach〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我推开前门，跑到海滩上，爷爷就在我后面不远的地方。A.board木板，董事会；B.boat船；C.square广场；D.beach沙滩。分析题意，根据后文“Thousandsofbabyseaturtleswere49outontheendlessstretchofsandandracingtotheocean.”可知，此处表示作者跑到沙滩上。故选D项。48．A.attention B．breathC．strength D．records〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我屏住了呼吸。A.attention注意；B.breath呼吸；C.strength力量；D.records记录。分析题意，根据后文“Thousandsofbabyseaturtleswere49outontheendlessstretchofsandandracingtotheocean.”可知，看到这么壮观的场面，作者屏住呼吸。holdone’sbreath译为“屏住呼吸”是固定搭配。故选B项。49．A.hatching B．breakingC．sleeping D．sliding〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：成千上万只小海龟在一望无际的沙滩上孵化，然后冲向大海。A.hatching孵化；B.breaking破坏；C.sleeping睡觉；D.sliding滑，移动。分析题意，根据后文“52，wemadeourwaythroughthemessofbrokenshells”可知，此处表示小海龟在海滩上孵化。故选A项。50．A.inresponse B．indetailC．inhorror D．inwonder〖解析〗考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们惊奇地欣赏了那令人惊叹的景象。A.inresponse作为回答；B.indetail详细的；C．inh