美国流行性感冒（流感）情况分析报告-外文版培训课件

POLITICS

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SOCIETYInfluenzaintheU.S.CHAPTER

01OverviewEstimatednumberoffatalitiesduetoinfluenzapandemicsintheUnitedStatesFatalitiesduetoflupandemicsintheU.S.800,000675,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,0000116,000100,00012,469Spanishflu(1918-1919)Asianflu(1957-1958)HongKongflu(1968-1969)SwineFlu/H1N1(2009)3Description:ThisstatisticshowstheestimatednumberofpeoplewhodiedintheUnitedStatesduringinfluenzapandemics.DuringtheSpanishflufrom1918to1919around675,000peopleintheU.S.wereestimatedtohavedied.Morerecently,around12,469peoplediedfromtheswinefluorH1N1pandemicin2009.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;asof2017Source(s):CDCTop10causesofdeathintheU.S.in1900and2022(per100,000population)MajorcausesofdeathintheU.S.:1900and2022Cause

ofdeathPneumoniaorinfluenzaTuberculosis1900202.2194.4142.7137.4106.988.62022GastrointestinalinfectionsHeartdisease167.2CerebrovasculardiseaseNephropathiesAccidents13.86472.3Cancer64142.3Senility50.2Diphtheria40.3COVID-1944.539.534.3StrokeChroniclowerrespiratorydisease4Description:TheleadingcausesofdeathintheUnitedStateshavechangedsignificantlyfromtheyear1900tothepresent.Leadingcausesofdeathin1900,suchastuberculosis,gastrointestinalinfections,anddiphtheriahaveseenhugedecreasesindeathratesandarenolongeramongtheleadingcausesofdeathintheUnitedStates.However,otherdiseasessuchasheartdiseaseandcancerhaveseenincreaseddeathrates.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;*Figuresfor1900weretakenfromaseparatesourceandcanbefoundhere.ReadmoreSource(s):CDC;NCHS;TheAtlanticDistributionofthe10leadingcausesofdeathintheUnitedStatesin2022LeadingcausesofdeathintheUnitedStates2022Percentageofalldeathcauses0%5%10%15%20%25%30%HeartdiseaseMalignantneoplasms21.4%18.5%Accidents(unintentionalinjuries)COVID-196.9%5.7%5%4.5%3.7%3.1%CerebrovasculardiseasesChroniclowerrespiratorydiseasesAlzheimer’sdiseaseDiabetesmellitusNephritis,nephroticsyndromeandnephrosisChronicliverdiseaseandcirrhosisOther1.8%1.7%27.7%5Description:HeartdiseaseiscurrentlytheleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStates.In2022,COVID-19wasthefourthleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStates,accountingforalmostsixpercentofalldeathsthatyear.TheleadingcausesofdeathworldwidearesimilartothoseintheUnitedStates.However,diarrhealdiseasesandneonatalconditionsaremajorcausesofdeathworldwide,butarenotamongtheleadingcausesintheUnitedStates.Instead,accidentsandchronicliverdiseasehavea[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStatesSource(s):CDC;NCHSProportionofadultsconcernedaboutinfluenzaintheU.S.in2022U.S.adults'levelofconcernaboutinfluenzain202235%33%30%25%20%15%10%5%24%20%18%5%0%VeryconcernedSomewhatconcernedNotveryconcernedNotatallconcernedDon'tknow/noopinion6Description:Accordingtoa2022surveyintheU.S.,aroundhalfofadultsreportedfeelingveryconcernedorsomewhatconcernedaboutinfluenza.Incomparison,20percentindicatedthattheywerenotconcernedatall.ThisstatisticshowstheproportionofadultsconcernedaboutinfluenzaintheU.S.in2022.ReadmoreNote(s):NorthAmerica,UnitedStates;October10to28,2022;4,420respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):MorningConsultProportionofadultsconcernedaboutinfluenzaintheU.S.in2022,byagegroupU.S.adults'levelofconcernaboutinfluenzain2022,byagegroup18to34years35to44years37%45to64years65yearsandolder40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%33%31%30%26%25%24%23%22%22%21%20%18%

18%17%15%8%4%4%2%0%VeryconcernedSomewhatconcernedNotveryconcernedNotatallconcernedDon'tknow/noopinion7/statistics/1094602/influenza-concern-by-age-group-usAccordingtoa2022survey,overhalfofadultsovertheageof65intheU.S.reportedfeelingveryconcernedorsomewhatconcernedaboutinfluenza.ThisstatisticshowstheproportionofadultsconcernedaboutinfluenzaintheU.S.in2022,byagegroup.ReadmoreNote(s):NorthAmerica,UnitedStates;October10to28,2022;4,385respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):MorningConsultTotalpneumonia&influenzafundingbytheNationalInstitutesforHealth(NIH)fromFY2013toFY2025(inmillionU.S.dollars)Totalpneumonia&influenzafundingbytheNationalInstitutesforHealth2013-20257006606546446465925786005004003002001000521467407408384380362201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024*2025*8Description:Pneumonia&influenzafundingbytheNIHwasaround654millionU.S.dollarsduringfiscalyear2023.Thisgraphshowsthetotalpneumonia&influenzafundingbytheNationalInstitutesforHealth(NIH)fromFY2013toFY2023andestimatesforFY2024andFY2025.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;asofMay2024Source(s):NIHCHAPTER

02DiseaseburdenNumberofspecimenstestingpositiveforinfluenzaintheUnitedStatesin2023,byweekandsubtype/lineageNumberofInfluenzacasesintheU.S.in2023,byweekandsubtypeA(H1N1)A(H3)A(Notsubtyped)B(Victoria)B(Yamagata)B(Notdetermined)2,5002,0001,5001,00050001

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5210Description:ThenumberofnewcasesofinfluenzaintheUnitedStatesishighestatthebeginningoftheyearandattheendoftheyear.ThisstatisticshowsthenumberofspecimenswhichtestedpositiveforinfluenzaintheUnitedStatesin2023,byweekandbysubtypeorlineage.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2023Source(s):WHOEstimatednumberofinfluenzacasesintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2023(inmillions)NumberofinfluenzacasesintheUnitedStatesfrom2010-202345414036343530252015105313030292924219.39.402010-2011

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2022-202311Description:Influenza,alsocalledtheflu,isoneofthemostinfectiousdiseasesworldwide.Itssymptomsrangefrommildtosevere,andincludesorethroat,cough,runnynose,fever,headache,andmusclepain,butcanalsocausesevereillnessanddeathamonghigh-riskpopulationssuchastheelderlyandchildren.Duringthe2022-2023fluseason,therewere31millioncasesofinfluenzaintheUnitedStates.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2023Source(s):CDCEstimatednumberofinfluenza-relatedmedicalvisitsintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2023(inmillions)Numberofinfluenza-relatedmedicalvisitsintheUnitedStatesfrom2010-202320181816161412108151414131313101064.34.34202010-2011

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2022-2023*12Description:Accordingtothedata,inthe2019-2020fluseasontherewereanestimated16millionmedicalvisitsintheUnitedStatesrelatedtoinfluenza.Thisstatisticdepictstheestimatednumberofinfluenza-relatedmedicalvisitsyearlyintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2023.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2023;*Estimatesarepreliminaryandmaychangeasdataarefinalized.ReadmoreSource(s):CDCNumberofinfluenzahospitalizationsintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2023NumberofinfluenzahospitalizationsintheUnitedStatesfrom2010-2023800,000700,000710,000590,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,0000570,000500,000390,000380,000360,000350,000290,000280,000100,00012,0002010-2011

2011-2012

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2022-202313/statistics/861153/flu-hospitalization-rate-usAccordingtothedata,itisestimatedthatin2022-2023therewerearound360,000hospitalizationsduetoinfluenzaintheUnitedStates.ThisstatisticdepictstheestimatednumberofhospitalizationsforinfluenzaintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2023.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2023Source(s):CDCRateofhospitalizationsduetoinfluenzaduringthe2022-2023fluseasonintheUnitedStates,byagegroup*Rateofinfluenza-relatedhospitalizationsintheU.S.in2022-2023,byagegroupRateper100,000population1500501002002503003500-4years5-17years18-49years50-64years65+years125.745.944.7105.9332.414Description:IntheUnitedStates,thehighestrateofhospitalizationsduetoinfluenzaareamongthoseaged65yearsandolder.Duringthe2022-2023fluseason,therateofhospitalizationsduetoinfluenzaamongthisagegroupwasabout332per100,000population,comparedtoarateofaround46per100,000forthoseaged5to17years.Influenzaisacommonviralinfectionthatusuallydoesnotrequiremedicaltreatment.However,fortheveryyoung,theold,andthosewithcertainpre-existing[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022-2023;*Someofthedatausedtocalculateburdenestimatesareincompleteornotyetavailable.Theseestimateswillchangeasthosedatabecomeavailableandtheestimatesareupdated.

ReadmoreSource(s):CDC(NationalCenterforImmunizationandRespiratoryDiseases(NCIRD))NumberofinfluenzadeathsintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2023NumberofinfluenzadeathsintheUnitedStatesfrom2010-202360,00051,00051,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,000042,00038,00037,00036,00027,00025,00022,00021,00012,0004,9002010-2011

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2022-202315Description:TheburdenofinfluenzaintheUnitedStatescanvaryfromyeartoyeardependingonwhichvirusesarecirculating,howmanypeoplereceiveaninfluenzavaccination,andhoweffectivethevaccinationisinthatparticularyear.Duringthe2019-2020fluseason,around25,000peoplelosttheirlivestothedisease.Althoughmostpeoplerecoverfrominfluenzawithoutneedingmedicalcare,thediseasecanbedeadlyamongyoungchildren,theelderly,andthosewithweakenedimmunesystems[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2023Source(s):CDCInfluenzamortalityrateduringthe2022-2023fluseasonintheUnitedStates,byagegroup*MortalityrateforinfluenzaintheU.S.in2022-2023,byagegroupRateper100,000population1505102025300-4years5-17years18-49years50-64years65+years1.20.50.77.226.616Description:ThemortalityratefrominfluenzaintheUnitedStatesisbyfarhighestamongthoseaged65yearsandolder.Duringthe2022-2023fluseasonthemortalityratefrominfluenzaforthisagegroupwasaround26.6per100,000population.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022-2023;*Someofthedatausedtocalculateburdenestimatesareincompleteornotyetavailable.Theseestimateswillchangeasthosedatabecomeavailableandtheestimatesareupdated.

ReadmoreSource(s):CDC(NationalCenterforImmunizationandRespiratoryDiseases(NCIRD))DeathsbyinfluenzaandpneumoniaintheU.S.from1950to2019(per100,000population)DeathsbyinfluenzaandpneumoniaintheU.S.1950-2019Deathrateper100,000population10

15052025201920182017201620152014201320122011201020092008200712.314.914.313.515.215.115.115.914.415.716.517.616.817Description:Influenzaandpneumoniacausedaround12.3deathsintheU.S.per100,000populationin2019.InfluenzaandpneumoniaareamongtheleadingcausesofdeathintheUnitedStates,accountingforaround1.6percentofalldeathsin2020.Influenza,ortheflu,isaviralinfectionthatishighlycontagiousandespeciallycommoninthewinterseason.Influenzaisacommoncauseofpneumonia,althoughmostcasesofthefludonotdevelopintopneumonia.Pneumoniaisaninfectionor[...]ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStatesSource(s):CDC;NCHSCHAPTER

03VaccinationcoveragePercentageofindividualswithafluvaccineintheU.S.from2014to2023,byageFluvaccinecoverageintheU.S.2014-2023,byage6monthsto4years80%5-12years13-17years18-49years50-64years65yearsandolder70%60%50%40%30%20%2014-20152015-20162016-20172017-20182018-20192019-20202020-20212021-20222022-202319Description:IntheUnitedStates,influenzavaccinationratesdiffergreatlybyage.Forexample,duringthe2022-2023fluseason,around70percentofthoseaged65yearsandolderreceivedaninfluenzavaccination,comparedtojust35percentofthoseaged18to49years.TheCDCrecommendsthateveryonesixmonthsandolderintheUnitedStatesshouldgetvaccinatedagainstinfluenzaeveryyear,withafewexceptions.Althoughinfluenzaismildformostpeopleitcanleadtohospitalizationandeven[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2014to2023Source(s):CDCPercentageofolderpeoplewhoreceivedaninfluenzavaccinationduringthefluseasonintheU.S.from2010to2023PercentageofU.S.olderpeoplewhoreceivedinfluenzavaccination2010-2023Percentageofrespondents0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%66.6%64.9%66.2%65%66.7%80%2010-112011-122012-132013-142014-152015-162016-172017-182018-192019-202020-212021-222022-2363.4%65.3%59.6%68.1%69.8%75.2%73.9%69.7%20Description:In2022-23,around70percentofU.S.adultsaged65yearsandolderstatedthattheyhadbeenvaccinatedthatseason.ThissurveydepictsthepercentageofolderpeopleintheUnitedStateswhoreceivedaninfluenzavaccinationduringthefluseasonsfrom2010to2023.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;65yearsandolderSource(s):CDC;NCHS;TableauSoftwarePercentageofU.S.collegestudentswhohadreceivedafluvaccinewithinthelast12months,asoffall2023ShareofU.S.collegestudentswithafluvaccineinthepastyear,asoffall2023Don'tknow7%No45.6%Yes47.4%21Description:OftheU.S.collegestudentssurveyedin2023,around47percentreportedhavinghadafluvaccinewithinthelast12months.ThisstatisticshowsthepercentageofcollegestudentsintheU.S.whoreceivedavaccinationagainstinfluenzainthelast12months,asoffall2022.ReadmoreNote(s):NorthAmerica,UnitedStates;Fall2023;24,473students;18yearsandolder;38

schoolsSource(s):NCHAPercentageofpeopleintheU.S.whohadreceivedaninfluenzavaccinationduringthe2022-23fluseason,byrace/ethnicityFluvaccinationcoverageintheU.S.duringthe2022-23fluseason,byracePercentageofpeople0%10%20%30%40%50%60%OverallWhiteonly,non-HispanicBlackonly,non-HispanicHispanic49.3%52.2%45.1%43.8%Other,non-Hispanic*49.6%22Description:Duringthe2022-23fluseasonintheUnitedStates,onlyaround49percentofpeoplereceivedaninfluenzavaccination.ThisstatisticshowsthepercentageofpeopleintheU.S.aged6monthsandolderwhohadreceivedaninfluenzavaccinationduringthe2022-23fluseason,byrace/ethnicity.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022-2023;6monthsandolderSource(s):CDCPercentageofU.S.childrenaged6monthsto17yearswhohadreceivedaninfluenzavaccinationduringthe2022-23fluseason,byrace/ethnicityFluvaccinationcoverageamongU.S.childrenduringthe2022-23fluseason,byracePercentageofchildren0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%OverallWhiteonly,non-HispanicBlackonly,non-HispanicHispanic57.4%55.6%53%60.9%Asian72.4%AmericanIndian/AlaskaNative(AI/AN)Otherormultipleraces*50.6%56.4%23Description:Duringthe2022-23fluseasonintheUnitedStates,around61percentofHispanicchildrenaged6monthsto17yearsreceivedaninfluenzavaccination.ThisstatisticshowsthepercentageofchildrenintheU.S.aged6monthsto17yearswhohadreceivedaninfluenzavaccinationduringthe2022-23fluseason,byrace/ethnicity.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022-2023;6months-17yearsSource(s):CDCCHAPTER

04ImpactofvaccinationNumberofinfluenzaA-andB-associatedillnessespreventedbyinfluenzavaccinationintheU.S.from2022to2023,byagegroupNumberofinfluenza-relatedillnessespreventedbyvaccinationU.S.2022-2023,byage2,500,0001,912,5222,000,0001,500,0001,000,000500,00001,488,9131,314,988929,408340,1686monthsto4years5-17years18-49yearsAgegroup50-64years65yearsandolder25Description:Duringthe2022-2023influenzaseason,itwasestimatedthattheinfluenzavaccinationpreventedaround929,408casesofillnessesinchildrenagedsixmonthstofouryears.ThisstatisticshowstheestimatednumberofinfluenzaA-andB-associatedillnessespreventedbyinfluenzavaccinationintheU.S.duringthe2022-2023influenzaseason,byagegroup.ReadmoreNote(s):NorthAmerica,UnitedStates;2022to2023Source(s):CDCNumberofinfluenzaA-andB-associatedmedicalvisitspreventedbyinfluenzavaccinationintheU.S.from2022to2023,byagegroupNumberofmedicalvisitspreventedbyinfluenzavaccinationsU.S.2022-2023,byage1,200,000994,5121,000,000800,000600,000400,000200,0000622,704565,445550,898190,4946monthsto4years5-17years18-49yearsAgegroup50-64years65yearsandolder26Description:Duringthe2022-2023influenzaseason,theinfluenzavaccinationpreventedanestimated622,704medicalvisitsinchildrenagedsixmonthstofouryears.ThisstatisticshowstheestimatednumberofinfluenzaA-andB-associatedmedicalvisi