新高考新教材适用2025版高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解考点分类练九主旨大意题-段落大意类

考点分类练(九)主旨大意题——段落大意类A(2024山东聊城二模)Theworldisgoingthroughabasictransformation,whichischangingthewaywelive,workandthink.TheFourthIndustrialRevolutionisbringingdramaticchangeandgivingrisetoafuturefilledwithexcitingopportunitiesandnewchallenges.Togethergovernmentsandbusinessesmustfindsolutionstosociety’smostpressingneeds—fromcreatingacarbon-freeeconomytotacklingpopulationgrowthandurbanization.Inanyperiodofrapidchangethereisatrendtolookforasimplemethod,togreetthenewthingsandreplacetheoldwayofdoingthings.Butacloselookatthefactstellsadifferentstory.Complexproblemsrequiremanysolutionsworkinginharmonytoenablepositivechange.Thechallengeforscientistsandtheengineersistoprovidesolutionsinfact,dataandtoday’srealities.Andwhiletechnologiesoffernewtoolstohelpuncoversolutions,theprocessalsorequireshardwork,imaginationandlotsofimprovement.Successrestsonperformingpractical,realistic,long-termsolutionsthatmaketheworldcleaner,saferandmoresustainable.Theenvironmentisacaseinpoint.Muchofthepublicdebatehascenteredonthecentralroleofrenewablepowersourcesinrealizingalow-carbonenergyfuture.Whiletheindustryisfullybehindthedevelopingrenewables,todayweunderstandaloworzero-carbonfuturedependsonadoptingamultifacetedapproach.Wecannotcontrolsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblows,whichmeanssolarpowerandwindpowergeneratorswillproducetoomuchortoolittleenergyattimes.Thetransitiontorenewablesneedstotakeaccountofseriousconsiderations.Batterieshavebeenmuchdiscussedasameansofstoringextraenergy,butthereareotherchoices.Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergycreatedbyrenewablestobestoredandredistributedwhenandwhereitisneeded.1.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Society’sdramaticchangecallsforsimplemethods.B.Oldmeansofdoingthingsshouldbereplacedbynewones.C.Societyneedspositivechangefordevelopment.D.Someproblemsshouldbesolvedincombinedways.2.Whatdoestheauthorexpectscientistsandengineerstodo?A.Offernewtoolstouncoversolutions.B.Tacklepopulationgrowth.C.Workhardwithimagination.D.Maketheworldbetterwithasimplemethod.3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheconsumptionofthesolarpowerandwindpower?A.Uncertain. B.Cautious.C.Unconfident. D.Doubtful.4.WhichofthefollowingistheadvantageofPower-to-Xtechnologies?A.Theycanadjustpowersupply.B.Theycanconserveenergy.C.Theyhelpmakemoreelectricity.D.Theycancreatepowerfromwindandsun.BTheTiangongspacestationisaspacestationbeingconstructedbyChina.Theconstructionofthestationisbasedontheexperiencegainedfromitspioneers,Tiangong-1andTiangong-2.Thefirstmodule(舱),theTianhecoremodule,waslaunchedon29April2024,followedbymultiplecrewedanduncrewedmissionsandtwomoremodulestobelaunchedby2024.AccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA),whichoperatesthespacestation,thepurposeandmissionsofTiangongspacestationarelistedas:breakthroughinkeytechnologiessuchaspermanenthumanoperationsinorbit,long-termautonomousspaceflightofthespacestation,lifesupporttechnology,developmentoftechnologythatcanaidfuturedeepspaceexploration.TheTianheCoreCabinModule(CCM)provideslifesupportandlivingquartersforthreecrewmembersandprovidesguidance,navigation(导航)forthestation.Themodulealsoprovidesthestation’spowerandlifesupportsystem.Thestationisequippedwithasmallkitchenforfoodpreparationandthefirst-evermicrowaveoveninthespaceflight,sothatastronautscanalwayshavehotfoodwhenevertheyneed.120differenttypesoffood,selectedbasedonastronauts’preference,arestoredaboard.China’sintentiontobuilditsownspacestationwasamplified(增加的)afterNASArefusedChineseparticipationinInternationalSpaceStationin2011.On22February2017,CMSAandItalianSpaceAgency(ASD)signedanagreementtocooperateonlong-termhumanspaceflightactivities.TheagreementholdsimportanceduetoItaly’sleadingpositioninthefieldofhumanspaceflightwithregardtothecreationanddevelopmentoftheInternationalSpaceStationanditshowsItaly’sincreasedexpectationinChina’sdevelopingspacestationprogram.Tiangongisalsoexpectedtohostexperimentsfrommanyothercountries.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheTiangongspacestation?A.Itaimstobuildacoremodule.B.Itsconstructionhasbeenfinished.C.Self-controlledflightisimpossible.D.Itcanfurtherassistspaceexploration.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Foodstoredaboardthestation.B.Waysofcookinginspace.C.LivingconditionsonCCM.D.Lifesupportingtechnologies.7.WhatwillthefutureoftheTiangongspacestationbelikeaccordingtothetext?A.Dependentandunclear.B.Promisingandinfluential.C.Leadingbutunpredictable.D.Internationalizedbutrisky.8.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythistextappear?A.Spacefiction. B.Lifehealth.C.Historicalevents. D.Science.C(2024山东日照一模)TheexactlocationinFrancewhereDutchmasterVincentvanGoghpaintedhislastworkofarthasbeendiscovered.ADutchresearcherfiguredoutthatascenedescribedintheartist’slastwork,TreeRoots,wasvisibleonapostcardshowingamanstandingnexttoabicycleonabackstreetofthevillageAuvers-sur-Oise.VanGoghspentthelastweeksofhislifeinthevillage.Helpfully,thecardevenincludedthenameofthestreet.Researchersweregivenauniqueglimpse(体验)intothefamouspainter’sfinalhours.Hewasatworkrightuptotheend.WoutervanderVeen,scientificdirectoroftheVanGoghInstituteinFrance,madethediscovery.Whilestuckathome,WoutervandeVeenusedtheextratimetoorganizethenumerousfilesanddocumentsonVincentvanGogh,includingimagessuchastheoldpostcardfromAuvers-sur-Oise.OnedayinlateApril,hesawthecardonhiscomputerscreenanditsuddenlystruckhimthathewaslookingatthelocationofTreeRoots.Nexttothemanandhisbicycle,rootsandtreesareclearlyvisible.HetookavirtualtripdownthesiteusingGoogle’sStreetView.“Villagersknowthespotandthemaintreerootwell,evengivingitthename‘theelephant’becauseofitsshapes,”WoutervanderVeensaid.“Itwasreallyhidinginovertsight.”ThediscoveryprovidestouristswithanextrareasontovisitAuvers-sur-Oise.“Theytravelalotjustforonereason—towalkinthefootstepsofVincentvanGogh.Nowtheycanstandattheveryplacewherehepaintedhislastpainting,”WoutervanderVeensaid.“Andthat’saverymovingthingforalotofpeople.SoI’mveryhappytobeabletosharethatwithallthosewholoveVincentvanGogh.”9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatthepostcardrevealed.B.HowTreeRootswasdiscovered.C.WhyAuvers-sur-Oisebecameknown.D.WherevanGoghpaintedhisworks.10.HowdidWoutervanderVeenconfirmhisdiscovery?A.HestudiedapictureofAuvers-sur-Oise.B.HeorganizedhisdataonVincentvanGogh.C.HetraveledtoFrancetoseeforhimself.D.Hepaidavisittothespotonline.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overt”inparagraph5mean?A.Mixed. B.Obvious.C.Lovely. D.Strange.12.WhatcanweinferabouttouriststoAuvers-sur-Oise?A.Theyenjoyexploringhowtopaint.B.TheysharetheirloveforVincentvanGogh.C.TheyadmireVincentvanGoghverymuch.D.Theywanttoexperiencethelifethere.

考点分类练(九)主旨大意题——段落大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。当今世界第四次工业革命带来了巨大的改变,同时也给将来带来了更多的机会和新的挑战,因此,我们解决环境问题的方式应当多样化。1.D解析:段落大意题。由其次段中的“Inanyperiodofrapidchangethereisatrendtolookforasimplemethod,togreetthenewthingsandreplacetheoldwayofdoingthings.Butacloselookatthefactstellsadifferentstory.Complexproblemsrequiremanysolutionsworkinginharmonytoenablepositivechange.”可知,本段主要说明解决问题不能一味追求简洁的方法,有的问题应当用多种方法协调解决。故选D项。2.C解析:细微环节理解题。由第三段中“Andwhiletechnologiesoffernewtoolstohelpuncoversolutions,theprocessalsorequireshardwork,imaginationandlotsofimprovement.”可知,作者希望科学家和工程师带着想象力努力工作,以供应解决方案。故选C项。3.D解析:推理推断题。由倒数其次段“Wecannotcontrolsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblows,whichmeanssolarpowerandwindpowergeneratorswillproducetoomuchortoolittleenergyattimes.Thetransitiontorenewablesneedstotakeaccountofseriousconsiderations.”可知,作者认为太阳能和风能是人们无法限制的,须要仔细考虑向可再生能源的过渡,由此推知,作者对运用太阳能和风能持怀疑看法。故选D项。4.A解析:细微环节理解题。由最终一段中“Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergycreatedbyrenewablestobestoredandredistributedwhenandwhereitisneeded.”可知,Power-to-X技术可以在适当的时间和地点对所储存的再生资源进行储存和再安排,即它的优势是调整能源供应。故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国正在建立的空间站——天宫空间站的目的、任务,以及天宫空间站的将来影响力。5.D解析:细微环节理解题。由其次段“AccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA),whichoperates...developmentoftechnologythatcanaidfuturedeepspaceexploration.”可知,天宫空间站可以进一步帮助太空探究,故选D项。6.C解析:段落大意题。通读本段内容可知,该段主要讲的是CCM的生活状况,即LivingconditionsonCCM,故选C项。7.B解析:推理推断题。由最终一段中“TheagreementholdsimportanceduetoItaly’sleadingpositioninthefieldofhumanspaceflight...Tiangongisalsoexpectedtohostexperimentsfrommanyothercountries.”可知,天宫空间站的将来将会是有前途和有影响力的,即“Promisingandinfluential”,故选B项。8.D解析:推理推断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍的是天宫空间站,属于科学领域的内容,由此可知,该文应在网站的科学部分出现,故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了探讨人员偶然间在一张明信片上发觉了凡·高人生最终一幅画的创作地点这一事情。9.A解析:主旨大意题