河南省顶级名校2023-2024学年高三下学期考前全真模拟考试英语试题(解析版)（一）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省顶级名校2023-2024学年高三下学期考前全真模拟考试（一）英语试题第一部分:听力（共两节,满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARevolutionaryGlassesMakeItSafetoDriveatNightDidyouknowthatmorethan40percentofalldeadlycaraccidentsoccuratnight?Arecentbreakthrougheyeglasstechnologyhasmadeitsafetodriveatnight.It’salmostlikehaving“X-ray”vision(视力)whiledriving.Spendmoneyonyoursafetyandpeaceofmindbehindthewheelwithapairofthesecutting-edgenightdrivingglasses.Theamountofcaraccidentsthatoccuratnightismostlytheresultofpoorvisibility.Evenwith60%lesstrafficontheroadatnight,accidentsstillhappenduetoblindinglightandjustoverallbaddrivingvisibility.Imaginebeingabletoclearlyseewhat’sinfrontofyouandwhat’sapproaching,evenifit’sverydarkandfoggy.OnceyoustartwearingClearViewnightglasses,you’llfeelmuchmoreconfidentandsafedrivingwhenit’sgettingdark.WithClearViewyouwillnoticeaninstantreductioninstronglightfromoncomingtrafficandbrightstreetlights.Thisisbecausethespecialyellowlenstint(镜片色彩)canblockstrongbluelight,andincreasecontrast(对比).ClearViewpassestheglobaltrafficlightstandardforsafersharpervisionatnightwithflyingcolors.YoucanstartusingClearViewimmediatelyevenifyouwearglasses.SimplyplaceClearViewontopofyourglassesandbeamazedbythedifferencethistechnologymakes!Isitworthit?Absolutely!Keepapairineachofyourcarstomakesureyouhaveyourglassesathandwhennightcomes.Ifyoucareaboutyourfamily’ssafetythenthisisano-brainer.1.Accordingtothetext,themaincauseofunsafedrivingatnightis________.A.heavytraffic B.lowvisibility C.pooreyesight D.baddriving2.HowdoesClearViewmakeitsafetodriveatnight?A.Itcuresnightblindness.B.Itpassesthenationalstandard.C.Itprovides“X-ray”visionfordrivers.D.Itreducesthebrightnessofstronglight.3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toinform. B.Toexplain. C.Topromote. D.Toentertain.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主要讲述了一项突破性的眼镜技术使夜间驾驶更加安全。〖答案〗1.B2.D3.C【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theamountofcaraccidentsthatoccuratnightismostlytheresultofpoorvisibility”夜间发生的车祸多是由于能见度低造成的。可知，夜晚是交通事故多发时段，造成行车不安全的主要原因是能见度太低。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thisisbecausethespecialyellowlenstintcanblockstrongbluelight,andincreasecontrast”这是因为特殊的黄色镜片可以阻挡强烈的蓝光，增加对比度。可知，该眼镜能够减弱强光和蓝光，增强对比度，从而提高清晰度。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Isitworthit?Absolutely!Keepapairineachofyourcarstomakesureyouhaveyourglassesathandwhennightcomes.Ifyoucareaboutyourfamily’ssafetythenthisisano-brainer.”值得吗?绝对的!在你的每辆车里都放一副眼镜，这样当夜晚来临的时候，你就可以把眼镜放在手边了。如果你在乎你家人的安全那么这是显而易见的。可推知，最后一段的主要目的是推销这副眼镜。故选C项。BAboutadecadeago,LawsonwasatabeachinVirginiawatchinghiskidsbuildcastlesrightnexttothewaves.“IkepttryingtogetthemtocomebackbecauseIthoughtitwasaterribleidea,”heremarked.Hewantedthemtobuildtheirsandcastlesclosertothedunes.Buttheyfounditmoreexcitingtobuildrightwherethewaveshit,seeingtheirsandcastlesgetdestroyed,andthenrebuildingthemwithwhateverdebriswashedupfromtheocean.“Itseemedsosymbolic,somehow,ofhowlifeworksmorethanjustbuildingyourperfectsandcastles,”saidLawson.Whenhedecidedtoturnthatsunnydayintoachildren’sbook,theideacametojustusepictures.“Itseemedlikeitwouldworkbeautifullywithoutwords,”hesaid.ADayforSandcastlesisillustratedbyQinLeng.It’sthesecondwordlesspicturebookforLawsonandLengsince2021’sOvertheShop.Leng’sillustrationsstayprettytruetoreallife.Threesiblingsspendthedaybuildingsandcastlesandwatchingthemgetdestroyedbyaflyinghat.“Tomeit’sacelebrationofchildhoodandthesimplejoysoflife.ThesearethethingsIliketocapture,”saidLeng.LengspentpartofherchildhoodinFrance,andshewasinspiredbyEuropeancomicbooks.“WhatIlovetodowhenIillustrateapicturebookisaddsidestoriestothemainstoryline.Ialwaysthinkaboutthereadersandthelongevityofthebook,andIwantthemtobeabletodiscoversomethingneweverytimetheyrevisitthebook,”Lengexplained.Attheendoftheday,thesleepy-eyedkidspileintothebusthatwilltakethemhome.“Thoselastpagesaresomeofmyfavorite.Theycapturethatfeelinglikeattheendofthedayonthebeach,whenit’sgettingdarkandyoufeelcompletelyexhausted,”Lawsonsaid.Itmustbeauniversalchildhoodfeeling:happywithsand,stickyfromthesalt,hotfromthesun,andreadytofallasleepthemomentyougetintothecar.4.WhydoesLawsonmentionthescenewherethekidsbuiltsandcastles?A.Tosuggestawaytoenjoyleisure. B.Toremindreadersofthechildhood.C.Toconvinceusofhowlifeworks. D.Totellustheinspirationforhisbook.5.Whatdoyouknowaboutthetwobooksmentioned?A.Theyarepurchasedbykidsuniversally. B.Readerscanonlyfindpicturesinthem.C.Theycarrynoelementsofcomicbooks. D.Thestoriesareliterallyworksoffantasy.6.HowdoesLawsonfeelwhentellingusthelastpagesinthelastparagraph?A.Relieved. B.Pleased. C.Disturbed. D.Exhausted.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Childhoodinsandcastles B.BeautifulchildhoodmemoriesC.Popularillustratedbooks D.Explorethemysteryofnature【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Lawson创作无字绘本《ADayforSandcastles》的灵感来源，以及他和插画师冷琴对该绘本的评价。〖答案〗4.D5.B6.B7.A【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“

Buttheyfounditmoreexcitingtobuildrightwherethewaveshit,seeingtheirsandcastlesgetdestroyed,andthenrebuildingthemwithwhateverdebriswashedupfromtheocean.“Itseemedsosymbolic,somehow,ofhowlifeworksmorethanjustbuildingyourperfectsandcastles,”saidLawson.

Whenhedecidedtoturnthatsunnydayintoachildren’sbook,theideacametojustusepictures.(但他们发现在海浪袭来的地方建造更令人兴奋，看着他们的沙堡被摧毁，然后用从海洋冲上来的任何碎片重建它们。劳森说:“从某种程度上说，这似乎很有象征意义，说明生活不仅仅是建造完美的沙堡。”当他决定把那个阳光明媚的日子写成一本儿童读物时，他想到了只用图片。)”可推测出，孩子们建造沙煲的场景是他写书的灵感来源。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ADayforSandcastlesisillustratedbyQinLeng.It’sthesecondwordlesspicturebookforLawsonandLengsince2021’sOvertheShop.(《ADayforSandcastles》由冷琴插图。这是自2021年的《OvertheShop》以来，Lawson和冷的第二本无字绘本。)”可知，这两本书都是无字绘本，读者只能在里面找到图片。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Thoselastpagesaresomeofmyfavorite.Theycapturethatfeelinglikeattheendofthedayonthebeach,whenit’sgettingdarkandyoufeelcompletelyexhausted,’Lawsonsaid.Itmustbeauniversalchildhoodfeeling:happywithsand,stickyfromthesalt,hotfromthesun,andreadytofallasleepthemomentyougetintothecar.(Lawson说：‘最后几页是我最喜欢的。它们捕捉到了一天结束时在海滩上的感觉，天快黑了，你会感到筋疲力尽。’这一定是一种普遍的童年感觉：玩沙子玩得很开心，海水的盐让身体黏呼呼，太阳烤的人燥热，一上车就昏昏欲睡。)”可推测出，Lawson描述了孩子们玩了一天沙子后的场景，这是童年美好的回忆，他在讲述这最后几页的内容时内心是充满快乐的。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一、二段讲述了十年前带着孩子们在沙滩上建城堡的场景是Lawson创作书的灵感来源；第三、四、五段描写了插画师冷琴和Lawson对书的评价。全文围绕《ADayforSandcastles》展开，这是一本描述孩子们在沙滩上建造城堡的无字绘本，再根据第三段中的“Tomeit’sacelebrationofchildhoodandthesimplejoysoflife.(对我来说，这是对童年和简单生活乐趣的庆祝。)”可知，A项“沙滩城堡里的童年”最适合作本文标题。故选A。CInJuneamassive“heatdome”bakedthefamouslytemperatePacificNorthwest,subjectingpartsofWashingtonState,OregonandwesternCanadatoextremetemperatures.Itisvirtuallyimpossiblethatheatwaveslikethiswouldhaveoccurredwithoutclimatechange.Scientistsestimateitwasaone-in-1,000-yearevent.“Andthat’san‘atleast,’”saysKristie.L.Ebi.“Itcouldbemorerarethanthat.”IfwarmingreachestwodegreesCabovepreindustriallevels—thethreshold(阈值)thatmostnationalgovernmentshaveagreedtotrytoavoidinhopesofreducingclimatechangeimpacts,“thateventcouldoccureveryfiveto10years,”Ebisays.“InanaverageyearintheU.S.,heatkillsmorepeoplethananyothertypeofextremeweather,”saysKristinaDahl,aclimatescientist.HundredsofpeoplediedintherecentPacificNorthwestheatwave,accordingtoestimates:therewereatleast486deathsinBritishColumbia,116inOregonand78inWashington.ArecentU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionreportfoundthereweremorethan3,500emergencydepartmentvisitsforheat-relatedillnessthispastMayandJuneinaregionthatincludesOregonandWashingtonState.Thehumanbodyfunctionsbestat98.6degreesF(37degreesC).Thebodyhasmechanismstoriditselfofexcessheat,mostnotablysweating.Butatacertainpoint,thatfailstowork,causinglossofconsciousness.Peoplecaneventuallyacclimatizetosomelevelofheat.Ifyouliveinahotclimateorworkinhotconditionsforaperiodofweeksormonths,yourbodybecomesmoreefficientatsweatingandcoolingitselfdown.Thisprocesstakestime,however.Astheplanetwarms,heatwaveslikethesethisyeararebecomingfrighteninglycommonandcatchingclimatescientistsoffguard.“Evenalotofourclimatemodelsthatprojectouthowfrequentextremeheatwillbeinthefuturewouldn’thavenecessarilypredictedthislevelofheatforthatpartofthecountry,”KristinaDahlsays.“ButthentorealizethatIamseeingitinmylifetime,andlivingitrightnow,isreallyterrifying.”8.WhatdoesEbi’ssayingimplyinParagraph1?A.Heatdomehasaffectedatleastthreeregions.B.Temperaturereachesthethresholdimmediately.C.HeatwavesaffectthePacificNorthwestgreatly.D.Severeweathercouldbecomefrighteninglycommon.9.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Manyareasarebadlyaffectedbyheatwaves.B.Heatwavesposeamajorrisktopublichealth.C.Morepeoplediedofillnessesinthissummer.D.Latestnewsonheatwavesarewidelyreported.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acclimatize”inParagraph3mean?A.Adapt. B.Settle. C.Respond. D.Object.11.AccordingtoKristinaDahl,theextremeheat________.A.ruinshisnormaldailylife.B.getsscientistspreparedtoit.C.failstobeaccuratelyforecast.D.shouldbeexaminedfrequently.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了气候变化导致了致命的极端高温，出乎科学家意料，威胁公众健康。〖答案〗8.D9.B10.A11.C【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“IfwarmingreachestwodegreesCabovepreindustriallevels—thethreshold(阈值)thatmostnationalgovernmentshaveagreedtotrytoavoidinhopesofreducingclimatechangeimpacts,“thateventcouldoccureveryfiveto10years,”Ebisays.(Ebi说，如果变暖达到工业化前的2摄氏度——大多数国家政府都同意尽量避免这一阈值，以期减少气候变化的影响，“这一事件可能每5到10年发生一次。”)”可知，由Ebi的话可推知，这种恶劣的天气可能每5到10年发生一次，会变得非常普遍。故选D。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段““InanaverageyearintheU.S.,heatkillsmorepeoplethananyothertypeofextremeweather,”saysKristinaDahl,aclimatescientist.HundredsofpeoplediedintherecentPacificNorthwestheatwave,accordingtoestimates:therewereatleast486deathsinBritishColumbia,116inOregonand78inWashington.ArecentU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionreportfoundthereweremorethan3,500emergencydepartmentvisitsforheat-relatedillnessthispastMayandJuneinaregionthatincludesOregonandWashingtonState.(气候科学家KristinaDahl说：“在美国，平均每年，高温导致的死亡人数比任何其他类型的极端天气都多。”。据估计，最近太平洋西北部的热浪导致数百人死亡：不列颠哥伦比亚省至少有486人死亡，俄勒冈州116人死亡，华盛顿州78人死亡。美国疾病控制和预防中心最近的一份报告发现，今年5月和6月，包括俄勒冈州和华盛顿州在内的一个地区有3500多人因高温相关疾病前往急诊科就诊)”可知，本段主要介绍了高温天气导致人们死亡，对公众健康造成重大威胁。故选B。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Peoplecaneventuallyacclimatizetosomelevelofheat.Ifyouliveinahotclimateorworkinhotconditionsforaperiodofweeksormonths,yourbodybecomesmoreefficientatsweatingandcoolingitselfdown.(人们最终可以acclimatize一定程度的高温。如果你在炎热的气候中生活或在炎热的条件下工作数周或数月，你的身体会更有效地出汗和降温)”可知，工作一段时间后，人们的身体可以更有效地出汗和降温，即人们最终可以适应一定程度的高温，划线单词表示“适应”，与adapt意义相近。故选A。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Evenalotofourclimatemodelsthatprojectouthowfrequentextremeheatwillbeinthefuturewouldn’thavenecessarilypredictedthislevelofheatforthatpartofthecountry,”KristinaDahlsays.(KristinaDahl说：“即使我们的许多气候模型预测了未来极端高温的频率，也不一定能预测出该地区的高温水平。”)”可知，根据KristinaDahl的说法，极端高温还不能准确预测。故选C。DScientistshavediscoveredanewwayofadministeringoxygentothebloodwhichcouldallowpeopletostayalivewithoutbreathing.Theprocedure,whichworksbyinjectingoxygenmoleculesenclosedinfattymoleculesdirectlyintothebloodstream,couldextendanextra30minutesoflifewhentheycannotbreathe.JohnKheir,adoctoroftheBostonChildren’sHospital,wasinspiredtobeginhisgroundbreakingresearchafterheexperiencedapatient’stragicdeath,accordingtoScienceDaily.Hewasoperatingonayounggirlwhosepneumonialedtodeadlybraindamageafterdoctorswereunabletoplaceheronabreathingmachineintimetosaveher.Inresponse,DrKheirstartedworkingontheideaofinsertingoxygendirectlyintotheblood.Earlyexperimentsshowedthattheinterventioncouldintheorybeverysuccessful,hesaid,“Wedreweachother’sblood,mixeditinatest.tubewiththemicroparticles,andwatchedbluebloodturnimmediatelyred,rightbeforeoureyes.”However,injectingpureoxygenintothebloodstreamingasformfailedmiserablywhenitwasattempted100yearsago,asitformeddangerousbubblesintheveins.MuchofDrKheir’sresearchthereforeinvolvedfindingasubstancewhichcouldsurroundtheoxygenandallowittobesuspendedinaliquidforinjectionintothebody.Hefoundthatusingfattymoleculeswasthebestwaytokeepoxygenafterusingsoundwavestotrapthetwosubstancestogetherintosmallparticlesthatcanonlybeseenwiththehelpofa.microscope.Theparticleswerethenmadeupintoaliquidwhichisveryheavilyoxygenated—carrying“threetofourtimestheoxygencontentofourownredbloodcells”,accordingtoDrKheir.Whenusedonhumans,theoxygencouldprobablylastforupto30minutes,thoughinjectingitforanylongercoulddamagethepatient’sblood.“Thisisashort-termoxygensubstitute—awaytosafelyinjectoxygengastosupportpatientsduringacriticalfewminutes,”DrKheirsaid.Headdedthathethoughtthetechniquecouldbecomeroutinefordoctorsdealingwithemergencysituations.12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.JohnKheirmadeamistakeinanoperation.B.AnincidentenlightenedJohnKheir’sresearch.C.JohnKheirfailedtoinjectoxygentoagirl’sblood.D.AyoungpatientdiedtragicallyinJohnKheir’sresearch.13.Whatproblemmayleadtothefailureofprevioustrials?A.Thebluebloodcanturnredonlyintheory.B.Themicroparticlesfailtomixwithoxygen.C.Administeringoxygentothebloodisdifficult.D.Oxygengasinsertedmaycausemoreseriousproblems.14.HowdidDrKheirsolvetheproblemtosuccessfullyinjectoxygentotheblood?A.Tosurroundoxygenmoleculeswithfat. B.Tousesoundwavestoturngasintoliquid.C.Toinvolvemoreoxygenintoredbloodcells. D.Tofindaliquidwiththeaidofamicroscope.15.WhatisDrKheir’sattitudetowardsthenewway?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Subjective. D.Hopeful.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们发现了一种向血液输送氧气的新方法，这种方法可以让人在没有呼吸的情况下存活下来。这项手术通过将包裹在脂肪分子中的氧分子直接注射到血液中，可以在患者无法呼吸时延长30分钟的生命。〖答案〗12.B13.D14.A15.D【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“JohnKheir,adoctoroftheBostonChildren’sHospital,wasinspiredtobeginhisgroundbreakingresearchafterheexperiencedapatient’stragicdeath,accordingtoScienceDaily.Hewasoperatingonayounggirlwhosepneumonialedtodeadlybraindamageafterdoctorswereunabletoplaceheronabreathingmachineintimetosaveher.(据《每日科学》报道，波士顿儿童医院的医生约翰·凯尔在经历了一位病人的悲惨死亡后，受到启发，开始了他开创性的研究。他当时正在给一名患有肺炎的小女孩做手术，这名女孩的脑部受到了致命的损伤，因为医生没能及时将她放在呼吸机上)”可知，第二段的主要内容是一件事启发了JohnKheir的研究。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,injectingpureoxygenintothebloodstreamingasformfailedmiserablywhenitwasattempted100yearsago,asitformeddangerousbubblesintheveins.(然而，100年前，将纯氧以气体形式注入血液的尝试失败了，因为它在静脉中形成了危险的气泡)”可知，注入的氧气可能会导致更严重的问题可能导致之前的试验失败。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“MuchofDrKheir’sresearchthereforeinvolvedfindingasubstancewhichcouldsurroundtheoxygenandallowittobesuspendedinaliquidforinjectionintothebody.Hefoundthatusingfattymoleculeswasthebestwaytokeepoxygenafterusingsoundwavestotrapthetwosubstancestogetherintosmallparticlesthatcanonlybeseenwiththehelpofa.microscope.Theparticleswerethenmadeupintoaliquidwhichisveryheavilyoxygenated—carrying“threetofourtimestheoxygencontentofourownredbloodcells”,accordingtoDrKheir.(因此，凯尔医生的大部分研究都涉及到寻找一种物质，这种物质可以包围氧气，并使其悬浮在液体中，以便注射到体内。他发现，使用脂肪分子是保存氧气的最好方法，之前他使用声波将两种物质困在一起，形成只有借助显微镜才能看到的小颗粒。然后，这些颗粒被制成一种含氧量很高的液体，据凯尔医生说，这种液体携带的氧含量是人体红细胞的三到四倍)”可知，通过用脂肪包围氧分子解决向血液中成功注入氧气的问题。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Thisisashort-termoxygensubstitute—awaytosafelyinjectoxygengastosupportpatientsduringacriticalfewminutes,”DrKheirsaid.Headdedthathethoughtthetechniquecouldbecomeroutinefordoctorsdealingwithemergencysituations.(“这是一种短期的氧气替代品——一种在关键的几分钟内安全注射氧气来支持病人的方法，”海尔博士说。他补充说，他认为这项技术可以成为医生处理紧急情况的常规方法)”可推知，Kheir对这种新方法充满希望。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoCreatethePerfectSpringPlanterSpringcontainersareaneasysolutionforjazzingupacolorlessbalconyandboringcornersofanygardenatthistimeofyear.______16______Choosingtherightcontainerisimportant.Alwaysthinkaboutthestyleofyourgarden.______17______Theyaresolidpotsforspringastheydon’tblowoverinthoseearlyspringwinds.Checkthatthepothasalargedrainage(排水)holetoensurethatthesoildrainswell,butalwayscoveritwithacrock(likeapiecefromabrokenflowerplanter)sothatthesoildoesn’tblocktheholeandcreateproblemswithdrainagelaterdowntheline.Choosingtherightcompost(堆肥)isthekeytothesuccessofanyplanting.Ithinkit’sbesttousesoil-basedcompostsothatthesoildoesnotbecometooheavyorwaterlogged,especiallyinspringwhenwecouldhaveplentyofshowers.______18______Andtoomuchwaterinthesoilwillfreeze,preventingtheplantsfromtakingupthevitalwater.Plantcombinationsareimportant,soalwaysthinkaboutmixeswhichwilllastaswellasannualandperennial(多年生的)ones.______19______Abunchofpotsforcestheeyetolookaroundandtakeineachpotandplantcombination.AniceoptionisplantingsummerflowerslikeDahliaorLilytocreateasummerimpact._____20_____Itcanbeachievedbyusingtallplants.Ifyoudon’thaveatallplantthenyoucanalwaysraiseyourpotoffthegroundwitholdhousebricksordecorativepotfeet,orusestepsinyourgardentocreateinterestanddrama.Apleasantsmellisalwaysalovelyadditiontoaspaceaswellaswildlife.Selecttherightplantforyourlocationinyourgarden－sunorshade-loving.A.Ilikegood,weightyplanters.B.ItcanstillbefrostyrightuptoMay.C.Andbesides,theyaresoeasytocarefor.D.Ialsoliketogrouppotstogetherindifferentsizes.E.Capitalizeonthosevariationstohelpchoosecompanions.F.Youmayfindsomeoftheseplantsinsmallerpotsorevenmulti-packs.G.Heightisimportanttothinkaboutwhenyou’redesigningyourarrangement.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了打造完美春季花盆的技巧，包括挑选与花园风格匹配的稳固花盆、使用土壤基质堆肥确保良好排水、植物搭配考虑持久性与季节性，以及通过高低错落布置增加观赏性。〖答案〗16.C17.A18.B19.D20.G【16题详析】由上文“Springcontainersareaneasysolutionforjazzingupacolorlessbalconyandboringcornersofanygardenatthistimeofyear.(春季容器是此时为无色的阳台和花园中枯燥角落增添活力的简单解决方案)”可知，本空继续讲述春季种植容器的好处，C选项“此外，它们很容易照料”继续补充说明了春季种植容器便于打理的优点，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。【17题详析】由上文“Choosingtherightcontainerisimportant.Alwaysthinkaboutthestyleofyourgarden.(选择合适的容器很重要。始终要考虑你花园的风格)”可知，上文提到了选择容器的重要性以及需要考虑的因素，本空要说跟“选择容器”有关的话题，A选项“我喜欢坚固、沉稳的种植容器”是对个人偏好的具体描述，与前文关于容器的选择相呼应，能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。【18题详析】由上文“Ithinkit’sbesttousesoil-basedcompostsothatthesoildoesnotbecometooheavyorwaterlogged,especiallyinspringwhenwecouldhaveplentyofshowers.(我认为最好使用基于土壤的堆肥，这样土壤就不会变得太重或过于水浸，尤其是在春季，我们可能会有很多阵雨)”可知，上文提到了春季雨水多可能导致的问题，本空要说跟“春季天气”有关的话题，B选项“直到五月还可能有霜冻”继续补充了春季天气的另一特点，即霜冻，都是关于春季气候对植物生长影响的讨论，能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。【19题详析】由上文“Plantcombinationsareimportant,soalwaysthinkaboutmixeswhichwilllastaswellasannualandperennialones.(植物组合很重要，所以要经常考虑那些能够持续生长以及一年生和多年生的植物组合)”可知，上文提到了植物搭配的策略，本空要说跟“植物搭配”有关的话题，D选项“我也喜欢把不同大小的花盆放在一起”进一步说明了如何通过组合花盆来营造和谐的视觉效果，与前文关于植物布局的内容紧密相连，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。【20题详析】由下文“Itcanbeachievedbyusingtallplants.Ifyoudon’thaveatallplantwhenyoucanalwaysraiseyourpotoffthegroundwitholdhousebricksordecorativepotfeet,orusestepsinyourgardentocreateinterestanddrama.(这可以通过使用高大的植物来实现。如果你没有一株高大的植物，你可以用旧砖或装饰花盆的脚把你的花盆抬离地面，或者在你的花园里用台阶来创造兴趣和戏剧)”可知，上文提到了使用高大植物达到某种效果的方法，本空要说跟“设计布置”有关的话题，G选项“在设计布置时，高度是一个需要考虑的重要因素”作为引言，指出在设计植物布局时应考虑高度问题，与下文提出的解决方案相衔接。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JamesonLobbandhisfriendRaphaelJafriweresqueezinginalunchtimeworkoutonPier(码头)15,overlookingtheEastRiver,whenLobb____21____.“Somebody’sinthewater,”hesaid.BeforeJafricouldrespond,Lobb____22____therailanddivedintothecold,pollutedwater.WhatLobbhadheardwasa(n)____23____fishermanshoutingfromPier16,nearly50yardsaway,“Help!He’sinthewater!”____24____theunconscious(昏迷的)victim,Lobbsawthatitwasamiddle-agedman.Hewasbig,around200pounds,respectablydressedandsinkingfast.Hewas3feetbelowthesurfacebythetimeLobbreachedhim.The____25____dived,feltaround,graspedthemanandkickedupwarduntiltheyboth____26____.Jafriwastherenow.Thetwofriendsfloatedthemanonhisback.Theirmuscles____27____astheypushedandpulledtheimmobile____28____throughthewater.Onthepier,acrowdhadgathered.Fromsomewhere,theonlookersproducedaropeandalifepreserver,whichthey____29____toJafriandLobb.Thefriendsworkedthevictim’sarmandhead____30____thelifepreserverandtiedtheropearoundhisbody.Withthepairpushingfrombelowandthe____31____pullingfromabove,themanslowlyroseuntil____32____handspulledhimontothepier.Bothmen,thoroughly____33____,watchedasrescueworkers____34____thenearlydrowned(溺亡的)manintoanambulanceanddroveaway.Lotsofpeoplewereonthepiersthatday,yetonlythetwoofthemjumpedinthewater—because,theysay,theywerethefittestpeoplethereand,so,hadamoral____35____21.A.waved B.sighed C.froze D.cheered22.A.restedon B.sliddown C.ranalong D.climbedover23.A.alarmed B.confused C.annoyed D.surprised24.A.Recognizing B.Approaching C.Passing D.Examining25.A.rescuer B.survivor C.victim D.onlooker26.A.returned B.recovered C.retreated D.resurfaced27.A.relaxed B.burned C.tightened D.strengthened28.A.figure B.rock C.barrier D.boat29.A.tied B.handed C.threw D.carried30.A.through B.beyond C.across D.along31.A.fisherman B.crowd C.couple D.nurse32.A.strong B.gentle C.helping D.accepting33.A.wornout B.stressedout C.light-hearted D.hard-headed34.A.push B.dragged C.stuffed D.loaded35.A.preference B.lesson C.responsibility D.choice【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了JamesonLobb和朋友RaphaelJafri在午餐锻炼时勇敢跳入河中救出一名溺水男子的故事。〖答案〗21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.B32.C33.A34.D35.C【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当JamesonLobb和他的朋友RaphaelJafri在码头进行午间锻炼时，Lobb惊呆了，他说“有人在水里”。A.waved挥手；B.sighed叹气；C.froze愣住，惊呆；D.cheered欢呼。根据下文““Somebody’sinthewater,”hesaid.”可知，Lobb看到了有人落水，因此是愣住了或惊呆了的反应。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Jafri还没来得及回应，Lobb就翻过栏杆，跳进了冰冷、被污染的水中。A.restedon依靠；B.sliddown滑下；C.ranalong沿着跑；D.climbedover爬过。根据空后“therailanddivedintothecold,pollutedwater”可知，Lobb决定救人，因此需要迅速越过栏杆去救人。故选D。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lobb听到的是一个惊慌失措的渔民在16号码头喊叫，大约在50码外，“救命！他在水里！”A.alarmed惊慌的；B.confused困惑的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据下文的“Help!He’sinthewater!”可知，渔民发现有人落水，应该是惊慌失措的状态。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接近那个昏迷的受害者时，Lobb看到那是一个中年男子。A.Recognizing认出；B.Approaching接近；C.Passing经过；D.Examining检查。根据下文“Hewas3feetbelowthesurfacebythetimeLobbreachedhim.”可知，Lobb跳入水中是为了救人，因此此处应是他接近受害者的情景。故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：救援者潜水下去，摸索着，抓住那个人，然后踢腿向上直到他们都重新浮出水面。A.rescuer救援者；B.survivor幸存者；C.victim受害者；D.onlooker旁观者。根据上文“

BeforeJafricouldrespond,Lobb________

therailanddivedintothecold,pollutedwater.”可知，Lobb跳下水去救人，此处指的是Lobb作为救援者的行为。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援者潜水下去，摸索着，抓住那个人，然后踢腿向上直到他们都重新浮出水面。A.returned返回；B.recovered恢复；C.retreated后退；D.resurfaced重新浮出水面。根据上文“

The________

dived,feltaround,graspedthemanandkickedupward”可知，Lobb潜下去救人，然后带着人一起再次浮出水面。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的肌肉因推拉不动的身躯穿过水面而剧烈疼痛。A.relaxed放松；B.burned剧烈疼痛，灼烧；C.tightened紧绷；D.strengthened加强。根据上文“The_______

dived,feltaround,graspedthemanandkickedupwarduntiltheyboth_______.Jafriwastherenow.

”可知，Lobb和Jafri在水中奋力救人，因此肌肉会因用力过度而感到灼痛。故选B。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的肌肉因推拉不动的身躯穿过水面而剧烈疼痛。A.figure身体；B.rock岩石；C.barrier障碍；D.boat船。根据上文“graspedthemanandkickedupward”可知，这里指的是他们正在水中推拉的那个男子的身体。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：围观的人群不知从哪里找来了一根绳子和一个救生圈，他们把这两样东西扔给了Jafri和Lobb。A.tied系；B.handed递给；C.threw扔；D.carried携带。根据空后的“JafriandLobb”可知，人群在岸边帮助他们，应该是将绳子和救生圈扔给他们。故选C。【30题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：两个朋友把受害者的胳膊和头穿过救生圈，并用绳子绑住他的身体。A.through穿过；B.beyond超过；C.across横穿；D.along沿着。根据空后“thelifepreserverandtiedtheropearoundhisbody”可知，此处指将受害者的身体部位穿过救生圈，以便固定并施救。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在两人从下方推的同时，上方的人群拉着，那人慢慢地升起，直到援助的手把他拉上码头。A.fisherman渔民；B.crowd人群；C.couple夫妇；D.nurse护士。根据上文“Onthepier,acrowdhadgathered.Fromsomewhere,theonlookersproducedaropeandalifepreserver”可知，是围观的人群参与了救援，所以这里是人群在拉绳子。故选B。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在两人从下方推的同时，上方的人群拉着，那人慢慢地升起，直到援助的手把他拉上码头。A.strong强壮的；B.gentle温柔的；C.helping援助的；D.accepting接受的。根据上文“Onthepier,acrowdhadgathered.Fromsomewhere,theonlookersproducedaropeandalifepreserver”可知，这里指的是伸出援手帮忙的人们，即“helpinghands”。故选C。【33题详析】考查形容词词组辨析。句意：两人都累垮了，看着救援人员把这个几乎溺死的人抬上救护车开走。A.wornout筋疲力尽的；B.stressedout压力大的；C.light-hearted轻松愉快的；D.hard-headed顽固的。根据上文“Theirmuscles______

astheypushedandpulledtheimmobile_______

throughthewater.”可知，经过一番努力救援，他们应该感到非常疲惫。故选A。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人都累垮了，看着救援人员把这个几乎溺死的人抬上救护车开走。A.push推；B.dragged拖；C.stuffed塞满；D.loaded装上。根据空后“thenearlydrowned(溺亡的)manintoanambulanceanddroveaway.

”可知，此处指救援人员将溺水者抬上救护车，loaded“装上”符合此情景。故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天码头上有很多人，但只有他们两个跳入水中——因为他们说，他们是那里最健康的人，因此有道德责任这样做。A.preference偏好；B.lesson教训；C.responsibility责任；D.choice选择。根据上下文语境可知，Lobb和Jafri认为自己是最适合下水救人的人，因此他们觉得这是他们的道德责任。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Domesticcomedyfilm“YOLO”tellsthestoryofanunemployedwomaninher30swhostillliveswithherparentsuntilshemeetsaboxingcoachwhomaychangeherlife.____3