广东署山市南海区2025届高三英语摸底测试试题含解析

PAGEPAGE30广东省佛山市南海区2025届高三英语摸底测试试题（含解析）本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页。满分135分。考试用时120分钟。留意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等信息填涂在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。其次部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhenItellpeopleIattendedanall-girlsschoolsinceage4,I'mmetwithexpressionsofeitherconfusion,shock,curiosityorsomecombinationofthethree.Igetthesameresponses:Why?Wasithorrible?Buthowdidyoumeetboys?Contrarytowhatmanypeopleimmediatelyassume,judgingfromtheirlooksofsympathy,Ireallyenjoyedgoingtoanall-girlsschool.Goingtoasingle-sexschoolshapedmeinmanyvaluablewaysandallowedmetobuildamazingfriendships.Whenitcomestosingle-sexeducation,Irejecttheideathatbeinginasingle-sexenvironmentmakesoneunabletointeractwithmembersoftheoppositesexlaterinlife.Contrarytothispopularbelief,everyoneIknewatmyschoolandothersingle-sexschoolsnotonlyknewhowtointeractsmoothlywithmembersoftheoppositesex,buttheywerealsoabletoformactualfriendshipswiththosepeopleoutsideofschooltime.Althoughthemajorityofmyclosefriendsweregirls,Ididn'tgetawayfromtheoutsideworld.Beinginasingle-sexenvironmentalsoencouragedmetomakemorefriendsoutsideofschool.Theseexperiencesgavemeinvaluableskills,manyofwhichIhaveusedinmyfirstfewweekshereatStanfordinmakingfriendsandbuildingrelationships.Anothercommonbeliefaboutall-girlsschoolsinparticularisthepresenceofunfriendlybehaviorbetweenstudents.Thereareunavoidablyconflictsinallschoolsatsomepoints,butInevernoticedaconnectionbetweensingle-sexschoolsandmuchdisagreement.Iwouldsaythatconflictsdon'tdependonwhetheryou'reatasingle-sexornot,butratheronthepersonalitiesofthepeopleyousurroundyourselfwith.IwillbeforevergratefulfortheexperiencesIhadandtherelationshipsIformedinmyall-girlsschoolenvironment,butI'mequallysohappytobewhereIamnow,experiencingnewthingseverydayandgrowingmoreandmoreintheprocess.1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraphl?A.Leadintothetopic.B.Askreaderssomequestions.C.Summarizepeople'sresponses.D.Providebackgroundinformation2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thispopularbelief”inparagraph3referto?A.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan’tmakenewfriends.B.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'tgetalongwellwithothers.C.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'thavetherightconceptofsex.D.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'tcommunicatewiththeoppositesex.3.Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausesconflictsinschools?A.Single-sexenvironment. B.Disagreement.C.People'scharacter. D.Mixed-sexenvironment.4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofall-girlsschools?A.Theyhavebeautifulenvironment.B.Theyhavemorefriendlystudents.C.Theyarebetterthanordinaryschools.D.Theyofferstudentsvaluableexperiences.【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过讲解并描述自己在女校的经验和收获来回答并证明白单一性别的环境并不会给人们带来那些常见的困惑，反而会让在单一性别环境里成长的人有更多更好的经验，为他们今后的生活学习供应有效的帮助。【1题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“WhenItellpeopleIattendedanall-girlsschoolsinceage4,I'mmetwithexpressionsofeitherconfusion,shock,curiosityorsomecombinationofthethree.Igetthesameresponses:Why?Wasithorrible?Buthowdidyoumeetboys?（当我告知别人我从4岁起就进入了一所女子学校时，他们的表情要么是困惑，要么是震惊，要么是新奇，要么三者兼而有之。我得到同样的回答:为什么?这是可怕的吗?但是你是怎么相识男孩的?）”可知作者从小就读女校，常常会被提问一样的问题，针对这些问题，作者在全文讲解并描述了在女校的经验和感受对这些疑问进行回复和说明，可知第一段的内容是引入文章的主题，故选A。【2题详解】短语揣测题。依据文章第三段第一句“Whenitcomestosingle-sexeducation,Irejecttheideathatbeinginasingle-sexenvironmentmakesoneunabletointeractwithmembersoftheoppositesexlaterinlife.（说到单性别教化，我不认为在一个单性别的环境中会使一个人在以后的生活中无法与异性交往。）”结合代词“this（这种）”可知“thispopularbelief”指的是在单性别学校的学生无法与异性交往这种想法，故选D。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段最终一句“Iwouldsaythatconflictsdon'tdependonwhetheryou'reatasingle-sexornot,butratheronthepersonalitiesofthepeopleyousurroundyourselfwith.（我想说的是，冲突并不取决于你是否是处于单一性别（环境中）的人，而是取决于你四周的人的特性。）”可知作者认为冲突的主要缘由是四周人的性格，故选C。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据文章其次段最终一句“Goingtoasingle-sexschoolshapedmeinmanyvaluablewaysandallowedmetobuildamazingfriendships.（去一所单性别学校在很多方面塑造了我，并让我建立了很棒的友情。）”；第三段最终一句“Theseexperiencesgavemeinvaluableskills,manyofwhichIhaveusedinmyfirstfewweekshereatStanfordinmakingfriendsandbuildingrelationships.（这些经验给了我珍贵的技能，其中很多我在来到斯坦福的最初几周在结交挚友和建立人际关系时就用到了。）”以及最终一段“IwillbeforevergratefulfortheexperiencesIhadandtherelationshipsIformedinmyall-girlsschoolenvironment,butI'mequallysohappytobewhereIamnow,experiencingnewthingseverydayandgrowingmoreandmoreintheprocess.（我将恒久感谢我在女校的经验和人际关系，但我也同样为现在的我感到兴奋，每天体验新事物，并在这个过程中越来越成长。）”可知作者在女校的经验和收获都是特别有价值的，因此可推断作者认为女校会给学生供应有价值的经验。故选D。BCaliforniaresearchershavefoundthatoxygenlevelsandwatertemperaturesplayakeyroleinthehealthofdeep-seafishpopulations.ScientistsstudiedfishontheflooroftheGulf（海湾）ofCalifornia."Thisisanexampleofsomeofthevideothatweareanalyzingforthisresearch,"saidNatalyaGallo,apost-doctoralresearcherattheScrippsInstitutionofOceanography.ShepointedtoavideotakenalongtheseafloorontheGulfofCalifornianeartheMexicancoast.Thefilmcamefromaremotelycontrolledsubmarine.Researchersusetheunderwatertooltocalculatetheinfluenceofawarmingoceanonfish.“Thereallybigquestionthatwe'retryingtoanswerishowsensitivedeep-seacommunities（群落），andingeneraloceancommunitiesaregoingtobetothesechanges,”Gallosaid.Galloandtheotherresearchersontheteamstudiedthenortherngulf,whichisclosertonormaloceanconditionsandthesoutherngulf,whichhasoneoftheplanet'smostextremelowoxygenoceanzones.Thefindingswillhelpscientistsunderstandchangesinotherplaces.Astheoceangetshotter,thewarmerwaterisnotcapableofholdingthesameamountofoxygen."Weknowthatoxygenisdecliningintheoceanglobally,"saidLisaLevin,aScrippsInstitutionofOceanography,biologicaloceanographer."Andthatthereallylowoxygenzones,oxygenminimumzonesareexpandingastheoceanwarms."Scientistsalreadyexpectcertainoutcomesfromclimate-relatedchanges."Thebodysizeofanimalswillgetlowerastheoceanwarmsandtheoxygendeclinesandoverall,theoceanswillbecomelessproductive,"Levinsaid.TheresearchfindingsarepublishedinthecurrenteditionoftheJournalMarineEcologyProgressSeries.5.WhatisthepurposeofGallo'sresearch?A.Tomeasurethetemperatureofseawater.B.Toshowthebodyconditionofdeep-seafish.C.Tocalculatetheamountofoxygeninthesea.D.Toevaluatetheeffectofoceanwarmingonfish.6.Whydoresearchersstudythesoutherngulf?A.Ithasnormaloceanconditions. B.Ithasspecialoceanzones.C.Ithasarelativelymildclimate. D.Ithasvariouskindsoffish.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Themethodsofprotectingthesea.B.Theinfluenceofthewarmeroceans.C.Thestepsofinvestigatingtheocean.D.Thecausesofthewarmingofseawater.【答案】5.D6.B7.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章一项探讨表明，氧气水平和水温对深海鱼类种群的健康起着关键作用。随着海洋变温煦氧气的削减，动物的体型会变小，海洋生产力会降低。5题详解】细微环节理解题。由第三段“Researchersusetheunderwatertooltocalculatetheinfluenceofawarmingoceanonfish.“Thereallybigquestionthatwe'retryingtoanswerishowsensitivedeep-seacommunities（群落），andingeneraloceancommunitiesaregoingtobetothesechanges,”Gallosaid.”（探讨人员运用水下工具来计算海洋变暖对鱼类的影响。加洛说：“我们试图回答的一个大问题是深海生物群落和海洋群落对这些改变——海洋变暖——的敏感程度。）可知，加洛的探讨目的是为了知道/评估海洋变暖对鱼类的影响。故选D项。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。由第四段中的“Galloandtheotherresearchersontheteamstudiedthenortherngulf,whichisclosertonormaloceanconditionsandthesoutherngulf,whichhasoneoftheplanet'smostextremelowoxygenoceanzones.”（加洛和探讨小组的其他探讨人员探讨了接近正常海洋条件的北部海湾和拥有地球上最极端低氧海洋区之一的南部海湾。）可知，探讨人员要探讨南部海湾是因为它有特别的海洋区域，即最极端低氧海洋区。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由最终一段“Scientistsalreadyexpectcertainoutcomesfromclimate-relatedchanges."Thebodysizeofanimalswillgetlowerastheoceanwarmsandtheoxygendeclinesandoverall,theoceanswillbecomelessproductive,"Levinsaid.TheresearchfindingsarepublishedinthecurrenteditionoftheJournalMarineEcologyProgressSeries.”（科学家们已经预期气候改变会带来某些结果。”莱文说：“随着海洋变温煦氧气的削减，动物的体型会变小，总的来说，海洋的生产力会降低。”。这项探讨结果发表在最新一期《海洋生态学进展系列》杂志上。）可知，海洋变暖，动物体型会变小，海洋生产力会降低，这是讲海洋变暖带来的影响，所以本段主要讲海洋变暖的影响。故选B项。CIfyou'relikemanypeople,youmayhavedecidedthatyouwanttospendlesstimestaringatyourphone.It'sagoodidea:anincreasingbodyofevidencesuggeststhatthetimewespendonoursmartphonesisaffectingoursleep,self-respect,relationships,memory,attention,creativity,productivityandproblemsolvinganddecision-makingskills.Untilnow,mostdiscussionsofphones'biochemicaleffectshavefocusedondopamine(多巴胺)，abrainchemicalthathelpsusformhabits.Smart-phonesandappsaredesignedtocausedopamine'srelease,withthegoalofmakingourphonesdifficulttoputdown.Butourphones'effectsoncortisol（皮质醇）arepotentiallyevenmorealarming.Cortisolisourprimaryfight-or-flighthormone.Itsrelease（释放）causesourbodies'changes,suchasajumpinbloodpressure,heartrateandbloodsugar,thathelpusreacttoandsurviveacutephysicalthreats.Butbyraisinglevelsofcortisol,ourphonesmaybethreateningourhealthandshorteningourlives.TheaverageAmericanspendsfourhoursadaystaringattheirsmart-phoneandkeepsitwithinarm'sreachnearlyallthetime,accordingtoatrackingappcalledMoment.Theresult,asGooglehasnotedinareport,isthat"mobilephonesloadedwithsocialmedia,emailandnewsapps"create"aconstantsenseofcommitmentbringingunintendedpersonalstress.""Yourcortisollevelsareincreasedwhenyourphoneisinsightornearby,orwhenyouhearitoreventhinkyouhearit,"saysDavidGreenfield,professorattheUniversityofConnecticutSchool."It'sastressresponse,anditfeelsunpleasant,andthebody'snaturalresponseistowanttocheckthephonetomakethestressgoaway."Butwhiledoingsomightcomfortyouforasecond,itprobablywillmakethingsworseinthelongrun.Anytimeyoucheckyourphone,you'relikelytofindsomethingelsestressfulwaitingforyou,leadingtoanotherincreaseincortisolandanotherdesiretocheckyourphonetoyouranxietygoaway.Thiscycle,whencontinuouslystrengthened,leadstoincreasedcortisollevels,whichhavebeentiedtoanincreasedriskofserioushealthproblems,includingdepression,obesity,highbloodpressure,heartattackandsoon.8.Whatphone-relatedeffectisdopamineresponsiblefor?A.Memoryloss. B.Increasedmentalstress.C.Abehavioraladdiction. D.Poorsleepquality.9.Whatcanweinferaboutcortisolaccordingtothetext?A.Itsdecreasewillimproveheartrate.B.Itsreleasewilllowerbloodpressure.C.Itsreleasehasnobenefitsforhumans.D.Itsincreaseisrelatedtopersonalstress.10.Whatmaybefurthertalkedaboutafterthelastparagraph?A.Waystomakephoneslessstressful.B.Benefitsofreducingdopaminelevels.C.Reasonswhycortisollevelsareincreased.D.Badresultsofcheckingphonesfrequently.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Technology. D.Education.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了，智能手机和应用程序会让多巴胺释放，影响皮质醇，威逼我们的健康。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。由其次段中的“Smart-phonesandappsaredesignedtocausedopamine'srelease,withthegoalofmakingourphonesdifficulttoputdown.”（智能手机和应用程序的设计目的是让多巴胺释放，目的是让我们的手机难以放下。），可知多巴胺释放让人难以放下手机，说明多巴胺释放会让人对手机成成瘾——行为成瘾。故选C项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。由倒数其次段“"Yourcortisollevelsareincreasedwhenyourphoneisinsightornearby,orwhenyouhearitoreventhinkyouhearit,"saysDavidGreenfield,professorattheUniversityofConnecticutSchool."It'sastressresponse,anditfeelsunpleasant,andthebody'snaturalresponseistowanttocheckthephonetomakethestressgoaway."”（康涅狄格高校的教授大卫·格林菲尔德说：“当你的手机在你的视线中或旁边，或者当你听到甚至以为你听到时，你的皮质醇水平就会增加。”这是一种压力反应，感觉很不舒适，身体的自然反应就是想检查一下手机，让压力消逝。”），可知有压力反应，皮质醇水平就会增加，所以皮质醇的增加与个人压力有关。故选D项。【10题详解】推理推断题。由最终一段“Butwhiledoingsomightcomfortyouforasecond,itprobablywillmakethingsworseinthelongrun.Anytimeyoucheckyourphone,you'relikelytofindsomethingelsestressfulwaitingforyou,leadingtoanotherincreaseincortisolandanotherdesiretocheckyourphonetoyouranxietygoaway.Thiscycle,whencontinuouslystrengthened,leadstoincreasedcortisollevels,whichhavebeentiedtoanincreasedriskofserioushealthproblems,includingdepression,obesity,highbloodpressure,heartattackandsoon.”（但这样做可能会让你感到劝慰，但从长远来看，这可能会让事情变得更糟。任何时候你想查看手机，你会发觉有压力的事等着你，导致皮质醇的另一个增加和另一个检查手机来让你的焦虑消逝的欲望。这个周期，当不断加强时，会导致皮质醇水平上升，而皮质醇水平与严峻健康问题的风险增加有关，包括抑郁、肥胖、高血压、心脏病发作等等。），可知看手机会让人觉得有压力，导致皮质醇再次上升和再次看手机的欲望，这会增加严峻的健康问题风险，因此为了让人们爱护健康，作者在下一段可能讲削减手机压力的方法。故选A项。【11题详解】推理推断题。由其次段中的“Smart-phonesandappsaredesignedtocausedopamine'srelease,withthegoalofmakingourphonesdifficulttoputdown.”（智能手机和应用程序的设计目的是让多巴胺释放，目的是让我们的手机难以放下。），第三段中的“Butbyraisinglevelsofcortisol,ourphonesmaybethreateningourhealthandshorteningourlives.”（但是通过提高皮质醇水平，我们的手机可能会威逼我们的健康，缩短我们的寿命。），最终一段中的“Thiscycle,whencontinuouslystrengthened,leadstoincreasedcortisollevels,whichhavebeentiedtoanincreasedriskofserioushealthproblems,includingdepression,obesity,highbloodpressure,heartattackandsoon.”（这个周期，当不断加强时，会导致皮质醇水平上升，而皮质醇水平与严峻健康问题的风险增加有关，包括抑郁、肥胖、高血压、心脏病发作等等。），可知本文主要讲智能手机和应用程序会让多巴胺释放，影响皮质醇，威逼我们的健康，本文可能在报纸的“健康”版面出现。故选B项。DImaginethis:youwalkintoworkandthecameraabovethedoorsscansyourface,openingthemautomaticallywithoutyouliftingafinger.Oh,butyouneedtoruntothechemist'satlunch.Youwalkuptoacamera,andyourprescription（药方）isdepositedinfrontofyou.Afterwork,youlookatyourfaceinthemirror,anditremindsyoutowearsun-creamthenextday.Soundsprettygood,right?Nowimaginethis:whenyouarewalkingdownthestreet,apairofpolicemenpulltheirgunsandtellyoutodroptotheground.Afterseveraldaysinjail,theyletyouknowyouweremisidentifiedasaviolentcriminalontheloose.Regardlessofyourinnocence,you'reinthesystem.Nowwhereveryougo,camerasthatcaptureyouwillalertpolicetowatchoutforyou.Evenworse,asyouenterstores,thefacialrecognitionsystemletsthestaffknowarecentlyarrestedindividualhasenteredthebuilding.Doesn'tsoundsogood?Asfantasticalaseitherofthosepicturesmightseem,it'squitepossiblethatthiswillbethefuturewe'reheadedtowards.The"benefits"ofthetechnologyarealreadybeingimplementedbyairlines,asseenbyJetBlueAirways.Ratherthanscanningaboardingpassorhandingoverapassport,yousimplystareintoacameraandyou'reidentified.Thisdoessavetimeandmakeprocessesthebestpossible,butitraisesthequestion:doyouhavetherighttoyourownface?Whoisresponsiblefortheprotectionofthisinformation?CanIevenremovemyfacefromthisdatabaseandjustgotheold-fashionedway?Wehumanshavethenever-endingneedtomakethingssmoother,betterandfaster.Thisdesirehashelpeddrivetheremarkableprogresswehaveachievedasasociety.However,it'stimetotakeastepbackandasksomenecessaryquestions.Weneedtodiscusswhetherweactuallyneedtheextensiveuseoffacialrecognitiontechnologyandhowtoensurelawenforcement(执行)doesn'tabusethistechnology.Ifweactnow,Ibelievewecansucceedinpreventingtechnologycompaniesfrominfiltrating（潜入）everyaspectofourlives.Ifwedon't,though,Ifeartheworst.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fantastical"probablymean?A.Unreal. B.Optimistic. C.Reasonable. D.Unbearable.13.Whatisthedownsideoffacialrecognitiontechnology?A.Inequalityofrights. B.Disorderofsociety.C.Violationofprivacy. D.Denialofresponsibility.14.Whatmaybetoblameforthenegativeeffectoffacialrecognitiontechnology?A.Improperenforcementoflaws. B.People'slackofawareness.C.Ignoranceofthetechnology. D.Companies'pursuitofprofit.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdowelivesafelywithfacialrecognitiontechnology?B.Arewepreparedfortheuseoffacialrecognitiontechnology?C.Whatwillthefuturebelikewithoutfacialrecognitiontechnology?D.Canwepreventthedevelopmentoffacialrecognitiontechnology?【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.B【解析】这是一篇争论文。文章探讨了我们是否真的须要广泛运用面部识别技术这一问题。【12题详解】词义揣测题。由第三段中的“it'squitepossiblethatthiswillbethefuturewe'reheadedtowards”（很有可能这就是我们要走向的将来），可知这两张照片中的场景是将来可能的场景，现在是不存在的，所以它们看起来不真实，fantastical在此处意为“Unreal（不真实的）”。故选A项。【13题详解】推理推断题。由第三段中的“Thisdoessavetimeandmakeprocessesthebestpossible,butitraisesthequestion:doyouhavetherighttoyourownface?Whoisresponsiblefortheprotectionofthisinformation?CanIevenremovemyfacefromthisdatabaseandjustgotheold-fashionedway?”（这的确节约了时间，并使过程尽可能地最佳化，但它提出了一个问题：你有权面对自己的脸吗？谁负责爱护这些信息？我甚至可以从这个数据库中删除这张脸，然后按老方法来吗？），可知面部识别技术让人质疑人们自己是否有权看自己的脸、谁负责爱护这些人脸信息，自己能否删除数据库中的人脸，得出面部识别技术可能会侵扰隐私，让人们对自己的脸没有自主权。故选C项。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。由最终一段中的“Weneedtodiscusswhetherweactuallyneedtheextensiveuseoffacialrecognitiontechnologyandhowtoensurelawenforcement(执行)doesn'tabusethistechnology.”（我们须要探讨我们是否真的须要广泛运用面部识别技术，以及如何确保执法部门不会滥用这项技术。），可知面部识别技术侵扰隐私的缺点是因为执法部门可能会滥用这项技术。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。第一二段讲“面部识别技术运用在将来生活中可能的场景”，第三段讲“面部识别技术侵扰隐私的缺点”，第四段讲“是否真的须要广泛运用面部识别技术”，可知本文主要讲我们是否真的须要广泛运用面部识别技术，B项“我们打算好运用面部识别技术了吗？”为短文的最佳标题。故选B项。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Oneofourmostfirmlyestablishedideasofmasculinity（男子气概）isthatmendon'tcry.Althoughhemightweepbittertearsatafuneral,arealmanisexpectedtoquicklyregaincontrol.Sobbingopenlyisforgirls.Buthistoricalandliteraryevidencesuggeststhat,inthepast,notonlydidmencryinpublic,butnoonesawitasweakorshameful.___16___InwrittenrecordsoftheMiddleAges,wefindoneambassadorrepeatedlyburstingintotearswhenaddressingPhiliptheGood,andtheentireaudienceatapeaceconferencethrowingthemselvesontheground,sobbingandweepingastheylistentothespeeches.Stillmoreremarkably,there'snomentionofthemeninthesestoriestryingtoholdbackorhidetheirtears.Noonepretendstohavesomethinginhiseye.___17___Theycryinacrowdedhallwiththeirheadsheldhigh.___18___Themostobviouspossibilityisthatthisshiftistheresultofchangesthattookplaceaswemovedfromafeudal（封建的），agriculturalsocietytoonethatwasurbanandindustrial.IntheMiddleAges,atypicalvillagehadonly50—300inhabitants,mostofthemrelatedbybloodormarriage.Ifmencried,theydidsowithpeoplewhowouldempathize.Butfromthe18ththroughthe20thcenturies,thepopulationbecameincreasinglyurbanised.___19___Furthermore,changesintheeconomyrequiredmentoworktogetherinfactoriesandofficeswhereemotionalexpressionandevenprivateconversationwerediscouragedastime-wasting.Yethumanbeingsweren'tdesignedtoswallowtheiremotionsandthere'sreasontobelievethatholdingbacktearscanbeharmfultoyourwell-being.Researchfromthe1980shassuggestedarelationshipbetweenaperson'srateofstress-relatedillnessesandinadequatecrying.___20___Astudyhasfoundthatincountrieswherepeoplecrythemost,theyalsoreportthehighestlevelsofsatisfaction.Soitmightbetimetoreturntothefree-flowingtearsofthepast.Whenmisfortunestrikes,letusall—menandwomen—jointogetherandcryuntiloursleevesaresoaked.A.Sowheredidallthemaletearsgo?B.Noonemakesanexcusetoleavetheroom.C.Soon,peoplewerelivinginthemidstofthousands-ofstrangersD.Weepingisalso,contrarytoallexpectations,correlatedwithhappiness.E.Thequestionremainswhetherinadequatecryingisharmfulorbeneficial.F.Infact,maleweepingwasregardedasnormalformostofrecordedhistory.G.Despitetheconsiderableevidence,mencan'texpressfeelingsfreelybyanymeans.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.C20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。分析了为什么古代男人哭而现在男人不哭的缘由，告知我们不要压抑自己，抑制眼泪对健康有害．【16题详解】上文“Buthistoricalandliteraryevidencesuggeststhat,inthepast,notonlydidmencryinpublic,butnoonesawitasweakorshameful.但历史和文学证据表明，在过去男性不只在公共场合哭，而且没有人认为这是懦弱可耻的”与F.Infact,maleweepingwasregardedasnormalformostofrecordedhistory.（事实上，在大部分历史记载上，男性哭都被看作是正常的）承接自然，上文提到没人认为男性在公共场合哭是懦弱可耻的，下文进一步补充说明历史上把男性哭看作是正常的。故选F。【17题详解】上文“Noonepretendstohavesomethinginhiseye.没有人假装自己的眼里有东西”与B.Noonemakesanexcusetoleavetheroom.（没有人找借口离开房间）承接自然。上下文句式一样，且都说明白古代男性不用掩饰自己的眼泪。此外，noone是关键词。故选B。【18题详解】下文“Themostobviouspossibilityisthatthisshiftistheresultofchangesthattookplaceaswemovedfromafeudal（封建的），agriculturalsocietytoonethatwasurbanandindustrial.最明显的可能是，这种转变是我们从一个封建农业社会过渡到城市和工业社会所发生的改变的结果。”与A.Sowheredidallthemaletearsgo?（那么，男性的眼泪去了哪儿呢？）承接自然，下文回答了选项所提出的问题。故选A。【19题详解】上文“Butfromthe18ththroughthe20thcenturies,thepopulationbecameincreasinglyurbanized.但从18世纪至20世纪，人口日益城市化”与C.Soon,peoplewerelivinginthemidstofthousands-ofstrangers（很快，人们就生活在成千上万的生疏人中间了）承接自然。选项陈述内容是人口日益城市化的结果，且people可对应上文的population。故选C。【20题详解】下文“Astudyhasfoundthatincountrieswherepeoplecrythemost,theyalsoreportthehighestlevelsofsatisfaction.一个探讨已经发觉，在人们哭得多的国家，他们的满足度也最高”与D.Weepingisalso,contrarytoallexpectations,correlatedwithhappiness.（出乎全部人的意料，哭泣也和华蜜有关）承接自然，下文用科学探讨结果证明白“哭泣也和华蜜有关”，且happiness可对应上文的satisfaction。故选D。【点睛】第三部分语言学问及运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnasteamyJulydayinBayonetPoint,Florida,GeneWorkandhisbrother-in-law,MarkRouco,wereresodding(重铺草皮)Gene’syard.Ithadgrownbrowninthe___21___andthehomeowners’associationhad___22___togiveaheavyfineifthesituationwasn’t___23___.Thenewsodwassittinginthedriveway,butthejobwas___24___.Gene,then40,wasn’tfeeling___25___.Hewentinsidetotakea___26___andfellonthesofa,holdinghischesttightly.Hiswife,MelissaWork,called911___27___．___28___hewasstaringdowndeath,Genehadonethingonhismind:thatlawn(草坪).Ifthesodwasn’tputdownthatday,itwould___29___,“Whilehewashavinghisheartattack,literallyinandoutofconsciousness,hekept____30____metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogoto____31____,”MelissawroteinaFacebookpost.SoonPascoCountyFireRescuearrivedandtookGeneandMelissatothe____32____,leavingRoucobehindtodealwiththe____33____.Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovethe____34____grass.Hewasabouttolaythenewsod,whichhe____35____wouldtakehimwellintothenight,whentwoemergencyvehiclesappeared.Sevenmen,the____36____oneswhohadtreatedhisbrother,gotout.Theyhad____37____tohelpbecauseGenehadtoldthemhowbadlyhe'dwantedtogetthesoddown.The____38____wasdoneinundertwohours.____39____,Genehadsurgeryinhisheart,easingapotentiallydeadlyblockage.He’shomenow,fullyrecoveredandenjoyinghisbeautifullawn.“Thesemen,”Melissatoldtampabay,“savedGene’slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass.That’sjustso____40____.”21.A.dampness B.heat C.shadow D.warmth22.A.expected B.offered C.threatened D.encouraged23.A.worsened B.understood C.reviewed D.improved24.A.fast-changing B.low-paying C.slow-going D.well-rewarding25.A.right B.excited C.lonely D.afraid26.A.shower B.break C.picture D.walk27.A.quickly B.occasionally C.personally D.suddenly28.A.Asthough B.Nowthat C.Ifonly D.Eventhough29.A.disappear B.die C.grow D.fade30.A.ordering B.begging C.helping D.inviting31.A.pieces B.seed C.waste D.service32.A.hospital B.garden C.firestation D.Internetcompany33.A.car B.house C.road D.yard34.A.old B.muddy C.narrow D.soft35.A.promised B.feared C.advocated D.admitted36.A.extra B.educated C.same D.wounded37.A.agreed B.avoided C.returned D.refused38.A.operation B.survey C.experiment D.job39.A.Meanwhile B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore40.A.challenging B.coincident C.inspiring D.awesome【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.C25.A26.B27.A28.D29.B30.B31.C32.A33.D34.A35.B36.C37.C38.D39.A40.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了40岁的吉恩在修正自家草皮的时候，身体不适被送往医院，但是他心里照旧担忧新草皮的铺设问题，为此曾经救助过吉恩的七个人再次返回他家中，帮他铺设好了草皮。吉恩的妻子赞扬了他们的行为。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：燥热的天气里，它已经变成了褐色，业主协会威逼说，假如这种状况得不到改善，将赐予重罚。A.dampness潮湿；B.heat高温；C.shadow阴影；D.warmth暖和。依据上文“OnasteamyJulyday”可知，天气燥热。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：燥热的天气里，它已经变成了褐色，业主协会威逼说，假如这种状况得不到改善，将赐予重罚。A.expected预期；B.offered供应；C.threatened威逼；D.encouraged激励。依据后文“togiveaheavyfine”可知，业主协会是在威逼他们，说假如不处理好这块草皮，将会罚款。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：燥热的天气里，它已经变成了褐色，业主协会威逼说，假如这种状况得不到改善，将赐予重罚。A.worsened恶化；B.understood理解；C.reviewed复习；D.improved改善。结合上文“togiveaheavyfineifthesituationwasn’t”可知，此处为条件状语从句，表示“假如这种状况得不到改善，就会赐予重罚”。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：新的草皮放在车道上，但工作进展缓慢。A.fast-changing快速改变的；B.low-paying低薪的；C.slow-going缓慢的；D.well-rewarding酬劳丰厚的。依据上文“Thenewsodwassittinginthedrivewayontourpallets,butthejobwas”可知，but表示转折，表明虽然新的草皮已经买好了放在了车道上，但是工作进展仍旧很缓慢。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时40岁的吉恩感觉不舒适。A.right正确的；B.excited激烈的；C.lonely孤独的；D.afraid胆怯 的。结合后文“holdinghischesttightly”可知，吉恩当时感觉不舒适。feelright表示“感觉良好”。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他走进去想休息一下，却倒在沙发上，紧紧地捂着胸口。A.shower淋浴；B.break休息；C.picture图片；D.walk漫步。依据后文“andfellonthesofa,holdinghischesttightly”可知，吉恩当时感觉不舒适，所以是走进屋里想休息一下，takeabreak“休息”。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的妻子，梅丽莎·沃克，快速拨打了911。A.quickly快速地；B.occasionally间或；C.personally亲自地；D.suddenly突然。上文提到吉恩捂着胸口，身体不舒适，他的妻子所以快速拨打了911。故选A。【28题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：尽管他在死神的凝视下，但吉恩脑子里想的只有一件事：那块草坪。A.Asthough似乎；B.Nowthat既然；C.Ifonly只要；D.Eventhough尽管。此处为让步状语从句，表示“尽管他在死神的凝视下”应用eventhough。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：假如那天不把草皮放下来，它就会死掉。A.disappear消逝；B.die死亡；C.grow生长；D.fade褪色。依据常识，草皮假如当天不铺设好，在燥热的天气里就会死掉。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在他心脏病发作的时候，他始终求我把草皮放下来，因为他不想让它白白奢侈，”梅丽莎在脸书上写道。A.ordering吩咐；B.begging乞讨；C.helping帮助；D.inviting邀请。依据后文“metohaveitputdown”可知，吉恩请求妻子把草皮放下来，it指的是那块新草皮。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在他心脏病发作的时候，他始终求我把草皮放下来，因为他不想让它白白奢侈，”梅丽莎在脸书上写道。A.pieces块，片；B.seed种子；C.waste奢侈，废物；D.service服务。上文提到假如草皮当天不放下来就会死掉，就奢侈了，所以吉恩是因为不想奢侈草皮，才请求妻子把草皮放好的。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，帕斯科县的消防队赶到了现场，把吉恩和梅丽莎送到了医院，留下Rouco处理院子。A.hospital医院；B.garden花园；C.firestation消防站；D.Internetcompany网络公司。依据倒数其次段中“Genehadsurgeryinhisheart,easingapotentiallydeadlyblock