必修第一册　Unit 4　Natural Disasters-2025英语大一轮复习讲义人教版

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．tornadon．(pl.-oesor-os)龙卷风；旋风2．droughtn．旱灾；久旱3．landsliden．(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡4．tsunamin．海啸5．volcaniceruption火山喷发6．magnituden．(地)震级；重大7．evacuatevt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离8．helicoptern．直升机9．crackn．裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂10．brickn．砖；砖块11．metaln．金属12．unifyvi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体13．volcanon．(pl.-oesor-os)火山14．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出15．typhoonn．台风16．hurricanen．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风17．whistlevi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt.吹口哨n．哨子(声)；呼啸声18．kitn．成套工具；成套设备19．firstaidkit急救箱Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．disastern．灾难；灾害2．slidevi.&vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动3．floodn．洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没4．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援5．damagevt.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失6．destroyvt.摧毁；毁灭7．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动8．sheltern．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)9．gasn．气体；燃气；汽油10．ruinn．&vt.破坏；毁坏11．percentn．百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中12．trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱13．effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力14．contextn．上下文；语境；背景15．supplyn．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给16．tapvi.&vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲17．pipen．管子；管道18．emergencyn．突发事件；紧急情况19．calmadj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静20．aidn．援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.(formal)帮助；援助21．crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞击n．撞车；碰撞22．sweepvt.&vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫23．waven．海浪；波浪vi.&vt.挥手；招手24．strikevi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n．罢工；罢课；袭击Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．deathn．死；死亡→deadadj.死的→deadlyadj.致命的→diev．死亡2．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→shockingadj.令人震惊的→shockedadj.感到震惊的3．electricityn．电；电能→electricadj.电的；用电的→electronicadj.电子的4．buryvt.埋葬；安葬→burialn．埋葬；葬礼5．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn．呼吸→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的6．revivevt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revivaln．振兴；复苏7．wisdomn．智慧；才智→wiseadj.明智的→unwiseadj.不明智的8．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→sufferingn．痛苦→sufferern．患者；受难者9．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivaln．幸存；生存→survivorn．幸存者；生还者10．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerfuladj.强有力的；有影响力的→powerlessadj.无力的11．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→deliveryn．投递；送交12．summaryn．总结；概括；概要→summaris(z)evt.&vi.总结；概括13．effectn．效果；结果；影响→effectiveadj.有效的14．lengthn．长；长度→longadj.长的→lengthenv．(使)变长1．breeze/briːz/n．微风；和风；轻而易举的事vt.轻盈而自信地走2．becomejadedwith对……感到厌倦3．endow/In'daʊ/vt.捐赠；资助4．array/ə'reI/n．大量；大群；阵列vt.布置；排列5．thread/θred/n．线；思路；线状物vt.&vi.穿(针)；穿过6．beam/biːm/n．光线；束；梁vi.&vt.照射；发光；发热7．weave/wiːv/vt.&vi.(wove/wəʊv/orweaved，woven/'wəʊvn/orweaved)编织；编纂；编造8．web/web/n．蛛网；网络，错综复杂的事物9．prey/preI/n．猎物；受害者vt.捕食；欺凌；敲诈10．deliberately/dI'lIbərətli/adv.故意；蓄意；从容不迫地→deliberate/dI'lIbərət/adj.故意的；蓄意的vi.&vt.深思熟虑Ⅳ.背核心短语1．asif似乎；好像；仿佛2．inruins严重受损；破败不堪3．inshock震惊；吃惊4．intheopenair露天；在户外5．onhand现有(尤指帮助)6．sweepaway消灭；彻底消除7．refusetodosth拒绝做某事8．asusual像往常一样9．cometoanend告终；结束10．thenumberof……的数量Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(too...to...)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。2．Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！(asif引导的虚拟语气)仿佛世界末日即将来临！3．Water，food，andelectricitywerehardtoget.(主语＋be＋adj.＋todo)没有水和食物，电也停了。4．Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(thosewho...)地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。5．Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday，killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，andatleastfourothercountries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和其他至少四个国家的6500多人死亡。6．Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.(bedoing...when...正在做……突然……)当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)1．tornadon．龙卷风；旋风2．droughtn．旱灾；久旱3．tsunamin．海啸4．helicoptern．直升机5．crackn．裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂6．brickn．砖；砖块7．metaln．金属8．unifyvi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体9．hurricanen．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风10．whistlevi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt.吹口哨n．哨子(声)；呼啸声Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共18分)1．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援2．destroyvt.摧毁；毁灭3．ruinn．&vt.破坏；毁坏4．trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱5．disastern．灾难；灾害6．effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力7．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动8．supplyn．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给9．calmadj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静10．sheltern．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)11．waven．海浪；波浪vi.&vt.挥手；招手12．strikevi.&vt.侵袭；突击；击打n．罢工；罢课；袭击Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共9分)1．effectn．效果；结果；影响→effectiveadj.有效的2．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→shockingadj.令人震惊的→shockedadj.感到震惊的3．electricityn．电；电能→electricadj.电的；用电的→electronicadj.电子的4．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerfuladj.强有力的；有影响力的→powerlessadj.无力的5．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→deliveryn．投递；送交6．revivevt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revivaln．振兴；复苏Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．breezen．微风；和风；轻而易举的事vt.轻盈而自信地走2．becomejadedwith对……感到厌倦3．beamn．光线；束；梁vi.&vt.照射；发光；发热4．webn．蛛网；网络，错综复杂的事物5．deliberatelyadv.故意；蓄意；从容不迫地→deliberateadj.故意的；蓄意的vi.&vt.深思熟虑Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共14分)1．asif似乎；好像；仿佛2．inruins严重受损；破败不堪3．inshock震惊；吃惊4．intheopenair露天；在户外5．refusetodosth拒绝做某事6．asusual像往常一样7．sweepaway消灭；彻底消除Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共14分)1．Thewisemanhasmuchwisdomandcanhandlevariousmatterswisely.(wisdom)2．Wemeasuredthelengthoftheareaandfounditwasjustthreemeterslongandthus，weneededtolengthenit.(length)3．Hetakesadeepbreathandbreathesinthesweetsmelloffreshflowers.(breathe)4．Masteringsomebasicskillswouldgreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurvival.Thankstotheswimmingskills，heandhisfriendsucceededinsurvivingtheterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwosurvivors.(survive)5．Thedeadlydiseasehasaffectedmanypeopleandhascausedatleast30deathsuptonow.(dead)6．Whenyouwriteasummaryofanarticle，summaris(z)ingthemainideaofeachpartisthefirststep.(summary)7．Shehasbeensufferingfromthelossofmemorysinceshehadthatcaraccidentandhersufferingisbeyonddescription.(suffer)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)eq\x(sweepaway，onhand，inruins，cometoanend，thenumberof，intheopenair)1．Thesummervacationcametoanendatlastandwewouldreturntoschool.2．WiththedevelopmentofChina，thenumberofpeoplestudyingChineseintheWestisincreasingrapidly.3．Whatmadeusfrustratedwasthatthefloodssweptawayallthehouses.4．Itwasbecauseofanunexpectedrainthatwecouldn’tgoonapicnicintheopenair.5．Hewantstoseemenow，butIhavesomuchworkonhandthatIwouldratherhecametomorrowthantoday.6．Somanyyearsoffightinghavelefttheareainruins.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)1．看到凶猛的熊，埃莉吓呆了，害怕得一动不动。(读后续写之心理描写)(too...to...)(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)Atthesightofthefiercebear，Ellifrozewithterror，tooscaredtomoveaninch.2．他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞似的，兴奋得睁大了眼睛。(asif引导的虚拟语气)(2022·浙江6月)Hethrowshisarmsandlegsoutasifhewereflying，hiseyeswidewithexcitement.3．我的头很难从大南瓜里拔出来。(主语＋be＋adj.＋todo)(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)Myheadwasdifficulttopulloutofthehugepumpkin.4．想参加此次采摘活动的人被要求明天早晨7点到学校门口集合。(thosewho...)Thosewhowanttoparticipateinthepickingactivityarerequiredtogatherattheschoolgateat7：00amtomorrow.5．当我在浏览我们学校的网站时，我注意到了英文报纸Youth。(bedoing...when...)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)Iwassurfingourschool’swebsitewhenInoticedtheEnglishnewspaperYouth.Disasterssuchastornadoes，droughts，floods，landslides，volcaniceruptions，typhoons，hurricanesandearthquakeshavecomeoneafteranother,1.causing(cause)greatdamagetomanycountries.Insummary，theearthquakehasthe2.worst(bad)effects.The1976Tangshanearthquakecausedmorethan240,0003.deaths(die).90percentofhomeslayinruinsandpeoplesufferedalot.Food，waterandelectricitywerehardtoget.Everywhere4.theshockedsurvivorssawdestroyedbricks，deepcracksinvillagewellsanduselessmetalsasiftheworldwereatanend.Rescueteamswhowereinshockdugoutthetrapped,5.buried(bury)thedead，andbuiltsheltersintheopenair.Withunifiedeffortsandwisdomofallpeople，thecityrevived6.itself(it)andbegantobreatheagain.Earthquakesundertheseacanalsocausetsunamis.Thetsunami7.that/whichstruckAsiain2004crashedintocoastlines.Hugewavessweptawaymanypeople.Foreigncountriesaidedtheseareasbydeliveringfoodandsuppliesbyhelicopters.Thoughthesenaturaldisasterscannotbeavoided，wecantakesomeprotectivemeasures8.tolower(lower)theirdamage.When9.trapped(trap)inanemergencyweshouldkeepcalm，taponapipeorwhistleforhelp，stayawayfrompowerlinesandsurviveonwhatyouhaveonhand.Lastbutnotleast，alwayskeepfirstaidkitsathome10.incase.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇shockn．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事vt.(使)震惊(shockedadj.感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的)·inshock吃惊，震惊toone’sshock令某人震惊的是·beshockedatsth/that...对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth因做某事而感到震惊(1)Allofuswereshockedattheshockingnewsthatmanydeathshadbeencausedbytheflood.(shock)(2)汤姆在马拉松比赛中赢得了冠军，这对我们大家来说非常震惊。Tomwonthechampionshipinthemarathon，whichwasagreatshockto/greatlyshockedusall.(3)听到家乡被飓风摧毁的消息，她吓得脸色苍白。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Shepaledwithshockatthenewsthatherhometownwasdestroyedbythehurricane.trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．陷阱；险境·betrappedin被困在……trapsbintodoingsth诱使某人做某事·fallinto/getoutofatrap落入/摆脱圈套lay/setatrap(for)(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套(1)Peoplewithweakcontrolpowerarelikelytobetrappedintobuyinguselessgoodsbythewebcast.(2)Trapped(trap)intheruinsfortwodays，thegirlconstantlyheldapositiveattitude，firmlybelievingthatsomeonewouldcometoherrescue.(3)这位可怜的幸存者设下了一个简单的陷阱，试图抓住一只兔子来充饥，但却是白费力气。Thepoorsurvivorlaid/setasimpletrap，attemptingtocatcharabbittosatisfyhishunger，butinvain.buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏(burialn．埋葬；葬礼)burysthin把某物埋在……buryoneselfin＝beburiedin埋头于，专心于buryone’sfaceinone’shands双手掩面(1)自毕业以来，她一直埋头于文物保护和修复工作，在这一领域做出了巨大贡献。(话题写作之人物介绍)Eversincegraduation，shehasbeenburiedin/buriedherselfinrelicprotectionandrestorationwork，makinggreatcontributionsinthisfield.(2)Hearingthebadnews，sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandburstintotears.(读后续写之动作描写)→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，buryingherfaceinherhands.(现在分词作状语)→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，withherfaceburiedinherhands.(with复合结构)→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，herfaceburiedinherhands.(独立主格结构)suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(sufferingn．受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难sufferern．受难者；患者)·sufferfrom患……病；受……苦·suffer作及物动词时，意思同experience(体验；经历)，其后可跟pain，defeat，hardship等词作宾语；sufferfrom中的from表示原因，意为“因……而受苦”。(1)得知我的搭档得了重病，我非常焦虑，所以我冲向了医院。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)Knowingthatmypartnerwassufferingfromaseriousillness，Iwasburningwithanxiety，soIdartedtowardsthehospital.(2)我的老师感叹道：“在写作的过程中，你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是这些痛苦使你的意志更加坚强。”(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Myteacherexclaimed，“Intheprocessofwriting，youmusthavesuffereddefeatsandhardships.Itisthesufferingsthatmakeyoumorestrong-willed.”survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivorn．幸存者survivaln．幸存；生还)surviveon靠……存活下来survivesth幸免于；从……中活下来AsurvivesB(by＋时间)A比B活得长(……)(1)ThesurvivorowedhissurvivaltoaTVprogram，whichtaughtwhattosurviveonwhentrappedinthewild.(survive)(2)Althoughtheoldladysufferedfromaseriousillness，shestillsurvivedherhusbandby5years.(3)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)Lifeisn’tabouthowtosurvivethestorm；it’saboutlearningtodanceintherain.strikevt.&vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起n．罢工；罢课；袭击·bestruckwith/by被……所打动/袭击Itstrikessbthat...某人觉得……；某人突然想起……sthstrikessb某人想到……·onstrike罢工·表示“突然想到”的词汇还有hit，occurto等。(1)Theworkersarecomingoutonstrikeforhigherwages，whichisashocktothegovernment.(2)我的朋友们都被一只小鸟和它的救命恩人之间的深厚联系深深打动了。(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)Myfriendswerealldeeplystruckby/withtheprofoundbondbetweenalittlebirdandhersaver.(3)我突然想到一个好主意，我们可以在即将到来的教师节送给老师一份手工制作的礼物。Agoodideastruck/hit/occurredtomethatwecouldgiveahandmadegifttoourteacherforthecomingTeachers’Day.→Itstruck/hit/occurredtomethatwecouldgiveahandmadegifttoourteacherforthecomingTeachers’Day.(用it作形式主语改写)asif引导的虚拟语气Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！仿佛世界末日即将来临！·asif/though引导表语从句时常放在look，seem等系动词之后。·asif/though可以引导状语从句，表方式，如果从句所描述的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句谓语用陈述语气；如果从句所描述的情况是不真实的或极少可能发生的，从句谓语用虚拟语气：与现在事实相反，用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)；与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，用would/could/might＋动词原形。(1)Listen，thewhistleofanambulance！Itseemsasifthereis(be)anemergency.(2)Whenapencilispartlyputintowater，itlooksasifitwere(be)broken.(3)Atthebadnews，Maryfrozewithshock，asifrooted(root)totheground.(4)我一走进房子，它就发出了高兴的喵喵声，好像是在告诉我它以前住在这里。ThemomentIsteppedintothehouse，itletoutamewofdelightasif(itwere)tellingmeitpreviouslylivedhere.(拟人表达)用法点拨当asif/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。bedoing...when...Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还常用于以下句型：·beabouttodo...when...正要做……突然……·had(just)done...when...刚做完……这时突然……(1)我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒向地面，我们吓得魂不附体。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Wehadjustescapedfromtheburninghousewhenitfelltothegroundandwewerefrightenedoutofourwits.(2)手里捧着罐子，我正匆忙上楼梯，突然我的一只脚被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡，努力想稳住自己，但是没用。罐子从我的手指间滑落，摔在了坚硬的泥土地上。我刚要去捡起碎片，就听到妈妈的声音，“发生了什么事？”(读后续写之片段描写)Withthejarinmyhands，Iwaswalkingupstairsinahurrywhenoneofmyfeetwascaughtononestair.Losingbalance，Itriedtosteadymyself，butinvain.Thejarslippedthroughmyfingers，andsmashedonthehard-as-rockmudfloor.IwasabouttopickupthepieceswhenIheardmymom’svoice，“What’shappening？”提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．delivereq\x(A.递送B.生小孩；接生C.发表演说等)(1)Theprincesshadbeendeliveredofahealthybabyboy，whichmadethehandsomeprincewildwithexcitement.B(2)Thesonofagrocer，he’dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBernardsville，NewJersey.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)A(3)Goodevening，everybody.ProfessorKingwillbedeliveringhislectureinamoment，butletmeintroducehimfirst.(2021·天津3月)C2．affecteq\x(A.影响B.感动C.疾病侵袭；使感染)(1)Deeplyaffectedbythefilm，wecouldn’tholdbacktears.B(2)Indeed，theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess.(2021·全国乙)A(3)LearningthatyouareaffectedwithaseriousdiseaseandhavetoreturntoIreland，Iamterriblysorryaboutit.(2020·浙江7月)C3．powereq\x(A.n.权力B.n.力量，能力C.n.有影响力的大国D.n.电力E.v.推动，驱动F.n.统治；政权)(1)Itwasintheyear1843thathecametopowerwithhiswife’sassistance.F(2)Theelectriccar，poweredbythelatestbattery，candrive600milesonasinglecharge.E(3)Thepatientisleftwiththepowertochoosewhathewantstotalkabout.(2021·天津3月)A(4)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnologytochangelives.(2020·浙江7月)B(5)Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource...alotofenergyislostduringtransmission.(2020·全国Ⅰ)D(6)TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology，andthelifebloodofthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.(2022·浙江1月)C4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Whenwevisitedtheoldfamilyhome，pastsweetmemoriescamefloodingback.大量涌入(2)Muchofthecoasthasbeenruinedbythetourism.糟蹋，破坏(3)Birdssinginginthetree，thebrightfive-starredflagwavedinthebreeze.飘动，起伏(4)Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher’sworkinthecontextofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.(2023·全国甲)背景Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Hemadeagreatefforttosavethegirltrapped(trap)intheburninghouse.2．Thiseventwillsupplyyouwithapreciousopportunitytoworkwithexpertsinthisfield.3．Forthousandsofyears，peoplehavetoldfablestoteachalessonortopassonwisdom(wise)．(2023·全国甲)4．Buried(bury)inreadingthelegendofamasterinbasketball，hedidn’tmakeittoschoolontime.5．AsIswept(sweep)upthemess，Iwonderedwhywehadbeenbreakingsomanythingsoverthemonths.(2021·天津3月)6.Comparedwiththosewhoareengagedinmanuallabor，teachersexperiencemorementalsufferings(suffer)．7．ItstruckmethatIwascheatingmyselfbypretendingtoknowwhatIdidn’tknow.8．Thestadiumandthegymlaidinruinsafterthebigfirecausedbycarelesssmoking.9．ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshehadstayed(stay)inAmericaforalongtime.10．Towinanhonourforhiscountry，hedidn’tgiveupevenifhegotinjuredintherace，setting(set)agoodexampletoothers.在2022年8月发生的重庆山火和2023年1月发生的泸定地震中涌现出了很多青年逆行者榜样，如00后消防员、00后志愿者等。你校正在组织以“WeShouldShouldertheResponsibility”为主题的英语征文活动，请你投稿，内容包括：1.青年榜样的突出品质；2.呼吁年轻人向他们学习。完成句子1．我在网上冲浪时，一篇关于00后消防员和00后志愿者的报道吸引了我的眼球。(bedoing...when)2．在重庆山火和泸定地震中涌现出了许多00后的榜样，他们表现出了勇敢和责任感。(emerge；定语从句)3．在一些人眼中，00后似乎是最叛逆(rebellious)的一代。(asif)4．然而，当面对自然灾害时，他们冒着生命危险营救被困在废墟或洪水中的人们，完全把他们自己的安全抛在了身后。(betrappedinruins；befacedwith；分词作状语)5．深受他们故事的影响，我呼吁所有年轻人向他们学习，并承担起我们的责任。(beaffectedwith/by；分词作状语)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文WeShouldShouldertheResponsibilityIwassurfingtheInternetwhenareportaboutpost-00sfirefightersandpost-00svolunteersattractedmyeyes.Thereportshowedthatmanypost-00srolemodelsemergedinthemountainfireinChongqingandtheLudingearthquake，whoshowedtheirbraveryandsenseofresponsibility.Insomepeople’sview，itseemsasifthepost-00swerethemostrebelliousgeneration.However，whenfacedwithnaturaldisasters，theyriskedtheirlivestorescuepeopletrappedinruinsorfloods，totallyleavingtheirsafetybehind.Theyreallyliveuptothesociety’sexpectationanddeserveourrespectandadmiration.Deeplyaffectedbytheirstories，Icallonalltheyoungpeopletolearnfromthemandshoulderourresponsibility，makingourcontributionsasindividuals.教材语料整合亮词[情感描写]shock；inshock；calm；affect；effort[动作描写]rescue；flood；trap；bury；damage；destroy；aid；sweepaway；wave；suffer；survive；shelter；strike；deliver美句1.Forseveraldays，thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell，roseandfell.(重复)2.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide，andfishjumpedoutofthewater.(排比)3.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！(夸张)4.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.(夸张)5.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.(比喻)6.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.(拟人)7.Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.(拟人)8.Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(动作描写)9.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster，peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.(主旨升华)拓展语料积累情感细节描写：恐惧(一)单词frightenedadj.害怕的→frighteningadj.令人害怕的→frightenv．使害怕；scarev．使害怕→scaredadj.害怕的→scaryadj.惊悚的，吓人的；panicv．/n.恐慌，害怕→panickedadj.恐慌的；dreadfuladj.可怕的；极坏的；terrible/horrible/awfuladj.可怕的词块beinpanic/beseizedwithpanic惊慌失措；one’sthroattightenswithhorror/fear吓得喉咙发紧；bepalewithfright吓得面无人色；bescaredoutofone’swits吓得魂不附体；benumb/frozenwithfear吓呆了；frightenthepantsoffsb把……吓得屁滚尿流；tremblewithterror/horror吓得发抖；bescaredtodeath/halfdeadwithfright吓得要死；tearsofterror/horror/fear恐惧的泪水；one’sheartbestuckonone’sthroat心卡在嗓子眼句型1.Afloodoffearwelledupinherwhenshewalkedintheemptystreet.(无灵主语句)走在空荡荡的街道上，一阵恐惧涌上她的心头。2.Iwaswanderinginthewoodwhenasnakecameoutandscaredmetodeath.我正在林间散步，突然一条蛇蹿了出来，吓得我半死。3.Ifrozewithterror，tooscaredtomoveaninch.我吓得呆住了，寸步难行。4.Seeingthebloodyscene，sheuncontrollablyletoutascreamofterrorandfaintedontheground.看到这血腥的一幕，她不受控制地发出恐惧的尖叫，昏倒在地。5.Theexplosionreallyfrightenedthepantsoffme.爆炸把我吓坏了。语料运用火灾救援Thefirestartedtospreadalloverthehotel，andpeoplefleeingoutofitintime①werestillingreatpanic.Justatthatmoment，asharpscreamcameoutofthecrowd.Ayoungmother②whowasdeadwithfright(定语从句)criedthatherbabywasstillinthehotelroom.Hearingthat，③afloodoffearwelledupinthecrowd(无灵主语句)，andtheydidn’tknowwhattheycoulddointhatsituation.Theytriedtocomfortthewoman④whohadbeenscaredoutofherwits，butwordsjustfailedthem.Theyalmostlosthopewhenayoungmanquicklyrantothepoolinfrontofthehotel，pouredwateronhisjacketandthenrushedintotheburningroom.Seeingthescene，everyone⑤wasnumbwithfear，wishinghecouldsuccessfullybringthebabyout.⑥Everyone’sheartwasstuckintheirthroatuntiltheyheardsomecryofababy.大火开始蔓延到整个酒店，及时逃离的人们仍然非常恐慌。就在这时，人群中传来一声尖锐的尖叫。一位吓坏了的年轻母亲哭着说她的孩子还在酒店房间里。听到这句话，人群中涌起一阵恐惧，他们不知道在这种情况下能怎么办。他们试图安慰那个被吓得魂不附体的女人，却不知道说什么。一个年轻人迅速跑到酒店前的游泳池，把水倒在夹克上，然后冲进着火的房间时，他们几乎失去了希望。看到这一幕，所有人都吓得麻木了，希望他能成功把孩子抱出来。每个人的心都卡在嗓子眼里，直到他们听到了婴儿的哭声。高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A★Asashiftinthepolarvortex(极地涡旋)sweptacrossmuchoftheUS，manypeopleinthecountrywerehitwithasuddensnapofcold.Heavyiceandsnowcoupledwithfallentreescausedtheoutagesinmajorcities，withcompaniesunabletotelltheircustomerswhenpowerwillberestored.Polarvorticeswerenoticedlongago.Butthefirstknownuseoftheterm“polarvortex”wasinamagazinein1853.Polarvorticesarepresentyear-round，butwedon’thearaboutthemuntiltheycauseproblems.TheymaintainfreezingtemperaturesattheNorthandSouthPolesbymovingintightcounterclockwisepatterns.Polarvorticesgrowstrongerinwinterandweakeninsummer.Theyarekeptinplaceatthepolesbyanotheratmosphericcurrentcalledthejetstream.However，whenthejetstreamsweaken，thecoldwindsofthepolarvortexarepushedsouthwardsanditisduringthistimethatpeoplebegintopayattention!InTexas，roadsfrozeover，causingsixtrafficdeaths，andmanyschoolswereshutdown.PeoplearenottheonlyEarthlingstostrugglewiththecold.Cropsandanimalsarealsofreezing.Thiscouldhavemajorconsequences，especiallyifherdsofcattledie.Ifsnowblockscattle，theanimalscan’treachbasicnecessitieslikefoodandfreshwater.Onabrighternote，someTexascitiesweremorepreparedthanothers，forinstance，Amarillo，whichislocatedinNorthTexas，sotheyaremoreaccustomedtocoldertemperatures.Amarilloisnotablebecausethecitywasredesignedtostanduptoseverewinterstorms.Officialshavespreadoutfirestationstoincreasecoverageoffirstresponders，employedmodifieddumptrucksforclearingice，andupgradedciviccenterstoprovideshelterduringstorms.Hopefully，otherTexascitieswillfollowthegoodexamplesetbyAmarillo!语篇解读这是一篇说明文。极地涡旋会给人类的生命、财产带来巨大的威胁，但是好在人类已发现有效措施积极应对。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outages”refertoinparagraph1?A．Trafficjams. B．Powerstruggles.C．Powercuts. D．Trafficaccidents.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“withcompaniesunabletotelltheircustomerswhenpowerwillberestored”可知，outages意为“断电”。故选C。2．Whatcanwelearnaboutpolarvortices?A．Theygrowstrongerinsummer.B．Theyareaffectedbyjetstreams.C．Theywerefirstobservedin1853.D．Theymoveinaclockwisedirection.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Theyarekeptinplaceatthepolesby...However，whenthejetstreamsweaken，thecoldwindsofthepolarvortexarepushed...！”可知，极涡会受到急流的影响。故选B。3．Whatisthelastbutoneparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thedefinitionofthepolarvortex.B．Thecharacteristicsofthepolarvortex.C．Thewaystodealwiththepolarvortex.D．Theseriousimpactmadebythepolarvortex.答案D解析段落大意题。根据倒数第二段“InTexas，roadsfrozeover，causingsixtrafficdeaths，andmanyschoolswereshutdown...Cropsandanimalsarealsofreezing...”可知，倒数第二段主要讲的是极地涡旋造成的严重影响。故选D。4．WhyisAmarillostriking?A．BecauseitislocatedinthenorthofTexas.B．Becauseithasbeenupgradedandmodernized.C．Becauseithasbeenregardedasanexampletoothercities.D．Becauseithastakeneffectivemeasurestoresistwinterstorms.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第二、三句“Amarilloisnotablebecausethecitywasredesignedto...toprovideshelterduringstorms.”可知，阿马里洛引人注目是因为它已采取有效措施应对冬季风暴。故选D。BWhatisthe15-minutecity？It’stheurbanplanningconceptthateverythingcityresidentsneedshouldbeashortwalkorbikerideaway—about15minutesfromhometowork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.Supportersarguethat15-minutecitiesarehealthierforresidentsandtheenvironment，creatingunitedmini-communities，boostinglocalbusinesses，andencouragingpeopletogetoutsidewalk，andcycle.ManycitiesacrossEuropeoffersimilarideas，butParishasbecomeitsposterchild.MayorAnneHidalgohassoughttofightclimatechangebydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsandfuelemissions.In2015，Pariswas17thonthelistofbike-friendlycities;by2019，itwas8th.Carownership，meanwhile，droppedfrom60percentofhouseholdsin2001to35percentin2019.The15-minutecityfiguredlargelyinHidalgo’ssuccessful2020re-electioncampaign.TheideahasalsogainedsupportintheU．S.Itclearlywon’tworkeverywhere：NoteverycityisascentralizedandwalkableasParis.Somecar-dominatedcitieslikeLosAngelesandPhoenixwouldbehard-pressedtoprovideeverythingpeopleneedwithinwalkingdistance.Inaddition，someurbanplannersarguethatthe15-minutecitycouldincreasetheseparationofneighborhoodsbyincome.Neighborhoodsequippedwithalltheconveniencesrequiredbythe15-minutecityalsotendtohavehighhousingcostsandwealthierresidents.Despitesomeresistance，thebasicprinciplesbehindthe15-minutecityareinfluencingplanningincitiesaroundtheworld，includingMelbourne，Barcelona，BuenosAires，Singapore，andShanghai.UrbandesignerandthinkerJayPittersayscitieswherebasicneedsarewithinwalkingdistancecreatemoreindividualfreedomthanneedingtodriveeverywhere.“Inacitywhereservicesarealwayscloseby，”hesays，“mobilityisachoice：Yougowhereyouwantbecauseyouwantto，notbecauseyouhaveto.Myfightisnotagainstthecar.Myfightishowwecouldimprovethequalityoflife.”语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了15分钟城市的理念以及人们对该理念的不同观点。5．Whichbestdescribesthe15-minutecity?A．Modern. B．Smart.C．Entertaining. D．Convenient.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whatisthe15-minutecity...towork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.”可推知，Convenient“便利”最能描述出15分钟城市的特点，故选D。6．What’stheoriginalintentionforParistoadvocatethe15-minutecity?A．Toaddressclimateissues.B．Tobeautifythecity.C．Topromotethebikeindustry.D．TohelpHidalgogetre-elected.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“...butParishasbecomeitsposterchild.MayorAnneHidalgohassoughttofightclimatechangebydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsand