江苏省常州某中学2022-2023学年高三年级上册1月月考英语试题

2022-2023学年江苏常州高级中学

高三年级1月月考英语试卷

总分120分考试时间120分钟

一、阅读理解（共30分）

FourLittle-knownEuropeanDestinations

Everyone'sheardofEurope'smajortouristdestinationsandrightlyso-afterall,

Amsterdam,Berlin,ParisandRomeareallfamousforareason.Buttherearestillnumerous

citiesandregionsthataren'tevenmentionedontypicalEuropean"to—do"lists.Thefollowing

destinationsofferaperfectreasontostepslightlyoffthebeatentrack.

Innsbruck,Austria

BuriedatthefootofthetoweringAlps,theAustriancityofInnsbruckoffersguestsa

chancetoappreciateablendofoldandnew.Theoldtowndatesbackover800years,and

providesaglimpseatMedievallifeintheregion,whilethemodernHomeoftheGiant,a

massivecenterofarts,entertainmentandshopping,isthelargestofitskindintheworld.

WithinthecenteristhestunningSwarovskioCrystalCloud.Duringwintermonths,tourists

canparticipateinvariousalpineactivities.Skiing,snowboardingandmanyothersportsare

offeredonthenearbyslopes;duringsummer,theareaprovidesaperfectsiteforrock

climbingandhiking.NatureloverscanvisittheAlpineZoo,whilehistoryloverscangetlost

inthemanymuseumsandgalleriesthetownhastooffer.

Tallinn,Estonia

LocatedinEstoniaandrarelyfeaturedasamust-seedestination,Tallinn,nonetheless,

offersafascinatingchancetorelivehistoryinoneofEurope'slesser-visitednations.Avibrant

citythatfrequentlyhostsfestivalsofvariousgenres,TallinnishometotheexpansiveKumu

ArtMuseum,whichhasgotbothclassicandcontemporarypieces,andtheOpenAirMuseum,

arecreatedhistoricvillagecompletewithstaffinancientcostumes.Toaddabrilliantfinal

touchtotheEstonianexperience,visitorsshouldlistenforthehauntingsoundsoftheorgan

fromoneofthemanychurchesaroundthecity.

CinqueTerre,Italy

AUNESCOWorldHeritageSitesince1997,thevillagesofCinqueTerrehavearange

ofactivitiesforeveryone.Outdoorenthusiastscanopttodiveorsnorkel。替水）inthemarine

park,andanyonechasingnaturecanwatchthebirdlifeintheRiomaggiore'sTorreGuardiola.

ManarolaisfamousforproducingSciacchetrawine,andanothervillage,Vernazza,isknown

foritscobbled（铺有鹅卵石的）streetandvariouslaneways.Vernazzaisalsohometothe

Gothic-Ligurianchurch,whichwasbuiltin1318.

Zadar,Croatia

Fullofcreativearchitectureandfullofhistory,thecityofZadarinCroatiacontinuesto

fascinatevisitorsyearafteryear.ThefamousWideStreet,whichisevenolderthanthecity

itselfisareminderoftheRomaninfluenceonthearea.TheMuseumofAncientGlasshasa

vastcollectionofRomanglasswarefromthecommanding19th-centuryCosmacendiPalace.

1.What'sthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Toexplainwhythefourplacesare"offthebeatentrack".

B.TocomparethefourplaceswithEurope'smajortouristdestinations.

C.TorequirethefourplacestobeaddedontypicalEuropean"to-do"lists.

D.Toillustratetheuniqueattractionsworthseeinginthefourplaces.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrightbasedonthepassage?

A.Innsbruckisacharmingcity,drawingnaturalexplorers,artloversandshopaholics.

B.IntheOpenAirMuseum,visitorsmayexperiencehistorywiththestaffdressedinclothes

ofancienttimes.

C.CinqueTerreprovidesanaccesstoexcitingoutdooractivitiesandrelaxingculturaltour.

D.TheWideStreetreflectstheRomaninfluenceonthecityofZadarforit'sevenolderthan

thecityitself.

3.Mr.SmithisanatureloverkeenonvariousactivitieswhileMrs.Smithisareligiousperson

eagertovisitbeautifulchurches.Whichofthefollowingplacesdoyousuggesttothecouple

foraholiday?

A.Innsbruck,AustriaB.Tallinn,Estonia

C.CinqueTerre,ItalyD.Zadar,Croatia

Itookajobatavet（曾■医）clinicalmostfivedecadesago.Asanenthusiasticanimal

lover,IacceptedthepositionontheconditionthatIwouldn'thavetoassistwithanywounded

animals.Icouldn'tbeartoseeanycreatureinpain.

Attheendofmyfirstweek,wewereclosingtheofficeforthedaywhenayoungman

ranuptousholdingaseverelyinjuredDobermanpinscherpuppy（杜宾幼犬）inhisarmsand

beggingustosavehislife.Thefour-month-oldpuphadbeenhitbyacar.

ThedoctorandIranbackintotheoperatingroom.Theonlyplacetheskinwasstill

attachedtothispoorlittleanimal*sbodywasaroundoneshoulder.Thevetworkedtirelessly

forwhatseemedlikehours,sewinghimbacktogetheragain.Thatwastheeasypart.The

puppyhadbrokenmultiplebones,includinghisspine（脊椎）.Ifhesurvivedthenextfew

days,wewerequitesurehewouldneverwalk.

Thatdayforeverchangedmylife.Ibecamethevet'sassistantinallthingsmedical.One

ofmyfirstjobswastogivethatDobermanpuppydailyphysicaltherapy,Iremembermoving

histinylegstotrytokeephismusclesfromweakening.

Weekswentbyuntiloneday,Ifeltthislittlefighterpushbackeversoslightly.Andhe

continuedtopushbacktillhecouldfinallyusehislegs.

Fast-forwardaboutayear.Iwalkedintotheclinic*scrowdedwaitingroomandcalledthe

nameofthenextclient.Suddenly,ahugeDobermanwhohadbeenstandingquietlywithhis

ownerontheoppositesideoftheroombrokelooseanddashedtowardme.1foundmyself

pinnedagainstthewallwiththismagnificentdogstandingonhishindlegs,hisfrontpawson

myshoulders,washingmyfacewithabundantandjoyfulkisses!

Istilltearupinamazementatthedisplayofloveandgratitudethedoghadformethat

dayallthoseyearsago.

4.Whichwasthepossiblepositiontheauthortookoriginallyattheclinic?

A.Amedicalassistant.

B.Aprofessionalvet.

C.Anenthusiasticvolunteer.

D.Aregularreceptionist.

5.Howdidtheauthorhelpthedog?

A.Shesewedhiswounds.

B.Shefixedhisspine.

C.Shehelpedhimtorecover.

D.Shetaughthimtowalk.

6.Whatcanweinferaboutthedog?

A.Hestruggledtobeonhisfeet.

B.Helikedtolickpeople'sfaces.

C.Hegotwellimmediately.

D.Hegotfierceafterwards.

7.WhydidthehugeDobermandashtowardtheauthor?

A.TopushherawayB.Tobealuckydog

C.toshowhisgratitudetoherD.Toaskforsomefood

8.Whatisdiebesttitleof由ispassage?

A.AlovingvetB.Aluckydog

C.AgratefulpatientD.Alife-changingstory

ProfessorSunJun,aged93in2018,hasdevotedhislifetoworkingonChina'sgiant

constructionprojects,includingtheQinghai-Tibethighway,ThreeGorgesDam,andthe

YangtzeRiverTunnel.Inhislatestproject,theTongjiUniversityacademicservedasasenior

adviserontheconstructionoftheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.

UndertheguidanceofSun,XuWei,aprofessorinTonjiandSun'sstudent,tookover

technicalassistancefortheconstructionofthebridge.''EverytimeIsawSunandother

professorsworkingonthebridge,!feltatease,“saidLinMing,thegeneralprojectmanager.

LininitiallyinvitedanexperiencedDutchcompanytoserveasthetechnicalassistantforthe

project.ThecompanywantedtochargeUS$171million.HethenaskedforhelpfromXu

alongwithexpertsinTongjiUniversity.

ThemethodsdevelopedbyTongjiUniversityreducedtheimpactofthebridgeonthe

Chinesewhitedolphin,whichisunderfirstclassstateprotection.Thekeychallengeduring

theconstructionofthebridgewasthe6.7-kmunderwatertunnel,theworld'slongestand

deepestunderseatunnel.DingWenqi,whowasnicknamedthe44tunnelexpert"，wasaskedto

ensurethetubesbeconnectedperfectly-evenundertheinfluencesoflandsubsidence（下沉）,

waterpressureandtidemovement.HuXiangdong,anotherprofessorwithTongji,developed

amethodtofreezetheeartharoundthetunneltopreventwaterleakageandlandsubsidence

duringthediggingofthemostchallenging2-kmsectionofthetunnel.

ThetunnelsectionoftheprojectwascompletedinMay2017.Sunwasinvitedtovisit

thenear-completedbridgeagaininFebruary2018.Theexpertsaidhefeltthemostrelaxed

thistimesincemostofthechallengeshavebeenconquered.4inthenextstep,weshould

fbcusonhowtomakethetwoartificialislandsmorebeautifulandattracttravelers,Sunsaid.

XusaidallthestaffinmyofficetookagreatprideinwatchingtheTVnewsofthe

bridge'sofficialopeningonWednesday.

9.WhatisProfessorSun'scontributiontothebridge?

A.HeworkedinTongjiUniversity.

B.Hewasthegeneralprojectmanager.

C.Hegavemuchadviceontheproject.

D.Hetookoverthetechnicalassistance.

10.WhydidLinMingaskforhelpfromexpertsinTongjiUniversity?

A.TheDutchcompanychargedtoomuch.

B.Thetechnicalassistanthadtoomuchtrouble.

C.TongjiUniversitydidbestinthegiantprojects.

D.Hefeltrelaxedtoseeprofessorsworkingonthebridge.

11.What'sthegreatesttroubleinbuildingthebridge?

A.ProtectingtheChinesewhitedolphin.

B.Constructingthelongest&deepestunderseatunnel.

C.Controllingthewaterpressure.

D.Preventingthetide.

12.Howdidtheexpertstopwaterleakinginbuildingtheunderseatunnel?

A.Bykeepingthetidemoving.

B.Bydiggingdeepintothesea.

C.Byincreasingthewaterpressure.

D.Byfreezingthenearbyeartharoundthetunnel.

Canexerciseduringchildhoodprotectyouagainstmemorylossmanyyearslater?

Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inratsatleast.

“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisvery

important—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongtrackofcognitive

developmentduringageing,“saysMartinoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada.t€Inhumans,

itmayputofftheappearanceofAlzheimer'ssymptoms,possiblytothepointofpreventing

them."

Martin'steamdivided80youngmaleratsintotwoequalgroups,andplacedrunning

wheelsinthecagesofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater-when

theratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshock

withbeinginaspecificbox.Whenplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.

Twoweekslater,theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations:exactlythesameboxinthe

sameroom,thesameboxwiththeroomarrangeddifferently,andacompletelydifferentbox

inadifferentroom.

Theratswithoutaccesstoarunningwheelwhentheywereyoungnowfrozethesame

percentageoftimesineachofthesesituations,suggestingtheycouldn'trememberwhichone

wasdangerous.Butthosethathadbeenabletorunintheiryouthfroze40to50percentless

inbothchangedboxsettings.

“Theresultssuggesttheamountofphysicalactivitywhenwe'reyoung,atleastforrats,

hasinfluenceonbrainandcognitivehealth—intheformofbettermemories—whenwe're

older,saysArthurKramerofNortheasternUniversityinBoston,whohasfoundthat,in

humans,exerciseimprovesthegrowthofnewbraincells.

13.Thestudyshowsthat.

A.physicalactivityisimportantforphysicalhealth

B.usingtherunningwheelsisofbenefittotherats'growth

C.physicalactivitycanpreventhuman'sAlzheimer'ssymptoms

D.exercisewhenyoungcanpreventmemorylosswhenolderinrats

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?

A.exerciseB.developmentC.benefitD.study

15.HowareParagraph3and4mainlydeveloped?

A.Byanalyzingcauses.B・Bygivinganexample.

C.Bydescribingtheprocess.D.Byshowingdifferences.

16.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheanimalstudy?

A.Surprised.B.Objective（客观的）.C.Critical（批判性的）.D.Doubtful.

二、七选五（共10分）

Howtostopglassesfoggingupwithafacemask

Wearingamaskkeepsyousafeduringthepandemic,butitcomewithitsownsetof

challenges.And,oneofthebiggestdrawbacksofwearingamaskishowmuchyourglasses

fogupandaffectyourvision.Takingoffyourglassestowipethemcleaneachtimeitfogsup

isnotonlyfrustrating,butitcanalsoincreasetheriskofinfection.17Herearesome

trickstostopit.

Twistyourmaskstrings.

Fromtheside,onceyoutwistit,thestringswilllooklikethefigureeight.Thisisgreat

forstoppingfoggingbecauseitredirectsyourbreathbyputtingslightdownwardpressureon

thetoppartofthemask.18Thismayleaveyouinfectedbyvirus.

19

Ifyouwashyourglasseswithsoap,thiscreatesathinfilmonyourlenseswhichlimits

fogging.Useafragrance-freesoapandmixitwithwarmwater.Putyourglassesinitandlet

itairdry.Whenyouwearyourglassesnext,soapmoleculesonyourlensesshouldblock

fogging.

Usetissues.

Youcanputatissueunderthetoppartofthemask.20TodothisDIYtrick

properly,youshouldfoldatissueinhalfandplacethestraightedgealongthebridgeofyour

nose.

Changethepositionofyourmasksandglasses.

21Butifyoudothisthereareafewthingstokeepinmind.Firstly,youneedto

makesurethatyourmaskstillcoversyourchin（下巴）afteryoupullitup.And,ifyour

prescriptionisstronger,thistrickcouldimpactyourvisionandcauseincreasedblurriness.

A.Putglassesinthewater.

B.Washyourglasseswithsoap.

C.Itwillhelpcatchairanddamp,keepingyourglassesfreeoffog.

D.Sothekeyistopreventorminimizefoggingduetofacemasks.

E.Coveryourchinwithmaskstopreventneedforrepositioningwhentalking.

F.Though,it'sworthnotingthatitdoescreateaslightgapbetweenthemaskandyourface.

G.Pullupyourmaskanddrawyourglassesdown,blockingyourbreathfromrisingupwards.

三、完形填空（共30分）

Likemanyyoungpeople,Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe.Unlikemostofthem,this

25-year-oldisdoingit22.Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyears

travelingtheworld,stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.Itmightsoundlikeone

long,expensive23,butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravel

24

They'repartofanewformofthe25economy:anonlinegroupofhousesitters.

Throughouttheirno-coststaysin26homes,theyfeedpetsandwaterplantsinthe

homeowner's27.

Ifsnotallsightseeing.Thetwotravelerscarefully28theirtrips,schedulingtheir

daysaroundthepetsthataresometimesdifficultto29.Buthousesittingalsooffersa

levelof30theycan'tfindinahotel."It'slike31atafriencfshouse,n

Jessicasays.

Thecouplehasahigh32rateingettingacceptedashousesittersandthey

alwaysgobeyondthehomeowner's33.ForJessica,thatmeans34plenty

ofpicturesofhappypets,keepingthehouse35andleavinganicesmallgiftbefore

headingtothenexthouse.4€Youwanttomakethehomeownerfeelthattheymadetheright

36Jshesays.

22.A.indoorsB.onlineC.single-handedD.full-time

23.A.gameB.serviceC・vacationD.procedure

24.A.safeB.busyC.helpfulD.affordable

25.A.localB.privateC.sharingD.agricultural

26.A.strangers9B.parents?C.co-workers?D.neighbors,

27.A.favorB.defenseC.honorD.absence

28.A.planB.explainC.compareD.complete

29.A.buyB.transportC.chooseD.please

30.A.supportB.comfortC・controlD.attention

31.A.cookingB.stayingC.waitingD.studying

32.A.successB.survivalC.growthD.unemployment

33.A.budgetB.abilitiesC・expectationsD.understanding

34.A.admiringB.donatingC.sendingD.borrowing

35.A.cleanB.openC.simpleD.empty

36.A.guessB.decisionC.responseD.impression

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的

词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡题号为66-75的相应位置

上。

Workingouthelpsyoudealwithstressinyourjob,relationshipsoranyareaoflife.Itis

possibly37exerciseisaformofstressitselfandhelpsyourbodydealwithitina

betterway.Australianresearchersfoundthatthose38did30minutesofaerobic(有

氧的)exercisethreetimesaweekrespondedbettertostressandhad39(low)blood

pressure.

Even40littleexercise,fromaneasy10-minutewalktoanintenseaerobics,

seemstodecreaseyourfeeling41anxiety.Workingoutregularlymaymakeyou

smarternowandlessenthe42(possible)thatyou'11losebrainfunctionatyourage.

Accordingtoarecentanimalstudy,exercisecan43(actual)helpthebraindevelop

newcells.Inthelastfewyears,it44(show)inseveralstudiesthatregularaerobic

exercisecanimprovethequalityofsleep.Naturally,thiscanmakeyoulesstiredandbeable

tofunctionbetterduringtheday.

Finally,there'sonemorereasontokeep45(exercise).Whenyouworkout

regularly,yourbodysimplyfunctionsbetterandyouarehealthierandlesslikely

46(suffer)painfulphysicalcondition.

五、邀请信(共15分)

47.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructions

givenbelowinChinese.

假定你是校报专栏的编辑李华，请给你的留学生朋友Alice写邮件邀请她为“健康生活”

专栏写一篇文章。内容包括：

1.报纸栏目介绍;

2.具体的投稿时间和要求。

注意：1,写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考词汇：栏目column/section

DearAlice,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

六、读后续写（共20分）

48.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段使之构成一篇完整短文。

Istoodwithmyfriendsinaline.Myheartwashammeringlikeanything,myhandscold

andwet,myheadbuzzingwithexcitementandnervousnessatthesametime.Iearnestly

listenedtothenamesofthehousecaptains（社长）beingannounced,butinmyheart,Iwanted

ittoendbecausethentheheadgirlwouldbeannounced.Isowantedittobeme.

Ihadmadecountlesspostersbadgesandbraceletsforthecampaigning.Insteadof

havinglunchduringthelunchtime,Ihadgonefrompersontoperson,askingthemtovotefor

me.Ihadshoutedatthetopofmylungstheslogan,"EastorWest,Maryamisthebest!Vote

forherandyouryearwillbebest."

Ihadtriedmyhardesttoconvincepeopletovoteforme,nowallIhadleftwashope.

“Guesswhotheheadgirlfbrtheyearis?"teasedtheannouncer.

Aheavysilencefell,onethatwasfullofhopeandexpectation,offearandof

nervousness.

Theannouncerteasedforaminuteortwobeforefinallyannouncingthenameofthe

headgirl.

Ifeltconfusedasmyfriendspushedmeoutoftheline.AsIlookedatthehugecrowd

clappingforme,IcouldnotbelievethatIwastheheadgirloftheschool.Theheadofthe

councilbody.Thestudentthatwasrespectedandlikedbyeverybody.

Fromthenon,IenjoyedtherespectIgotinandoutofschool.Athome,myfamily

memberspraisedmeandatschooleveryonelookeduptome.TheythoughtIwasan

inspirationaswellassomeonetheycouldgetmotivatedby.Ihadpower.Icouldtalktothe

schoolprincipalandconvincehertodoanything.Icouldorderaroundothercouncilmembers

andaskthemtodoanything.

Butasdayspassed,Irealizedthatwithpowercomesresponsibility

注意:

1.续写词数应为150左右:

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph1:

Iwasgivencountlessresponsibilityalongwithmystudies.

Paragraph2:

Theprincipallistenedattentively,herconcernclearlywrittenonherfoce.

答案及解析:

1.D2.D3.C

【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要给读者介绍了四个在欧洲值得参观的小众景点，以及每

个景点的特色。

1.推理判断题。根据第一段的Buttherearestillnumerouscitiesandregionsthataren'teven

mentionedontypicalEuropean"to-do11lists.Thefollowingdestinationsofferaperfectreasonto

stepslightlyoffthebeatentrack.（但，仍有许多城市和地区在欧洲“要做的事”清单上甚至没有

被提及。下面的目的地提供了一个完美的理由，让你稍微偏离常规线路）可推测，本文主要

是介绍一些在欧洲值得参观的小众景点。D.Toillustratetheuniqueattractionsworthseeingin

thefourplaces.（为了描述四个值得参观的特别景点）符合以上说法，故选D项。

2.细节理解题。根据最后一段的ThefamousWideStreet,whichisevenolderthanthecityitself,

isareminderoftheRomaninfluenceonthearea.（著名的WideStreet,比城市本身还古老，它

提醒人们罗马对这一地区的影响）可知，WideStreet可以让人们想到罗马对该城市的影响，

是因为街道的结构。D.TheWideStreetreflectstheRomaninfluenceonthecityofZadarforit's

evenolderthanthecityitself.（WideStreet反映了罗马队城市Zadar的影响，因为它比城市本

身都古老）不符合以上说法，故选D项。

3.细节理解题。根据CinqueTerre,Italy部分下的anyonechasingnaturecanwatchthebirdlife

intheRiomaggiore'sTorreGuardiola.（任何追求自然的人都可以至URiomaggiore'sTorre

Guardiola观察鸟类生活）和VernazzaisalsohometotheGothic-Ligurianchurch,whichwasbuilt

in1318.（Vernazza是Gothic-Ligurian教堂的所在地，该教堂始建于1318年）可知，大自然爱

好者Mr.Smith和宗教人士Mrs.Smith可以来这个地方，因为这里可以观察鸟类生活也有历

史悠久的教堂。故选C项。

4.D5.C6.A7.C8.C

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和兽医曾尽力救治一只受伤的杜宾幼犬，后来

作者和康复后的杜宾幼犬再次相遇的感人事迹。

4.推理判断题。根据第一段力tookajobatavet（兽医）clinicalmostfivedecadesago.Asan

enthusiasticanimallover,IacceptedthepositionontheconditionthatIwouldn'thavetoassist

withanywoundedanilTlals.^^（大约五十年前，我在一家兽医诊所找到了一份工作。作为一个

热心的动物爱好者，我接受了这份工作，条件是我不必帮助任何受伤的动物。）可知，作者

在兽医诊所最初的工作不用帮助受伤的动物，只是一个普通的接待员。故选D项。

5.推理判断题。根据第四段“Ibecamethevet'sassistantinallthingsmedical.Oneofmyfirst

jobswastogivethatDobermanpuppydailyphysicaltherapy,Iremembermovinghistinylegsto

trytokeephismusclesfromweakening."（我成为了兽医在所有医学事物方面的助手。我最初

的工作之一就是每天给那只杜宾犬进行物理治疗，我记得我移动它的小腿以防止它的肌肉变

弱。）可知，作者曾经帮助小狗进行康复训练。故选C项。

6.推理判断题。根据第五段“Weekswentbyuntiloneday,Ifeltthislittlefighterpushbackever

soslightly.Andhecontinuedtopushbacktillhecouldfinallyusehislegs."（几个星期过去了，

直到有一天，我感到这个小斗士在轻微地后退，它继续后退直到它终于可以使用它的腿。）

可知，杜宾犬小狗在努力地站起来，恢复身体。故选A项。

7.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“1foundmyselfpinnedagainstthewallwiththismagnificent

dogstandingonhishindlegs,hisfrontpawsonmyshoulders,washingmyfacewithabundant

andjoyfulkisses!（我发现自己被压在墙边，这只漂亮的狗用后腿站着，前爪搭在我的肩膀上，

不停地、快乐地亲吻我的脸）”和倒数第一段“Istilltearupinamazementatthedisplayoflove

andgratitudethedoghadformethatdayallthoseyearsago.（多年前的那一天，那只狗对我表

示出的爱和感激之情，至今仍让我惊讶得落泪。户可推断，大杜宾犬扑向作者是为了表达他

的感激。故选C项。

8.主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Istilltearupinamazementatthedisplayofloveandgratitudethe

doghadformethatdayallthoseyearsago.”（多年前的那一天，那只狗对我表示出的爱和感激

之情，至今仍让我惊讶得落泪。）以及第六段“Ifoundmyselfpinnedagainstthewallwiththis

magnificentdogstandingonhishindlegs,hisfrontpawsonmyshoulders,washingmyfacewith

abundantandjoyfUlkisses!”（我发现自己被压在墙边，这只漂亮的狗用后腿站着，前爪搭在我

的肩膀上，不停地、快乐地亲吻我的脸。）以及文章其它内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者救

助了一只杜宾犬，杜宾犬小狗因为作者对它的救治而心怀感恩。所以本文的主旨是一个感恩

的故事，C项“一个心怀感激的病人”最适合作文章标题。故选C项。

9.C10.A11.B12.D

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。港珠澳大桥建成正式通车，这一世纪工程的建成离不开所有参

与者的智慧与汗水。在荷兰一公司狮子大开口之后，同济大学的专家们积极献策，他们反复

研究、试验，攻破了港珠澳大桥建设的重重技术难关，创造了世界奇迹。

9.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句的theTongjiUniversityacademicservedasasenior

adviserontheconstructionoftheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge可知，他是港珠澳大桥的高

级顾问，因此他应该为这个工程的建设提供了许多建议.故选C。

10.推理判断题。根据第二段第四、五句ThecompanywantedtochargeUS$171million.He

thenaskedforhelpfromXualongwithexpertsinTongjiUniversity.可知，是因为荷兰公司要价

太高，工程总经理才求助同济大学的专家的。故选A。

11.细节理解题。根据第三段中Thekeychallengeduringtheconstructionofthebridgewasthe

6.7-kmunderwatertunnel,theworld'slongestanddeepestunderseatunnel.可知，大桥建造过程

中的一个关键挑战是6.7公里的海底隧道，这是世界上最长和最深的海底隧道。故选B。

12.细节理解题。根据第三段第四句的HuXiangdong,anotherprofessorwithTongji,developed

amethodtofreezetheeartharoundthetunneltopreventwaterleakage可知，该专家通过冰冻隧

道周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D。

【注意】细节理解题做题技巧

细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高

考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一

些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原

文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。

做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：

1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。经常有新技术对将来人们工作和生活不良影

响的预测，但事实证明结果并不是那样，我们有必要否定预测，以减少人们的恐惧。

2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如forexample,first,second…等预

测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。

3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含

细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。

比如小题4,根据第三段第四句的HuXiangdong,anotherprofessorwithTongji,developeda

methodtofreezetheeartharoundthetunneltopreventwaterleakage可知该专家通过冰冻隧道

周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D。

13.D14.A15.C16.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项关于动物研究的过程，就年轻时锻炼对大

脑有终生的好处进行研究。

13.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthe

brain,inratsatleast.（年轻时的锻炼似乎对大脑有终生的好处，至少对老鼠来说是这样）“可知，

研究表明，年轻时的锻炼可以防止老鼠年老时的记忆丧失。故选D。

14.词句猜测题。根据第二段“"Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityata

youngageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongtrack

ofcognitivedevelopmentduringageing,saysMartinoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada.（力□拿

大多伦多大学的马丁说：“这是一项动物研究，但它表明年轻时的体育活动非常重要——不

仅对身体发育，而且对衰老过程中认知发展的整个一生轨迹都非常重要。可知，本段主

要介绍一项动物研究，说明体育活动对身体发育和衰老过程中认知发展轨迹很重要，对于人

类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此指代上文的it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，

也就是锻炼。故选A。

15.推理判断题。根据第三段“Martin'steamdivided80youngmaleratsintotwoequalgroups,

andplacedrunningwheelsinthecagesofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfour

monthslater-whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectan

electricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whenplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.（马丁的

团队将80只年轻的雄性老鼠分成两组，在其中一组的笼子里放置跑步轮，为期六周。大约

四个月后，当老鼠进入中年时，研究小组教会所有的老鼠把电击和被关在--个特定的盒子里

联系起来。当它们被放进盒子里时，它们吓呆了）”以及第四段“Twoweekslater,theteamtes