西班牙非法移民情况分析报告-外文版培训课件

POLITICS

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SOCIETYIllegalimmigrationinSpainCHAPTER

01OverviewNumberofimmigrantsarrivedbyseaandbylandinEuropebetweenJanuaryandAugust2023,bycountryoffirstarrivalNumberofimmigrantsarrivedbyseaandbylandinEurope2023,bycountryofarrivalByseaByland160,000140,000120,000100,00080,00060,00040,00020,0000134,16225,88725,10613,3764,188Cyprus3,001Greece90027118BulgariaItalySpainMalta3Description:BetweenJanuaryandAugust2023,theEuropeancountryregisteringthelargestnumberofmigrants'arrivalswasItaly.AsofOctober2,2023,134,162immigrantsreachedItalybysea.Spainhadthesecondlargestnumberofarrivalsbysea.GreeceandBulgariaweretheothertwocountriestorecordalsomigrants'arrivalsbyland.ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;2023*;*Spain:asofOctober1,2023Italy:asofOctober2,2023Malta:asofSeptember30,2023Greece:asofOctober1,2023Bulgaria:asofAugust31,2023Cyprus:asofAugust31,2023

ReadmoreSource(s):InternationalOrganizationforMigrationNumberofillegalborder-crossingsdetectedintheEuropeanUnionin2022,bycountryoforiginNumberofillegalborder-crossingtotheEU2022,bycountryoforiginNumberofborder-crossingsinthousands40,000

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60,000010,00020,00030,00070,00080,00090,000100,000110,000SyriaAfghanistanTunisia98,36036,03125,26021,966EgyptBangladeshMoroccoPakistanTürkiye17,53514,76412,76412,0879,421AlgeriaAllother76,1874Description:In2022,therewereapproximately331,000illegalbordercrossingsmadeatbordersoftheEuropeanUnion,withSyrian'sbeingthemostcommonnationality,at98,360.

ReadmoreNote(s):EU;2022Source(s):FrontexNumberofregularandirregularimmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainfrom2015to2023LegalandunauthorizedmigrantsthatarrivedinSpain2015-2023IrregularRegular1,400,0001,200,0001,000,000800,0001,258,894887,960748,795645,640600,000400,000200,0000532,132464,784414,746342,11464,29856,8522023*41,602202041,945202127,834201732,513201931,219202216,292201514,558201620185Description:In2022,thenumberofirregularmigrantsthatarrivedtoSpainwasapproximately31,200.ThemostcommonpointofentryforirregularmigrationarrivingbylandorseawastheCanaryIslands.

ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2015to2023*;*Thereisnodataavailablefortheregulararrivalofmigrantsin2023.DatahasbeencompiledbySource(s):INE(Spain);MinisteriodelInterior(España);usingthefollowingsources:EstadísticadeMigracionesyCambiosdeResidenciade2022,page4,and[...]

ReadmorePercentagechangeinthenumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorywithoutauthorizationbetween2016and2023PercentagechangeofirregularimmigrantsarrivinginSpain2016-2023160%140%120%100%80%60%40%20%0%131%91.19%82.1%29%-20%-40%-60%-10.6%2016-10.22%2022-25.6%2021-49.4%201920172018202020236Description:In2022,thenumberofimmigrantsarrivingillegallyinSpainwasaround10percentlowerthanin2021.However,in2023,thearrivalofillegalimmigrantsincreasedbymorethan82percent.2018wastheyearthatsawthelargestchange,withimmigrationincreasing131percentfromthepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2016to2023;landandseaarrivalsSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofirregularimmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainin2020,bycountryoforiginNumberofillegalimmigrantsarrivingtoSpain2020,bycountryoforigin9,0008,0007,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,00007,6443,9252,436Mali1,4641,282996924279258147AlgeriaMoroccoGuineaCoted'IvoreSenegalTunisiaSyriaCameroonOthercountries7Description:FromJanuarytoSeptember2020,thehighestnumberofillegalimmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainvialandandseacamefromAlgeria,withapproximately7,600people.TheimmigrantsfromMoroccoandMaliwerethesecondandthirdmostnumerousgroup,with3,900and2,400peopleleavingtheircountryofresidence,respectively.Whilemorethan41,000illegalimmigrantsreachedtheIberiancountryin2020,thisfigurerepresentsmerelyeightpercentofallimmigrantsthatarrived[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;JanuarytoSeptember2020;arrivalsbyseaandlandSource(s):UNHCRForeignpopulationresidinginSpainin2023,bynationalityForeignpopulationSpain2023,bynationalityForeignpopulation0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000800,000900,0001,000,000MoroccoRomaniaColombiaItaly893,953629,755453,911301,791UnitedKingdomVenezuelaChina284,037278,159219,929193,238172,045156,969125,792UkrainePeruHondurasGermanyFrance120,771120,034Ecuador8Description:Asrecordedbythesource,MoroccansrankedastheforeignnationalitywithmoreresidentsinSpainin2023,closelyfollowedbyRomanians.Afteryearsoflosingitsforeignpopulation,Spain’simmigrationfiguresstartedtopickupin2015,withthenumberofpeoplethatmovedtotheMediterraneancountrysurpassingthenumberofforeignersthatdecidedtoleave.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;January1st,2023Source(s):INE(Spain)CHAPTER

02ModesofentryPercentagechangeinthenumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybyseawithoutauthorizationbetween2016and2023PercentagechangeofirregularimmigrantsarrivinginSpainbysea2016-2023200170.8161.71501005092.375.453.70-2.1-27.92022-50-100-54.52019201620172018202020212023*10/statistics/1188355/percentage-change-of-irregular-immigrants-arriving-by-sea-spainIn2017,thenumberofimmigrantsthatarrivedillegallytoSpainbyseawas171percenthigherthanthepreviousyear.Bycontrast,thenumberofimmigrantsarrivingillegallythroughthisrouteincreasedbyabout92percentin2023comparedto2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2016

to2023;*Provisionaldata.ReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)MonthlynumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybyseawithoutauthorizationbetweenJanuary2018andDecember2023MonthlyirregularimmigrantsarrivinginSpainbysea2018-202320,00018,00016,00014,00017,65012,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,000011,0108,4687,8555,5774,7534,1044,1153,6563,4112,8512,8912,6952,4862,5312,1471,8501,6151,4001,3261,2581,205995735Jan

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2311Description:ThenumberofpeoplethatarrivedinSpainillegallybyseafluctuatedovertheperiodoftimeunderconsideration,peakinginOctober2023atapproximately18,000thousand.Incomparison,thenumberofirregularmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainbyseadroppedsignificantlythroughout2019andthebeginningof2020,pickingupattheendofthelater.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;January2018

toDecember2023Source(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofsmallboatsenteringSpanishterritorywithoutauthorizationbetween2017and2023IrregularsmallboatsarrivinginSpain2017-20232,5002,1942,1492,1092,0001,8171,7041,5001,2761,2171,00050002017201820192020202120222023*12/statistics/1187539/irregular-small-boats-arrivin-in-spainInSpain,thenumberofboatsthatenteredthecountryillegallywasaround1,200in2019,whichwasthelowestnumberofboatsinthestudyperiod.Incontrast,thenumberofsmallboatspeakedin2020at2,194.In2023,1,817boatshadarrivedinSpain.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2017to2023;*Provisionaldata.ReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofsmallboatsenteringSpanishterritorywithoutauthorizationin2023,bypointofentryIrregularsmallboatsarrivinginSpain2023,bypointofentry1,2001,0811,00080060040020056126160BalearicIslandsandpeninsularcoastsCanaryIslandsCeutaMelilla13Description:Accordingtothesource,thenumberofboatsthatenteredthecountryillegallyviatheCanaryIslandsin2023was561,whichwasthesecondhighestnumberofboatsaftertheBalearicIslandsandthepeninsularcoast.Only16smallillegalboatsarrivedinCeuta.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2023*;*FromtheJanuary1toDecember15,2023ReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybylandviaCeutaandMelillawithoutauthorizationbetween2017and2023IrregularimmigrantsarrivinginCeutaandMelilla,Spain,byland2017-20238,0006,8007,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,00006,3455,8632,28920221,84520211,71220201,2342017201820192023*14Description:ThenumberofpeoplethatarrivedinSpainillegallybylandthroughtheautonomouscitiesofCeutaandMelillafluctuatedovertheperiodoftimeunderconsideration,peakingin2018at6,800.ThenumberofirregularmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainbylandviaCeutaandMelillawasestimatedtobeapproximately1,234in2023.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2017

to2023;*Provisionaldata.**FromJanuary1toDecember15,2023.ReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)PercentagechangeinthenumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybylandwithoutauthorizationbetween2017and2022PercentagechangeofirregularimmigrantsarrivinginSpain,byland2017-202240%24.1%16%20%0%7.8%5.6%-6.7%-20%-40%-60%-80%-72.3%20202017201820192021*202215Description:In2022,thenumberofimmigrantsthatarrivedillegallyinSpainbylandwas24percenthigherthanthepreviousyear.Incontrast,thenumberofimmigrantsarrivingillegallyinthecountryfrom2019to2020wasaround72.3percentlower.

ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2017

to2022;*ThisfiguredoesnotincludearrivalsthattookplaceonMay17and18of2021,whenitisestimatedthatthousandsofmigrantscrossedthebordertoCeutaduetoadiplomaticincidentbetweenSpainandMorocco,[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)CHAPTER

03DestinationsNumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorywithoutauthorizationin2023,bypointofentryIrregularimmigrantsarrivingbylandorseainSpain2023,bypointofentry45,00039,91040,00035,00030,00025,00020,00015,00010,0005,000015,4351,135372CanaryIslandsMainlandcoastlineandBalearicIslandsCeuta*Melilla*17Description:In2023,thenumberofimmigrantsthatarrivedattheSpanishcoastlineorBalearicIslandsirregularlybyseaamountedtoover15,000,whichrepresentedthesecondmostcommonpointofentryofthestudy.Thatyear,1,135immigrantsarrivedinCeutairregularly.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2023;*LandandseaarrivalsReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybyseaviaBalearicIslandsandpeninsularcoastswithoutauthorizationbetween2016and2022IrregularimmigrantsarrivinginBalearicIslands,Spain,bysea2016-202260,00054,70350,00040,00030,00021,86320,61120,00010,000017,341202116,560202012,95520226,979201620172018*201918Description:ThenumberofpeoplethatarrivedinSpainillegallybyseathroughtheBalearicIslandsorpeninsularcoastsfluctuatedovertheperiodoftimeunderconsideration,havingitslowestpointin2016withlessthanseventhousandirregularimmigrants.Incontrast,thenumberofirregularmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainin2022wastoapproximately12,955.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2016

to2022;*NotconsolidateddataReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybylandviaMelillawithoutauthorizationbetween2016and2023IrregularimmigrantsarrivinginMelilla,Spain,byland2016-20236,0004,9844,8215,0004,0003,0002,0001,00003,8633,8181,42320201,17520221,092202116620162017201820192023*19Description:ThenumberofpeoplethatarrivedinSpainillegallybylandthroughthenorthernAfricancityofMelillaincreasedbetween2016and2019.ThenumberofirregularmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainbylandthroughMelillawasestimatedtobeapproximately116in2023,thelowestnumberoftheperiodunderconsideration.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2016

to2023;*Provisionaldata.ReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybyseaviaMelillawithoutauthorizationbetween2016and2023IrregularimmigrantsarrivinginMelilla,Spain,bysea2016-20231,00091889890080070060050040030020010006782061697051392016201720182019202020212022202320Description:ThenumberofpeoplethatarrivedinSpainillegallybyseathroughthisautonomouscityincreasedconsiderablythroughoutthefirsthalfoftheperiodoftimeunderconsideration.However,itplummetedafter2019,havingitslowestpointin2021withlessthan40irregularimmigrants.In2023,206immigrantsreachMelillairregularly.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2016

to2023Source(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybyseaviaCanaryIslandswithoutauthorizationbetween2015and2022IrregularimmigrantsarrivinginCanaryIslands,Spain,bysea2015-202225,00020,00015,00010,00023,27122,31615,6825,0002,6981,307875672425020152016201720182019202020212022*21Description:ThenumberofpeoplethatarrivedinSpainillegallybyseathroughthisautonomouscommunitypresentsgreatfluctuationsovertheperiodoftimeunderconsideration,havingitslowestpointin2017withlessthan450irregularimmigrants.ThenumberofirregularmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainbyseathroughCanaryIslandswasestimatedtobeapproximately15,682in2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2015

to2022;*Provisionaldata.ReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybylandviaCeutawithoutauthorizationbetween2016and2023IrregularimmigrantsarrivinginCeuta,Spain,byland2016-20232,5002,0982,0001,9792,0001,5001,0005001,3611,1141,0687532890201620172018201920202021*2022202322Description:ThenumberofpeoplethatarrivedinSpainillegallybylandthroughthenorthernAfricancityofCeutadecreasedovertheperiodoftimeunderconsideration,peakingin2016atalmost2,100.ThenumberofirregularmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainbylandthroughthiscitywasestimatedtobeapproximately1,068in2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2016

to2023;*ThisfiguredoesnotincludearrivalsthattookplaceonMay17and18of2021,whenitisestimatedthatthousandsofmigrantscrossedthebordertoCeutaduetoadiplomaticincidentbetweenSpainandMorocco,[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)NumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorybyseaviaCeutawithoutauthorizationbetween2016and2022IrregularimmigrantsarrivinginCeuta,Spain,bysea2016-20227006556005004003002001000570503441404257124201620172018201920202021202223Description:ThenumberofpeoplethatarrivedinSpainillegallybyseathroughthisautonomouscityreacheditslowestpointin2022withlessthan125irregularimmigrants.ThenumberofirregularmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainbyseathroughCeutawasestimatedtobeapproximately404in2021.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2016

to2022Source(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)CHAPTER

04UnaccompaniedminorsNumberofundocumentedandunaccompaniedminorsarrivedbyseainSpainfrom2014to2022NumberofunaccompaniedminorsarrivedbyseainSpain2014-2022Numberofchildren4,00001,0002,0003,0005,0006,0007,0008,0002014201520162017201820192020202120222234145882,3457,0262,8733,3073,0482,37525Description:In2018,thenumberofunaccompaniedandseparatedchildrenarrivedbyseainSpainexceededtheseventhousandchildren,whichrepresentedthelargestfigureofthestudyperiodandalmostfivethousandmorechildrenthanthepreviousyear.Thisnumberdecreasedbyapproximately2,375casesin2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2014to2022Source(s):Fiscal.esPercentagedistributionofundocumentedandunaccompaniedminorsregisteredinSpainin2022,bycountryoforiginShareofunaccompaniedminorsregisteredbycountryinSpain2022Guinea9.09%Others18.98%Morocco52%Algeria19.93%26Description:In2022,themajorityofunaccompaniedchildrenregisteredinSpainwhoarrivedatthecountrybyboatorothersimilarvesselscamefromMoroccowith52percentofthetotalcases.ThesecondlargestsharecamefromAlgeriawithalmost20percentofthetotalundocumentedminorsinSpain.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;December31st,2022;*UnaccompaniedminorsthatarrivedinSpainbyboatorotherfragilevessels.ValuescalculatedbySource(s):Fiscal.esReadmoreNumberofundocumentedandunaccompaniedminorsregisteredinSpainasof2021,byautonomouscommunityNumberofunaccompaniedminorsregisteredinSpain2021,byregionNumberofchildren05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,000CanaryIslandsAndalusiaCataloniaCeuta2,3991,9801,192921Others2,75727Description:Asof2021,thenumberofchildrenregisteredasunaccompaniedforeignchildren(MENA,byitsSpanishinitials)inCanaryIslandsreachedover2,300children,whichrepresentedthehighestnumberofthestudyperiod.

ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2021Source(s):ElForodeCeutaTotalnumberofunaccompaniedforeignminorsunderthesupervisionofthechildprotectionsysteminSpainin2022,byaccommodationtypeandgenderUnaccompaniedforeignminorsbyaccommodationandgenderinSpain2022FemaleMale6,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,00005,016541143168FosterhomeFosterfamily28/statistics/1029497/unaccompanied-foreign-minors-by-type-and-gender-in-spainAccordingtothesource,thevastmajorityofunaccompaniedminorsin2022inSpainweremaleandstayedinfosterhomes,withapproximately5,016cases.Mostofthefemaleminorswerealsoaccommodatedinfosterhomes,with541casesthatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2022;ProvisionaldataSource(s):MinistryofHealth,SocialServicesandEquality;ObservatoriodelaInfanciaCHAPTER

05UndocumentedmigrationmanagementNumberofdeportationsandreturnsofundocumentedimmigrantsinSpainfrom2010to2022NumberofdeportationsandreturnsofirregularmigrantsinSpain2010-2022DeportationsReturns14,00012,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,0000201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202230Description:Ofthe3,642repatriationscarriedoutinSpainin2022,morethanhalfweredeportations+.Itisworthmentioningthatthenumberofreturnsexperiencedareboundfrom2015,whilethenumberofexpulsionsfollowedtheoppositetrend.

ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2010to2022Source(s):MinisteriodelInterior(España)Percentagedistributionofundocumentedmale,femaleadultsorchildrenimmigrantsthatarrivedinSpainin2023Illegalmigration:shareofmen,womenorchildrenthatarrivedinSpain2023Children5.3%Women4.95%Men89.75%31Description:In2023,almost90percentofmigrantswhoarrivedillegallythroughSpain'ssouthernborderweremaleadults.Undocumentedarrivalsofminorsaccountedforapproximatelyfivepercentofallcases,whereaswomenaccountedanotherfivepercentofthetotalnumberofirregularimmigrants.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2023Source(s):AsociaciónProDerechosHumanosdeAndalucíaShareofirregularimmigrantsinimmigrationdetentioncentersinSpainin2022,bynationalityShareofillegalimmigrantsindetentioncentersinSpain2022,bynationalityShareofmigrants30%0%10%20%40%50%60%70%MorrocoArgelia57.18%16.49%ColombiaSenegalAlbaniaChileGeorgia5.39%3.57%3.01%2.38%1.59%DominicanRepublicRomania1.27%0.71%0.56%0.56%0.48%0.48%ParaguayPerúuArgentinaHonduras32Description:In2023,MoroccoandAlgeriawerethecountrieswiththemostirregularimmigrantsregisteredinimmigrationdetentioncentersinSpain.Somuchsothatmorethan70percentofthetotalnumberofdetaineesinCIEcentersthatyearcamefromoneofthesetwocountries.ReadmoreNote(s):Spain;2022Source(s):DefensordelPueblo(España)CHAPTER

06DeathsandmissingpeopleNumberofforeignersenteringSpanishterritorywithoutauthorizationreporteddeadormissingbetween2014and2023IrregularmigrantsdeadormissingintransittoSpain2014-20233,0002,5002,0002,7892,1261,9011,7171,5001,00050001,064201858529524919513120142015201620172019202020212022202334Description:ThenumberofdeceasedormissingimmigrantsenroutetoSpainhasexperiencedadramatici