Unit4NaturalDisasters重点单词测试课件高中英语人教版

U4NaturalDisastersVocabularyUsageVocabulariesPart11.floodv.&n.2.rescuev.&n.3.damagev.&n.4.affectv.5.deathn.--diev.6.shelterv.&n.HeavyrainstorminZhengzhou-120July,2021,aserious________(洪水)hitZhengzhou.Inlessthan24hours,therisingwater________(淹没)__________(大量的)streetsandcars.一场特大洪水：aseriousflood大量的……：afloodof...=floodsof...淹没……：floodsth.floodfloodedafloodofHeavyrainstorminZhengzhou-2Apartfromcities,ruralareashasbeenaffectedtoo.Duetoalackofcleanwater,manyvillagerswereaffectedbyseriousdiseases.Hundredsofmedicalworkerswereworkingdayandnighttowipeoutthevirus,whichaffectedthelocalsdeeply.--affectv.(1)影响(influence)(2)(疾病)侵袭/感染……(infect...)(3)感动/打动某人(move/touchsb...)affectv.=haveaneffecton...rescueTheseriousfloodaffectedmanyruralareas.=Theseriousfloodhadagreateffectonmanyruralareas.HeavyrainstorminZhengzhou--3Atfirst,localsvolunteerto_______(救援)thetrappedpeoplefromthedeepwater.Andsoonprofessional____________(救援人员)__________________(来救援他们)--从……救出某人：rescue(v.)sb.from...--救援某人：cometoone’srescue(n.)--救援人员/队/努力:rescueworkers/teams/effortsrescuerescueworkerscametotheirrescueHeavyrainstorminZhengzhou--4Thisterribledisaster__________________(对……造成巨大损害)thelocallifeandeconomy,butpeople’sconfidencetorebuildtheirhomeland_________________(未被损毁).--对……造成巨大损失/损害cause/dogreatdamageto...--损害……damagesth

causedgreatdamagetohasn’tbeendamagedHeavyrainstorminZhengzhou--5Forthosewholosttheir__________(住所)andsufferedthe_______(die)oftheirlovedonesintheflood,rescuesoldiers__________________(建造了庇护所)forthemto__________________(保护他们免受)moreinjuries.--sheltern.居所/避难所

(1)……的居所/住所

ashelterfor...(2)为……建立避难所

setup/found/buildsheltersfor...--sheltervt.保护……(protect)

保护某人免受……sheltersb.from...sheltershavesetupsheltersshelterthemfromdeath“安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜”

--杜甫WherecanIgettenthousandbroadshelterswithhugeroofsthatcanshelteralltheworld’spoorpeoplesothattheycanwearsmilingfacesVocabulariesPart21.ruinn.(inruins)&v.(与damage,destroy区别)2.shockn.&v.【一词多义】3.electricityn.(adj.--electrical,electric)4.trapv.&n.【一词多义】5.buryv.(beburiedin...)6.breathev.(n.--breath)7.effortn.8.sufferv.9.getbackuponone'sfeet10.Itseemedasif...1.ruinn.Inlessoneminute,alargecity_____________.Everywheresurvivorslooked,_______________________....anewTangshanwasbuiltuponthe________________.--成为废墟/严重受损,破败不堪

lie/beinruins(lie-lay-lain)Afterthewavecame,________________________(沙子城堡变为废墟).

【区分vt.】damage(损害;破坏),ruin(毁坏;破坏),destroy(摧毁,毁灭)layinruinstherewasnothingbutruinsearthquakeruinsthesandcastlelay/wasinruins意大利的古罗马废墟（theruinsofRome）1.Theroadwasdamagedbytheearthquake.侧重“损”，可修复damagevt损害;损坏2.Don’tdamageyourhealthforagoodfigure.➊

todamagesthsobadlythatitcannolongerbeusedornolongerexists.(1)HalfofhumansweredestroyedwhenThanossnapped.destroyvt

摧毁；毁灭

tokillananimalbecauseitisill,inpain,ordangerous宰杀，杀死（被病痛折磨或危险的动物）Theinfectedfowl(被感染的家禽)hadtobedestroyedinordertocontroltheepidemic.侧重“毁”，无法修复雨水毁了我的发型Therainruinedmyhair.头发还在，只是“美好的发型”被毁了。侧重对“美好或希望中的事物”的破坏ruinv.毁坏；破坏；todamagesthsobadlythatitlosesallitsvalue,pleasure,etc.1.Thebuswasbadly_________________whenithitthewall.2.Thebuildingwascompletely______________byfire.3.Itpouredwithrainandmydressgot______________.

4.Thebadweather__________________(毁了我们的旅行).5.Anumberofpaintingsinthiscastlearebelievedto__________________(被毁掉)inafirein2009.ruindamagedestroydamageddestroyedruinedruinedourtriphavebeendestroyed2.shockn.Peoplewereinshock--andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.

人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。--inshock震惊，吃惊本意：冲击；一物对一物的打击a.冲击波：b.触电：c.精神打击：d.(医学领域)休克：e.文化冲击:shockwaveelectricshockmentalshockshock(音译)culturalshock2.shockv.使震惊;使气愤a.她的无耻行为震惊了所有人。Hershamefulbehaviourshockedeveryone.b.Theyweredeeply____________bythe___________news.--shockedadj.震惊的，愤慨的shockingadj.令人震惊的，令人憎恶的shockedshocking3.electricityn./ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.没有水和食物，电也停了。--断电：

cutoffelectricity--发电：

make/produce/generateelectricity3.electricity/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.没有水和食物，电也停了。【adj.区分】electrical/ɪˈlektrɪkl/electric/ɪˈlektrɪk/a.electricalappliance(s)电器b.electriccooker/blanket/guitar

电饭煲；电热毯；电吉他c.electricalengineer电力工程师electricalengineering电气工程学Soonafterthequake,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigout

those

whoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。4.trapv.&n.n.v.本意引申义(捕鸟兽)陷阱,夹子设陷阱捕捉(鸟兽)(陷害人)的圈套,诡计;困境陷害；诱骗使……陷入困境;4.trapv.&n.a.Youhavefallenintoatrap.b.Havingbeentrappedinthetraffic,hewaslateforwork.c.Thecooksetatrapformice.d.Itrappedmycoatinthecardoor.e.Thefakeadvertisements(假广告)trappedyounggirlsintobuyingthemake-upsofpoorquality(质量).5.buryv.--burythedead掩埋死者--buryoneselfin(doing)...=sb.beburiedin(doing)...

埋头于（做）……；沉浸于（做）……Theostrichburiesitsheadintosand.Myroommateisburiedinstudy,whileIamlyingflat.

Ostrich/ˈɒstrɪtʃ/

鸵鸟buryone’sheadintosand采取鸵鸟政策：逃避现实；不正视问题Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。Personification(拟人)eg.Seeinghersonsafeandsound(安然无恙),theanxiousmom_________________________(松了一口气).

松了一口气：breatheasighofrelief--n.呼吸：breath/breθ/a.屏住呼吸：b.气喘吁吁/上气不接下气：

c.深呼吸：6.breathe/briːð/v.呼吸holdone’sbreathoutofbreathtakeadeepbreathbreathedasighofreliefWithstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthe

tirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。a.Asaseniorhighschoolstudent,youmust__________________________(努力去提升)yourcommunicationandproblem-solvingskills.b.Aslongaswe___________________________(不遗余力去做)alittlebiteveryday,we’llmakearealdifference.c.Hemadeplayingtheguitarlook___________(轻松自如的/不费力的).7.effort/ˈefət/n.努力makeeffort(s)toimprovesparenoefforttodoeffortlessP51-5(5)Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjuries.一些人被发现还活着，尽管他们受了重伤。--vt.suffer+抽象损害和痛苦suffer

pain/defeat/loses/damage/sideeffects(副作用)--vi.sufferfrom+具体的不幸和痛苦

sufferfromaseriousdisease/aterriblewar/adeadlydisastersufferfrom...患……病--n.(身体或精神上的)疼痛,痛苦：suffering(生活中的)苦难,折磨：sufferings8.sufferv.受苦；遭受不好的事情活着就要经受痛苦；而生存是为了在痛苦中寻找意义。

——尼采

Tangshanstartedtoreviveitself

andgetbackuponitsfeet.

唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。--reviveoneself让/使……苏醒/复活--n.revival振兴;复苏--get

back

up

onone’sfeet(be/get)backonone’sfeet经受打击后重新站起来eg.Sadnessdoesnotdisappearovernight;ittakestimetogetbackonone'sfeet.--onone’skneesstandonone’shead

At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!

凌晨3:42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！--Itseemed/seemsasif+句子(真实或虚拟语气)

仿佛/好像……

a.他好像在梦里一般。b.他们仿佛认识很长时间了。c.妈妈仿佛要说些什么。虚拟现在：were/did虚拟过去：haddone虚拟将来：would/should/could/mightdoItseemedasifhewereinadream.Itseemedasiftheyhadknowneachotherforalongtime.Itseemsasifmomwouldsaysomething.旧教材

Itseemedasiftheworldwascomingtoanend.HelpfulEntriesEverywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbut

ruins.Therainruinedmyhair.Peoplewereinshock.Theyweredeeplyshockedbytheshockingnews.

Havingbeentrappedinthetraffic,hewaslateforwork.Myroommateisburiedinstudy,whileIamlyingflat.Seeinghersonsafeandsound,theanxiousmombreathedasighofrelief.Toliveistosufferandtosurviveistofindsomemeaninginthesuffering.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitself

andgetbackuponitsfeet.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!VocabulariesPart31.supplyv.&n.2.survivev.3.powern.4.aid.v.&n.5.crashv.&n.6.strikev.7.sweepv.8.waven.&v.9.deliverv.10.bedoing...when...Thesupplies

whichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.a.supply复数形式supplies：补给品b.Thefunction(运转/运作)ofthemarketdependsonsupplyanddemand.--supplyanddemand供给和需求c.媒体(themedia)每天给我们提供大量的信息。Themediasuppliesafloodofinformationtouseveryday.Themediasuppliesuswithafloodofinformationeveryday.--给某人提供某物supplysthtosb.=supplysb.withsth.1.supply/səˈplaɪ/n.&v.Sheisfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.a.在灾难中幸存下来：survivestheg.他在海啸中幸免于难。Hesurvivedthetsunami.2.survivev.《我不是药神》（英文译名Dyingtosurvive）eg.Thepeoplewiththedeadlydiseasearedyingtosurvive.b.Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.

--比某人活得时间长。eg.Jack希望Rose能活下去。

JackhopesRosecansurvivedhim.c.Hishasaslim(渺茫)chanceof____________(survive).d.Theplanecrashedinthejungle,andtherewereno_________________(幸存者).--n.survival幸存，幸(残)存物n.survivor幸存者2.survivev.survivalsurvivorsGotoanopenspaceawayfrombuildings,trees,andpowerlines.a.电力(electricity)，动力powerstation/plant发电厂b.Iwilldoeverythinginmypowertohelpyou.

(人)的能力c.Aftertheaccidentshelost

thepowerofspeech.

(人)的生理机能d.Morethanfameandfortune,shewantedpower.

(人)的权力，控制力，影响力，职权e.Everynaturaldisastershowsthepowerofnature.

(事物)的力量，威力f.Neverbeforehasourcountrybeenso_________(power)asitistoday.3.powern.powerfuladj.强大的，有威力的Anemergencykitshouldincludeaflashlight,awhistle,afirstaidkitandsoon.--anemergencykit应急工具箱afirstaidkit急救(工具)箱a.Withthehelpofexperts,hefoundthesolutiontothisproblem.--withtheaidof...在……的帮助下b.Thesoldierscametothesurvivors’rescue.--cometoone’said/help/rescue帮助某人e.Thenewtestshouldaiddoctorswiththeearlydetection(察觉/发现)ofthedisease.aidsb.withsth帮助某人某事；4.aidn.&v.帮助，救援aidaidThemostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday...昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发了冲击亚洲沿海地带的海啸，a.crashv.发出巨响，猛烈撞击b.Thenewsthattheplanehadcrashedmadeussad.

Hecrashedhiscarintoawall.

飞机坠毁；汽车碰撞c.Thecompanycrashedwithdebts(债)of£2million.Files(文件)canbelostifthesystem(系统)suddenlycrashes.（公司等）倒闭；（股票）暴跌；（计算机等）死机5.crashv.&n.crashn.1.Weheardahugecrash.2.Allthepassengerswerekilledintheplanecrash.3.Herearesometipsforcomputersystemcrashes.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,Sundayoff

thewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.周日上午7点左右，印尼苏门答腊岛西海岸附近发生了海底地震。

Tsunamiwavescanstrikeoutofnowhereandcausealotofdestruction.海啸会突然袭来，造成巨大的破坏。a.--strikev.(不幸/灾难)突然降临，突然袭击/爆发--hit

(struck,struck/stricken)eg.1.地震灾区：earthquake-strickenareas

2.Foreignaidisbeingorganizedforthetsunami-hitcountries.6.strikev.b.Strikewhiletheironishot.

c.Thebusdriverswere

strikingformoremoney.d.Agoodideastruckme.e.Itstruckmethatwemighthavemadethewrongdecision.f.Thelittlegirlstruckamatchinthecoldnight.g.Theclockjuststrucktwelve.h.Whatstruckmemostwastheenthusiasm(热情)ofthelocals.6.strikev.打/撞击罢工让某人突然想到：strikesb.Itstrikes/hits/occurstosbthat...划/擦时钟敲响/报时给某人以某种……印象strikefearintoone’sheart让某人感到害怕go/beonstrike罢工1.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,wasvisitingamuseumwhen______________________________

(发生地震).2.Wewouldspend1,500yuanpurchasing(购买)somepensfortheneedystudentsin__________________________

(贫困地区).3.______________________

(我突然想到)playingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmoment.

(2015全国完形)4.趁热打铁。______________________________theearthquakestruck/hitpoverty-strickenareasItstruckmethatStrikewhiletheironishot.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被高达9.0级的强震所引发的巨浪卷走。7.sweepv.(swept,swept)

--sweepaway消灭；彻底消除eg.洪水冲走了所有的房子。Thefloodsweptawayallthehouses.8.waven.波浪，海浪；（声、电、光)波wavev.挥动--wavegoodbyetosb.=wavesb.goodbye

向某人挥手告别However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.--a.递送/运送物品eg.Wepromisetodeliverfreeofchargewithin48hours.b.Sheisgoingtodeliveraspeech/lectureinthehall.c.Couldyoupleasedeliveramessageforhimd.LinQiaozhi,knownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”,haddeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.e.Pleasepayforgoodson_________________(deliver).adeliveryman快递员/送货员9.deliverv.b.发表c.传达d.接生(孩子);帮助(某人)分娩deliveryI