选择性必修 第一册 Unit 6　Nurturing nature学案 2025年高考英语外研版（2019）一轮复习教材梳理

Unit6Nurturingnature【Step1题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】Backfromthebrink:How“frozenzoos”couldsavedyingspecies从悬崖边回来:“冷冻动物园”如何拯救濒临灭绝的物种WhenKurtBenirschkestartedcollectingskinsamplesfromrareandendangeredanimalsin1972,hedidn’thaveafirmplanonwhattodowiththem.AsaresearcherattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,hebelievedthatonedaythetoolswouldbedevelopedtousethemtosavethoseanimals.Afewyearslater,hemovedhiscollectiontoSanDiegoZoo,andcalledittheFrozenZoo.Today,theFrozenZooistheworld’slargestanimalcryobank(生物冷库),withsamplesfromover10,500individualanimalsfrom1,220species.SincetheFrozenZoowasfounded,manymilestoneshavebeenreachedinthefieldofgenetics,startingwiththecloningofthefirstanimal—asheepnamedDolly—in1996.Startingin2001,fourendangeredspecieshavebeenclonedusinggeneticmaterialfromtheFrozenZoo:theGaur,ahumpbackedAsianwildox;theBanteng,aSoutheast-Asianspeciesofcattle;Przewalski’shorse,oncefoundthroughoutMongoliaandextinctinthewilduntilrecently;andtheBlack-footedferret,whichwasbelievedtobeextinctinthewilduntilitresurfacedin1981,butwasthenalmostwipedoutbyanepidemic.Althoughcloningisn’tperfect,it’sausefultooltohelpsaveendangeredspecies,becauseitcanincreasegeneticdiversity.Whenthepopulationofaspeciesdeclines,theremaininganimalsareforcedtoinbreedandthegeneticpoolshrinks,furtherthreateningsurvival.Inaspeciesofanimals,thegeneticdiversityiswhatgivesititsresilience(快速恢复能力).—(同源高考:2023年全国甲卷阅读理解A篇选自本网站)金榜原创1.Atfirst,whatwasKurt’spurposeinfoundingtheFrozenZoo? (C)A.Hedidn’tknowclearly.B.Itcanbeusedtocloneanimals.C.Itmightsavetheendangeredanimalsoneday.D.Itcouldstoresamples.2.Whatcanweinferfromthetext? (A)A.Geneticdiversitydecidesthebiologicaldiversity.B.Cloningcansaveallendangeredanimals.C.Inbreedingdirectlythreatensanimalpopulation.D.Increasinggeneticdiversityisinevitableforanincreaseinanimalpopulation.长难句分析SincetheFrozenZoowasfounded,manymilestoneshavebeenreachedinthefieldofgenetics,startingwiththecloningofthefirstanimal—asheepnamedDolly—in1996.分析:本句的主句为manymilestoneshavebeenreachedinthefieldofgenetics;Since引导的句子为时间状语从句;startingwiththecloning...为动词-ing形式作时间状语。翻译:自冷冻动物园成立以来,遗传学领域已经达到了许多里程碑,从1996年克隆出第一只动物——一只名叫多莉的羊开始。【Step2考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示【重点单词——巧积词汇】1.massiveadj.巨大的;大量的;严重的【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Wemustbelieveinandrelyonthemasses.②Theexplosionmadeamassive(mass)holeintheground.③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassive(mass)benefitstothethingsyouvalue.④Thelittlegirlslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetookmassesof/amassofphotosofthem.

这些小女孩穿着漂亮的衣服看起来很迷人,我们给她们拍了很多照片。 <写作运用:读后续写之人物描写>(1)mass n.大量,许多;块,堆,团amassof=massesof 大量,许多themassof 大多数inmass 全部,全体(2)themasses 人民群众2.wanderv.徘徊,闲逛;注意力不集中,走神;偏离【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①(2021·全国乙卷)Thefirststepistogoexploring,ifyou’reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou’rewandering(wander)intosomebody’shouseforthefirsttime.②Don’tletyourmindwanderfromthemainpointoftheargument.③AsIwandered(wander)throughtheimpressionistgallery,IappreciatedmasterpieceslikeTheBalletClassandTheCardPlayers.④MythoughtwanderedbacktomychildhoodassoonasIheardthissong.

一听到这首歌,我的思绪就回到了我的童年。 <写作运用:读后续写之心理描写>wanderaway/off走散,离开wanderbackto... (多指思绪)回到……wanderabout/around 徘徊;流浪;漫步wanderfrom 从……离开3.disturbv.干扰,扰乱【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpacttraveltoundisturbed(disturb)places.②Joeforcedasmile,butunderneathhewasalittledisturbed(disturb).③Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomethingdisturbing(disturb)happeningaroundhishome.④Whenshewaswandering,itdisturbedhertorealise(realise)thatshewasalone.

⑤Pleasetalkquietlyinthereadingroominordernottodisturbothers.

在阅览室里,请轻声说话,以免干扰他人。 <写作运用:应用文写作之建议信>(1)disturbsb. 打扰某人;使某人心神不安(2)disturbed adj.感到不安的;心烦意乱的bedisturbedby/about/at... 对……感到忧虑/不安bedisturbedtodosth. 对做某事感到不安undisturbed adj.安静的;未受惊扰的(3)disturbing adj.令人不安的,引起烦恼的disturbingnews 令人不安的消息【误区释疑】disturb,bother,trouble,worrydisturb用于被动时,被扰乱的意思较强,甚至可指精神错乱(mentallydisturbed);用于主动时,打扰的意思较弱,指无意中、并非存心地打扰他人。还可表示改变通常的或自然的状态bother用于被动时,指被时有时无的小事打扰;用于主动时,带有故意打扰他人的意思trouble指麻烦别人而影响他人舒适、方便、心境的平静等worry指因担心某事的结果而焦虑不安4.applicantn.申请人【步入经典】单句语法填空①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Ifyou’rewillingtoapplyyourself(you),Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis.②(2021·天津高考)Allapplicants(apply)musthaveadriver’slicenseandaccesstoacar.③Nowalotofnewtechnologiescanbeappliedtosolvingproblemsinindustry.④Theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andapplied(apply)ittoplasticfilms.⑤IfyouwanttoapplyforajobattheofficewhereIwork,youshouldhavecertainqualification.(1)apply v.应用,实施;适用applyfor 申请,请求applyoneselfto 专心于;致力于apply...to 将……涂抹于;将……应用于applyto/beappliedto适用于,适合于(2)application n.申请,请求;申请书;应用,施用5.operatorn.经营者;操作人员,技工;电话员,接线员【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Theoperator(operate)hastobeabletocarryoutroutinemaintenanceofthemachine.②HavingseentheX-ray,thedoctordecidedtooperateon/uponthepatient.③Itistimetoputourplanintooperation(operate).④Thenewlawwillcome/gointooperationbymidnighttomorrow.

新法律将于明日午夜生效。(1)operatev.经营;运转;操作;控制;(对……)动手术operateon/upon... 给……做手术(2)operation n.手术;运转,运行;操作ooperation 投入使用;开始试行;投入运营come/gointooperation开始工作,运转;生效6.favourn.支持,赞同;恩惠,帮助;善意的行为;偏爱,偏袒v.支持;偏爱;偏袒【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级①Peoplewhoareinfavourofmodernlifemaythinkitisratherdulltoliveinthecountryside.②Ourproductsenjoygoodfameathomeandabroad,deeplyfavoured(favour)bycustomers.③Teaisstilloneofthefavourite(favour)drinksintheworld.④I’msorrytodisturbyou,butIhavetoaskafavourofyou/askyouafavour(请你帮忙)inthehopethatyoucouldpickupmyfriendfromtheairport.

⑤WesincerelyhopeyoucanhelpusandgiveussomeguidanceonhowtoadaptastoryfromourEnglishtextbookforashortplay.→Wesincerelyhopeyoucandousafavour/giveusahandandgiveussomeguidanceonhowtoadaptastoryfromourEnglishtextbookforashortplay.

(1)asksb.afavour=askafavourofsb.请某人帮忙dosb.afavour=givesb.ahand 帮某人忙infavourof 支持,赞同inone’sfavour 有利于某人;对某人有利(2)favourite adj.最喜欢的n.最喜欢的人或物(3)favourable adj.赞同的;有利的7.advertisev.(为……)做广告(宣传);登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Iwouldliketoapplyforthepositionadvertised(advertise)inyesterday’snewspaper.

②Thecompanyisadvertisingfortypistsinnewspapers.③Therearemanyadvertisements(advertise)innewspapersnowadays.④Ifyouwanttosellyourhouse,whynotputanadvertisementinthelocalnewspaper?

如果你想要卖房,为什么不在当地报纸上登个广告?(1)advertisefor 登广告征求……(2)advertisement n.广告;启事putanadvertisementinthenewspaper 在报纸上发布广告8.negotiableadj.可协商的,可讨论的;可通行的;流通的;可兑现的;可转让的【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Partsoftheroadhavebeenwashedawaybystreams,soitisnotnegotiable(negotiate)now.②(牛津高阶词典)Theyhaverefusedtonegotiateonthisissue.③Thenegotiation(negotiate)brokedownbecauseonesiderefusedtoplaythegame.④Wehavedecidedtonegotiatewiththeproducerfor/aboutthepriceoftheproducts.

我们已经决定就产品的价格与生产商进行谈判。(1)negotiate v.谈判,磋商,协商;商议;达成(协议)negotiatewithsb.for/about/onsth. 和某人协商某事;就某事和某人谈判(2)negotiation n.(尤指商业或政治方面的)谈判,协商,磋商undernegotiation 在协商中9.qualificationn.技能条件,资格(pl.)qualifications【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Idon’tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon’tfeelqualified(qualify)tocomment.②Inordertocompetewithothers,therestaurantshouldimprovethequality(qualify)ofitsservice.③Adegreeisbynomeansanessentialqualification(qualify)forajournalist.④Asthequalityofthecity’saircontinuestogiverisetoconcerns,theresidentsareencouragedtosetofffewerfireworks.

因为城市的空气质量依然令人担忧,居民被鼓励燃放更少的烟花。 <写作运用:应用文写作之倡议书>(1)qualifyvt.&vi.(使)具有资格;有权;达标(2)quality n.质量,品质;优质,优点;才能,能力(3)qualified adj.合格的,胜任的bequalifiedfor... 有……的资格【核心短语——妙积词块】10.putintooperation投入运行;(使)施行;(使)实行;(使)生效【步入经典】完成句子①InwhichyearwasthecompletedQinghai-XizangRailwayputintooperation?

建成的青藏铁路是哪一年投入运行的?②Thelawshallbeputintooperation/effectonandafterJune1.

此项法律将于6月1日起生效。③Themostimportantthingistoputtheoryintopractice.

最重要的事情是把理论付诸实践。putintopractice实施;实行;付诸实践putintoeffect 实施(计划);实现(想法)putintoprison 关进监狱;监禁;投入监狱putintouse 投入使用;使用,利用11.catchone’seye引起某人注意;引人注目【步入经典】用catch短语的正确形式填空/完成句子①Whenshesawthebear,shecaughtherbreath,frozenthere.

②Tocatchupwiththeclassmates,theboyismakinggooduseofeveryminutetostudy.

③Theissueofplasticpollutionhascaughtourattention.

塑料污染问题已经引起了我们的注意。④ThefirstlandmarktocatchmyeyeisthesplendidQingshuiheBridge,theworld’slongestbridgebuiltoverpermafrost.(教材原句P83)

第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮丽的清水河大桥,世界上最长的建在永久冻土层上的桥。catchone’sattention吸引某人的注意catchone’sbreath 屏住呼吸catchholdof 抓住catchon 理解;受欢迎,流行起来catchupwith 赶上12.reachout伸出(手)【步入经典】完成句子①CuonaLakeissoclosetotherailwaythatIwanttoreachoutandtouchitspalebluemirror-likesurface.(教材原句P84)

措那湖离铁路那么近,我都想伸手去触摸它那淡蓝色的如镜般的湖面。②Icouldalmostreachoutandgrabitrightthenandthere.

当时在那儿我几乎伸手就能把它抓住了。③(牛津高阶词典)Keepallmedicinesoutofchildren’sreach.

把所有药放到孩子够不着的地方。(1)reachouttosb. 向某人提供帮助reachanagreement 达成协议(2)outof/beyondone’sreach 某人够不到withinone’sreach/withinthereachofsb. 在某人力所能及的范围内【经典句型——速积表达】13.Howtoprotectthedelicateecosystemwasamongthetopconcerns.怎样保护脆弱的生态系统是最令人关注的问题之一。

【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Theproblemishowtodevelop(develop)theeconomywithoutdisturbingtheenvironment.

②Insuchabiglibrary,thelittlegirlhadnoideawhichbooktochoose(choose).

③Whethertoraisetheemployees’salaryisbeingdiscussedinthemeeting.

是否提高员工的工资正在会议中讨论。④ThescenerythereissoamazingthatIdon’tknowhowtodescribeit.

那里的景色太美了,我不知道该怎么形容。 <写作运用:读后续写之场景描写>疑问词+不定式:(1)“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等成分。(2)在“疑问词+不定式”结构中,不定式必须用主动式,不能用被动式。(3)“疑问词+不定式”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。常用这种结构的动词有ask,discuss,decide,explain,forget,know,learn,remember,show,tell,wonder等。14.Benlaterjokedthatthejobshouldhavebeenadvertisednotasthe“best”,butthe“busiestjobintheworld”!本后来开玩笑说,这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”,而应该是“世界上最忙的工作”!【步入经典】单句语法填空/完成句子①Notonlyyoubutalsoheis(be)goingtothejungleinadistantcountry.②Neithertheteachernorthestudentslike(like)thenewfilm.③Itwasnotthevideobutwhatdoctorsdidthatmadeusmoved.

使我们感动的不是视频而是医生们所做的事情。(1)not...but...不是……而是……,连接两个平行结构,当连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词要根据but后的名词决定单复数(就近原则)。(2)连接并列主语时,采用就近原则的结构还有...or...;either...or...;neither...nor...;notonly...butalso...等。【Step3进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】【基础全面练——练透单元要点】Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇1.Don’tworryifyouuseupshampoo—I’llgetsometomorrow.2.Theseoldmenandwomenusuallygotodanceattheirleisure.3.Airpollutioniswhatmostpeopleareconcernedaboutnowadays,becausetheirhealthisunderthreat.4.(2021·全国乙卷)Wehadawomanpatientwhowasrecoveringfromakneereplacementoperation(operate).5.Theapplicants(apply)mustmeetthefollowingqualifications:adiplomaandworkingexperience.6.Severalcenturiesago,peoplerealizedthattheadvertisement(advertise)couldhelptosellgoods.

7.Theeffectoftheemissionofthecarbondioxideontheenvironmentismassive(mass).

8.Iamnotonlyenthusiasticbutalsoeasytogetalongwith,whichmakesmequalified(qualify)forthevoluntaryworkadvertised(advertise)inthenewspaper.Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语句式1.这个系统已经运行六个月了。Thesystemhasbeenputintooperationforsixmonths.

2.我们应该伸出手帮助那些受地震影响的人。Weoughttoreachouttohelpthosewhoareaffectedbytheearthquake.

3.当小偷从警察身边走过时,警察抓住了他的胳膊。Whenthethiefwaswalkingpastthepoliceman,thepolicemancaughtholdofhisarm.

4.直到他警告我,我才意识到有危险。Ididnotbecomeawareofthedangeruntilhewarnedme.

5.众所周知,南极洲是最后一块被发现的大陆。Asweallknow,Antarcticawasthelastcontinenttobediscovered.

Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)ManyforeignexpertsclaimedtheQinghai-XizangRailwaywas“impossible”.Ittakesyears1.tocomplete(complete)it,whichisarecordofallofoureffortstoovercomethemostdifficultengineering2.challenges(challenge).Howtoprotectthedelicateecosystemwas3.amongthetopconcerns.Inordertoprotectwildanimals,thirty-threepassages4.havebeenbuilt(build)undertherailwaytoallowtheanimalstomovesafelyand5.freely(free)intheirnaturalhabitat.6.Toprevent(prevent)damagetowetlandsandgrasslands,675bridgeswithatotallengthofabout160kilometreswerebuiltbetweenGolmud7.andLhasa.140,000squaremetresofwetland8.wasmoved(move)toanewareainordertoprotectitsdistinctecosystem.Tomakesuretheworkersstayedhealthy,severaloxygen-makingstationswereconstructed.Theworkersalso9.enjoyed(enjoy)regularbreaksinlowerareas.ToprotectCuonaLake,thousandsandthousandsofsandbagswereusedtobuildatwenty-kilometrewallalongthelaketoprotectit10.fromconstructionwaste.

Iamproudthatwebuiltour“impossible”railwayintheworldwiththecarethattheenvironmentdeserves.【写作提能练——升华主题写作】单元话题微写作——四种模式之应用文句式升级假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Tim邀请你参加他们学校暑假组织的“科技夏令营”,你想参加。请就此事写一封信向他咨询夏令营的相关事宜,要点包括:1.具体日程安排;2.住宿和费用等。注意:写作词数应为80个左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step1要点写作根据汉语提示补全句子①很高兴听到你们学校在即将到来的暑假组织“科技夏令营”。It’sgreattohearthatyourschoolisorganizinga“TechnologySummer