UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION单元基础知识通关练（含答案）高中英语核心要点突破和检测（人教版2019）

UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION单元基础知识通关练（含答案）一、单词通关1._______________n.宇航员；太空人2._______________n.程序；步骤；手续3._______________adj.精神的；思想的4._______________abbr.厘米5._______________adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的6._______________n.火箭；火箭弹7._______________n.重力；引力8._______________n.边境；国界；边远地区9._______________n.交通工具；车辆10._______________n.宇宙；天地万物11._______________adj.有决心的；意志坚定的12._______________vt.查明；确定；决定13._______________n.人造卫星；卫星14._______________n.发射；发起；上市15._______________n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行16._______________adj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人17._______________n.跳跃；剧增；剧变vi.&vt.跳过；跃过18._______________n.人类19._______________n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处20._______________vt.&vi.传输；发送21._______________n.[pl.]资料；数据22._______________adj.失望的；沮丧的23._______________n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望24._______________继续做，坚持干25._______________adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的26._______________在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上27._______________adv.独立地；自立地28._______________adj.独立的；自立的29._______________n.航天器；宇宙飞船30._______________n.太空行走；太空行走的时间31._______________n.玉；翡翠；玉器32._______________vi.&vt.（两架航天器）对接；（使）……进港n.码头；船坞33._______________vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志34._______________抱着……的希望35._______________为了；以便36._______________vt.回收利用；再利用37._______________n.肌肉；实力；影响力38._______________n.缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏39._______________vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流40._______________adv.否则；要不然41._______________prep.在更远处；超出42._______________adj.太阳的；太阳能的43._______________太阳系；类太阳系44._______________adj.当前的；现在的n.水流；电流；思潮45._______________弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白46._______________adj.足够的；充足的47._______________n.肥皂48._______________n.毛巾；抹布49._______________n.微波炉50._______________n.纸巾；（人、动植物细胞的）组织51._______________n.设施；设备52._______________adj.热衷的；渴望的53._______________n.地球；世界；地球仪54._______________vt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论55._______________n.争论；争吵；论点56._______________adj.致命的；灾难性的57._______________adj.肤浅的；浅的58._______________导致；造成59._______________n.模式；图案；模范60._______________n.（对事物的）分析；分析结果61._______________所以；结果（是）62._______________adj.高端的63._______________n.监视器；监测仪vt.监视；监测；监控64._______________adv.经常；定期的65._______________adj.定期的；经常的；正常的66._______________n.泡沫橡胶；泡沫67._______________n.枕头68._______________n.智能69._______________n.资源；财力；物力70._______________adj.有限的71._______________提供生活所需72._______________adj.结尾的；结束的n.停业；关闭；倒闭73._______________最后74._______________n.神秘事物；迷75._______________用完；耗尽76._______________vt.系；绑；贴77._______________n.氧；氧气二、派生单词通关1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→__________adv.精神上；心理上2.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→__________n.聪明；智慧3.universen.宇宙；天地万物→__________adj.普遍的→__________adv.普遍地4.determinevt.查明；确定；决定→__________adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→__________n.决心；果断5.disappointvt.使失望→__________adj.失望的；沮丧的→__________adj.令人失望的→__________n.失望；沮丧6.dependv.依靠；依赖→__________adj.独立的；自主的→__________adv.独立地；自立地→__________n.独立7.currentadj.当前的；现在的n.水流；电流；思潮；潮流→__________adv.当前；现时8.sufficientadj.足够的；充足的→__________adv.足够地；充足地→(反)__________adj.不够的；不足的9.globen.地球；世界；地球仪→__________adj.全球的；全面的→__________adv.全局地；全球地10.arguevt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论→__________n.争论；争吵；论点→__________adj.可论证的11.analyze/analysev.分析→__________n.(对事物的)分析；分析结果→(pl.)__________→__________n.分析家12.regularadj.定期的；经常的；正常的n.常客→(反)__________adj.不规则的；不规律的→__________adv.经常；定期地13.limitvt.&n.限制→__________adj.有限的→__________adj.无限的→__________n.限制；限度14.mysteryn.神秘事物；谜→__________adj.神秘的15.attachvt.系；绑；贴→__________adj.附加的；附属的；依恋的三、短语通关1.____________________继续做，坚持干2.____________________在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3.____________________抱着……的希望4.____________________为了；以便5.____________________弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6.____________________导致；造成7.____________________所以；结果(是)8.____________________为某人提供生活所需9.____________________最后10.____________________用完；耗尽四、课文语法填空ReadingandThinkingSPACE:THEFINALFRONTIER“Arewealone?What’soutthere?”__________(look)upatthestars,peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace,andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.Theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospace__________(find)outthesecretsoftheuniverse.Theyalsoreallywishtodiscoverotherplanetsthatare__________(suit)enoughtosupportlife.Beforethemid20thcentury,mostpeoplefelt__________(travel)intospacewasanimpossibledream.However,somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealizetheirdream__________(explore)space.Aftermanyexperiments,theysucceededinmakingrocketsthatcouldescapeEarth’sgravity.On4October1957,theSputnik1satellite__________(launch)bytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbitedaroundEarth.Afterwards,theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace,andon12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworld__________(go)intospace.Overeightyearslater,on20July1969,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon,__________(famous)saying,“That’sonesmallstepfor［a］man,onegiantleapformankind.”__________(follow)this,manymoregoalswereachieved.Forexample,America’sNASAspaceagencylaunchedVoyager1on5September1977tostudydeepspace,anditstill__________(transmit)datatoday.__________scientiststrytomakesurenothinggoeswrong,accidentscanstillhappen.AlltheastronautsontheUSSR’sSoyuz11andAmerica’sChallengerdiedduringtheirmissions.Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadand__________(disappoint),butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.Thisis__________peoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexploration__________thehugerisks.AnexampleofthisongoingworkistheInternationalSpaceStation.ItorbitsEarthandhasastronautsfromdifferentcountries__________board,providinga__________(continue)humanpresenceinspace.China’sspaceprogrammestartedlater__________thoseofRussiaandtheUS,butithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldto__________(independent)sendhumansintospacein2003,__________YangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft.ThenShenzhou6and7pleted__________secondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk,__________(follow)bythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.Afterthat,ChinalaunchedtheTiangong2spacelabintospaceandTianzhou1__________(dock)withit.ThissignalledonestepfurtherinChina’splan__________(establish)aspacestationinthefuture.Morerecently,China__________(send)Chang’e4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomake__________(measurement)andobservations.Thefutureofspaceexploration__________(remain)bright.Europe,theUS,andChinaallhaveplanstofurtherstudyandexploreplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.Despitethedifficulties,scientistshopefuture__________(discovery)willnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan,butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.ReadingforWritingISEXPLORINGSPACEAWASTEOFTIMEANDMONEY?Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions,__________toMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoney__________(explore)space.Instead,weshouldfeedtheworld’spoorandfindimmediatesolutions__________otherproblems,suchaspollutionand__________(fate)diseases.However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhichfailstorealize__________exploringspacehelpsus.Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefight__________worldhunger.Ithas__________(direct)resultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweather__________(pattern).ThenthedataistransmittedtoscientistsonEarth.Aftercareful__________(analyze),thescientistscanprovideusefulremendationsandadviceforfarmers.Asaresult,spacebasedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfoodtofeedEarth’s__________(increase)population.Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromoted__________(technology)improvementsthatbenefitusall.Highendproductsaroundtheworldaremade__________ahigherstandardnowbecauseof__________(advance)technologywhichwasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementforspaceexploration.Forexample,spacetechnologies__________(help)theresearchanddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedpaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsand__________machinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse.Today,spacetechnologiesare__________(wide)usedinallkindsofindustries,andeverydayproductssuchasGPS,memoryfoampillows,__________smartphonecamerasarechangingourlives.Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld’sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolve__________(they).Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealizethatourplanet’sresourcesarelimited.Inordertoprovide__________sucharapidlyincreasingpopulation,scientistsaretryingtofindotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournewhome.Thegreatestattention__________presentisonMarsbecauseitis__________(close)toEarth.Inthefuture,humansmayliveon__________planets.Inclosing,exploringspaceprovidestheworld__________manydifferentbenefits.Therefore,itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople’sshorttermandlongtermproblems.参考答案一、单词通关1.astronautn.宇航员；太空人2.proceduren.程序；步骤；手续3.mentaladj.精神的；思想的4.cm(centimetre/centimeter)abbr.厘米5.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的6.rocketn.火箭；火箭弹7.gravityn.重力；引力8.frontiern.边境；国界；边远地区9.vehiclen.交通工具；车辆10.universen.宇宙；天地万物11.determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的12.determinevt.查明；确定；决定13.satelliten.人造卫星；卫星14.launchn.发射；发起；上市15.orbitn.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行16.giantadj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人17.leapn.跳跃；剧增；剧变vi.&vt.跳过；跃过18.mankindn.人类19.agencyn.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处20.transmitvt.&vi.传输；发送21.datan.[pl.]资料；数据22.disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的23.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望24.carryon继续做，坚持干25.ongoingadj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的26.onboard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上27.independentlyadv.独立地；自立地28.independentadj.独立的；自立的29.spacecraftn.航天器；宇宙飞船30.spacewalkn.太空行走；太空行走的时间31.jaden.玉；翡翠；玉器32.dockvi.&vt.（两架航天器）对接；（使）……进港n.码头；船坞33.signalvt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志34.inthehopeofdoingsth抱着……的希望35.soasto(dosth)为了；以便36.recyclevt.回收利用；再利用37.musclen.肌肉；实力；影响力38.lackn.缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏39.floatvi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流40.otherwiseadv.否则；要不然41.beyondprep.在更远处；超出42.solaradj.太阳的；太阳能的43.solarsystem太阳系；类太阳系44.currentadj.当前的；现在的n.水流；电流；思潮45.figureout弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白46.sufficientadj.足够的；充足的47.soapn.肥皂48.toweln.毛巾；抹布49.microwave(microwaveoven)n.微波炉50.tissuen.纸巾；（人、动植物细胞的）组织51.facilityn.设施；设备52.keenadj.热衷的；渴望的53.globen.地球；世界；地球仪54.arguevt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论55.argumentn.争论；争吵；论点56.fataladj.致命的；灾难性的57.shallowadj.肤浅的；浅的58.resultin导致；造成59.patternn.模式；图案；模范60.analysisn.（对事物的）分析；分析结果61.asaresult所以；结果（是）62.highendadj.高端的63.monitorn.监视器；监测仪vt.监视；监测；监控64.regularlyadv.经常；定期的65.regularadj.定期的；经常的；正常的66.foamn.泡沫橡胶；泡沫67.pillown.枕头68.smartphonen.智能69.resourcen.资源；财力；物力70.limitedadj.有限的71.provideforsb提供生活所需72.closingadj.结尾的；结束的n.停业；关闭；倒闭73.inclosing最后74.mysteryn.神秘事物；迷75.runout用完；耗尽76.attachvt.系；绑；贴77.oxygenn.氧；氧气二、派生单词通关1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.精神上；心理上2.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligencen.聪明；智慧3.universen.宇宙；天地万物→universaladj.普遍的→universallyadv.普遍地4.determinevt.查明；确定；决定→determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determinationn.决心；果断5.disappointvt.使失望→disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望；沮丧6.dependv.依靠；依赖→independentadj.独立的；自主的