2024年贵州省黔东南州黄平县中考一模英语试题（解析版）

2024年黄平县初中学业水平模拟测试英语试卷第一部分完形（共两节，满分16分）第一节（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分）阅读下面一篇短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。A.takesB.butC.withoutD.anE.whoF.simplyG.giveWhenmostpeoplehearofacharityaskingforadonation,theyprobablywonderhowmuchmoneytheycangive.Butmoneyisnottheonlythingyoucandonate—yourtimecanbejustasvaluable.Takemygrandmotheras___1___example.Sheworksasateacher.MostofherfreetimeisspentindoingvoluntaryworkinthelocalOxfam(乐施会)shop.OneofmyneighborsspendsMondaymorningsdrivingelderlypeopletothehospitalforfree.Therearesomepeople___2___donatetheirlivestohelpinglessluckypeopleabroad.Ofcourse,theygetpaidalittle,___3___nowherenearasmuchastheycouldearndoingtheirjobsathome.Ifyou’vegotsparemoney,thenmakingadonationisnottoomuchtrouble.You___4___dropsomecoinsinacollectionbox,buythingsfromcharityorganizationsormakeonlinepayments.Itnever___5___morethanafewminutes.Givingawayyourtimeforfreeisdifferentanditisagoodwaytoshowyourdedication(奉献)tocharity.Charitiesdependonkindpeopleand___6___them,thegoodworkthattheydowouldnotgetdone.Whetheritisyourtimeoryourmoney,mostcharitiesarealwayshappytoaccepteither.【答案】1.D2.E3.B4.F5.A6.C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲的是捐赠，当很多人会想到捐钱时，了解到花费时间参与慈善活动也是一种很好的捐赠方式。【1题详解】句意：以我祖母为例。根据文中“Takemygrandmotheras…example.”及备选词可知，处泛指一个例子，应用不定冠词；又因example的发音以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an。故选D。【2题详解】句意：有一些人献出了自己的生命来帮助国外不太幸运的人。根据文中“Therearesomepeople…donatetheirlivestohelpinglessluckypeopleabroad.”及备选词可知，句子为定语从句，先行词是somepeople，且空处在从句中充当主语，who符合题意。故选E。【3题详解】句意：当然，他们的工资很低，但远不及他们在家工作所能挣的钱。根据文中“Ofcourse,theygetpaidalittle…nowherenearasmuchastheycouldearndoingtheirjobsathome.”及备选词可知，空格前后两个句子为转折关系，并列连词but“但是”符合语境。故选B。【4题详解】句意：你只需将一些硬币简单地放入收集箱，从慈善组织购买物品或在线支付。根据文中“You…dropsomecoinsinacollectionbox,buythingsfromcharityorganizationsormakeonlinepayments.”及备选词可知，空处指的是简单地放入硬币，空处应用副词修饰动词drop，simply“简单地”符合语境。故选F。【5题详解】句意：它永远不会超过几分钟。根据文中“Itnever…morethanafewminutes.”及备选词可知，花费时间应用动词take，句子时态为一般现在时，主语It，第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式，takes“花费”符合题意。故选A。【6题详解】句意：慈善事业依赖于善良的人，没有他们，他们所做的善事就无法完成。根据“Charitiesdependonkindpeopleand…them,thegoodworkthattheydowouldnotgetdone.”及备选词可知，此处指的是没有善良的人们，他们做的好事也无法完成。without“没有”符合题意。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenonedoorshuts,anotheropens.SrikanthBollawasbornblindina___7___familyinIndia.Peopleusuallythinkthedisabledkidsareuseless.However,Srikanth’s___8___lovedhimsomuchandtheyencouragedhimtodreambig.Ashisparents___9___,hemadehisdreamcometrue.Nowthe29-year-oldboyistheCEOofBollantIndustries,abigcompany.Ofcourse,gettingtherewasnoteasy.Srikanthwasblind,sohehadtofacemany____10____.Whenhestudiedinprimaryschool,thestudentsdidn’t____11____him.Noonewantedtostaywithhim.Soheoftenspentthewholedayalone.Heoftenfelt____12____andhethoughtitwastheworsttimethathehadeverhadinhislife.Later,hewassenttoaspecialschool.Theyoungboysoon____13____tothetopofhisclass,winningmanyprizesafterenteringthenewschool.Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,Srikanth____14____BollantIndustries.Inthebeginning,itwasareallysmallcompany.Injustfouryears,itbecamea____15____companywithmanyfactoriesandhundredsofworkers.Srikanthattributes(把……归因于)hissuccesstohisparents.Thoughtheywereuneducatedandpoor,hisparentsencouragedSrikanthtogoafterhisdream.Srikanthsays____16____,“Iftheworldsays,‘Srikanth,youcandonothing,’IwillsayIcandoeverything.”7.A.rich B.poor C.large8.A.classmates B.teachers C.parents9.A.performed B.knew C.hoped10.A.difficulties B.advantages C.mysteries11.A.choose B.expect C.accept12.A.excited B.tired C.lonely13.A.rose B.added C.served14.A.praised B.started C.refused15.A.new B.public C.big16.A.proudly B.quickly C.quietly【答案】7.B8.C9.C10.A11.C12.C13.A14.B15.C16.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Srikanth从一个被人认为没用的人，通过父母的鼓励、自己的努力克服重重困难，最终获得成功。【7题详解】句意：SrikanthBolla出生在印度一个贫穷的家庭，双目失明。rich富有的；poor贫穷的；large大的。根据“Thoughtheywereuneducatedandpoor”可知，出生贫穷，故选B。【8题详解】句意：然而，Srikanth的父母非常爱他，他们鼓励他要有远大的梦想。classmates同学；teachers老师；parents父母。根据“lovedhimsomuchandtheyencouragedhimtodreambig”可知，父母鼓励他，故选C。【9题详解】句意：正如他父母所希望的那样，他实现了自己的梦想。performed表演；knew知道；hoped希望。根据“hemadehisdreamcometrue”可知，正如父母的期望一样，故选C。【10题详解】句意：Srikanth是盲人，所以他必须面对许多困难。​difficulties困难；advantages优势；mysteries神秘。根据下文内容可知，面临很多困难，故选A。【11题详解】句意：当他在小学学习时，学生们不接受他。choose选择；expect期待；accept接受。根据“thestudentsdidn’t”可知，学生不接受他，故选C。【12题详解】句意：他经常感到孤独，他认为这是他一生中最糟糕的时光。excited兴奋的；tired劳累的；lonely孤独的。根据“Soheoftenspentthewholedayalone.”可知，他感到孤独，故选C。【13题详解】句意：这个小男孩进入新学校后很快就成为班里的尖子生，赢得了许多奖项。rose提高；added增加；served服务。根据“tothetopofhisclass”可知，上升到班级前几名，故选A。【14题详解】句意：大学毕业后，斯里坎斯创办了BollantIndustries。praised赞扬；started开始；refused拒绝。根据“Inthebeginning,itwasareallysmallcompany.”可知，创办了BollantIndustries，故选B。【15题详解】句意：在短短四年的时间里，它成为了一家拥有许多工厂和数百名工人的大公司。new新的；public公共的；big大的。根据“Inthebeginning,itwasareallysmallcompany.”可知，从小公司变成大公司，故选C。【16题详解】句意：Srikanth自豪地说:“如果世界说，‘Srikanth，你什么都做不了’，我会说我什么都能做。”proudly自豪地；quickly快速地；quietly安静地。根据“Iftheworldsays,‘Srikanth,youcandonothing”可知，自豪地说，故选A。第二部分阅读（共三节，满分44分）第一节（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）阅读下面三个语篇,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项。AHowmuchdoyouknowaboutthefollowingbridgesinChina?Allofthemareworthavisit.Followmeandlearnmoreaboutthem.WuhanYangtzeRiverBridgeItisafamousbridgeacrosstheYangtzeRiver.TheworkersbegantobuilditinSeptember,1955.ItwascompletedinOctober,1957.It’sadouble-deck(双层的)bridge.NanjingYangtzeRiverBridgeIt’salsoadouble-deckbridge.Theupper(上层的)roadisaslongas4,589meters.Thelowerrailwayis6,772meterslong.Twotrainscancrossthebridgeintwodifferentdirectionsatthesametime.SiduheBridgeItliesinHubeiProvince,connectingYichangCitywithEnshiCity.Itisthesecond-highestbridgeintheworld.Theworkersbegantobuilditin2004.Thewholebridgeis1,100meterslong.TheFirstBeipanRiverBridgeAsthehighestbridgeintheworld,itconnectsYunnanProvinceandGuizhouProvince.Thebuildingprojectlastedabout3years.PeoplebegantouseitattheendofDecember,2016.Itisaslongas1,341.4meters.It’sregarded(认为)asabridgeabovetheclouds.17.HowlongdidittaketheworkerstobuildWuhanYangtzeRiverBridge?A.Aboutoneyear. B.Abouttwoyears. C.Aboutthreeyears.18.Accordingtothetext,whichbridgeisthesecond-highestbridgeintheworld?A.SiduheBridge. B.TheFirstBeipanRiverBridge. C.WuhanYangtzeRiverBridge.19.WhendidpeoplebegintousetheFirstBeipanRiverBridge?A.Atthebeginningof1955. B.Attheendof1957. C.Attheendof2016.20.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Sport. B.Travel. C.Health.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了武汉长江大桥、南京长江大桥、四渡河大桥和北盘江第一桥的相关情况。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据WuhanYangtzeRiverBridge介绍中的“TheworkersbegantobuilditinSeptember,1955.ItwascompletedinOctober,1957”可知，建造武汉长江大桥花费了大约两年的时间。故选B。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据SiduheBridge介绍中的“Itisthesecond-highestbridgeintheworld”可知，它是世界上第二高的桥。故选A。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据TheFirstBeipanRiverBridge介绍中的“PeoplebegantouseitattheendofDecember,2016”可知，人们于2016年年底开始使用北盘江第一桥。故选C。【20题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了武汉长江大桥、南京长江大桥、四渡河大桥和北盘江第一桥的相关情况，且根据文章第一段中的“Allofthemareworthavisit”可推知，我们有可能在一本杂志的旅游部分读到这篇文章。故选B。BSupposeyouwritethesentence:ImustrunorI’llmissthelastbus.Youarenotfullysatisfiedwithitbecausetheword“run”isnotenoughtodescribehowrushedyoufeel.Butwherecanyoufindamoresuitableword?Inasituationlikethis,youmightneedathesaurus(同义词词典).Itcanhelpyoufindthemostsuitablewordtoexpressyourideas.Asforthesentenceabove,“fly”mightbeabetterchoicethan“run”:ImustflyorI’llmissthelastbus.Withthehelpofathesaurus,youcaneasilyimproveyourwriting.However,youmustbecarefulwhenyouareusingathesaurus.Onlyafewwordsarefreelyinterchangeable(可交换的).Taketheword“good”asanexample.Ifyoulookup“good”inathesaurus,youwillgetwordslike“superb”and“acceptable”.However,“agoodmeal”isdifferentfrom“asuperbmeal”or“anacceptablemeal”.“Asuperbmeal”isfarbetterthanyouwouldhaveexpected.“Anacceptablemeal”isnotbad,butit’snotgoodenough.JustasMarkTwainoncesaid,“Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmostrightwordisthedifferencebetweenlightningandalightningbug(萤火虫).”You’dbetterhaveanEnglishdictionaryonhandwheneveryouareusingathesaurus.Carefullystudyawordbeforeyouuseitinyourwriting.Itwillbeeasiertounderstandyourpointifyouuseawidevarietyofwords.Itwillmakeyourwritingmoreinteresting.Itwillalsohelpyoucommunicatewithyouraudiencemoreclearly.Aslongasyouuseitproperly,athesauruscanbeagreattool.21.Theword“fly”inthesentence“ImustflyorI’llmissthelastbus”mostprobablymeans“________”.A.tomoveorgoveryquickly B.tomovewiththehelpofwings C.totravelinaplane22.MarkTwain’swordsinParagraph3areusedtosupporttheideathat______.A.onlyafewwordsarefreelyinterchangeableB.somewordsarefunnierthanotherwordsC.manyEnglishwordshavedoublemeanings23.Beforeweuseawordinathesaurus,thewritersuggeststhatweshould______.A.findoutitsChinesemeaningB.lookitupinanEnglishdictionaryC.askourEnglishteachersforhelp24.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoimproveyourwritingB.Differentwords,samemeaningC.Athesaurus,agreattool【答案】21.A22.A23.B24.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了同义词词典的使用方法及其在写作中的重要性。【21题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文“Youarenotfullysatisfiedwithitbecausetheword‘run’isnotenoughtodescribehowrushedyoufeel.”及“‘fly’mightbeabetterchoicethan‘run’”可知，“fly”描述你感到多么匆忙，A选项“动作快或者走得快”符合。故选A。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据“Onlyafewwordsarefreelyinterchangeable(可交换的).Taketheword“good”asanexample.”及“JustasMarkTwainoncesaid,‘Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmostrightwordisthedifferencebetweenlightningandalightningbug(萤火虫).’”可知，马克·吐温的话是为了支持“只有少数词是可以自由互换的”这个观点。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“You’dbetterhaveanEnglishdictionaryonhandwheneveryouareusingathesaurus.Carefullystudyawordbeforeyouuseitinyourwriting.”可知，作者建议在使用同义词词典中的词之前，应该查阅英语词典。故选B。【24题详解】最佳标题题。根据“Aslongasyouuseitproperly,athesauruscanbeagreattool.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了同义词词典的使用方法及其在写作中的重要性，因此最佳标题是“同义词词典，一个伟大的工具”。故选C。CChina’svirtual(虚拟的)humanindustryhasbeendevelopingrapidlyinrecentyears.Althoughthevirtualhumansarenotreal,theyserveindifferentfieldsintoday’ssociety,includingeducation,entertainmentandbusiness.OnOctober14th,2022,ChinaDailyreleasedavideoofitsdigitalemployee(员工)Yuanxi.Inthevideo,thisyoungandactivevirtualgirlinvitedpeopletoexploretherockartwithahistoryof9,000years.InadressofChinesestyle,sheintroducedtheoldstonecarvingsoftheHelanMountainsinNingxia.Later,sheshowedupagainonthewebsite,invitingpeopletojoinherjourneybackintimeto3,000-plusyearsagoandlookforthesourceofChinesecharacters.ThroughouttheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,China’sfirstAIsignlanguagehostserveddeafpeoplearoundtheclock.ThevirtualhostwasproducedbyXilingplatform,whichwasbuiltbyaChinesetechnologycompany.TheplatformprovidesacompletesetofservicesforthecreationandoperationofvirtualhumansinvariousfieldssuchastelevisionandtheInternet.IthasalsoworkedincooperationwithShanghaiPudongDevelopmentBank,ChinaEverbrightBankandChinaUnicomtolaunchadigitalhumantoimproveworkingefficiencyandreducelaborcosts.ThetotalsizeofChina’svirtualhumanmarketisexpectedtoreach270billionyuanby2030,accordingtoanindustryreport.25.WhatdidYuanxiintroduceonOctober14th,2022accordingtothetext?A.Chinesecharacters. B.Theoldstonecarvings. C.Thevirtualhumans.26.AccordingtoParagraph2,whoisprobablyYuanxi?A. B. C.27.Accordingtothetext,Xilingplatformcan________.A.producevirtualhumans B.reduceworkingefficiency C.buildatechnologycompany28.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethevirtualhumans?A.Creative. B.Serious. C.Helpful.【答案】25.B26.C27.A28.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了中国虚拟人产业的快速发展。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“InadressofChinesestyle,sheintroducedtheoldstonecarvingsoftheHelanMountainsinNingxia.”可知，Yuanxi在2022年10月14日介绍了古老的石刻。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“InadressofChinesestyle,sheintroducedtheoldstonecarvingsoftheHelanMountainsinNingxia.”可知，Yuanxi穿着中式服装。选项C图片符合描述。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThevirtualhostwasproducedbyXilingplatform,whichwasbuiltbyaChinesetechnologycompany.TheplatformprovidesacompletesetofservicesforthecreationandoperationofvirtualhumansinvariousfieldssuchastelevisionandtheInternet”可知，Xiling平台可以生产虚拟人。故选A。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据“TheplatformprovidesacompletesetofservicesforthecreationandoperationofvirtualhumansinvariousfieldssuchastelevisionandtheInternet.”及“launchadigitalhumantoimproveworkingefficiencyandreducelaborcosts”可知，虚拟人帮助提高工作效率和降低劳动力成本，所以很有帮助，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。Whatthingsmakeyouletoutalaugh?Therearemanythingsthatmakeuslaugh.___29___Wedoitbecausewefindsomethinghumorousoritmaybesimplybecausewe’rejustingoodheart!Scientistshavebeenlookingatwhywedoitandwhatgooditdoes.___30___Whenwedoit,wemakeverystrangenoises.Mostofthetimeourlaughtercaneasilyinfluenceothers.ScientistSophieScottsaidthatit’s“asocialemotion(情绪)”.Sheintroducestwokindsoflaughter.Oneiscalledspontaneous(自发的)laughter,whichmeanswelaughuncontrollablyassoonaswehearorseesomething.___31___Ithappenswhenwetalkandlaughtogetherwithfriends.Researchfoundpeoplelaughseventimesforeverytenminutesofconversation.Aprogrammeexaminedthescienceoflaughter.Itfoundweuselaughtertoshowothersthatwe’replayfulandfriendly.___32___Also,peopleoutsideofoursocialgroupcanunderstandtherelationshipbetweenthelaughersbythesoundofourlaughter.Whileourhealthisnolaughingmatterresearchhasfoundgoodlaughtercanhelpourbodyandmind.Itcanmakeusfeelgoodandrelaxed.___33___That’swhylaughtertherapy(疗法)isbeingusedasakindoftreatment.Butgenerally,ourabilitytolaughisoutofourcontrol.Whenyoustartdoingit,justletithappennaturallyandotherswilljoinin.A.Thelaughtercanmakeusfeelbeingneeded.B.Theotheriscalledconversationallaughter.C.Thisnaturalactionshowsthatwearehappy.D.Laughterisaverycommonwayofmakingsounds.E.Italsohelpsusmanagepainandimproveourhealth.F.Thisservestoformandbuildupsocialrelationships.【答案】29.C30.D31.B32.F33.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要谈论了笑对我们有好处以及我们笑的原因。【29题详解】根据上文“Therearemanythingsthatmakeuslaugh.”以及下文“Wedoitbecausewefindsomethinghumorousoritmaybesimplybecausewe’rejustingoodheart!”可知，有许多事情使我们发笑，我们这样做是因为我们发现了一些幽默的东西，或者我们心情很好!空处可能是关于发笑的原因，C选项“这种自然的行为表明我们很快乐”符合语境。故选C。【30题详解】根据“Whenwedoit,wemakeverystrangenoises.”可知，此处是在说我们这样做的时候会发出奇怪的声音。D选项“笑是一种非常常见的发声方式”符合语境。故选D。【31题详解】根据上文“Sheintroducestwokindsoflaughter.Oneiscalledspontaneouslaughter...assoonaswehearorseesomething.

”以及下文“Ithappenswhenwetalkandlaughtogetherwithfriends.”可知，她介绍两种笑声，这里说了一种，空处应该说另外一种，B选项“另一种叫做对话式笑声”符合语境故选B。【32题详解】根据“Itfoundweuselaughtertoshowothersthatwe’replayfulandfriendly.”可知，笑声可以向他人展示我们的友好。F选项“这有助于形成和建立社会关系”符合语境。故选F。【33题详解】根据“That’swhylaughtertherapyisbeingusedasakindoftreatment”可知，那就是是笑被当做一种治疗方法的原因，空处应该说笑对于治疗疾病的用处，E选项“它还有助于我们控制疼痛，改善健康状况”符合语境。故选E。第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空。(每空不超过3个词)Nowadays,todealwithclimatechange(气候变化),onewaydiscussedwidelyiscarboncapture(碳捕获).ItreferstothetechnologythatcancutdownCO2intheair.CarboncapturetechnologyisusedtocollectCO2thatisgivenoffbyfactories.Forexample,itcanbefittedtocoal-burningpowerstationsandfactoriestocapturetheCO2beforeitisgivenoff.ThecapturedCO2canthenbeliquefied(使液化)andstoredunderground.Besides,thetechnologycanalsobeusedtocollecttheCO2thathasalreadygoneintotheair.ThenhowcanwedealwiththeCO2wecapture?Properuseistrulyimportant.Itcannotonlyhelpcreatemarketsforthisnewtechnology,butalsomakeitcheaperforcompaniestouse.Atpresent,CO2isusedingreenhousestogrowvegetables.CO2canevenbeusedtomakeusefulproducts,suchasplastics,buildingmaterials,andpaints.Carboncaptureisconsideredtobealotofhelp.However,therearemanyproblemsontheway.There’s50billiontonsofCO2goingouttotheairfromcarsandfactorieseveryyear.Butevenagreatnumberofcarboncapturemachinesnowcancaptureonlyafewtonsofit.ThethicknessofCO2intheopenairismuchlessthanthatinthepowerstationsorfactories,makingitmuchlessefficient(效率高的)tocaptureCO2.Becauseofthis,thecostofusingcarboncapturemachinescanbeveryhightoday.So,it’shardtomakearealdifferenceinfightingclimatechangenow.Butitwillbeimprovedquicklyandwillbecomecheaperandmoreefficient.CarboncaptureMainpartsDetailedinformationIntroductionCarboncapturereferstothetechnologythatcanbeusedtodealwith___34___bycuttingdownCO2intheair.WhatkindofCO2willbecaptured?TheCO2ofthecoal-burningpowerstationsandfactoriesbeforeitisgivenoffTheCO2thathasbeen___35___.HowtodealwiththeCO2wecapture___36___cannotonlyhelpcreatemarketsforcarboncapture,butalsomakeCO2cheaperforcompaniestouse.Growvegetablesingreenhouses.Makeusefulproducts.ProblemsCarboncapturemachinesnoware___37___tocaptureCO2.UsingcarboncapturemachinestodealwithCO2can___38___today.Itisbelievedthatthetechnologywillbecomecheaperandmoreefficient.【答案】34.climatechange35.intheair36.UsingCO2properly37.notefficientenough38.beveryexpensive【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一种应对气候变化的技术——碳捕获技术。【34题详解】根据“Nowadays,todealwithclimatechange(气候变化),onewaydiscussedwidelyiscarboncapture(碳捕获).”可知，碳捕获技术是用来应对气候变化的。故填climatechange。【35题详解】根据“Besides,thetechnologycanalsobeusedtocollecttheCO2thathasalreadygoneintotheair.”可知，碳捕获技术也可以用来收集已经进入空气中的二氧化碳。故填intheair。【36题详解】根据“Properuseistrulyimportant.Itcannotonlyhelpcreatemarketsforthisnewtechnology,butalsomakeitcheaperforcompaniestouse.”可知，正确使用二氧化碳不仅可以帮助创造市场，还可以使其对公司来说更便宜。“properuse”可转换为useCO2properly，此处动词名词using作主语，句首首字母大写，故填UsingCO2properly。【37题详解】根据“ThethicknessofCO2intheopenairismuchlessthanthatinthepowerstationsorfactories,makingitmuchlessefficient(效率高的)tocaptureCO2.”可知，碳捕获机器现在捕获二氧化碳的效率较低。故填notefficientenough。【38题详解】根据文章中的“thecostofusingcarboncapturemachinescanbeveryhightoday”可知，使用碳捕获机器的成本现在非常高。故填beveryexpensive。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据中文意思,补全英语译文。（每空限填一词,缩写算一词）39.请不要在阅览室里大声说话。________________loudlyinthereadingroom.【答案】①Don’t②.speak【解析】【详解】分析句子可知，空处缺少“不要(大声)说话”，此处是祈使句的否定形式：don’t+动词原形；speakloudly“大声说话”，固定表达。故填Don’t；speak。40.如果你有问题，你应该尽量自己去解决它们。Ifyouhaveproblems,youshouldtry________________thembyyourself.【答案】①.to②.solve【解析】【详解】根据汉语提示及“Ifyouhaveproblems,youshouldtry…thembyyourself.”可知，空处指的是尽力做某事，其英文表达为trytodosth，固定短语，solve“解决”，不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填to；solve。41.政府正在为避免浪费食物而付出更多努力。Thegovernmentismakingmoreeffortsto________________food.【答案】①.avoid②.wasting【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“避免浪费”的英文表达。avoiddoingsth.意为“避免做某事”，avoidwasting意为“避免浪费”；根据“makingmoreeffortsto”可知，考查makeeffortstodosth.“努力做某事”，所以填动词原形。故填avoid；wasting。42.要打败一个永远不放弃的人是很难的。It’shardtobeatapersonwhonever________________.【答案】①.gives②.up【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“放弃”的英文表达。giveup意为“放弃”；根据“apersonwhonever”可知，此处为定语从句，who指代先行词“aperson”，所以填动词第三人称单数形式gives。故填gives；up。43.贵州的北盘江大桥是多么壮观啊！________________BeipanjiangBridgeisinGuizhou!【答案】①.How②.great##wonderful【解析】【详解】great/wonderful“壮观的”，此处强调的中心词是形容词，用“How+adj+主谓！”句型表示，故填How；great/wonderful。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。Didpeopleeattakeout(外卖食品)inancientChina?Whendidpeopleordertakeoutforthe___44___(one)time?Infact,therewastakeoutasfarbackastheSongDynasty.Accordingtothehistorybooks,EmperorXiaozong___45___(like)toordertakeoutlateatnight.Hisservantswentaroundthecitytopickupthedishesandbrought___46___(they)backtothepalace.Ordinarypeoplealsoorderedtakeout.Restaurant___47___(waiter)wouldwalkaroundthestreetsandyell(吆喝)outwhichdishescouldbeorderedthatday.Peoplecouldthenplaceanorder.Later,delivery(递送)workerswouldbringfood___48___theirhomes.InthefamouspaintingAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival,which___49___(paint)intheSongDynasty,atakeoutworkercanbeseenmakingadeliverywithfoodinhishand.Butin___50___past,deliveryworkersdeliveredfoodonfoot.Ittookalongtimeandthefoodwouldgetcold___51___(easy).Youmightwonderhowtheycouldkeepdisheswarm.Actually,peopleatthattimekeptthefoodwarmfora___52___(long)timethanwethink.Theyusedaspecialplatemadeoftwolayersofporcelain(两层瓷)_____53_____hotwatercouldbeputbetweenthemtokeepdisheswarm.【答案】44.first45.liked46.them47.waiters48.to49.waspainted50.the51.easily52.longer53.and【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代的外卖情况。【44题详解】句意：人们什么时候订了第一份外卖